Processing method of 40cr13 stainless steel elastic retainer for observatory knuckle bearing

Abstract

The application relates to a machining method of an elastic retaining ring of 40Cr13 stainless steel for an observatory joint bearing, and relates to the technical field of bearing manufacturing. By selecting the same 40Cr13 as the main body structure of the bearing, the problems of the existing observatory joint bearing part material type, poor rustproof performance of the elastic retaining ring, large deformation in the conventional process and difficulty in ensuring the precision are solved. (1) 40Cr13 stainless steel bar material is selected; (2) the bar material is turned; (3) the installation hole is drilled; (4) the bar material is quenched and high-temperature tempered; (5) the bar material end face and outer diameter are ground; (6) the bar material is wire cut; (7) the bar material is cut into n sections to obtain n elastic retaining rings; (8) the two end faces of the single elastic retaining ring are ground; (9) the multiple elastic retaining rings are fixed through a tool and are wire cut once to obtain an opening; and (10) nickel is plated. The application reduces the type of bearing part materials, is high in machining precision, ensures mechanical performance and has the rustproof effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing manufacturing, in particular to a 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic retainer machining method for observatory knuckle bearings. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing elastic retainer for observatory knuckle bearings is made of 65Mn material and is formed by stamping a plate, which cannot meet the special requirements of observatory knuckle bearings. The rust-proof effect is poor, the precision of the stamped product is low, and the product needs to be selected to meet the precision requirements, the yield of finished products is low, and the material of the bearing and other parts is inconsistent. In order to increase the rust-proof property of the elastic retainer, increase the precision, and reduce the types of materials of the bearing and its components, the material of the elastic retainer is changed to 40Cr13, which is consistent with the material of the bearing outer ring, and the precision is improved by bar stock and grinding machining methods. There is no forming process for bar stock machining of the elastic retainer. Due to the thin thickness, eccentric inner diameter, non-circular, ear, opening and other characteristics of the elastic retainer, it cannot be used as a reference for other conventional processes. If the conventional process is used, the elastic retainer is easy to deform, the efficiency is low, and it is difficult to ensure the precision. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic retainer machining method for observatory knuckle bearings. By optimizing the 40Cr13 material and plating nickel, the problems of poor rust-proof effect of the elastic retainer and the large number of types of materials of the product components are solved; by selecting bar stock and grinding machining method, the problem of low precision is solved; by special machining process, the problems of large deformation, low efficiency and difficult to ensure precision in conventional process are solved.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problems is: a 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic retainer machining method for observatory knuckle bearings, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) selecting a 40Cr13 stainless steel bar stock with a diameter of D and a length of L;

[0006] (2) turning the end face of the bar stock to a length of L-1mm, and the outer diameter of the bar stock to D-2mm;

[0007] (3) drilling a mounting hole in the end face of the bar stock;

[0008] (4) quenching and high-temperature tempering the bar stock to make the hardness of the bar stock reach 44HRC-51HRC;

[0009] (5) grinding the end face of the bar stock to a length of L-2mm, and the outer diameter of the bar stock to the finished product size minus the plating thickness;

[0010] (6) line cutting the end face of the bar stock to obtain an eccentric inner wall, an ear and a process connecting surface, wherein the opening is not cut open;

[0011] (7) cut the bar into n segments to obtain n elastic check rings, and chamfer the end faces of the elastic check rings;

[0012] (8) grind the two end faces of the elastic check ring to the finished product size - plating thickness;

[0013] (9) place the elastic check ring inside the tool, fix the plurality of elastic check rings through the tool, and perform one line cutting on the plurality of elastic check rings to obtain an opening;

[0014] (10) nickel plating treatment is performed on the entire elastic check ring.

[0015] Further, the length L of the 40Cr13 stainless steel bar is n (single elastic check ring thickness + grinding end face allowance + cutting width), and n is the number of elastic check rings planned to be processed from one bar.

[0016] Further, a positioning pin is inserted into the mounting hole of the plurality of elastic check rings, and the positioning and fixing of the elastic check ring are realized through the tool and the positioning pin.

[0017] Further, the process connection surface is located at the intersection of the lug and the opening bevel.

[0018] Further, a process hole is drilled in the end face of the bar in step (3) for line cutting.

[0019] Further, the process hole is parallel to the axial direction of the bar.

[0020] Further, the process hole is located in an area smaller than the inner diameter of the eccentric inner wall.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are: using 40Cr13 bar for processing, which is beneficial to improving the precision by using appropriate processing methods. The two end faces of the elastic check ring, the outer wall of the check ring are ground, and the precision is improved. The mechanical properties of the elastic check ring are ensured by quenching and high temperature tempering to meet the requirements. The position of the line cutting opening is ensured by using the tool positioning. The process method of machining the mounting hole, the outer wall of the check ring, the eccentric inner wall and the opening of the plurality of elastic check rings at one time improves the processing efficiency. The finished product heat treatment process is adjusted before grinding, and the plurality of elastic check rings are machined together, which can prevent heat treatment deformation. Nickel plating treatment is adopted to enhance the anti-rust effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the front view of the stainless steel elastic check ring for observatory joint bearing of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process connection surface and the process hole position during the processing of the elastic check ring;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view showing the use of tooling to fix multiple elastic retaining rings and mounting holes.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The main view;

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Elastic retaining ring, 2. Outer wall of retaining ring, 3. Eccentric inner wall, 4. Support lug, 5. Mounting hole, 6. Opening, 7. Opening bevel, 8. Process connection surface, 9. Process hole, 10. Tooling, 11. Positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this is a conventional spherical bearing retaining ring. The retaining ring has lugs 4 at both ends, each lug having a circular mounting hole 5. An opening 6 is formed between the two ends of the retaining ring, giving it a "C"-shaped structure. The sidewall of the opening is a beveled edge 7. The retaining ring has an outer wall 2 and an eccentric inner wall 3. The center of the eccentric inner wall 3 is not concentric with the center of the outer wall 2, resulting in different widths at different locations on the retaining ring.

[0028] This invention uses 40Cr13 stainless steel bars to machine the elastic retaining ring of the observatory's spherical plain bearing, such as... Figure 2 As shown, during the processing, there are two transition features: process connection surface 8 and process hole 9. Process connection surface 8 is located at the opening 6 of the formed elastic retaining ring product, at the intersection of the support lug 4 and the opening bevel 7. Process hole 9 is used for wire cutting. Process hole 9 is located in the area smaller than the inner diameter of the eccentric inner wall, that is, at any position of the internal part of the bar stock that needs to be cut off by wire cutting. Process hole 9 is parallel to the axial direction of the bar stock.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in the machining process of the elastic retaining ring of the observatory spherical bearing of the present invention, a specific tooling 10 and a locating pin 11 are used. The tooling 10 has a circular inner cavity, and the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the tooling 10 is the same as the outer diameter of the outer wall 2 of the retaining ring 1. After the elastic retaining ring 1 is placed in the inner cavity of the tooling 10, the elastic retaining ring 1 can be fixed. The tooling 10 can be circular or square. In use, the locating pin 11 is inserted into the mounting holes 5 on the same side of multiple elastic retaining rings 1 to achieve relative fixation of multiple elastic retaining rings 1 in the circumferential direction, thereby circumferentially positioning the elastic retaining ring 1.

[0030] The method for processing the elastic retaining ring of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] (1) Select 40Cr13 stainless steel bars with diameter D and length L, where the length L of the 40Cr13 stainless steel bar is n×(thickness of a single elastic retaining ring + allowance for grinding end face + width of cut), and n is the number of elastic retaining rings to be processed from one bar.

[0032] (2) Machin the end face of the bar stock to the length of the bar stock to L-1mm and the outer diameter of the bar stock to D-2mm.

[0033] (3) such as Figure 2 As shown, mounting holes 5 and process holes 9 are drilled on the end face of the bar stock.

[0034] (4) Quenching and high-temperature tempering are performed on the bar stock to achieve a hardness of 44HRC to 51HRC.

[0035] (5) Grind the end face of the bar to the length of the bar to L-2mm, and the outer diameter of the bar to the finished size - coating thickness.

[0036] (6) The end face of the bar is wire cut to obtain the eccentric inner wall 3, the lug 4 and the process connection surface 8, while the opening 6 is not cut for the time being.

[0037] (7) Cut the bar into n segments to obtain n elastic retaining rings 1, and chamfer the end face of the elastic retaining rings 1.

[0038] (8) Grind the two ends of the elastic retaining ring 1.

[0039] (9) Place the elastic retaining ring 1 inside the tooling 10. At this time, the outer wall of the elastic retaining ring 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the tooling 10. Fix multiple elastic retaining rings 1 through the tooling 10. Insert the positioning pin 11 into the mounting hole 5 on the same side of multiple elastic retaining rings 1. Then, the tooling 10 and the positioning pin 11 are used to position and fix the elastic retaining ring 1. Cut multiple elastic retaining rings once on the end face of the elastic retaining ring 1 to obtain the opening 6 and the opening bevel 7.

[0040] (10) The entire elastic retaining ring 1 is nickel plated.

[0041] The method for processing the elastic retaining ring of the present invention is described below with reference to specific examples:

[0042] (1) Select 40Cr13 stainless steel bars with a diameter of 75mm and a length of L=180mm. The length of the 40Cr13 stainless steel bar is L=n×(thickness of a single elastic retaining ring + allowance for grinding end face + width of cut), where n is the number of elastic retaining rings to be processed from one bar, and assume n=30.

[0043] (2) Machin the end face of the bar stock to a length of 179mm and an outer diameter of 73mm.

[0044] (3) such asFigure 2 The end face of the bar is drilled to install the hole 5 and the process hole 9.

[0045] (4) Quenching and high-temperature tempering treatment is performed on the bar to make the hardness of the bar reach 44HRC-51HRC.

[0046] (5) The end face of the bar is ground to the length of the bar to 178mm, and the outer diameter of the bar to 72.5mm.

[0047] (6) The end face of the bar is wire cut to obtain the eccentric inner wall 3, the lug 4 and the process connecting surface 8, wherein the opening 6 is not cut at present.

[0048] (7) The bar is cut into 30 segments to obtain 30 elastic retainer rings 1, and the end face of the elastic retainer ring 1 is chamfered.

[0049] (8) The two end faces of the single elastic retainer ring 1 are ground.

[0050] (9) The elastic retainer ring 1 is placed in the inside of the tool 10, at this time the outer wall of the elastic retainer ring 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the tool 10, a plurality of elastic retainer rings 1 are fixed through the tool 10, the positioning pin 11 is inserted into the mounting hole 5 on the same side of the plurality of elastic retainer rings 1, and the positioning and fixing of the elastic retainer ring 1 are realized through the tool 10 and the positioning pin 11; a plurality of elastic retainer rings are wire cut at the end face of the elastic retainer ring 1 to obtain the opening 6 and the opening bevel 7.

[0051] (10) The entire elastic retainer ring 1 is subjected to nickel plating treatment.

[0052] The present application is suitable for the processing of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic retainer ring for the joint bearing of an observatory, adopts the 40Cr13 material, reduces the types of materials of the bearing and its components, is beneficial to the organization of production, adopts the 40Cr13 bar processing, is beneficial to the improvement of the precision by using a suitable processing method, grinds the two end faces of the elastic retainer ring and the outer wall of the retainer ring, the precision is improved, adopts quenching and high-temperature tempering to ensure that the mechanical properties of the elastic retainer ring meet the requirements, adopts the tool positioning to ensure that the position of the wire cutting opening is correct, adopts the process hole drilled before the heat treatment for wire cutting, is beneficial to the wire cutting, adopts the wire cutting of the eccentric inner wall and the lug, the processing is simple and feasible, when the wire cutting of the eccentric inner wall and the lug is adopted, the opening is not cut at present, a process connecting surface is left, the subsequent cutting and grinding precision is ensured, adopts the process method of processing a plurality of mounting holes 5, retainer ring outer walls 2, eccentric inner walls 3 and openings 6 at one time, the processing efficiency is improved, adjusts the finished product heat treatment process to before the grinding processing, and processes a plurality of elastic retainer rings together, which can prevent the deformation caused by the heat treatment, adopts the nickel plating treatment, and the anti-rust effect is enhanced.

Claims

1. A processing method of an elastic retainer of 40Cr13 stainless steel for an astronomical observatory knuckle bearing, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a 40Cr13 stainless steel rod with a diameter of D and a length of L; (2) turning the end face of the rod to a length of L-1 mm, and turning the outer diameter of the rod to D-2 mm; (3) drilling an installation hole in the end face of the rod; (4) quenching and high-temperature tempering the rod to make the hardness of the rod reach 44HRC-51HRC; (5) grinding the end face of the rod to a length of L-2 mm, and the outer diameter of the rod to a finished product size-coating thickness; (6) wire cutting the end face of the rod to obtain an eccentric inner wall, an ear and a process connecting surface, wherein the opening is not cut open temporarily; (7) cutting the rod into n segments to obtain n elastic check rings, and chamfering the end face of the elastic check ring; (8) grinding the two end faces of the elastic check ring to a finished product size-coating thickness; (9) placing the elastic check ring inside the tool, fixing the plurality of elastic check rings by the tool, and performing one-time wire cutting on the plurality of elastic check rings to obtain an opening; (10) nickel plating the entire elastic check ring.

2. The machining method of the elastic check ring of the 40Cr13 stainless steel for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length L of the 40Cr13 stainless steel rod is n×(single elastic check ring thickness+grinding end face allowance+cutting opening width), and n is the number of elastic check rings planned to be processed from one rod.

3. The machining method of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic check ring for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning pin is inserted into the installation hole of the plurality of elastic check rings, and the positioning and fixing of the elastic check ring are realized through the tool and the positioning pin.

4. The machining method of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic check ring for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process connecting surface is located at the intersection of the ear and the opening bevel.

5. The machining method of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic check ring for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), a process hole for wire cutting is also drilled in the end face of the rod.

6. The machining method of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic check ring for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process hole is parallel to the axial direction of the rod.

7. The machining method of the 40Cr13 stainless steel elastic check ring for the observatory knuckle bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process hole is located in an area smaller than the inner diameter of the eccentric inner wall.

Images