A high-safety lithium power battery with CID and built-in PTC

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-safety lithium-ion power battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC, belonging to the technical field of lithium-ion power batteries. It mainly addresses the problem of the lack of protective structure in existing products and proposes the following technical solution, including a battery body composed of a shell, a winding core, a positive electrode component and a negative electrode component, wherein the positive electrode component and the negative electrode component are respectively arranged at the two end positions of the shell and form a conductive path, and the positive electrode component includes a positive bus bar arranged inside the shell, and a positive electrode lower top plate, a positive electrode upper support plate and a positive electrode plastic separator are arranged above the positive bus bar in sequence, wherein a CID component is installed on the positive electrode upper support plate, and a positive electrode column and an explosion-proof valve are installed on the positive electrode upper cover plate. The present invention can effectively improve the safety and stability of lithium-ion power batteries in situations such as short circuit, overcurrent and overcharge by jointly setting a PTC sheet and a CID component, thereby reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion and explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion power batteries, and in particular to a high-safety lithium power battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries currently dominate the energy vehicle battery market. Amidst the fierce competition in the new energy battery market, high-performance cylindrical lithium-ion batteries have emerged as a clear winner. Their environmental friendliness, long lifespan, high energy density, and low cost have earned them widespread recognition. Furthermore, battery safety has become a key consideration for manufacturers.

[0003] Safety issues with lithium-ion batteries are generally caused by both internal and human factors, including leakage, spontaneous combustion, and even explosion. Impurities, moisture, and other process defects within the battery can cause defects, resulting in a short circuit and continuous heat release. If heat cannot be stopped or dissipated, the battery may spontaneously combust or explode. Excessive charging and discharging, as well as severe impacts and other human factors, can cause abnormal currents within the battery. These high currents increase the battery temperature and internal pressure, leading to bulging, deformation, and even explosion.

[0004] Therefore, how to process lithium-ion power batteries is a technical problem that those skilled in the art currently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a high-safety lithium power battery with a CID and a built-in PTC.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-safety lithium-powered battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC, comprising a battery body consisting of a housing, a winding core, a positive electrode component, and a negative electrode component. The positive electrode component and the negative electrode component are respectively arranged at the two ends of the housing to form a conductive path. The positive electrode component includes a positive bus bar arranged inside the housing, and a positive electrode lower top plate, a positive electrode upper support plate, and a positive electrode plastic separator are sequentially arranged above the positive bus bar. The CID component is installed on the positive electrode upper support plate, and the positive electrode column and explosion-proof valve are installed on the positive electrode upper cover plate.

[0007] The negative electrode component includes a negative electrode bus bar arranged inside the shell, and a negative electrode lower conductive sheet, a PTC sheet, a negative electrode upper conductive sheet, a negative electrode plastic separator and a negative electrode upper cover plate are arranged in sequence below the negative electrode bus bar, wherein a negative electrode column is installed on the negative electrode upper cover plate.

[0008] Preferably, the winding core is arranged inside the shell, and two ends of the winding core are respectively connected to the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar.

[0009] Preferably, a hole is opened at the center of the positive electrode upper cover plate, the positive electrode column is arranged in the hole, and a positive electrode sealing ring for insulation is provided in the positive electrode column. The bottom end of the positive electrode column passes through the positive electrode plastic separator and is connected to the positive electrode upper support plate.

[0010] Preferably, a slot and a through hole are provided on the side of the hole, the slot is located directly above the CID component, and the explosion-proof valve is provided in the through hole.

[0011] Preferably, a connection hole is opened at the center of the negative electrode upper cover plate, the negative electrode column is arranged in the connection hole, and the top of the negative electrode column passes through the negative electrode plastic separator and contacts the negative electrode upper conductive sheet to form a conductive path.

[0012] Preferably, a negative electrode sealing ring for insulation is provided in the connection hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0014] By combining the PTC chip with the CID component, the safety and stability of lithium-powered batteries in situations such as short circuit, overcurrent, and overcharge can be effectively improved, and the risk of spontaneous combustion and explosion can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention is provided;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1. battery body; 11. shell; 12. winding core; 13. positive electrode component; 131. positive electrode bus bar; 132. positive electrode lower top plate; 133. positive electrode upper support plate; 134. CID component; 135. positive electrode plastic separator; 136. positive electrode upper cover plate; 137. positive electrode column; 138. explosion-proof valve; 14. negative electrode component; 141. negative electrode bus bar; 142. negative electrode lower conductive sheet; 143. PTC sheet; 144. negative electrode upper conductive sheet; 145. negative electrode plastic separator; 146. negative electrode upper cover plate; 147. negative electrode column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1-2As shown, the present invention proposes a high-safety lithium-powered battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC, comprising a battery body 1 consisting of a shell 11, a winding core 12, a positive electrode component 13 and a negative electrode component 14. The positive electrode component 13 and the negative electrode component 14 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the shell 11 and form a conductive path. The positive electrode component 13 includes a positive bus bar 131 arranged inside the shell 11. Above the positive bus bar 131 are arranged in sequence a positive lower top plate 132, a positive upper support plate 133 and a positive plastic separator 135. Among them, a CID component 134 is installed on the positive upper support plate 133, and a positive column 137 and an explosion-proof valve 138 are installed on the positive upper cover plate 136.

[0021] The negative electrode component 14 includes a negative busbar 141 disposed within the housing 11. Below the negative busbar 141 are sequentially arranged a negative lower conductive sheet 142, a PTC sheet 143, a negative upper conductive sheet 144, a negative plastic separator 145, and a negative upper cover 146. A negative electrode post 147 is mounted on the negative upper cover 146.

[0022] In this embodiment, the PTC sheet 143 is a thermosensitive polymer material with low resistance and excellent conductivity. It is made of nickel-plated copper foil welded on both sides and compacted to form a thin sheet with a thickness between 0.1 and 3 mm. The PTC sheet 143 designed in this invention has a withstand voltage of 4-5V and a maximum current of 200A. Abnormal temperature changes within the battery body 1 are the key to the activation of the PTC sheet 143.

[0023] In this embodiment, CID 134 functions as a circuit breaker under normal circumstances. When subjected to high internal pressure within the battery body 1, it acts as a current interrupter, reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion and explosion. The present invention utilizes PTC sheet 143 in conjunction with CID 134 to protect the battery body 1, significantly improving the safety of the battery body 1.

[0024] The operating principle of a high-safety lithium-ion power battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC according to Example 1 is as follows: When the battery body 1 is operating normally, the maximum current does not exceed 80A. At this time, the resistance of the PTC sheet 143 is extremely low, between 0.1-0.5mΩ. The low power consumption does not affect the normal use of the battery body 1. If the current increases abnormally to an operating current of 100A-160A, the PTC sheet 143 will activate, rapidly heating to a temperature within the range of 90-120°C. Its resistance also increases sharply, reducing the current in the circuit by more than ten times, thereby effectively protecting the battery body 1. After the battery circuit fault is eliminated, the PTC sheet 143 quickly cools down and returns to a low resistance level (approximately 0.3-0.5mΩ), allowing the battery body to be used again.

[0025] CID 134 serves as a second line of defense for battery body 1, with a set flipping pressure of 5-15 kg. If the battery body 1 fault persists and internal pressure continues to rise to within the 5-15 kg range, CID 134 will automatically flip upward and disconnect from the center, severing contact with the busbar. This disconnects the battery body 1, and internal reactions cease. Furthermore, disconnecting CID 134 releases internal pressure, preventing further danger. The bursting pressure of CID 134 is lower than that of explosion-proof valve 138, so it explodes before explosion-proof valve 138, providing dual protection.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the first embodiment, this embodiment further includes: the winding core 12 is arranged inside the shell 11, and the two ends of the winding core 12 are respectively connected to the positive bus bar 131 and the negative bus bar 141. A hole is provided at the center of the positive upper cover plate 136, and the positive pole column 137 is provided in the hole, and a positive pole sealing ring for insulation is provided in the positive pole column 137. The bottom end of the positive pole column 137 passes through the positive pole plastic separator 135 and is connected to the positive pole upper support plate 133. The side of the hole is provided with a slot and a through hole located on the positive upper cover plate 136. The slot is located directly above the CID component 134, and the explosion-proof valve 138 is provided in the through hole.

[0028] In this embodiment, the positive electrode upper cover plate 136 and the positive electrode upper support plate 133 are insulated by a positive electrode plastic separator 135. At the same time, the positive electrode plastic separator 135 extends downward to block the contact between the positive electrode upper support plate 133 and the positive electrode lower top plate 132 and the housing 11.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above-mentioned first or second embodiment, this embodiment further includes: a connection hole is opened at the center of the negative electrode upper cover plate 146, and a negative electrode column 147 is disposed in the connection hole. The top of the negative electrode column 147 passes through the negative electrode plastic separator 145 and contacts the negative electrode upper conductive sheet 144, forming a conductive path. A negative electrode sealing ring is disposed in the connection hole for insulation.

[0031] In this embodiment, the negative electrode upper conductive sheet 144 and the negative electrode upper cover plate 146 are insulated by a negative electrode plastic separator 145, and the negative electrode plastic separator 145 extends upward for a circle, thereby preventing the negative electrode upper conductive sheet 144, the negative electrode lower conductive sheet 142 and the peripheral wall of the PTC sheet 143 from contacting the inner wall of the shell 11.

[0032] The above specific embodiments are only several preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A high-safety lithium power battery equipped with a CID and a built-in PTC, comprising a battery body (1) consisting of a housing (11), a winding core (12), a positive electrode component (13) and a negative electrode component (14), characterized in that: The positive electrode component (13) and the negative electrode component (14) are respectively arranged at the two end positions of the shell (11) and form a conductive path. The positive electrode component (13) includes a positive electrode bus bar (131) arranged inside the shell (11). A positive electrode lower top plate (132), a positive electrode upper support plate (133) and a positive electrode plastic separator (135) are sequentially arranged above the positive electrode bus bar (131). A CID component (134) is installed on the positive electrode upper support plate (133), and a positive electrode column (137) and an explosion-proof valve (138) are installed on the positive electrode upper cover plate (136). The negative electrode component (14) includes a negative electrode bus bar (141) disposed inside the housing (11), and a negative electrode lower conductive sheet (142), a PTC sheet (143), a negative electrode upper conductive sheet (144), a negative electrode plastic separator (145), and a negative electrode upper cover (146) are sequentially disposed below the negative electrode bus bar (141), wherein a negative electrode column (147) is mounted on the negative electrode upper cover (146); The winding core (12) is arranged inside the shell (11), and two ends of the winding core (12) are respectively connected to the positive electrode bus bar (131) and the negative electrode bus bar (141); A hole is provided at the center of the positive electrode upper cover plate (136), the positive electrode column (137) is arranged in the hole, and a positive electrode sealing ring for insulation is provided in the positive electrode column (137), the bottom end of the positive electrode column (137) passes through the positive electrode plastic separator (135) and is connected to the positive electrode upper support plate (133); A slotted hole and a through hole are provided on the side of the hole and are located on the positive electrode upper cover plate (136). The slotted hole is located directly above the CID component (134), and the explosion-proof valve (138) is provided in the through hole.

2. A high-safety lithium power battery with a CID and a built-in PTC according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection hole is provided at the center of the negative electrode upper cover plate (146), and the negative electrode column (147) is arranged in the connection hole. The top of the negative electrode column (147) passes through the negative electrode plastic separator (145) and contacts the negative electrode upper conductive sheet (144) to form a conductive path.

3. A high-safety lithium power battery with a CID and a built-in PTC according to claim 2, characterized in that: A negative electrode sealing ring for insulation is provided in the connecting hole.

Images