Filtering device and filtering system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of dust-containing gas purification, and discloses a filtering device and a filtering system. The filtering device comprises a filtering element (10) with a first inlet (11) and a first outlet (12), and a rotating mechanism (20) coaxially arranged in the filtering element. A porous filtering layer is formed on the side wall of the filtering element (10), and the rotating mechanism (20) is arranged to be capable of rotating under the action of dust-containing gas entering into the filtering element (10) from the first inlet (11), and to make dust particles separated from the dust-containing gas discharged from the first outlet (12) and clean gas separated from the porous filtering layer discharged. The filtering device realizes simultaneous filtering and regeneration, is simple to operate, improves filtering efficiency, enhances the reliability and availability of the system, and is favorable for improving the scale and intensification of the dust removal system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust-laden gas purification technology, specifically to a filtration device. Furthermore, it relates to a filtration system. Background Technology

[0002] Filtration-type dust collection at both ambient and low temperatures is widely used in various industrial processes. In industries such as chemical, energy, and building materials, cyclone dust collectors or baghouse dust collectors are typically used for gas-solid two-phase separation. The dust collection mechanism of a cyclone dust collector involves rotating the dust-laden airflow, using centrifugal force to separate dust particles from the airflow and collect them on the collector wall, then allowing gravity to cause the dust particles to fall into the ash hopper. A baghouse dust collector is a dry dust collection device suitable for collecting fine, dry, non-fibrous dust. The filter bags are made of woven filter cloth or non-woven felt, utilizing the filtration effect of the fibrous fabric to filter the dust-laden gas. When the dust-laden gas enters the baghouse dust collector, larger, heavier dust particles settle due to gravity and fall into the ash hopper, while the gas containing finer dust particles is purified by trapping the dust as it passes through the filter media. However, cyclone dust collectors have low dust removal efficiency, and baghouse dust collectors are limited by the technology and materials themselves and can only be used below 260°C.

[0003] Furthermore, high-temperature dust removal technologies developed and applied in countries such as the United States and Germany utilize high-pressure backflushing gas to intermittently backflush and clean the filter elements, regenerating the entire filtration system. When one or a group of filter elements is backflushed by high-pressure gas, the remaining elements (groups) remain in a filtering state. Then, the backflushed element (group) participates in the filtration operation, and the next element group is backflushed, and so on, with each element group being backflushed and regenerated in one cycle. In this filtration system, in addition to high-temperature resistant filter elements, a dedicated high-pressure gas source unit, multiple sets of backflushing valve combinations, a logic control system, and other devices are required. The backflushing valves have high requirements, needing rapid opening / closing characteristics, with switching actions completed within 50-200 milliseconds. The valves are costly and require significant maintenance, impacting the system's reliability and availability. The backflushing gas source needs to be higher than the process pressure; some processes require backflushing gas pressure twice the process pressure, increasing the complexity of the gas source system and power consumption. The complexity of backflushing facilities limits the large-scale application of medium- and high-temperature dust removal systems. Organizing and managing the backflushing operation of hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of filter elements (sets) presents practical difficulties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a filtration device that has the advantage of being able to perform filtration and regeneration simultaneously.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a filtration device, which includes a filter element having a first inlet and a first outlet, and a rotating mechanism coaxially disposed inside the filter element. A porous filter layer is formed on the side wall of the filter element. The rotating mechanism is configured to rotate under the action of dust-laden gas introduced into the filter element through the first inlet, so that dust particles separated by the dust-laden gas are discharged from the first outlet, and clean gas separated from the filter element is discharged from the porous filter layer.

[0006] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes a central shaft, and the outer surface of the central shaft is provided with helical blades.

[0007] Optionally, a set of vortex blades located above the helical blades is connected to the central shaft.

[0008] Optionally, the pitch of the helical blades gradually increases from the first inlet to the first outlet.

[0009] Optionally, the cross-section of the lower end of the central shaft gradually decreases, and the hardness of the lower end is greater than that of the rest of the central shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the filtration device includes a limiting member connected to the filtration element and a support member with a groove, the limiting member being spaced out on the outside of the central shaft to restrict the radial movement of the central shaft, the bottom of the central shaft being supported at the groove of the support member.

[0011] Optionally, the central shaft includes a first gradually expanding portion near the first inlet and a first equal diameter portion connected to the first gradually expanding portion; the filter element includes a second gradually expanding portion near the first inlet and a second equal diameter portion connected to the second gradually expanding portion.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes a central shaft, and a plurality of scroll blades are arranged on the outer surface of the central shaft.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides a filtration system comprising a housing and a plurality of the above-described filtration devices, the filtration devices being disposed inside the housing, and the housing having a second inlet for introducing the dust-laden gas, a second outlet for discharging the dust particles, and a gas outlet for discharging the clean gas.

[0014] Optionally, the filtration system includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, with both ends of the filtration device being sealed to the interior of the housing via the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, respectively, and the gas outlet being disposed between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, when dust-laden gas enters the filter element from the first inlet, the rotating mechanism is driven to rotate, thus changing the flow direction of the gas. Under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element, a portion of the dust-laden gas passes through the porous filter layer, where dust particles are physically blocked and adhere to the inner surface of the filter element, while clean gas is discharged from the porous filter layer. The remaining dust-laden gas continues to rotate downwards along the spiral blades, continuously flushing the inner surface of the filter element with the gas inside, causing the dust particles just adhering to the inner surface to be flushed out to the first outlet, achieving separation of dust particles and clean gas. This filtration device achieves simultaneous filtration and regeneration, is simple to operate, improves filtration efficiency, enhances system reliability and availability, and is conducive to improving the scale and intensification of dust removal systems. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the filtration device in this invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the filter unit;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure in this invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the filtration system in this invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0021] 10-Filter element; 11-First inlet; 12-First outlet; 20-Rotating mechanism; 21-Central shaft; 22-Helical blade; 23-Vortex blade assembly; 30-Limiting component; 40-Support component; 50-Housing; 51-Second inlet; 52-Second outlet; 53-Gas outlet; 54-Upper tube sheet; 55-Lower tube sheet; 60-Filtering device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the attached diagram. Figure 1 The directions shown, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer parts relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a filtration device, which includes a filter element 10 having a first inlet 11 and a first outlet 12, and a rotating mechanism 20 coaxially disposed inside the filter element 10. A porous filter layer is formed on the side wall of the filter element 10. The rotating mechanism 20 is configured to rotate under the action of dust-laden gas introduced into the filter element 10 through the first inlet 11, so that the dust particles separated by the dust-laden gas are discharged from the first outlet 12, and the separated clean gas is discharged from the porous filter layer.

[0025] When the dust-laden gas enters the filter element 10 through the first inlet 11, the rotating mechanism 20 is driven to rotate by the dust-laden gas due to its driving force. This changes the flow direction of the dust-laden gas. Under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element 10, a portion of the dust-laden gas passes through the porous filter layer, where dust particles are physically blocked by the porous filter layer and adhere to the inner surface of the filter element 10. Clean gas is discharged from the porous filter layer of the filter element 10. The remaining dust-laden gas continues to rotate downwards along the spiral blades 22, causing the gas inside the filter element 10 to continuously flush the inner surface of the filter element 10. This flushes the dust particles that have just adhered to the inner surface of the filter element 10 to the first outlet 12, achieving the separation of dust particles and clean gas. This filtration device achieves simultaneous filtration and regeneration, is simple to operate, improves filtration efficiency, enhances the reliability and availability of the system, and is conducive to improving the scale and intensification of dust removal systems.

[0026] Continue to refer to Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotating mechanism 20 includes a central shaft 21, and helical blades 22 are disposed on the outer surface of the central shaft 21. It is understood that the helical blades 22 are continuous blades, and the maximum radial profile dimension of the helical blades 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the filter element 10. Further, a vortex-shaped blade assembly 23 located above the helical blades 22 is connected to the central shaft 21. Specifically, when the dust-laden gas enters the filter element 10 from the first inlet 11, the dust-laden gas first contacts the vortex-shaped blade assembly 23. Under the impact force of the airflow of the dust-laden gas, the vortex-shaped blade assembly 23 drives the rotating mechanism 20 to rotate as a whole. After the dust-laden gas leaves the vortex-shaped blade assembly 23, the gas inside the filter element 10 continues to flow in a spiral pattern between the helical blades 22. This gas still has the force to impact the helical blades 22, and this force also participates in driving the rotating mechanism 20 to rotate. At the same time, the rotating gas has a tangential scouring effect on the inner surface of the filter element 10, causing the dust particles that have just adhered to the inner surface to be washed away. Furthermore, since the overall airflow direction of the dust-laden gas is from top to bottom, the dust particles separated by the filter element 10 flow downwards with the airflow until they reach the first outlet 12 at the bottom of the filter element 10. It can be understood that the vortex direction of the vortex-shaped blade assembly 23 is the same as the helical direction of the spiral blade 22.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the pitch of the helical blades 22 gradually increases from the first inlet 11 to the first outlet 12. Specifically, the pitch of the helical blades 22 in the upper section of the rotating mechanism 20 is smaller, resulting in a smaller cross-sectional area for the dust-laden gas flow and an increased gas velocity. This increases the radial / tangential force acting on the helical blades, allowing for a higher rotational speed or a smaller gas flow rate at the same gas flow rate. The helical blades can change the airflow direction of the dust-laden gas, transforming it from a direction parallel to the central axis 21 to a direction approximately perpendicular to the central axis 21. Furthermore, the dust-laden gas has a higher velocity when entering the filter element 10, resulting in a larger tangential scouring force on the inner surface of the porous filter layer. In addition, when the dust-laden gas flows to the lower section of the rotating mechanism 20, most of the dust-laden gas has already passed through the porous filter layer and been discharged. The flow rate of the dust-laden gas is relatively slow and the dust concentration is higher. Under the action of the spiral blades, it is guided to the first outlet 12 for discharge. Even if the pitch of the spiral blades 22 in the lower section of the rotating mechanism 20 is set to be small, it cannot generate a large tangential force. Therefore, the spiral blades 22 in the lower section of the rotating mechanism 20 are set to a larger pitch to reduce the overall weight of the rotating mechanism 20, thereby reducing the minimum initial gas volume required to drive the rotating mechanism 20 to rotate, making it easier to rotate, and the pressure drop generated by the dust-laden gas passing through the filter element 10 is smaller.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the central shaft 21 includes a first gradually expanding portion near the first inlet 11 and a first equal-diameter portion connected to the first gradually expanding portion; the filter element 10 includes a second gradually expanding portion near the first inlet 11 and a second equal-diameter portion connected to the second gradually expanding portion. Specifically, the thickness of the porous filter layer remains constant, a conical first gas flow channel is formed between the first and second gradually expanding portions, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first gas flow channel is set to gradually increase along the direction from the first inlet 11 to the first outlet 12; an annular second gas flow channel is formed between the first and second equal-diameter portions, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the second gas flow channel is equal to the maximum value of the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first gas flow channel. Further, the flow rate is the product of the flow velocity and the flow cross-sectional area. Therefore, under the premise of the same flow rate, setting a smaller flow cross-sectional area near the first inlet 11 can increase the flow velocity of the dust-laden gas, so that the dust-laden gas obtains a larger tangential force acting on the rotating mechanism 20, thereby enabling the rotating mechanism 20 to obtain a larger rotational speed. In addition, after the gas has flowed a certain distance, most of the dust-laden gas has already passed through the porous filter layer and been discharged. The flow rate of the dust-laden gas is relatively slow, so there is no need to increase the flow rate by reducing the flow cross-sectional area. Therefore, after the first gas flow channel, a second gas flow channel with a larger flow cross-sectional area is set up to increase the volume of dust-laden gas filtered per unit time.

[0029] It is understood that the filtration device may include a power system, which is configured to output torque to the rotating mechanism 20, thereby creating a low pressure near the first inlet 11, drawing dust-laden gas into the filter element 10, increasing the flow rate when the flow rate of the dust-laden gas is low, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the dust-laden gas, and further enabling the dust-laden gas to obtain a larger tangential force, effectively separating dust particles from the dust-laden gas.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vortex blade groups may be arranged on the outer surface of the central shaft 21. In this embodiment, when dust-laden gas enters the filter element 10 from the first inlet 11, the rotating mechanism 20 can also be rotated rapidly.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the cross-section of the lower end of the central shaft 21 gradually decreases, and the hardness of the lower end is greater than that of the rest of the central shaft 21. Furthermore, the filtration device includes a limiting member 30 connected to the filter element 10 and a support member 40 with a groove. The limiting member 30 is intermittently fitted onto the outside of the central shaft 21 to restrict the radial movement of the central shaft 21, and the bottom of the central shaft 21 is supported at the groove of the support member 40. Specifically, the lower end of the central shaft 21 is supported at the groove of the support member 40. Since the lower end continuously rotates and rubs against the groove of the support member 40, to reduce wear between the lower end and the support member 40, both the lower end and the support member 40 are made of wear-resistant hard materials, such as tungsten steel, high manganese alloy, chromium alloy cast iron, or multi-alloy steel.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, another aspect of the present invention provides a filtration system, the filtration system including a housing 50 and a plurality of the aforementioned filtration devices 60, the filtration devices 60 being disposed inside the housing 50, the housing 50 having a second inlet 51 for introducing the dust-laden gas, a second outlet 52 for discharging the dust particles, and a gas outlet 53 for discharging the clean gas.

[0033] Specifically, the filtration system includes an upper tube sheet 54 and a lower tube sheet 55. Both ends of the filter device 60 are sealed to the interior of the housing 50 via the upper tube sheet 54 and the lower tube sheet 55, respectively. The gas outlet 53 is located between the upper tube sheet 54 and the lower tube sheet 55. The space between the upper part of the upper tube sheet 54 and the housing 50 is for the entry and distribution of dust-laden gas. The space between the upper tube sheet 54 and the lower tube sheet 55 is used to collect clean gas filtered from each filter element 10. The space between the lower part of the lower tube sheet 55 and the housing 50 is a dust particle collection space. The dust particles leaving the filter element 10 have a high concentration. Collisions between dust particles cause agglomeration, and finally, the dust particles settle to the bottom of the housing 50 and are discharged from the second outlet 52. It is understood that a valve can be installed on the second inlet 51 to control the flow of the filtration system. The valve can be a flow regulating valve to adjust the flow rate of dust-laden gas entering the second inlet 51.

[0034] Furthermore, this filtration system has the same advantages over the prior art as the aforementioned filtration device 60, which will not be repeated here.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtration system, characterized in that, The filtration system includes a housing (50) and a plurality of filter devices (60), the filter devices (60) being disposed inside the housing (50), and the housing (50) having a second inlet (51) for introducing dust-laden gas, a second outlet (52) for discharging dust particles, and a gas outlet (53) for discharging clean gas. The filtration device includes a filter element (10) having a first inlet (11) and a first outlet (12), and a rotating mechanism (20) coaxially disposed inside the filter element (10). A porous filter layer is formed on the side wall of the filter element (10). The rotating mechanism (20) is configured to rotate under the action of dust-laden gas introduced into the filter element (10) through the first inlet (11), so that the dust particles separated by the dust-laden gas are discharged from the first outlet (12), and the separated clean gas is discharged from the porous filter layer. The rotating mechanism (20) includes a central shaft (21), and a spiral blade (22) is provided on the outer surface of the central shaft (21); a vortex blade group (23) located above the spiral blade (22) is connected to the central shaft (21); the central shaft (21) includes a first gradually expanding portion near the first inlet (11) and a first equal diameter portion connected to the first gradually expanding portion; the filter element (10) includes a second gradually expanding portion near the first inlet (11) and a second equal diameter portion connected to the second gradually expanding portion; the thickness of the porous filter layer remains unchanged, a conical first gas flow channel is formed between the first gradually expanding portion and the second gradually expanding portion, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first gas flow channel is set to gradually increase along the direction from the first inlet (11) to the first outlet (12); an annular second gas flow channel is formed between the first equal diameter portion and the second equal diameter portion, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the second gas flow channel is equal to the maximum value of the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first gas flow channel.

2. The filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration system includes an upper tube sheet (54) and a lower tube sheet (55). The two ends of the filtration device (60) are respectively sealed to the inside of the housing (50) through the upper tube sheet (54) and the lower tube sheet (55). The gas outlet (53) is located between the upper tube sheet (54) and the lower tube sheet (55).

3. The filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, From the first inlet (11) to the first outlet (12), the pitch of the spiral blade (22) gradually increases.

4. The filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the lower end of the central shaft (21) gradually decreases, and the hardness of the lower end is greater than that of the rest of the central shaft (21).

5. The filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter device includes a limiting member (30) connected to the filter element (10) and a support member (40) with a groove. The limiting member (30) is intermittently fitted on the outside of the central shaft (21) to restrict the radial movement of the central shaft (21), the bottom of the central shaft (21) being supported at the groove of the support member (40).

6. The filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (20) includes a central shaft (21), and a plurality of vortex blade groups are arranged on the outer surface of the central shaft (21).

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