Carbon fiber composite emergency water floating bridge

Abstract

A carbon fiber composite emergency floating bridge relates to the field of road and bridge engineering materials technology. The floating bridge comprises multiple bridge sections, with adjacent sections anchored together. Each section is equipped with a bridge control device. Each section is constructed from multiple prefabricated units, each unit including an upper cover plate, a lower support plate, and multiple pontoons. The upper cover plate, lower support plate, and each pontoon are made of carbon fiber composite material. The floating bridge structure has high load-bearing capacity and can serve as a temporary emergency device in case of an emergency, quickly forming a passage for vehicles and pedestrians. A certain gap is left between the pontoons in the middle to allow water flow, reducing the impact of water flow on the bridge structure. Each section is equipped with a motor, an air pump, and air pipes on both sides. The bridge structure automatically unfolds and folds laterally by inflating and deflating air in the air pipes, facilitating transportation and achieving rapid paving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an emergency water passage equipment, specifically a carbon fiber composite emergency floating bridge, belonging to the field of road and bridge engineering materials. Background Technology

[0002] The main body of a modern floating bridge is called a pontoon (floating pontoon), which is made of high-molecular-weight polyethylene using large-scale mechanical equipment. While the structure of a modern floating bridge is similar to that of older floating bridges, there are significant differences in their characteristics and functions.

[0003] 1. The pontoons are seamlessly connected, ensuring good stability.

[0004] 2. The surface of the pontoon has a textured design for slip resistance.

[0005] 3. The material has good stability, strong corrosion resistance and impact resistance, making it suitable for year-round placement in outdoor water bodies.

[0006] 4. No maintenance is required after the pontoon bridge is built.

[0007] 5. Modern floating bridges are no longer primarily used as a means for people to cross water; they are now more often used as floating bridges in scenic areas and sightseeing corridors.

[0008] With the intensification of the greenhouse effect in recent years, various natural disasters have occurred frequently, posing a great challenge to our public safety emergency response. In the event of disasters such as earthquakes, flash floods, rainstorms, and mudslides, how to quickly open a lifeline to transport rescue forces to the disaster-stricken areas and transfer affected people to safe places, and protect people's lives and property, is our primary and major problem. It also tests our road traffic guarantee capabilities. For example, during the 2020 college entrance examination, Anhui Province was affected by rainstorms, and the water levels of many rivers in Shexian County, Anhui Province rose. In order to ensure that all senior high school students in Shexian County could take the college entrance examination, the local armed forces department built a pontoon bridge overnight so that the candidates could take the exam normally. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly take remedial measures for damaged roads and bridges to ensure basic road traffic capacity.

[0009] In response to the problem of damaged roads and bridges, the common methods currently used are to lay temporary fillers and build floating bridges. However, these methods have problems such as large mass of fillers and floating bridges, slow emergency construction speed, and generally require large machinery to clear the way before transport vehicles can deliver the materials to the damaged roads. Therefore, there is still much room for optimization in the selection of materials and structural design of emergency equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the technical problems of existing emergency floating bridges, such as large mass of single bridge sections, slow assembly speed, and insufficient load-bearing capacity, this invention provides an emergency floating bridge made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0011] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: the floating bridge includes multiple bridge sections, wherein adjacent bridge sections are anchored and spliced ​​together, and each bridge section is equipped with a bridge control device;

[0012] Each bridge section is constructed from multiple prefabricated units. Each prefabricated unit includes an upper cover plate, a lower support plate, and multiple pontoons. Each pontoon is a hollow hexagonal prism. The multiple pontoons are located between the upper cover plate and the lower support plate and are detachably connected. The multiple pontoons are arranged at equal intervals, and the corresponding pontoons of adjacent prefabricated units are tightly connected. The upper cover plate, the lower support plate, and each pontoon are made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0013] Furthermore, carbon fiber composite material is a composite material formed by using carbon fiber as reinforcement and resin as matrix. The resin matrix is ​​selected from a thermosetting two-component polyurethane system, namely isocyanate component and polyol component. The components of the carbon fiber composite material are proportioned by volume as follows: 60-70 parts carbon fiber and 30-40 parts thermosetting two-component polyurethane system.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper cover plate has a slenderness ratio ranging from 1.2 to 2.8 and can be folded in an accordion-like manner along the direction perpendicular to the roadway; the lower support plate is composed of carbon fiber composite material with a hollow internal structure and a boundary thickness ranging from 3 to 8 cm, and is tightly connected to a set of pontoons.

[0015] Furthermore, the top and bottom of each pontoon are sealed with carbon fiber composite material, the height of the pontoons ranges from 20 to 50 cm, and the thickness of the top and bottom of each pontoon ranges from 5 to 15 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, each bridge section control device includes an air pump, an air pipe, and two motors. The motors and air pump are installed in the middle floats on both sides of each bridge section. The air pipes are arranged in a T-shape, with the horizontal section located on one side of the bridge section and perpendicular to the prefabricated unit, and one end of the vertical section located at the connection between adjacent prefabricated units at the center of each bridge section. The motor drives the air pump to inflate or de-inflate the air pipes, thereby enabling the bridge section to fold or unfold.

[0017] Furthermore, a rotating collar is pre-installed on the upper side of the contact surface of each bridge section. After the bridge is pushed into the water, the collar is rotated manually and a threadless bolt is inserted to fix the bridge structure.

[0018] Furthermore, screw holes are pre-drilled on the bottom surface of the two bridge sections on the inner side of the folding opening end on the outer side of the floating bridge. The air channel is connected to the corresponding motor and air pump. When the bridge body is folded, the piston is pushed out to push the bolt into the screw hole to fix the folding contact surface.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner folding contact surfaces are directly anchored and spliced ​​with bolts. A serrated splicing structure is reserved on the top surface of the inner folding opening end of the floating bridge. When the bridge body is unfolded laterally, unthreaded bolts are inserted to fix the bridge structure.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention utilizes a prefabricated floating bridge body made of carbon fiber composite material. Its main floating structure consists of three parts: an upper cover plate, a middle honeycomb-shaped pontoon, and a lower load-bearing plate. The bridge body is formed using a vacuum injection molding process. The upper cover plate and the middle pontoon, as well as the middle pontoon and the lower load-bearing plate, are sealed at their contact surfaces. Gaps are left between the middle pontoons along the transverse direction of the bridge body to allow water flow, reducing the impact of water flow on the bridge structure. Motors, air pumps, and air pipes are installed on both sides of each bridge section. The bridge body automatically unfolds and folds laterally by inflating and deflating air in the air pipes. Each bridge section is anchored and spliced ​​together with bolts. In case of an emergency, it can serve as temporary emergency equipment, quickly forming a passage for vehicles and pedestrians. Due to the inherent advantages of carbon fiber composite material, the bridge's load-bearing capacity is enhanced. Furthermore, this floating bridge can be repeatedly disassembled and reused, reducing carbon emissions during use.

[0022] 2. The floating bridge is constructed using a composite material made of carbon fiber as reinforcement, polyurethane, and resin as the matrix. This material is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and rust-free. In complex water environments, it has a much longer service life than steel components, good stability, excellent mechanical properties, low density, and good fracture toughness, fatigue resistance, and creep resistance.

[0023] 3. Rapid emergency rescue: Each bridge section is prefabricated and requires no further processing or manufacturing, allowing it to be put into use directly.

[0024] 4. The splicing process is simple; each bridge section can automatically unfold along the lateral direction of the bridge structure using air pressure. Only on-site splicing of each section is required for it to be put into use. It occupies little space and is convenient for transportation; each bridge section can automatically fold along the lateral direction of the bridge structure using air pressure, facilitating loading and transport. It is environmentally friendly; the entire bridge is composed of carbon fiber composite materials, without the use of steel or other materials. Furthermore, the floating bridge can be disassembled and reused after completion. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the bridge body in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 : A front view schematic diagram of the bridge structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 : A side view of the bridge structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 : A schematic cross-sectional view of the bridge structure of this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bridge body of the present invention (with the upper cover plate removed). Detailed Implementation

[0030] Specific implementation method one: The floating bridge includes multiple bridge sections, wherein adjacent bridge sections are anchored and spliced, and each bridge section is equipped with a bridge control device; each bridge section is composed of multiple prefabricated unit bodies fixedly connected, wherein each prefabricated unit body includes an upper cover plate 1, a lower bearing plate 3 and multiple pontoons 2, wherein each pontoon 2 is a hollow hexagonal prism, the multiple pontoons 2 are arranged between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower bearing plate 3 and the three are detachably connected, the multiple pontoons 2 are arranged at equal intervals, and the corresponding pontoons 2 of adjacent prefabricated unit bodies are tightly connected;

[0031] The upper cover plate 1, the lower support plate 3, and each float 2 are made of carbon fiber composite material. The carbon fiber composite material is a composite material formed with carbon fiber as the reinforcement and resin as the matrix. The resin matrix is ​​a thermosetting two-component polyurethane system, consisting of isocyanate and polyol components. The raw materials of the carbon fiber composite material are proportioned by volume as follows: 60-70 parts carbon fiber, 30-40 parts thermosetting two-component polyurethane system. The thermosetting two-component polyurethane system is a commercially available product.

[0032] Furthermore, the carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber, with a specification of large tow PANEX 35K.

[0033] Furthermore, the upper cover plate 1 has a length-to-slenderness ratio ranging from 1.2 to 2.8, and can be folded in an accordion-like manner along the direction perpendicular to the roadway.

[0034] Furthermore, the lower support plate 3 is composed of carbon fiber composite material, with a hollow internal structure and a boundary thickness ranging from 3 to 8 cm, and is tightly connected to a set of pontoons.

[0035] Furthermore, the top and bottom of each pontoon 2 are sealed with carbon fiber composite material, the height of the pontoon 2 ranges from 20 to 50 cm, and the thickness of the top and bottom of each pontoon 2 ranges from 5 to 15 cm.

[0036] Furthermore, each bridge section control device includes an air pump 7, an air pipe 5, and two motors 4. The motors 4 and the air pump 7 are installed in the middle floats 2 on both sides of each bridge section. The air pipe 5 is arranged in a T-shape, with the horizontal section located on one side of the bridge section and perpendicular to the prefabricated unit, and one end of the vertical section located at the connection between adjacent prefabricated units at the center of each bridge section. The motors 4 drive the air pump 7 to inflate or de-inflate the air pipe, thereby realizing the folding or unfolding of the bridge section.

[0037] Furthermore, a rotating collar is pre-installed on the upper side of the contact surface of each bridge section. After the bridge is pushed into the water, the collar is rotated manually and a threadless bolt is inserted to fix the bridge structure.

[0038] Furthermore, screw holes are pre-drilled on the bottom surface of the two bridge sections on the inner side of the folding opening end on the outer side of the floating bridge. The air channel is connected to the corresponding motor 4 and air pump 7. When the bridge body is folded, the piston is pushed out to push the bolt into the screw hole to fix the folding contact surface.

[0039] Furthermore, the inner folding contact surfaces are directly anchored and spliced ​​with bolts. A serrated splicing structure is reserved on the top surface of the inner folding opening end of the floating bridge. When the bridge body is unfolded laterally, unthreaded bolts are inserted to fix the bridge structure.

[0040] The rated power of the motors on both sides of the bridge body is in the range of 30~50KW. The reserved air pipes 5 are arranged along the folding direction to achieve the effect of a raised center and recessed sides.

[0041] The motor is stored in the outer pontoon of the longitudinal middle of the floating bridge. The outer boundary of the pontoon is made into a small gate shape to facilitate the control of the motor and thus the control of the bridge's extension and contraction.

[0042] The method for prefabricating the bridge body is as follows: each bridge section is integrally formed by vacuum mold injection, and then each bridge section is anchored with tenons and mortise joints 6. After that, motors 4, air pumps 7 and air pipes 5 are installed on both sides of each bridge section, and the main structure of the floating bridge is completed. Specific implementation method two

[0044] The carbon fiber composite emergency floating bridge of this embodiment includes three parts: an upper cover plate 1, a middle honeycomb pontoon 2, and a lower bearing plate 3. A motor 4 and an air pump 7 are installed in the middle pontoons on both sides of the floating structure. Air pipes are reserved in the front and rear side plates and the top plate of the floating structure. The transverse folding parts are connected by mortise and tenon structure, and the longitudinal floating structure is connected by snap-fit ​​mortise and tenon structure.

[0045] Carbon fiber composites are composed of carbon fiber and polyurethane. The components of the carbon fiber composite material are proportioned by volume as follows: 60-70 parts of carbon fiber, and the thermosetting two-component polyurethane system includes polyol and isocyanate, of which 20-28 parts of polyol and 10-14 parts of isocyanate.

[0046] The carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber, and the specification is large tow PANEX 35K.

[0047] The upper cover plate 1 is made of carbon fiber composite material, is dense inside, is 600cm long, 480cm wide, and 10cm thick. It can be folded in an accordion style along the transverse side of the plate, with a folding width of 120cm.

[0048] The middle pontoon 2 is made of carbon fiber composite material. The structure of the middle pontoon 2 is a hexagonal prism that is closely arranged laterally and evenly spaced longitudinally along the bridge body. The prism is hollow inside, and the top and bottom are sealed with carbon fiber composite material. The pontoon is 30cm high and 5cm thick at the top and bottom. The longitudinal spacing between the centers of each row of pontoons is 100cm.

[0049] The lower support plate 3 is made of carbon fiber composite material, hollow inside, with a height of 25cm and a boundary thickness of 4cm, and is tightly connected to the middle pontoon.

[0050] The motor 4 and the air pump 7 are installed in the middle of the two outermost front and rear sides of the main structure of the floating bridge. The motor 4 has a power of 30KW, and the air pipes are laid in the longitudinal front and rear side plates of the main structure of the floating bridge.

[0051] In the event of an emergency, the pontoon bridge is transported by vehicle to the blocked section of the road. On-site, the motor 4 is turned on, and the air pump 7 inflates the air pipe 5, causing the floating structure to unfold laterally. At the same time, tenons are inserted to fix the floating structure, and then it is pushed into the blocked section of the road. Tenons are inserted at the longitudinal joints to complete the longitudinal splicing of the floating structure, and the pontoon bridge assembly is completed.

[0052] When the pontoon bridge is no longer in use, it is disassembled and transported to the shore. The tenon is pulled out, the air pump 7 is turned on to release the air from the air pipe, and the floating structure is automatically folded.

[0053] Working principle: Under normal conditions, the pontoon bridge folds and retracts to reduce the volume required for loading, facilitating vehicle transport. When needed for emergency use across waterways, an air pump controlled by a motor inflates the air pipes inside the bridge, automatically unfolding the bridge. After use, the air pump is used to deflate the air pipes, automatically folding the bridge. Simultaneously, the bridge length can be extended longitudinally via pins, facilitating modular transport and assembly.

Claims

1. A carbon fiber composite emergency water floatable bridge, characterized by: The floating bridge comprises multiple bridge bodies, adjacent two bridge bodies are anchored and spliced, and each bridge body is provided with a bridge body control device; Each bridge body is formed by multiple prefabricated units, each prefabricated unit comprises an upper cover plate, a lower bearing plate and multiple floating cylinders, each floating cylinder is a hollow hexagonal prism, the multiple floating cylinders are arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower bearing plate and are detachably connected, the multiple floating cylinders are arranged at equal intervals, and corresponding floating cylinders of adjacent prefabricated units are tightly connected; the upper cover plate, the lower bearing plate and each floating cylinder are made of carbon fiber composite material; The upper cover plate can be folded in an accordion manner along the plate body perpendicular to the driving direction; the lower bearing plate is a hollow body structure; The bridge body control device comprises an air pump, an air pipe and two motors, the motors and the air pump are installed in the middle floating cylinders on the two sides of each bridge body, the air pipe is arranged in a T shape, the horizontal section of the air pipe is arranged on one side of the bridge body and is arranged vertically to the prefabricated unit, one end of the vertical section of the air pipe is arranged at the center connection of each bridge body between adjacent prefabricated units, and the motor drives the air pump to inflate or exhaust the air pipe, so as to realize unfolding or folding of the bridge body.

2. The carbon fiber composite emergency water floating bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon fiber composite material is a composite material formed by taking carbon fiber as a reinforcing body and taking resin as a matrix, wherein the resin matrix selects a thermosetting two-component polyurethane system, namely, an isocyanate component and a polyol component, and the components of the carbon fiber composite material are mixed in the following ratio by volume fraction: 60-70 parts of carbon fiber and 30-40 parts of the thermosetting two-component polyurethane system.

3. The carbon fiber composite emergency water floating bridge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The length-thinness ratio of the upper cover plate ranges from 1.2 to 2.8; the lower bearing plate is composed of carbon fiber composite material, and the boundary thickness of the hollow body structure ranges from 3 to 8 cm and is tightly connected with a group of floating cylinders.

4. The carbon fiber composite emergency water floating bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top and bottom of each floating cylinder are sealed by carbon fiber composite material, the height of the floating cylinder ranges from 20 to 50 cm, and the thickness of the top and bottom of each floating cylinder ranges from 5 to 15 cm.

5. The carbon fiber composite emergency water floatable bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotating collar is reserved on the upper side of the contact surface of each bridge body, after the bridge body is pushed onto the water surface, a non-threaded bolt is inserted into the rotating collar through manual positioning, and the bridge body structure is fixed.

6. The carbon fiber composite emergency water floating bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner folding contact surface is directly anchored and spliced by a bolt, a sawtooth splicing structure is reserved on the top surface of the inner folding opening end of the floating bridge, and a non-threaded bolt is inserted to fix the bridge body structure when the bridge body is unfolded horizontally.

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