An ultra-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system and a working method thereof

Abstract

The present application aims at providing a super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system, comprising an injector, a liquid ammonia common rail pipe, a fuel common rail pipe, an oil tank, a liquid ammonia storage tank, a pump ammonia system, a shunt system, an ammonia inlet and outlet system, the fuel common rail pipe being connected with the injector and the oil tank respectively, the pump ammonia system comprising a liquid ammonia storage shunt, a low-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, the shunt system comprising a storage tank, an ammonia inlet control valve, a safety valve and an ammonia outlet control valve, the outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank being connected with the low-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump, the liquid ammonia storage shunt, the storage tank and the ammonia inlet control valve in sequence, the ammonia inlet control valve being connected with the liquid ammonia common rail pipe through an ammonia inlet pipe, the inlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank being connected with the ammonia return control valve and the safety valve in sequence, and the safety valve being connected with the injector through an ammonia return pipe. The present application realizes the controllability of the pressure wave coupling process by changing the phase of the pressure wave fluctuation, adjusting the fluctuation frequency and the corresponding relationship between the wave crest and the wave trough. In particular, in the pressurization mode, the stability of the system is ensured.

Description

[0001] The present application is a divisional application of the parent application entitled "Super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system". TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of ammonia fuel engine, in particular to a super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0003] The stability of fuel supply and injection affects the power, economy and emission consistency of the ship engine. Due to the fast response and high control precision requirements of the low-carbon fuel supply and injection system, how to realize the accurate fuel supply and micro-injection precision control under the condition of multi-phase complex flow, break through the coupling and decoupling technology of high and low pressure systems, and master the fuel supply and injection control method is one of the key technologies for stable control of the low-carbon fuel supply and injection system. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system and a working method thereof, which solves the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an implementable path for the application of liquid ammonia as fuel in engines.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present application discloses a super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system, comprising an injector, a liquid ammonia common rail pipe, a fuel common rail pipe, an oil tank, a liquid ammonia storage tank, a pump ammonia system, a shunt system and an ammonia inlet and outlet system, the fuel common rail pipe is connected with the injector and the oil tank respectively, the pump ammonia system comprises a liquid ammonia storage shunt, a low-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, the shunt system comprises a storage tank, an ammonia inlet control valve, a safety valve and an ammonia outlet control valve, the outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is connected with the low-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump, the liquid ammonia storage shunt, the storage tank and the ammonia inlet control valve in sequence, the ammonia inlet control valve is connected with the liquid ammonia common rail pipe through an ammonia inlet pipe, the inlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is connected with an ammonia return control valve and a safety valve in sequence, and the safety valve is connected with the injector through an ammonia return pipe.

[0007] The injector is a super-atomized ammonia fuel injector, which comprises an oil injector body, a pressure boosting module, a pressure accumulation resonance flow limiting module, a super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator and a phase-change controllable super-atomized nozzle module, a one-way ammonia inlet is arranged on the oil injector body, the pressure boosting module, the pressure accumulation resonance flow limiting module and the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator are located in the oil injector body and are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the phase-change controllable super-atomized nozzle module is located below the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure increasing module comprises a magnetic yoke, main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a pressure increasing piston, an armature, a limit block, a double-sealed valve rod, an upper valve rod seat and a lower valve rod seat, the armature is sleeved on the top of the double-sealed valve rod, a reset spring is arranged between the magnetic yoke and the armature, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are arranged outside the reset spring, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are wound by a coil, the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the upper valve rod seat, the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the lower valve rod seat, a valve rod reset spring is sleeved on the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod, a double-sealed protrusion is arranged between the middle part and the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod, a sealing surface is arranged on the corresponding surface of the upper valve rod seat, the lower valve rod seat and the double-sealed valve rod, the pressure increasing piston is located below the lower valve rod seat, a pressure increasing piston reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the pressure increasing piston, a back ammonia passage and an intermediate pipeline are arranged in the upper valve rod seat, an ammonia inlet passage is arranged in the lower valve rod seat, a space where the double-sealed protrusion is located in the lower valve rod seat is a communication space, and the communication space is communicated with the intermediate pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure increasing module comprises a magnetic yoke, main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a pressure increasing piston, an armature, a limit block, a double-sealed valve rod, an upper valve rod seat and a lower valve rod seat, the armature is sleeved on the top of the double-sealed valve rod, a reset spring is arranged between the magnetic yoke and the armature, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are arranged outside the reset spring, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are wound by a coil, the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the upper valve rod seat, the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the lower valve rod seat, a valve rod reset spring is sleeved on the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod, a double-sealed protrusion is arranged between the middle part and the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod, a sealing surface is arranged on the corresponding surface of the upper valve rod seat, the lower valve rod seat and the double-sealed valve rod, the pressure increasing piston is located below the lower valve rod seat, a pressure increasing piston reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the pressure increasing piston, a back ammonia passage and an intermediate pipeline are arranged in the upper valve rod seat, an ammonia inlet passage is arranged in the lower valve rod seat, a space where the double-sealed protrusion is located in the lower valve rod seat is a communication space, and the communication space is communicated with the intermediate pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure increasing module comprises a magnetic yoke, main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a pressure increasing piston, an armature, a limit block, a double-sealed valve rod, an upper valve rod seat and a lower valve rod seat, the armature is sleeved on the top of the double-sealed valve rod, a reset spring is arranged between the magnetic yoke and the armature, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are arranged outside the reset spring, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles are wound by a coil, the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the upper valve rod seat, the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod is located in the lower valve rod seat, a valve rod reset spring is sleeved on the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod, a double-sealed protrusion is arranged between the middle part and the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod, a sealing surface is arranged on the corresponding surface of the upper valve rod seat, the lower valve rod seat and the double-sealed valve rod, the pressure increasing piston is located below the lower valve rod seat, a pressure increasing piston reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the pressure increasing piston, a back ammonia passage and an intermediate pipeline are arranged in the upper valve rod seat, an ammonia inlet passage is arranged in the lower valve rod seat, a space where the double-sealed protrusion is located in the lower valve rod seat is a communication space, and the communication space is communicated with the intermediate pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator comprises main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a magnetic hysteresis seat, an upper valve rod, a lower end cone valve and a fungus-shaped valve, a coil is wound in the main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a super-magnetic hysteresis material is arranged in the through hole of the main and auxiliary magnetic poles, the magnetic hysteresis seat, the upper valve rod, the lower end cone valve and the fungus-shaped valve are sequentially arranged below the super-magnetic hysteresis material, the fungus-shaped valve is located in a fungus-shaped valve cavity, a fungus-shaped valve return spring is arranged below the fungus-shaped valve, an ammonia inlet pipeline, an oil return pipeline and an oil inlet pipeline are arranged in the fuel injector body where the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator is located, the oil return pipeline is communicated with the fungus-shaped valve cavity, a cone valve ammonia inlet hole and a cone valve oil inlet hole are arranged in a lower end cone valve shell outside the lower end cone valve, the cone valve ammonia inlet hole is communicated with the ammonia inlet pipeline, and the cone valve oil inlet hole is communicated with the oil inlet pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the phase-change controllable super-atomization nozzle module comprises a nozzle body, a valve seat, a static leakage-free cylinder, a needle valve body and a control valve rod, the valve seat is located in the nozzle body, the static leakage-free cylinder and the needle valve body are located in the valve seat, the head of the needle valve body is located in the static leakage-free cylinder, a needle valve body return spring is arranged between the middle part of the needle valve body and the static leakage-free cylinder, an ammonia storage cavity is formed between the static leakage-free cylinder, the needle valve body and the valve seat, liquid cooling working medium inlet and outlet pipelines are formed between the valve seat and the nozzle body, a jet flow channel is formed between the bottom of the needle valve body and the bottom of the valve seat, the ammonia storage cavity is communicated with the storage cavity, a control cavity is formed between the top end of the needle valve body and the fuel injector body above the needle valve body, and the control cavity is communicated with the oil inlet pipeline.

[0013] The application further discloses a working method of the super-atomization ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system, which comprises a non-pressurization mode working and a pressurization module not being powered, since the pressure of each acting surface of the pressurization piston is balanced at this time, ammonia fuel in the ammonia inlet channel is stored in the pressure storage cavity after passing through the one-way ammonia inlet, and the flow limiting piston and the rhombic sealing block are integrally displaced downward, when the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator is powered, the super-magnetic hysteresis material is elongated, the magnetic hysteresis seat presses the upper valve rod to move downward, the pressure in the valve rod middle cavity formed by the upper valve rod and the lower end cone valve is increased, the lower end cone valve moves downward under the action of the pressure, and then the fungus-shaped valve moves downward against the elastic force of the fungus-shaped valve return spring, at this time, the conical surface at the lower end of the lower end cone valve is sealed, the ammonia inlet pipeline is cut off, the conical surface at the upper part of the fungus-shaped valve is sealed, the fuel in the control cavity flows back to the oil tank through the low-pressure oil drain hole, when the resultant force of the pressure in the control cavity and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring is smaller than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage cavity, the needle valve body is lifted upward, and the jet flow channel is opened, when the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator is powered off, the super-magnetic hysteresis material is shortened, the upper valve rod is seated under the action of the spring force, the ammonia inlet pipeline is opened, when the resultant force of the pressure in the control cavity and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage cavity, the needle valve body is re-seated, and the flow limiting piston and the rhombic sealing block are integrally restored to the initial position.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a pressurization mode operation, the pressurization module is powered on, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles form an electromagnetic force, the armature is attracted to move upward, at the same time, the double-seal valve rod is driven to move upward, the ammonia inlet channel is opened, the ammonia return channel is closed, the pressurization piston moves downward, and the pressurized liquid ammonia is supplied to the storage cavity; when the super-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control executor is powered on, the super-magnetic hysteresis material is elongated, the magnetic hysteresis seat presses the upper valve rod to move downward, and then the mushroom valve overcomes the elastic force of the mushroom valve return spring to move downward; at this time, the lower end of the conical valve is closed, the ammonia inlet pipeline is cut off, the conical surface of the upper part of the mushroom valve is sealed, the control cavity is connected with the oil return oil channel, the fuel in the control cavity flows back to the oil tank through the oil return oil channel, when the resultant force formed by the pressure in the control cavity and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring is smaller than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage cavity, the needle valve body is lifted upward, and the injection flow channel is opened; when the pressure resonance flow limiting module is powered off, the super-magnetic hysteresis material is shortened, the upper valve rod is seated under the action of the spring force, the control cavity repressurizes through the oil inlet oil way, and when the resultant force formed by the pressure in the control cavity and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage cavity, the needle valve body is re-seated.

[0015] The present application has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. The low-pressure storage tank is used as a medium to realize safe storage of liquid ammonia.

[0017] 2. The present application realizes controllable pressure wave coupling process by changing the phase of pressure wave fluctuation, adjusting the fluctuation frequency, and the corresponding relationship between the wave crest and the wave trough.

[0018] 3. The super-magnetic electromagnetic control executor and the super-atomization nozzle module are used to cooperate with the injection into the cylinder to realize high-pressure liquid ammonia injection into the cylinder and realize full combustion.

[0019] 4. The injection process is combined with thermal management design to adjust from the aspects of pressure and temperature and control the phase change conversion of ammonia fuel.

[0020] 5. The double-valve control form is used to realize variable cycle of liquid ammonia injection process, so that the injection amount and injection timing are more accurate and flexible.

[0021] 6. The resonance block is used to adjust the pressure fluctuation in the system, the phase of pressure wave fluctuation is changed, the fluctuation frequency is adjusted, and the corresponding relationship between the wave crest and the wave trough is adjusted to realize controllable pressure wave coupling process. Meanwhile, a flow limiter is designed to prevent abnormal injection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the liquid ammonia supply system in the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector in the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 The structure schematic diagram of the super-atomized ammonia fuel high-pressure common rail injection system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure: 1-liquid ammonia common rail pipe; 3-high pressure oil pipe; 2-high pressure oil pipe; 4-high pressure oil pump; 5-oil return pipe; 6-filter; 7-oil tank; 8-diverter; 9-fuel common rail pipe; 10-flow restrictor; 11-high pressure oil pipe; 12-ultra-atomizing ammonia fuel injector; 13-ammonia inlet pipe; 14-ammonia return pipe; 16-ammonia inlet and outlet system; 17-liquid ammonia storage tank; 18-diverter system; 19-pump ammonia system; 20-low pressure pump and motor; 21-high pressure pump and motor; 22-overflow valve; 23-safety valve; 24-temperature controller; 26-storage tank; 27-ammonia inlet control valve; 28-ammonia inlet port; 29-ammonia return port; 32-safety valve; 33-ammonia outlet control valve; 34-liquid ammonia storage diverter; 35-one-way ammonia inlet port; 36-pressurizing module; 37-injector body; 38-accumulator cavity thermal management module; 39-accumulator resonance flow limiting module; 40-ammonia inlet pipe; 41-ultra-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator; 42-nozzle thermal management module; 43-phase change controllable ultra-atomizing nozzle module; 44-magnetic yoke; 45-return spring; 46-main and auxiliary magnetic poles; 47-coil; 48-ammonia return channel; 49-pressurizing piston upper surface; 50-intermediate cavity; 51-pressurizing piston return spring; 52-armature; 53-limiting block; 54-valve rod return spring; 55-double-sealed valve rod; 56-ammonia inlet channel; 57-intermediate pipe; 59-accumulator cavity; 60-liquid cooling pipe inlet; 61-resonance block; 62-intermediate block; 63-return spring; 64-oil inlet hole; 65-rhombic sealing block; 66-flow limiting piston; 67-ammonia inlet channel; 68-storage cavity; 69-resonance block ammonia inlet path; 70-intermediate cavity; 71-resonance block ammonia inlet path throttling hole; 72-valve seat; 73-intermediate hole; 74-flow limiting piston return spring; 75-first ammonia inlet path, 76-first ammonia inlet throttling hole, 77-second ammonia inlet throttling hole, 78-first ammonia cavity, 79-first ammonia outlet path, 80-second ammonia inlet path, 81-second ammonia cavity, 82-communication hole; 83-second ammonia outlet path; 84-main and auxiliary magnetic poles; 85-coil; 86-magnetic hysteresis seat; 87-upper valve rod; 88-return spring; 89-valve rod intermediate cavity; 90-buffer cavity; 91-oil inlet and return hole; 92-bacterial valve return spring; 93-ultra-magnetic hysteresis material; 94-limiting block; 95-oil inlet pipe; 96-oil return pipe; 97-lower end spool valve; 98-bacterial valve; 99-low pressure oil discharge hole; 100-ammonia inlet pipe; 101-ammonia storage cavity; 102-no static leakage cylinder; 103-needle valve body return spring; 104-gasket; 105-liquid cooling working medium inlet pipe; 106-valve seat; 107-control cavity; 108-control valve rod upper end face; 109-liquid cooling working medium outlet pipe; 110-needle valve body; 111-needle valve sealing surface; 112-injection flow channel; 113-nozzle body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel and its operating method, in order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide an feasible path for the application of liquid ammonia as fuel in engines.

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel, including an ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12, a liquid ammonia common rail pipe 1, a fuel common rail pipe 9, a fuel tank 7, a liquid ammonia storage tank 17, an ammonia pumping system 19, a diversion system 18, and an ammonia inlet / outlet system 16. The fuel common rail pipe 9 is connected to the ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 and the fuel tank 7 respectively. The ammonia pumping system 19 includes a liquid ammonia storage diversion device 34, a low-pressure pump 20, and a high-pressure pump 21. The diversion system 18 includes a storage device... The ammonia storage tank 26, ammonia inlet control valve 27, safety valve 32, and ammonia outlet control valve 33 are connected in sequence to the outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank 17, which is connected to the low-pressure pump 20, high-pressure pump 21, liquid ammonia storage distributor 34, storage tank 26, and ammonia inlet control valve 27. The ammonia inlet control valve 27 is connected to the liquid ammonia common rail pipe 1 through the ammonia inlet pipe 13. The ammonia return control valve 33 and safety valve 32 are connected in sequence to the inlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank 17, which is connected to the ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 through the ammonia return pipe 14.

[0038] Figure 1 The diagram shows the overall structure of the invention. The fuel supply system comprises a fuel tank 7, a filter 6, a high-pressure fuel pump 4 and a motor, a common fuel rail 9, a flow limiter 10, high-pressure fuel lines 3 and 11, and a super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12. The right end of the common fuel rail 9 is connected to the high-pressure fuel pump 4, the filter 6, and the fuel tank 7. Multiple hydraulic oil outlets are provided on the common fuel rail 9, and each outlet is connected to a flow limiter 10 to ensure timely closure in case of abnormal operating conditions, minimizing losses. The number of flow limiters 10 is determined by the number of cylinders in the internal combustion engine. The flow limiters 10 are connected to the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 via high-pressure fuel lines 11.

[0039] Figure 2The detailed schematic diagram of the liquid ammonia supply system mainly comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank 17, a pump ammonia system 19, a shunt system 18, an ammonia inlet and outlet system 16, an ammonia inlet pipe 13, an ammonia return pipe 14, a liquid ammonia common rail pipe 1, a high-pressure oil pipe 2 and a shunt 8. The pump ammonia system 19 comprises a low-pressure pump and a motor 20, a high-pressure pump and a motor 21, an overflow valve 22, a safety valve 23, a temperature controller 24, a liquid ammonia storage shunt 34, a storage tank 26, a control valve 27, an ammonia inlet 28, an ammonia return 29, a safety valve 32 and a control valve 33.

[0040] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application comprises an ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12, which comprises a one-way ammonia inlet 35, a pressure boosting module 36, an oil injector body 37, a pressure accumulation cavity thermal management module 38, a pressure accumulation resonance flow limiting module 39, an ammonia inlet pipe 40, an ultra-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator 41, a nozzle thermal management module 42 and a phase-change controllable ultra-atomized nozzle module 43. The one-way ammonia inlet 35 is arranged on the oil injector body 37, and the pressure boosting module 36, the pressure accumulation resonance flow limiting module 39 and the ultra-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator 41 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the oil injector body. The phase-change controllable ultra-atomized nozzle module 43 is arranged below the ultra-magnetic hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator 41. The ammonia fuel in high-pressure liquid state is injected into the cylinder to achieve full combustion. At the same time, the injection process is combined with thermal management design to adjust and control the phase change conversion of the ammonia fuel from the aspects of pressure and temperature. The double-valve control form is adopted to realize the cycle variable of the liquid ammonia injection process, so that the injection amount and injection timing are more accurate and flexible.

[0041] Figure 4For the detailed schematic diagram of the pressure boosting module 36 in the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12, the pressure boosting module includes: a magnetic yoke 44, a reset spring 45, a main and auxiliary magnetic pole 46, a coil 47, a back ammonia channel 48, a pressure boosting piston upper surface 49, an intermediate cavity 50, a pressure boosting piston reset spring 51, an armature 52, a limit block 53, a valve rod reset spring 54, a double-sealed valve rod 55, an ammonia inlet channel 56, an intermediate pipeline 57, a pressure boosting piston, an upper valve rod seat, a lower valve rod seat, and a pressure boosting piston lower surface; the armature 52 is sleeved on the top of the double-sealed valve rod 55, the reset spring 45 is arranged between the magnetic yoke 44 and the armature 52, the main and auxiliary magnetic pole 46 is arranged outside the reset spring 45, the main and auxiliary magnetic pole 46 is wound around the coil 47, the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod 55 is located in the upper valve rod seat, the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod 55 is located in the lower valve rod seat, the middle part of the double-sealed valve rod 55 is sleeved with the valve rod reset spring 54, the double-sealed protrusion is arranged between the middle part and the bottom part of the double-sealed valve rod 55, the sealing surface is arranged on the corresponding surface of the upper valve rod seat, the lower valve rod seat, and the double-sealed valve rod 55, the pressure boosting piston is located below the lower valve rod seat, the pressure boosting piston reset spring 51 is sleeved outside the pressure boosting piston, the back ammonia channel 48 and the intermediate pipeline 57 are arranged in the upper valve rod seat, the ammonia inlet channel 56 is arranged in the lower valve rod seat, the space where the double-sealed protrusion is located in the lower valve rod seat is a communication space, and the communication space is communicated with the intermediate pipeline 57. The module can adopt two control modes, one is in the form of liquid ammonia pressure boosting liquid ammonia, and the other is in the form of diesel oil pressure boosting liquid ammonia.

[0042] Figure 5 For the schematic diagram of the pressure storage resonance flow limiting module 39, mainly includes: a pressure storage cavity 59, a liquid cooling pipe inlet 60, a resonance block 61, a middle block 62, a middle block reset spring 63, an oil inlet hole 64, a rhombic sealing block 65, a flow limiting piston 66, an ammonia inlet channel 67, a storage cavity 68, a resonance block ammonia inlet 69, an intermediate cavity 70, a resonance block ammonia inlet throttling hole 71, a valve seat 72, an intermediate hole 73, and a flow limiting piston reset spring 74. The pressure boosting piston 66 is arranged in the pressure storage cavity 59 below the oil injector body 37, the liquid cooling pipe inlet 60 is arranged on the oil injector body 37, the liquid cooling pipe inlet 60 is communicated with the pressure storage cavity 59, the resonance block 61, the middle block 62, the rhombic sealing block 65, and the valve seat 72 are sequentially arranged below the pressure storage cavity 59, the flow limiting piston 66 is arranged in the valve seat 72, the middle block reset spring 63 is arranged in the middle block 62, the oil inlet hole 64 and the resonance block ammonia inlet throttling hole 71 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the middle block 62, the rhombic sealing block 65 is located above the flow limiting piston 66, the intermediate hole 73 is arranged in the flow limiting piston 66, the flow limiting piston reset spring 74 is arranged below the flow limiting piston 66, and the storage cavity 68 is arranged below the flow limiting piston reset spring 74. The module ensures the stability of the ammonia fuel, adjusts the pressure fluctuation in the system by using the resonance block, and designs a flow limiter to prevent abnormal injection.

[0043] Figure 6The schematic diagram of the resonance block 61 mainly comprises: a first ammonia inlet path 75, a first ammonia inlet orifice 76, a second ammonia inlet orifice 77, a first ammonia inlet chamber 78, a first ammonia outlet path 79, a second ammonia inlet path 80, a second ammonia inlet chamber 81, a communication hole 82, and a second ammonia outlet path 83. The second ammonia inlet chamber 81 is in communication with the second ammonia inlet path 80 and the second ammonia outlet path 83, respectively. The first ammonia inlet chamber 78 is in communication with the second ammonia inlet chamber 81 through the communication hole 82. The first ammonia inlet chamber 78 is in communication with the first ammonia inlet path 75 through the first ammonia inlet orifice 76. The first ammonia inlet chamber 78 is in communication with the accumulator chamber 59 through the second ammonia inlet orifice 77.

[0044] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 mainly comprises: main and auxiliary magnetic poles 84, a coil 85, a magnetic hysteresis seat 86, an upper valve rod 87, a reset spring 88, a valve rod intermediate chamber 89, a buffer chamber 90, an inlet and return oil hole 91, a reset spring 92, super-magnetic hysteresis material 93, a limiting block 94, an oil inlet path 95, an oil return path 96, a lower end spool valve 97, a mushroom valve 98, and a low-pressure oil discharge hole 99. The coil 85 is wound around the main and auxiliary magnetic poles 84. The super-magnetic hysteresis material 93 is arranged in the through hole of the main and auxiliary magnetic poles 84. The magnetic hysteresis seat 86, the upper valve rod 87, the lower end spool valve 97, and the mushroom valve 98 are sequentially arranged below the super-magnetic hysteresis material 93. The mushroom valve 98 is located in the mushroom valve chamber. The mushroom valve reset spring 92 is arranged below the mushroom valve 98. The ammonia inlet path, the oil return path 96, and the oil inlet path 95 are arranged in the fuel injector body 37 where the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 is located. The oil return path 96 is in communication with the mushroom valve chamber. The spool valve ammonia inlet hole and the spool valve oil inlet hole are arranged in the lower end spool valve shell outside the lower end spool valve 97. The spool valve ammonia inlet hole is in communication with the ammonia inlet path. The spool valve oil inlet hole is in communication with the oil inlet path 95.

[0045] Figure 8The schematic diagram of the phase change controllable super-atomizing nozzle module 43 mainly includes: an ammonia inlet pipeline 100, an ammonia storage chamber 101, a static leakage-free cylinder 102, a needle valve body return spring 103, a gasket 104, a liquid-cooled working fluid inlet pipeline 105, a valve seat 106, a control chamber 107, a control valve stem, an upper end face of the control valve stem 108, a liquid-cooled working fluid outlet pipeline 109, a needle valve body 110, a needle valve sealing surface 111, an injection channel 112, and a nozzle body 113. Valve seat 106 is located inside nozzle body 113. Static leakage cylinder 102 and needle valve body 110 are located inside valve seat 106. The head of needle valve body 110 is located inside static leakage cylinder 102. A needle valve body return spring 103 is provided between the middle part of needle valve body 110 and static leakage cylinder 102. Ammonia storage chamber 101 is formed between static leakage cylinder 102, needle valve body 110 and valve seat 106. Liquid cooling working fluid inlet pipe 105 and liquid cooling working fluid outlet pipe 109 are formed between valve seat 106 and nozzle body 113. The bottom of needle valve body 110 and the bottom of valve seat 106 form injection channel 112. Ammonia storage chamber 101 is connected to storage chamber 68. A control chamber 107 is formed between the top of needle valve body 110 and the injector body 37 above it. The control chamber 107 is connected to oil inlet circuit.

[0046] The liquid ammonia storage tank 17 stores the system's fuel, employing a high-pressure, low-temperature storage method to ensure the ammonia fuel remains in a stable liquid state. The liquid ammonia stored in the storage tank 17 first passes through the pump ammonia system 19, where a low-pressure pump and motor 20 and a high-pressure pump and motor 21 pressurize the liquid ammonia to meet supply and combustion requirements. An overflow valve 22 and a safety valve 23 are respectively installed in the low-pressure and high-pressure loops. The overflow valve 22 in the low-pressure loop controls the delivery pressure; when the pressure is too high, excess liquid ammonia returns to the storage tank 17 through the overflow valve 22. The safety valve 23 in the high-pressure loop controls the high-pressure fuel delivery pressure; the output pressure is actively adjusted, and excess liquid ammonia returns to the storage tank 17 through the safety valve 23. For liquid ammonia, a fuel prone to phase change, a thermal management module is required. A temperature controller 24 is used to adjust the output temperature of the liquid ammonia, controlling the phase state of the ammonia fuel through both pressure and temperature. The fuel then enters the liquid ammonia storage distributor 34. A stable fuel supply is ensured through integrated control of dual valves and dual chambers. The fuel is then supplied to the ammonia inlet 28 via the storage tank 26 and control valve 27, and subsequently introduced into the liquid ammonia common rail 1. The liquid ammonia in the common rail 1 is supplied to the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 via the high-pressure oil pipe 2. Controlled by the solenoid valve within the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12, the fuel is then injected into the cylinder.

[0047] The oil tank 7 stores diesel oil for supercharging and injection control in the system. The high pressure oil pump 4 sucks fuel oil from the oil tank 7. A filter 6 is arranged between the high pressure oil pump 4 and the oil tank 7. The fuel oil is filtered through the filter 6. Then the fuel oil is delivered to the fuel common rail 9. The fuel common rail 9 is provided with a plurality of hydraulic oil outlets. Each hydraulic oil outlet is connected to the ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 through a high pressure oil pipe 11. The fuel oil is injected into the cylinder through the ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 controlled by an electromagnetic valve. Diesel oil and liquid ammonia are supplied to the ultra-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 respectively. During the operation of the system, the excess diesel oil is returned to the oil tank 7 through the oil return pipe 5. The excess liquid ammonia is returned to the liquid ammonia storage tank 17 through the ammonia return pipe 14 and the control valve 27.

[0048] The liquid ammonia fuel enters the pressure accumulation cavity 59 through the one-way ammonia inlet 35. The one-way ammonia inlet 35 functions as a one-way valve. When the liquid ammonia supply pressure is greater than the spring pre-tightening force of the one-way valve, the cone valve opens against the spring force, and the liquid ammonia is supplied into the pressure accumulation cavity 59. When the pressure of the one-way ammonia inlet 35 is small, the cone valve closes again, which also seals the liquid ammonia in the system. After the fuel enters the pressure accumulation cavity 59, it is supplied downward through the resonance block 61.

[0049] The liquid ammonia fuel enters the pressure accumulation cavity 59 through the one-way ammonia inlet 35. The one-way ammonia inlet 35 functions as a one-way valve. When the liquid ammonia supply pressure is greater than the spring pre-tightening force of the one-way valve, the cone valve opens against the spring force, and the liquid ammonia is supplied into the pressure accumulation cavity 59. When the pressure of the one-way ammonia inlet 35 is small, the cone valve closes again, which also seals the liquid ammonia in the system. After the fuel enters the pressure accumulation cavity 59, it is supplied downward through the resonance block 61. Figure 6It is known that the resonant block 61 consists of three pipelines: ammonia inlet 75, ammonia inlet 80, and ammonia outlet 83. Fuel flows into the flow restrictor from the three pipelines. Ammonia inlet 75 is the main flow channel, passing through ammonia inlet throttling orifice 76, which filters the liquid ammonia flow, before flowing into ammonia inlet chamber 78. Ammonia inlet 80 is a secondary flow channel without a throttling orifice, flowing directly into the flow restrictor after passing through ammonia inlet chamber 81 and ammonia outlet 83. Ammonia inlet throttling orifice 77 and connecting hole 82 are the main structures for achieving resonance. By changing the phase of the pressure wave fluctuation, adjusting the fluctuation frequency, and the correspondence between the peaks and troughs, the pressure wave coupling process is controllable. This is especially important in boost mode, ensuring system stability. The flow restrictor assembly is located inside the injector body 37 via accumulator chamber 59. The intermediate block 62 not only limits the overall flow-limiting valve assembly but also cooperates with the return spring 63, serving as a spring seat for the return spring 63 and limiting the maximum displacement of the flow-limiting piston 66. Under the preload of the damping spring and the ball valve return spring, the lower end face of the rhomboid sealing block 65 and the flow-limiting piston 66 engages with the upper end face of the supporting control valve seat 72. Under the spring force of the return spring, the valve seat 72 is pressed against the bottom, and the upper variable cross-section forms the seating surface of the rhomboid sealing block. Liquid ammonia flows into the intermediate cavity 70 through the resonant block 61 and flows into the flow-limiting valve through the oil inlet 64 and the resonant block ammonia inlet throttling hole 71, respectively. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, as liquid ammonia is supplied, the rhomboid sealing block 65 moves downward against the spring force. When the fuel supply exceeds the limit value, the rhomboid sealing block 65 cooperates with the valve seat 72 to achieve a seal, disconnecting the fuel supply and preventing cylinder scoring. When the fuel supply is interrupted, the rhomboid sealing block 65 quickly resets under the action of the spring force.

[0050] The liquid ammonia is supplied into the ammonia storage cavity 101 by the ammonia inlet pipeline 100, and is sprayed into the cylinder by the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 and the phase-change controllable super-atomizing nozzle module 43. In the present application, in order to ensure the precision of the fuel injector control, diesel oil is used as the servo oil, the pressure level in the control cavity 107 is adjusted, the force acting on the needle valve body 110 is changed, and thus the injection timing is controlled. The high-pressure diesel oil flows into the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 through the oil inlet pipeline 95. When not powered, the mushroom valve 98 is in a sealed state under the action of the pre-tightening force of the reset spring 88 and the reset spring 92, the electromagnetic actuator pipeline is disconnected with the oil return pipeline. The lower end valve 97 is in an open state, the diesel oil flows from the oil inlet pipeline 95 through the flow channel of the lower end valve 97 to the control cavity 107. The diesel oil passes through the inlet and return holes 91 and the buffer cavity 90, and the buffer cavity 90 is used to reduce the fuel pressure fluctuation at the control valve and to collect the leaked fuel through the pressure difference of the high-pressure contact surface structure. The fuel flows into the control cavity 107, is sealed by the no-static leakage cylinder 102 and the needle valve body 110, the pressure in the control chamber is adjusted, the force acting on the needle valve body 110 is changed, and thus the precise control of the fuel injection is realized. The specific working principle of the injection process is as follows:

[0051] When working in the non-boost mode, the boost module 36 is not powered, and the plunger 52 and the double-seal valve rod 55 are in the compressed state due to the balance of the pressures on the various surfaces of the plunger and the spring pre-tightening force of the plunger return spring 51 and the valve rod return spring 54, and the ammonia inlet channel 56 is sealed. At this time, no fuel is supplied to the boost module, and the plunger is in the reset state under the action of the spring pre-tightening force, and has no boosting function. Since the pressures on the various surfaces of the plunger are balanced at this time, the ammonia fuel in the system is stored in the pressure accumulation chamber 59 after passing through the one-way ammonia inlet 35, and flows into the flow-limiting valve through the resonance chamber. Due to the throttling effect of the resonance block 61 on the liquid ammonia, the intermediate hole 73 in the flow-limiting plunger 66 and the fuel pressure in the pressure accumulation chamber 59 are increased, and a pressure difference is formed with the pressure in the transition oil chamber, so that the flow-limiting plunger 66 and the rhombus-shaped sealing block 65 are displaced downward as a whole, and the pressure of the injection is compensated to a certain extent. The liquid ammonia passing through the flow-limiting valve is supplied to the ammonia storage chamber 101 through the pipeline. When the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 is powered on, the super-magnetic material 93 is elongated under the influence of the magnetic field, the magnetic hysteresis seat 86 presses the upper valve rod 87 to move downward, the pressure in the valve rod intermediate chamber 89 formed by the upper valve rod 87 and the lower end cone valve 97 is increased, the lower end cone valve 97 moves downward under the action of the pressure, and then the mushroom-shaped valve 98 moves downward against the elastic force of the return spring 92. At this time, the lower end of the lower end cone valve 97 is sealed by the conical surface, the oil inlet pipeline 95 is cut off, and the conical surface of the upper part of the mushroom-shaped valve 98 is sealed to open, so that the control chamber 107 is connected with the low-pressure oil drain hole, and the fuel in the control chamber 107 flows back to the oil tank through the low-pressure oil drain hole. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber 107 and the elastic force of the needle valve spring 103 is smaller than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber 101, the needle valve body 110 is lifted upward, the injection flow passage 112 is opened, and the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 starts to inject ammonia. When the super-magnetic electromagnetic control actuator 41 is powered off, the super-magnetic material 93 is shortened, the upper valve rod 87 is seated under the action of the spring force, the low-pressure oil drain hole is closed, the oil inlet pipeline 95 is opened, the control chamber 107 is re-pressurized through the inlet and outlet oil hole 91, and when the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber 107 and the elastic force of the needle valve spring 103 is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber 101, the needle valve body 110 is re-seated, and the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 stops injecting. When the super-atomized ammonia fuel injector 12 stops working, the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the flow-limiting plunger 66 gradually decreases as the liquid ammonia flows through the intermediate hole 73, and the flow-limiting plunger 66 and the rhombus-shaped sealing block 65 as a whole return to the initial position under the action of the return spring.

[0052] When working in the supercharging mode, the supercharging module 36 is powered, the coil 47 is powered, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles 46 form an electromagnetic force, the armature 52 is attracted to move upward, and the double-sealing valve rod 55 is driven to move upward, opening the ammonia inlet channel 56 and closing the ammonia return channel 48. Liquid ammonia is accumulated on the upper surface 49 of the supercharging piston, increasing the force on the upper surface, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces overcomes the spring force, causing the supercharging piston to move downward. The volume of the lower pressure storage chamber is compressed, and the pressure is increased. Both the supercharging module 36 and the giant magnetostrictive electromagnetic control actuator 41 can adopt two control modes, one being liquid ammonia supercharged liquid ammonia, and the other being diesel supercharged liquid ammonia. In the supercharging module, the intermediate chamber 50 can be used as a supercharging oil leakage collection chamber, and fuel can also seal the liquid ammonia. The supercharged liquid ammonia flows into the flow limiting valve through the resonance chamber. The liquid ammonia passing through the flow limiting valve is supplied to the storage chamber 68 through the pipeline. When the giant magnetostrictive electromagnetic control actuator 41 is powered, the giant magnetostrictive material 93 is elongated, the magnetic hysteresis seat 86 presses the upper valve rod 87 to move downward, and the mushroom-shaped valve 98 moves downward against the elastic force of the return spring 92. At this time, the lower conical surface of the lower end valve 97 is sealed, so that the oil inlet pipeline 95 is cut off, and the conical surface of the upper part of the mushroom-shaped valve 98 is sealed to open, so that the control chamber 107 is connected with the oil return pipeline 96, and the fuel in the control chamber 107 flows back to the oil tank through the oil return pipeline 96. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber 107 and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring 103 is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber 101, the needle valve 110 is lifted upward, the injection hole 112 is opened, and the injector starts to spray ammonia. In the supercharging mode, the injection pressure and injection rate of fuel injection are affected by the supercharging mode, and the cycle-to-cycle injection can be controlled. When the giant magnetostrictive electromagnetic control actuator 41 is powered off, the magnetic field is lost, the giant magnetostrictive material 93 is shortened, the valve rod 87 is seated under the action of the spring force, the control chamber 107 is re-pressurized through the inlet and return oil hole 91, and when the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber 107 and the elastic force of the needle valve body return spring 103 is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber 101, the needle valve 110 is re-seated, and the injector stops spraying.

[0053] Figure 9 、 10 The designed super-atomized nozzle adopts an inner cone structure to achieve multi-layer sealing. At the same time, nearly a hundred injection holes are used to ensure sufficient atomization of fuel from the structural point of view. The fuel and air are fully mixed and completely combusted.

[0054] As known from the above description, the application realizes safe storage of liquid ammonia by taking the low-pressure storage tank as a medium. By changing the phase of pressure wave fluctuation, adjusting the fluctuation frequency, and the corresponding relationship between the wave crest and the wave trough, controllability of the pressure wave coupling process is realized. High-pressure liquid ammonia fuel is injected into the cylinder to realize full combustion. At the same time, the injection process is combined with the thermal management design to adjust and control the phase change of ammonia fuel from two aspects of pressure and temperature. The form of double valve control is adopted to realize variable cycle of the liquid ammonia injection process, so that the injection amount and injection timing are more accurate and flexible. The application can adopt two control modes, one is the form of liquid ammonia pressurization, and the other is the form of diesel pressurization. In the pressurization mode, the injection pressure and injection rate of the fuel injection are affected by the pressurization mode, and the injection controllability between cycles can be realized. The resonance block adjustment system is adopted to adjust the pressure fluctuation in the system, the phase of pressure wave fluctuation is changed, the fluctuation frequency is adjusted, and the corresponding relationship between the wave crest and the wave trough is adjusted, so that the controllability of the pressure wave coupling process is realized. At the same time, the flow restrictor is designed to prevent abnormal injection.

[0055] The principles and implementation manners of the application are described in the specification by using specific examples, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel, characterized in that: The system includes an injector, a liquid ammonia common rail, a fuel common rail, a fuel tank, a liquid ammonia storage tank, an ammonia pumping system, a distribution system, and an ammonia inlet / outlet system. The fuel common rail is connected to the injector and the fuel tank. The ammonia pumping system includes a liquid ammonia storage distributor, a low-pressure pump, and a high-pressure pump. The distribution system includes a storage tank, an ammonia inlet control valve, a safety valve, and an ammonia outlet control valve. The outlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is sequentially connected to the low-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump, the liquid ammonia storage distributor, the storage tank, and the ammonia inlet control valve. The ammonia inlet control valve is connected to the liquid ammonia common rail via an ammonia inlet pipe. The inlet of the liquid ammonia storage tank is sequentially connected to a return ammonia control valve and a safety valve. The safety valve is connected to the injector via a return ammonia pipe. The injector is a super-atomizing ammonia fuel injector, which includes an injector body, a booster module, a pressure accumulator resonance current limiting module, a super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator, and a phase change controllable super-atomizing nozzle module. The injector body is provided with a one-way ammonia inlet. The booster module, the pressure accumulator resonance current limiting module, and the super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator are all located inside the injector body and are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The phase change controllable super-atomizing nozzle module is located below the super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator. The booster module includes a magnetic yoke, main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a booster piston, an armature, a limiting block, a double-sealed valve stem, an upper valve stem seat, and a lower valve stem seat. The armature is fitted onto the top of the double-sealed valve stem. A return spring is provided between the magnetic yoke and the armature. The main and auxiliary magnetic poles are located outside the return spring and are wound with coils. The middle part of the double-sealed valve stem is located in the upper valve stem seat, and the bottom of the double-sealed valve stem is located in the lower valve stem seat. A valve stem return spring is fitted onto the middle part of the double-sealed valve stem. A double-sealed protrusion is provided between the middle and bottom of the double-sealed valve stem. Sealing surfaces are provided on the surfaces of the upper valve stem seat, the lower valve stem seat, and the double-sealed valve stem. The booster piston is located below the lower valve stem seat. A booster piston return spring is fitted onto the outside of the booster piston. A connecting ammonia return channel and an intermediate pipeline are provided in the upper valve stem seat. An ammonia inlet channel is provided in the lower valve stem seat. The space where the double-sealed protrusion is located in the lower valve stem seat is a connecting space, and the connecting space is connected to the intermediate pipeline. The accumulator resonance current limiting module includes a resonant block, an intermediate block, a rhomboid sealing block, a current limiting piston, and a valve seat. An accumulator chamber is provided in the injector body below the booster piston. A liquid cooling pipe inlet is provided on the injector body, and the liquid cooling pipe inlet is connected to the accumulator chamber. The resonant block, the intermediate block, the rhomboid sealing block, and the valve seat are arranged sequentially below the accumulator chamber. The current limiting piston is provided in the valve seat. An intermediate block return spring is provided in the intermediate block. An oil inlet hole and a resonator block ammonia inlet throttling hole are respectively provided at the bottom of the intermediate block. The rhomboid sealing block is located above the current limiting piston. An intermediate hole is provided in the current limiting piston. A current limiting piston return spring is provided below the current limiting piston. A storage chamber is provided below the current limiting piston return spring. The resonant block is provided with a first ammonia inlet path, a second ammonia inlet path, a first ammonia inlet chamber, a second ammonia inlet chamber, a first ammonia outlet path, and a second ammonia outlet path. The first ammonia inlet chamber is connected to both the first ammonia inlet path and the first ammonia outlet path. The second ammonia inlet chamber is connected to both the second ammonia inlet path and the second ammonia outlet path. The first ammonia inlet chamber and the second ammonia inlet chamber are connected through a connecting hole. The first ammonia inlet chamber is connected to the first ammonia inlet path through a first ammonia inlet throttling hole. The first ammonia inlet chamber is connected to the accumulator chamber through the second ammonia inlet throttling hole.

2. The high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator includes main and auxiliary magnetic poles, a hysteresis seat, an upper valve stem, a lower cone valve, and a mushroom valve. A coil is wound inside the main and auxiliary magnetic poles, and super hysteresis material is placed inside the through holes of the main and auxiliary magnetic poles. Below the super hysteresis material, the hysteresis seat, the upper valve stem, the lower cone valve, and the mushroom valve are arranged sequentially. The mushroom valve is located inside the mushroom valve cavity, and a mushroom valve return spring is arranged below the mushroom valve. The injector body containing the super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator has an ammonia inlet pipe, a return oil pipe, and an oil inlet pipe. The return oil pipe connects to the mushroom valve cavity. The lower cone valve housing outside the lower cone valve has an ammonia inlet port and an oil inlet port. The ammonia inlet port connects to the ammonia inlet pipe, and the oil inlet port connects to the oil inlet pipe.

3. The high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change controllable super-atomizing nozzle module includes a nozzle body, a valve seat, a static leakage-free cylinder, a needle valve body, and a control valve stem. The valve seat is located inside the nozzle body. The static leakage-free cylinder and the needle valve body are located inside the valve seat. The head of the needle valve body is located inside the static leakage-free cylinder. A needle valve body return spring is provided between the middle part of the needle valve body and the static leakage-free cylinder. An ammonia storage chamber is formed between the static leakage-free cylinder, the needle valve body, and the valve seat. A liquid-cooled working fluid inlet pipe and a liquid-cooled working fluid outlet pipe are formed between the valve seat and the nozzle body. A jet flow channel is formed between the bottom of the needle valve body and the bottom of the valve seat. The ammonia storage chamber is connected to the storage chamber. A control chamber is formed between the top of the needle valve body and the injector body above it. The control chamber is connected to the oil inlet circuit.

4. A method for operating the high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: In the non-pressurization mode, the pressurization module is not energized. Because the pressure on all surfaces of the pressurization piston is balanced, the ammonia fuel, after passing through the one-way ammonia inlet, is stored in the accumulator chamber. The flow-limiting piston and the diamond-shaped sealing block move downwards as a whole. When the super-hysteresis electromagnetic actuator is energized, the super-hysteresis material elongates, and the hysteresis seat presses the upper valve stem downwards, increasing the pressure in the valve stem cavity formed by the upper valve stem and the lower cone valve. The lower cone valve moves downwards under pressure, and consequently, the mushroom valve overcomes the spring force of the mushroom valve's return spring and moves downwards. At this point, the cone surface at the lower end of the lower cone valve seals, cutting off the ammonia inlet pipeline. Simultaneously, the conical seal on the upper part of the mushroom valve opens, and the fuel in the control chamber flows back into the oil tank through the low-pressure drain hole. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber and the spring force of the needle valve body return spring is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber, the needle valve body lifts up, and the injection channel opens. When the super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator is de-energized, the super magnetostrictive material shortens, and the upper valve stem sits down under the action of the spring force, opening the ammonia inlet pipeline. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber and the spring force of the needle valve body return spring is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber, the needle valve body sits down again, and the flow-limiting piston and the diamond-shaped sealing block return to their initial positions.

5. The operating method of the high-pressure common rail injection system for ultra-atomized ammonia fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a pressurization mode. When the pressurization module is energized, the main and auxiliary magnetic poles generate electromagnetic force, attracting the armature to move upward, which in turn drives the double-sealed valve stem upward, opening the ammonia inlet channel and closing the ammonia return channel. The pressurization piston moves downward, and the pressurized liquid ammonia is supplied to the storage chamber. When the super hysteresis electromagnetic control actuator is energized, the super hysteresis material elongates, and the hysteresis seat presses the upper valve stem downward. This causes the mushroom valve to overcome the elastic force of the mushroom valve return spring and move downward. At this time, the lower cone valve's lower cone surface seals, cutting off the ammonia inlet pipeline, while the upper cone surface seal of the mushroom valve opens. The control chamber is connected to the return oil passage. The fuel in the control chamber flows back to the oil tank through the return oil passage. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber and the spring force of the needle valve body return spring is less than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber, the needle valve body lifts up and the injection channel opens. When the accumulator resonance current limiting module is de-energized, the super hysteresis material shortens and the upper valve stem sits down under the action of the spring force. The control chamber is re-pressurized through the oil inlet passage. When the combined force of the pressure in the control chamber and the spring force of the needle valve body return spring is greater than the upward hydraulic pressure in the ammonia storage chamber, the needle valve body sits down again.

Images