High-precision thin-wall flange part turning cutting deformation control method

Abstract

The present application relates to the chuck cutting mode in the field of machining, in particular to a high-precision thin-wall flange part turning cutting deformation control method. The method solves the technical problem of size precision reduction caused by direct cutting of the workpiece chuck in the prior art when machining the thin-wall flange part. The method comprises the following steps: rough turning: rough machining of the outer circle and inner hole of the part; solid solution aging: solid solution aging of the part to remove stress; semi-fine turning: semi-fine turning of the inner hole and outer circle of the part to release stress again; turning shape: clamping the small end of the part, machining all sizes of the part from the large end to the small end at one time, and then machining the process groove, at this time, the workpiece cannot be cut off, and the process is completed; flat end face: clamping and positioning the large end face of the workpiece, using layer-by-layer cutting method at the chuck, and direct cutting is not allowed, so that the stress generated in the process of cutting the chuck is slowly released, and the relevant sizes can be effectively guaranteed without deformation after cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a chuck cutting method in the field of machining, specifically a method for controlling deformation during the turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts. Background Technology

[0002] A certain pump body is made of aluminum alloy. The casing is relatively thin, and the dimensional equivalence and geometric tolerances are high. A schematic diagram of the pump body parts is shown below. Figure 1 As shown. During the processing, a portion of the workpiece needs to be cut off in order to obtain... Figure 1 The part structure shown has a specific cut-off point located at... Figure 1 Left end face.

[0003] The conventional method for cutting workpiece chucks is direct cutting. However, this method reduces the dimensional accuracy of the cut, failing to meet drawing requirements. Therefore, a chuck cutting method is needed that can effectively avoid this reduction in dimensional accuracy, ensuring the cut part meets the design specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of reduced dimensional accuracy at the cut point caused by direct cutting of the workpiece chuck when machining thin-walled flange parts, this invention provides a high-precision method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of thin-walled flange parts.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by the following method: a method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts, comprising the following steps: rough turning, solution aging, semi-finish turning, stress relief aging, turning shape, and flattening end face;

[0006] Rough turning: rough machining of the outer diameter and inner hole of a part;

[0007] Solution aging: Solution aging is performed on parts to relieve stress;

[0008] Semi-finish turning: The inner hole and outer diameter of the part are semi-finish turned to release stress again;

[0009] Car shape: Clamp the small end of the part, process all dimensions of the part from the large end to the small end in one go, and then process the groove. At this time, the workpiece cannot be cut off. This process is completed.

[0010] Flat end face: The large end face of the part is clamped and positioned, and a layer-by-layer cutting method is used at the chuck (that is, the position to be cut). Direct cutting is not allowed, and the feed per cut is specified as 0.5±0.1mm. This allows the stress generated during the cutting of the chuck to be released slowly, and the relevant dimensions can be effectively guaranteed not to be deformed after cutting.

[0011] This invention removes internal stress from the workpiece through solution treatment and aging, and releases stress again through semi-finish turning. By adopting a layer-by-layer cutting method, the stress generated during the cutting process is slowly released, ensuring that the dimensional accuracy of the cut remains unchanged. After processing, the part is disassembled and remeasured, and all dimensions meet the requirements of the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pump body components described in this invention.

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a vehicle shape in the prior art.

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the semi-finishing process in the method described in this invention.

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the vehicle shape in the method described in this invention.

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the flat end face in the method described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The invention will be further illustrated below with practical examples.

[0018] The pump body is made of aluminum alloy, with a minimum wall thickness of 4.5mm. The highest dimensional tolerance grade is 6, and the highest form and position tolerance grade is 4. A schematic diagram of the pump body parts is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0019] The difficult-to-machine dimensions of the parts include:

[0020] 1.φ38 -0.025 -0.041 The tolerance grade is f6;

[0021] 2.φ23 -0.011 -0.024 The tolerance grade is N6;

[0022] 3. Cylindricity of the φ23 inner hole is 0.004, tolerance grade is 6;

[0023] 4. The coaxiality of the φ38 outer circle to the φ23 inner hole is 0.008, and the tolerance grade is 5.

[0024] Based on the analysis of the workpiece's dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances, the conventional process plan and contents are as follows:

[0025] Rough turning: rough machining of the outer diameter and inner hole of a part;

[0026] Solution aging: Solution aging is performed on parts to relieve stress;

[0027] Car shape: Clamp the leftmost end of the workpiece, machine all dimensions of the part from right to left in one go, then machine the process groove and cut off to complete the final machining of the workpiece, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0028] The drawbacks of the original processing method: When all dimensions are processed at once without cutting, all dimensions on the machine tool meet the drawing requirements through measurement. However, when the workpiece dimensions and geometric tolerances are measured after cutting, the relevant dimensions at the cut point do not meet the design requirements.

[0029] Analysis of the machining process revealed that the release of significant internal stress during the cutting of the chuck caused related dimensions to exceed tolerances and fail to meet design requirements.

[0030] Based on the requirements of the drawings, the inventor redesigned a new process route, changed the traditional direct cutting method, and ensured that the requirements of the drawings were met after designing the new cutting method.

[0031] Two additional processes, semi-finishing and aging, are added before the original machining process to release some stress. After the original machining process, a flat end face process is added.

[0032] New process route: rough turning, solution aging, semi-finish turning, stress relief aging, turning profile, and flat end face;

[0033] Rough turning: rough machining of the outer diameter and inner hole of a part;

[0034] Solution aging: Solution aging is performed on parts to relieve stress;

[0035] Semi-finish turning: This involves semi-finish turning the inner hole and outer diameter of a part to further release stress, such as... Figure 3 As shown;

[0036] Car shape: Clamp the leftmost end of the workpiece, and machine all dimensions of the part from right to left in one go, then machine the process groove. Note that the workpiece should not be cut off at this time. After this process is completed, as shown... Figure 4 As shown;

[0037] Flat End Face: Place the large end face of the workpiece firmly against the faceplate, clamp the large outer diameter of the workpiece using a three-jaw chuck, and use a layer-by-layer cutting method on the chuck area (the location previously used to clamp the workpiece, which is now the cutting point). Direct cutting is not allowed, and the feed per cut is specified to be approximately 0.5mm. This allows the stress generated during the cutting process to be released slowly, effectively ensuring that the relevant dimensions do not deform after cutting. After machining, disassemble the part and remeasure it. All dimensions conform to the drawing requirements, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0038] The technical innovations of this invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. Changing the cutting method of the chuck can effectively avoid the problem of dimensional deformation at the chuck.

[0040] 2. Add semi-finishing and aging processes to release some stress in advance.

Claims

1. A method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: rough turning, solution treatment and aging, semi-finish turning, stress relief aging, turning shape, and end face finishing. Rough turning: rough machining of the outer diameter and inner hole of a part; Solution aging: Solution aging is performed on parts to relieve stress; Semi-finish turning: The inner hole and outer diameter of the part are semi-finish turned to release stress again; Car shape: Clamp the small end of the part, process all dimensions of the part from the large end to the small end in one go, and then process the groove. At this time, the workpiece cannot be cut off. This process is completed. Flat end face: The large end face of the part is clamped and positioned, and the chuck is cut layer by layer. Direct cutting is not allowed. The feed per cut is specified as 0.5±0.1mm, so that the stress generated during the cutting of the chuck is slowly released, and the relevant dimensions can be effectively guaranteed not to be deformed after cutting. The high-precision thin-walled flange part is a pump body part. The thinnest wall thickness of the part is 4.5mm, the highest dimensional tolerance grade is 6, and the highest form and position tolerance is 4.

2. The method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the flat end face step, the large end face of the part is pressed tightly against the machine tool faceplate, and the large outer diameter of the part is clamped and positioned using a three-jaw clamp.

3. The method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the flat end face process, each cut is 0.5mm during layer-by-layer cutting.

4. The method for controlling deformation during turning and cutting of high-precision thin-walled flange parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The machining requirements for the inner and outer diameters of the small end of the pump body parts are φ23 respectively. -0.011 -0.024 The tolerance grade is N6, φ38 -0.025 -0.041 The tolerance level is f6.

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