Hydraulic rock drill

Abstract

The hydraulic rock drill comprises a guide assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly, the guide assembly comprises a guide shell and a drill rod, the transmission assembly comprises a gear box shell, a driven gear, a transmission gear and a driving gear, and the impact assembly comprises an impact flow distribution shell, an impact piston rod, a flow distribution valve and a push rod, a rotary driver is externally mounted on the impact flow distribution shell, the tail end of the guide shell is connected with the head end of the gear box shell, the tail end of the gear box shell is connected with the head end of the impact flow distribution shell, the tail end of the drill rod is inserted into the gear box shell and connected with the driven gear, the head end of the impact piston rod is inserted into the gear box shell and abuts against the tail end of the drill rod, and the rotary driver is connected with the driving gear. The impact piston rod is prevented from being pulled or broken under the radial load, thereby facilitating the maintenance work, and further, the hydraulic oil pushes the end surface of the impact piston rod through the flow distribution valve and the push rod to generate an axial thrust and reduce the radial load, so that the equipment is stably and reliably operated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock drilling equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic rock drill. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic rock drills are important construction equipment in tunnel excavation and mining. They use a reversing valve to drive hydraulic oil to continuously strike the end of the drill rod with the impact piston rod, generating impact stress, which is transmitted to the interface between the drill bit and the rock to produce a rock-breaking effect.

[0003] Most existing hydraulic rock drills employ a core valve distribution structure with multiple housing sections, each component housed within its own section. Due to the large number of housing sections connected by long bolts, these bolts are prone to fatigue deformation and loosening under high-frequency vibration. This can cause the piston to strain or break under radial loads, affecting the reliability of the rock drill. Furthermore, in core valve type hydraulic rock drills, the impact piston directly mates with the housing; damage to the mating surfaces necessitates housing replacement, resulting in high costs. More importantly, the hydraulic directional valve in the distribution section of core valve type hydraulic rock drills has an asymmetrical port arrangement. Hydraulic oil enters the housing radially and flows axially, pushing the piston and generating a significant radial load. To ensure smooth operation of the distribution valve, high precision is required for the machining of the valve core and body, resulting in generally lower overall operational reliability.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a stable and reliable hydraulic rock drill is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic rock drill consisting of three components connected sequentially along the axial direction, avoiding the use of long bolts. The impact piston rod is located in the impact assembly at the very end, facilitating disassembly, installation, and replacement of parts. At the same time, the end face of the impact piston rod is pushed by a distribution valve and a push rod, reducing the radial load and ensuring stable and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a hydraulic rock drill, comprising a guide assembly, a transmission assembly, and an impact assembly connected sequentially along the axial direction. The guide assembly includes a guide housing and a drill rod axially penetrating the guide housing. The transmission assembly includes a gearbox housing and a driven gear, a transmission gear, and a driving gear installed inside the gearbox housing and connected sequentially. The impact assembly includes an impact distribution housing and an impact piston rod, a distribution valve, and a push rod installed inside the impact distribution housing and contacting each other sequentially along the axial direction. The first end of the push rod is inserted into the end opening of the distribution valve. The first end of the distribution valve is provided with a distribution hole for supplying hydraulic oil to the end face of the impact piston rod. A rotary actuator is installed outside the impact distribution housing. The end of the guide housing is connected to the first end of the gearbox housing. The end of the gearbox housing is connected to the first end of the impact distribution housing. The end of the drill rod is inserted into the gearbox housing and connected to the driven gear. The first end of the impact piston rod is inserted into the gearbox housing and abuts against the end of the drill rod. The rotary actuator is connected to the driving gear.

[0007] Preferably, the guide assembly further includes a quick-change water-filling sleeve and a holding sleeve coaxially arranged. The quick-change water-filling sleeve is inserted from the first end of the axial through hole in the guide housing, and the holding sleeve is inserted from the end of the axial through hole in the guide housing. The drill rod passes through the holding sleeve and the quick-change water-filling sleeve axially in sequence. The drill rod has an axially extending central hole. The guide housing, the quick-change water-filling sleeve, and the tail of the drill rod are provided with radial water passage holes that are connected in sequence. The radial water passage holes at the tail of the drill rod are connected to the central hole of the drill rod.

[0008] Preferably, multiple water seals are arranged sequentially along the axial direction on the inner wall of the central hole of the quick-change water injection jacket, and multiple water seal leakage observation holes are provided on the outer wall of the guide housing, which are respectively connected to the multiple water seals. The first end of the water seal leakage observation hole is inclined and converged towards the drill rod.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting step is provided on the outer periphery of the first end of the quick-change water injection sleeve, and an anti-loosening gasket is provided between the limiting step and the first end face of the guide housing. The outer wall of the end of the quick-change water injection sleeve is threaded to the axial through hole of the guide housing.

[0010] Preferably, the tail of the drill rod is connected to the inner hole of the driven gear via a spline structure, the outer teeth of the driven gear mesh with the outer teeth of the transmission gear, the inner hole of the transmission gear is connected to the transmission rod of the internal gear ring via a spline structure, the outer teeth of the driving gear mesh with the internal gear ring, the transmission gear and the internal gear ring are arranged coaxially, the driven gear and the drill rod are arranged coaxially, and the axes of the driven gear and the transmission gear are radially offset.

[0011] Preferably, a retaining sleeve is installed at the end of the axial through hole inside the gearbox housing, and the head end of the impact piston rod passes through the center hole of the retaining sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, an end cover plate is detachably installed at the end of the impact distribution housing to close the end opening of the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing. An upper cylinder and a lower cylinder are installed in the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing. The two ends of the impact piston rod pass through the central holes of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, respectively. The piston platform in the middle of the impact piston rod is located at the connection between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. The lower cylinder is provided with oil supply holes distributed around the central hole for supplying oil to the end face of the piston platform.

[0013] Preferably, the impact distribution housing is provided with a lubricating oil and gas passage that connects to the inside of the gearbox housing.

[0014] Preferably, the end face of the guide housing is provided with a first cylindrical boss, which is sealed to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the gearbox housing. The end face of the gearbox housing is provided with a second cylindrical boss, which is sealed to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the impact distribution housing.

[0015] Preferably, a first flange is provided at the end of the guide housing, and the first flange is bolted to the first end face of the gearbox housing. A second flange is provided at the end of the gearbox housing, and the second flange is bolted to the first end face of the impact distribution housing.

[0016] This invention provides a hydraulic rock drill, comprising a guide assembly, a transmission assembly, and an impact assembly connected sequentially along the axial direction. The guide assembly includes a guide housing and a drill rod axially penetrating the guide housing. The transmission assembly includes a gearbox housing and a driven gear, a transmission gear, and a driving gear installed inside the gearbox housing and connected sequentially. The impact assembly includes an impact distribution housing and an impact piston rod, a distribution valve, and a push rod installed inside the impact distribution housing and contacting each other sequentially along the axial direction. The first end of the push rod is inserted into the end opening of the distribution valve. The first end of the distribution valve is provided with a distribution hole for supplying hydraulic oil to the end face of the impact piston rod. A rotary driver is installed outside the impact distribution housing. The end of the guide housing is connected to the first end of the gearbox housing. The end of the gearbox housing is connected to the first end of the impact distribution housing. The end of the drill rod is inserted into the gearbox housing and connected to the driven gear. The first end of the impact piston rod is inserted into the gearbox housing and abuts against the end of the drill rod. The rotary driver is connected to the driving gear.

[0017] The guide assembly, transmission assembly, and impact assembly are connected sequentially along the axial direction. This separate connection method replaces the long bolt connections used in existing technologies, preventing loosening due to fatigue deformation of long bolts and avoiding strain or breakage of the impact piston rod under radial loads. The impact piston rod is located within the final impact assembly. Disassembly and replacement of parts only require removing the impact assembly, eliminating the need for complete disassembly of the entire machine to remove the impact piston rod. This simplifies maintenance. Furthermore, during operation, hydraulic oil, through the distribution valve and push rod, pushes the end face of the impact piston rod, generating axial thrust, reducing radial load, and ensuring stable and reliable equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the guide assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A front cross-sectional view of the guide assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the transmission assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A front cross-sectional view of the transmission component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A front cross-sectional view of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a top cross-sectional view of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0027] The components include: guide assembly 1, guide housing 11, chisel 12, quick-change water injection sleeve 13, holding sleeve 14, water seal leakage observation hole 15, first flange platform 16, transmission assembly 2, gearbox housing 21, driven gear 22, transmission gear 23, internal gear ring 24, anti-reverse sleeve 25, second flange platform 26, impact assembly 3, impact distribution housing 31, impact piston rod 32, distribution valve 33, push rod 34, end cover plate 35, upper cylinder body 36, lower cylinder body 37, oil supply hole 38, and hydraulic motor 39. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The core of this invention is to provide a hydraulic rock drill, which consists of three components connected sequentially along the axial direction, avoiding the use of long bolts. The impact piston rod is located in the impact assembly at the very end, which facilitates disassembly, installation and replacement of parts. At the same time, the end face of the impact piston rod is pushed by the distribution valve and the push rod to reduce the radial load and ensure stable and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a hydraulic rock drill, comprising a guide assembly 1, a transmission assembly 2, and an impact assembly 3 connected sequentially along the axial direction. The guide assembly 1 is located at the beginning of the transmission assembly 2, and the impact assembly 3 is located at the end of the transmission assembly 2. In the accompanying drawings, the left end of each component is the beginning, and the right end is the end. The guide assembly 1 includes a drill rod 12, and the impact assembly 3 includes an impact piston rod 32 and a rotary actuator. The transmission assembly 2 connects the guide assembly 1 and the impact assembly 3. The impact piston rod 32 pushes the end of the drill rod 12 axially, causing the impact piston rod 32 to impact the drill rod 12 at a certain frequency, thereby converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and breaking the rock. Simultaneously, the rotary actuator rotates the drill rod 12 around its own axis through the transmission assembly 2. The rotary actuator can be a hydraulic motor 39 or an electric motor, or other types of actuators.

[0032] The guide assembly 1, transmission assembly 2, and impact assembly 3 are connected sequentially along the axial direction. This separate connection method replaces the long bolt connections used in existing technologies, preventing loosening due to fatigue deformation of long bolts and avoiding strain or breakage of the impact piston rod 32 under radial loads. The impact piston rod 32 is located within the final impact assembly 3. When disassembling, installing, or replacing parts, only the impact assembly 3 needs to be removed; the entire machine does not need to be completely disassembled to remove the impact piston rod 32, thus facilitating maintenance.

[0033] Specifically, the guide assembly 1 includes a guide housing 11 and a drill rod 12. The guide housing 11 has an axial through hole, through which the drill rod 12 passes axially. The transmission assembly 2 includes a gearbox housing 21 and a driven gear 22, a transmission gear 23, and a driving gear installed in the gearbox housing 21. The gears are connected in sequence to realize the rotational transmission from the rotary drive to the drill rod 12. More importantly, the impact assembly 3 includes an impact distribution housing 31, an impact piston rod 32, a distribution valve 33, and a push rod 34. The impact piston rod 32, the distribution valve 33, and the push rod 34 are installed in the impact distribution housing 31 and contact each other in sequence along the axial direction. The first end of the push rod 34 is inserted into the end opening of the distribution valve 33. The first end of the distribution valve 33 has a distribution hole, which connects the two ends of the distribution hole, allowing hydraulic oil to be delivered to the end face of the impact piston rod 32. Furthermore, a rotary actuator is installed outside the impact distribution housing 31. The end of the guide housing 11 is connected to the beginning of the gearbox housing 21. The end of the gearbox housing 21 is connected to the beginning of the impact distribution housing 31. The end of the chisel 12 is inserted into the gearbox housing 21 and connected to the driven gear 22. The beginning of the impact piston rod 32 is inserted into the gearbox housing 21 and abuts against the end of the chisel 12. The rotary actuator is connected to the driving gear.

[0034] In the initial state, the end face of the impact piston rod 32 is in contact with the head face of the distribution valve 33, thereby blocking the distribution hole. After the hydraulic oil enters, it pushes the push rod 34 to move towards the head, thereby pushing the distribution valve 33 and the end face of the impact piston rod 32, and moving axially towards the head. After moving to a certain position, the end face of the impact piston rod 32 separates from the head face of the distribution valve 33, the distribution hole is opened, and the hydraulic oil reaches the end face of the impact piston rod 32 through the distribution hole, generating axial thrust. The impact piston rod 32 continues to move axially towards the head, reducing the radial load and ensuring stable and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the guide assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the guide assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0036] In the hydraulic rock drill provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the guide assembly 1 further includes a quick-change water injection sleeve 13 and a holding sleeve 14 coaxially arranged. The quick-change water injection sleeve 13 and the holding sleeve 14 are both installed in the axial through hole inside the guide housing 11. The quick-change water injection sleeve 13 is inserted from the first end of the axial through hole inside the guide housing 11, and the holding sleeve 14 is inserted from the end of the axial through hole inside the guide housing 11. The drill rod 12 passes through the holding sleeve 14 and the quick-change water injection sleeve 13 in sequence, so that when the drill rod 12 moves axially, it reciprocates in the central hole of the holding sleeve 14 and the quick-change water injection sleeve 13. The drill rod 12 is provided with an axially extending central hole. The guide housing 11, the quick-change water injection sleeve 13 and the tail of the drill rod 12 are all provided with radial water passage holes. The radial water passage holes at the tail of the drill rod 12 are connected to the central hole of the drill rod 12. The radial water passages of each component are connected in sequence, so that the flushing water passes through the radial water passages of the guide housing 11, the quick-change water jacket 13 and the tail of the drill rod 12 in sequence, and finally enters the center hole of the drill rod 12 and is delivered to the head end of the drill rod 12 to achieve the effect of washing slag and cooling.

[0037] Furthermore, multiple water seals are sequentially arranged axially on the inner wall of the central hole of the quick-change water injection jacket 13. These water seals are located between the inner wall of the central hole of the quick-change water injection jacket 13 and the outer wall of the drill rod 12. Simultaneously, multiple water seal leakage observation holes 15 are provided on the outer wall of the guide housing 11, and each water seal leakage observation hole 15 is connected to a different water seal for observing the status of each water seal. The leading end of each water seal leakage observation hole 15 is inclined and converges towards the drill rod 12. This ensures that when the rock drill is drilling upwards, wastewater carrying rock cuttings is prevented from entering the rock drill housing through the water seal leakage observation holes 15.

[0038] To ensure stable connection of all components, a limiting step is provided on the outer periphery of the first end of the quick-change water filling sleeve 13. The end face of the limiting step abuts against the first end face of the guide housing 11, and an anti-loosening washer is provided between the limiting step and the first end face of the guide housing 11. A guide copper sleeve is installed in the center hole of the quick-change water filling sleeve 13 near the first end, and the guide copper sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the drill rod 12 to achieve an anti-wear effect. The outer wall of the end of the quick-change water filling sleeve 13 is provided with external threads, and the axial through hole of the guide housing 11 is provided with internal threads, and the two are connected by threads.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the transmission assembly in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional view of the transmission component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0040] In the hydraulic rock drill provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, frustums are respectively provided on both sides of the driven gear 22, and two bearings are respectively installed on each side to support the driven gear 22 from the gearbox housing 21 and ensure the stable rotation of the driven gear 22. A bushing is installed inside the gearbox housing 21, and the bearing is connected to the bushing. The tail of the drill rod 12 is connected to the inner hole of the driven gear 22 through a spline structure. An internal gear ring 24 is also provided inside the gearbox housing 21. The first end of the internal gear ring 24 is connected to a transmission rod extending axially. The transmission rod is connected to the inner hole of the transmission gear 23 through a spline structure, and a bearing is fitted in the middle of the transmission rod. The drive gear 23 and internal gear ring 24 are supported and arranged coaxially. The driven gear 22 and the chisel 12 are arranged coaxially, with the axes of the driven gear 22 and the drive gear 23 radially offset. The external teeth of the driven gear 22 mesh with the external teeth of the drive gear 23. The output shaft of the rotary actuator is connected to the drive gear via a spline structure. The external teeth of the drive gear mesh with the internal gear ring 24. During operation, the hydraulic motor 39 drives the drive gear to rotate, which in turn drives the internal gear ring 24 and the drive gear 23 to rotate synchronously. The drive gear 23 drives the driven gear 22 to rotate, ultimately driving the chisel 12 to rotate. A central stepped hole is opened at the bottom of the internal spline hole of the drive gear for installing a limit block. One end face of the limit block 317 is in contact with the end face of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 39 to prevent axial movement.

[0041] Furthermore, a retaining sleeve 25 is installed at the end of the axial through hole inside the gearbox housing 21. The head end of the impact piston rod 32 passes through the center hole of the retaining sleeve 25 and abuts against the end face of the chisel 12. In addition, the axial distance between the impact piston rod 32 and the output shaft of the rotary actuator corresponds to the axial distance between the retaining sleeve 25 and the internal gear ring 24, so that during installation, the impact piston rod 32 is aligned with the retaining sleeve 25, and the output shaft of the rotary actuator is aligned with the internal gear ring 24, making installation convenient and quick.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 7 to 8 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A front cross-sectional view of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top cross-sectional view of the impact component in a specific embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill provided by the present invention.

[0043] In the hydraulic rock drill provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, an end cover plate 35 is detachably installed at the end of the impact distribution housing 31 to close the end opening of the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing 31. Specifically, the impact distribution housing 31 and the end cover plate 35 can be connected by bolts, threads, snap-fit ​​connections, etc., all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention. Further, an upper cylinder 36 and a lower cylinder 37 arranged axially are installed in the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing 31. The impact piston rod 32, the upper cylinder 36, and the lower cylinder 37 are arranged coaxially. The two ends of the impact piston rod 32 pass through the central holes of the upper cylinder 36 and the lower cylinder 37, respectively. The piston platform in the middle of the impact piston rod 32 is located at the connection between the upper cylinder 36 and the lower cylinder 37. The impact piston rod 32 adopts a cylindrical stepped structure, and the diameter of its maximum cylinder is equivalent to the diameter of the mating hole in the lower cylinder 37. When the impact piston rod 32 needs to be removed, only the end cover plate 35 needs to be removed, and then the impact piston rod 32 can be taken out from the end opening of the impact distribution housing 31. It is not necessary to completely disassemble the whole machine before the impact piston rod 32 can be removed, which facilitates maintenance. Furthermore, after wear and tear, the upper cylinder 36 and the lower cylinder 37 can be replaced without replacing the housing, thus extending the service life. At the same time, the impact distribution components are few, the motion logic is clear, it is easy to control, and the overall reliability of the machine is high.

[0044] Preferably, the lower cylinder 37 is provided with multiple oil supply holes 38 distributed around the central hole. The oil supply holes 38 tend to extend axially, so that after the impact piston rod 32 moves to a specific position, hydraulic oil is delivered through the oil supply holes 38 and pushes the end face of the piston platform, generating axial thrust. The impact piston rod 32 continues to move axially towards the head end, reducing the radial load and ensuring stable and reliable operation of the equipment. The pilot control valve of the sleeve-valve hydraulic rock drill is used to control the reciprocating motion of the impact piston rod 32 of the second stage, so that the impact piston rod 32 impacts the end of the drill rod 12 at a certain frequency, thereby converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and causing the rock to be broken by impact.

[0045] To ensure smooth operation of all components, a lubricating oil-gas channel is provided inside the impact distribution housing 31, connecting to the interior of the gearbox housing 21. Specifically, the impact distribution housing 31 has a lubricating oil-gas channel. Lubricating oil-gas flows from the bearing of the driving gear into the internal gear ring 24, and then enters the internal cavity of the gearbox housing 21 through a small hole on the end face of the internal gear ring 24 to lubricate the driven gear 22 and the transmission gear 23. It also flows from the hole channel on the end face of the guide housing 11 into the oil-gas hole between the quick-change water jacket 13 and the guide copper sleeve, and flows out from the gap between the mating surface of the guide copper sleeve and the chisel 12. By lubricating the components that will undergo relative movement in the above manner, appropriate seals are required at each joint to ensure a sealing effect.

[0046] Based on the hydraulic rock drills provided in the above specific embodiments, a first cylindrical boss is provided on the end face of the guide housing 11. The first cylindrical boss is sealed and connected to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the gearbox housing 21. A second cylindrical boss is provided on the end face of the gearbox housing 21. The second cylindrical boss is sealed and connected to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the impact distribution housing 31 to ensure the sealing effect.

[0047] Furthermore, a first flange 16 is provided at the end of the guide housing 11, which is bolted to the front end face of the gearbox housing 21. A second flange 26 is provided at the end of the gearbox housing 21, which is bolted to the front end face of the impact distribution housing 31. The number and layout of bolts can be adjusted as needed, or other connection methods can be used, all within the scope of protection of this invention. This hydraulic rock drill adopts a symmetrical design based on the longitudinal section of the rock drill, so that only one set of hydraulic pipe interfaces needs to be designed at the tail of the rock drill. This allows a single rock drill to be installed with either the left or right arm, simply by rotating the rock drill 180 degrees around its central axis.

[0048] The hydraulic rock drill provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic rock drill, characterized in that, The assembly includes a guide assembly (1), a transmission assembly (2), and an impact assembly (3) connected sequentially along the axial direction. The guide assembly (1) includes a guide housing (11) and a chisel (12) that axially penetrates the guide housing (11). The transmission assembly (2) includes a gearbox housing (21) and a driven gear (22), a transmission gear (23), and a driving gear that are installed in the gearbox housing (21) and connected sequentially. The impact assembly (3) includes an impact distribution housing (31) and an impact piston rod (32), a distribution valve (33), and a push rod (34) that are installed in the impact distribution housing (31) and contact each other sequentially along the axial direction. The first end of the push rod (34) is inserted into the distribution valve. The valve (33) has an opening at the end, and the head end of the distribution valve (33) is provided with a distribution hole for supplying hydraulic oil to the end face of the impact piston rod (32). A rotary actuator is installed outside the impact distribution housing (31). The end of the guide housing (11) is connected to the head end of the gearbox housing (21). The end of the gearbox housing (21) is connected to the head end of the impact distribution housing (31). The end of the chisel (12) is inserted into the gearbox housing (21) and connected to the driven gear (22). The head end of the impact piston rod (32) is inserted into the gearbox housing (21) and abuts against the end of the chisel (12). The rotary actuator is connected to the driving gear. The guide assembly (1) further includes a quick-change water-filling sleeve (13) and a holding sleeve (14) arranged coaxially. The quick-change water-filling sleeve (13) is inserted into the first end of the axial through hole in the guide housing (11), and the holding sleeve (14) is inserted into the end of the axial through hole in the guide housing (11). The drill rod (12) passes through the holding sleeve (14) and the quick-change water-filling sleeve (13) in sequence. The drill rod (12) is provided with an axially extending central hole. The guide housing (11), the quick-change water-filling sleeve (13) and the tail of the drill rod (12) are provided with radial water passage holes that are connected in sequence. The radial water passage holes at the tail of the drill rod (12) are connected to the central hole of the drill rod (12). Multiple water seals are arranged sequentially along the axial direction on the inner wall of the center hole of the quick-change water jacket (13). Multiple water seal leakage observation holes (15) are arranged on the outer wall of the guide housing (11) respectively connecting the multiple water seals. The first end of the water seal leakage observation hole (15) is inclined and converged towards the drill rod (12). The quick-change water injection sleeve (13) has a limiting step on the outer periphery of its first end. An anti-loosening gasket is provided between the limiting step and the first end face of the guide housing (11). The outer wall of the end of the quick-change water injection sleeve (13) is threaded to the axial through hole of the guide housing (11).

2. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the drill rod (12) is connected to the inner hole of the driven gear (22) through a spline structure. The outer teeth of the driven gear (22) mesh with the outer teeth of the transmission gear (23). The inner hole of the transmission gear (23) is connected to the transmission rod of the internal gear ring (24) through a spline structure. The outer teeth of the driving gear mesh with the internal gear ring (24). The transmission gear (23) and the internal gear ring (24) are arranged coaxially. The driven gear (22) and the drill rod (12) are arranged coaxially. The axes of the driven gear (22) and the transmission gear (23) are radially offset.

3. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 2, characterized in that, A retaining sleeve (25) is installed at the end of the axial through hole in the gearbox housing (21), and the head end of the impact piston rod (32) passes through the center hole of the retaining sleeve (25).

4. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact distribution housing (31) is detachably fitted with an end cover plate (35) to close the end opening of the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing (31). An upper cylinder (36) and a lower cylinder (37) arranged axially are installed in the axial through hole inside the impact distribution housing (31). The two ends of the impact piston rod (32) pass through the central holes of the upper cylinder (36) and the lower cylinder (37) respectively. The piston platform in the middle of the impact piston rod (32) is located at the connection between the upper cylinder (36) and the lower cylinder (37). The lower cylinder (37) is provided with oil supply holes (38) distributed around the central hole and used to supply oil to the end face of the piston platform.

5. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impact distribution housing (31) is provided with a lubricating oil and gas passage that connects to the inside of the gearbox housing (21).

6. The hydraulic rock drill according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The end face of the guide housing (11) is provided with a first cylindrical boss, which is sealed to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the gearbox housing (21). The end face of the gearbox housing (21) is provided with a second cylindrical boss, which is sealed to the first end opening of the axial through hole in the impact distribution housing (31).

7. The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide housing (11) is provided with a first flange platform (16) at its end, which is bolted to the front end face of the gearbox housing (21). The gearbox housing (21) is provided with a second flange platform (26) at its end, which is bolted to the front end face of the impact distribution housing (31).

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