Method for Judging Position of Welding Defects in Weld Seam and Reworking Position

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of welding, and specifically discloses a method for determining the position of a welding defect in a weld seam and the repair position. The method for determining the position of a welding defect in a weld seam and the repair position includes S10: obtaining image data of the base metal weld seam area through X-rays; S20: determining the type of the welding defect according to the image data; S30: determining the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld seam area according to the type of the welding defect and its position in the image data; S40: determining the repair position according to the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld seam area. This method first obtains the image data of the base metal weld seam area through X-rays, then determines the type of the welding defect and its position in the image data on the image data. Through the above two pieces of information, the specific position of the welding defect in the base metal weld seam area can be determined, and then the repair position of the welding defect on the base metal weld seam area can be determined according to this position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of welding, and particularly to a method for judging the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position. Background Art

[0002] Welding is one of the most important connection methods for steel structures. The quality of welding directly affects the quality and safety of steel structures. After welding operations in the construction of hulls, sections, and marine pipes, non-destructive flaw detection RT tests need to be carried out on important structures and weld seams. Due to reasons such as differences in welder skills, internal welding defects are inevitable after welding. Since the position of internal welding defects cannot be accurately determined, the repair position cannot be determined. Repeated repair work by staff not only wastes a large amount of time, manpower, and material resources, but in severe cases, it may even render the welded structure scrapped. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately determine the position of welding defects in the weld seam during the first repair, which can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for judging the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position, so as to solve the problem in related technologies that since the position of internal welding defects cannot be accurately determined, the repair position cannot be determined, and repeated repair work by staff not only wastes a large amount of time, manpower, and material resources, but in severe cases, it may even render the welded structure scrapped.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for judging the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position. The method for judging the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position includes:

[0005] S10: Obtain image data of the base metal weld area through X-rays;

[0006] S20: Judge the type of welding defect according to the image data;

[0007] S30: Determine the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area according to the type of welding defect and its position in the image data;

[0008] S40: Determine the repair position according to the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position, S20 includes:

[0010] If there are irregular and continuous or discontinuous black lines in the base metal weld area shown in the image data, there are crack defects;

[0011] If there are multiple parallel black lines in the base metal weld area shown in the image data, there are lack of fusion defects;

[0012] If there are dot-shaped or strip-shaped shadows with different widths and different blackness in the base metal weld area shown in the image data, there is a slag inclusion defect.

[0013] If there is a black circular contour shadow in the base metal weld area shown in the image data, there is a porosity defect.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S30 includes:

[0015] When the welding defect is the crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the crack defect exists in the weld root pass.

[0016] When the welding defect is the lack of fusion defect, if the weld root pass is clearly visible in the image data, the lack of fusion defect is between the weld root pass and the weld filling layer.

[0017] When the welding defect is the slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld cap layer; if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located near the weld root pass.

[0018] When the welding defect is the porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the porosity defect exists in the weld root pass; if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, the porosity defect exists in the weld cap layer or the weld filling layer.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S40 includes:

[0020] When the welding defect is the crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the crack defect exists in the weld root pass and can be repaired from the weld root pass surface.

[0021] When the welding defect is the lack of fusion defect, if the weld root pass is clearly visible in the image data, the lack of fusion position is between the weld root pass and the weld filling layer and can be repaired from the weld root pass.

[0022] When the welding defect is the slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld zone shown in the image data and the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld cap layer, it can be repaired from the weld cap layer; if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld zone shown in the image data, then the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld root layer and can be repaired from the weld root layer.

[0023] When the welding defect is the porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld zone shown in the image data, the porosity defect exists in the weld root layer and can be repaired from the weld root layer surface; if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, they exist in the weld cap layer or the weld filling layer and can be repaired from the weld cap layer.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, in S10: irradiate the base metal weld area with the X-ray and image on the imaging plate. After removing the film on the imaging plate, wash out the image negative in the darkroom and convert the image negative into the image data.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S10 further includes: using a scanner to convert the image negative into a digital image and obtaining the image data to be detected.

[0026] Detect the welding defects existing in the image data and the positions where the welding defects are located through the target detection algorithm.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S10 further includes: before scanning the image negative with the scanner, removing the parts of the image negative that are not related to the base metal weld area.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, before executing S10, first execute S00: observe whether there are welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area.

[0029] S01: If not, directly execute S10.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S02: If there are, repair the surface welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area, and execute S10 after the repair.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, in S02, remove the surface welding defects by grinding or patching.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] The present invention provides a method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position includes: S10: obtaining image data of the base metal weld seam area through X-rays; S20: determining the type of welding defects according to the image data; S30: determining the position of the welding defects in the base metal weld seam area according to the type of welding defects and their positions in the image data; S40: determining the repair position according to the position of the welding defects in the base metal weld seam area. When welding the base metal, due to reasons such as the non-standard operation of the operator or the external environment, various welding defects often exist in the base metal weld seam area. Therefore, it is necessary for maintenance personnel to determine the types of welding defects and the positions that need to be repaired. This method first obtains the image data of the base metal weld seam area through X-rays, and then determines the type of welding defects and their positions in the image data on the image data. Through these two pieces of information, the specific position of the welding defects in the base metal weld seam area can be determined, and then the repair position of the welding defects on the base metal weld seam area can be determined according to this position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the base metal weld seam area in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 100, base metal;

[0038] 1, base metal weld seam area; 11, weld root pass; 12, weld filler layer; 13, weld cap layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, when welding the base material 100, usually the root pass 11 of the weld is welded first, followed by the filler pass 12 of the weld, and finally the cap pass 13 of the weld. Therefore, the root pass 11, the filler pass 12 and the cap pass 13 of the weld form the bus weld region.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, the present embodiment provides a method for determining the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position. The method for determining the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position includes:

[0045] S00: Observe whether there are welding defects on the surface of the base material weld region 1.

[0046] In this step, directly observe with the naked eye whether there are welding defects on the surface of the bus bar weld area.

[0047] S01: If not, directly execute S10.

[0048] S02: If there are, repair the surface welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area 1, and execute S10 after repair.

[0049] Specifically, in S02, remove the surface welding defects by grinding or patching.

[0050] S10: Obtain the image data of the base metal weld area 1 through X-ray;

[0051] In this embodiment, specifically, in S10: irradiate the base metal weld area 1 with X-ray and image on the imaging plate. After removing the film on the imaging plate, wash out the image negative in the darkroom, and convert the image negative into image data.

[0052] Regarding how to convert the image negative into image data and how to find out the types and positions of defects according to the image data, specifically, S10 further includes: using a scanner to convert the image negative into a digital image to obtain the image data to be detected; detecting the welding defects and the positions where the welding defects are located in the image data through a target detection algorithm.

[0053] To prevent the areas on the image negative that are not related to the base metal weld area 1 from interfering with the detection of the welding defects and the positions where the welding defects are located in the image data by the target detection algorithm, in this embodiment, S10 further includes: before scanning the image negative with a scanner, removing the parts on the image negative that are not related to the base metal weld area 1.

[0054] S20: Judge the type of welding defect according to the image data.

[0055] In this embodiment, S20 specifically includes: if there are irregular and continuous or discontinuous black lines in the base metal weld area 1 shown in the image data, there are crack defects; if there are multiple parallel black lines in the base metal weld area 1 shown in the image data, there are lack of fusion defects; if there are dot-shaped or strip-shaped shadows with different widths and different blackness in the base metal weld area 1 shown in the image data, there are slag inclusion defects; if there are black circular contour shadows in the base metal weld area 1 shown in the image data, there are porosity defects.

[0056] S30: Determine the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area 1 according to the type of the welding defect and its position in the image data.

[0057] In this embodiment, S30 specifically includes: when the welding defect is a crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the crack defect exists in the root pass layer 11 of the weld; when the welding defect is an incomplete fusion defect, if the root pass layer 11 of the weld is clearly visible in the image data, then the incomplete fusion defect is between the root pass layer 11 and the filler layer 12 of the weld; when the welding defect is a slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the slag inclusion defect is located in the cap layer 13 of the weld; if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the slag inclusion defect is located in the root pass layer 11 of the weld; when the welding defect is a porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the porosity defect exists in the root pass layer 11 of the weld; if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, then the porosity defect exists in the cap layer 13 or the filler layer 12 of the weld.

[0058] S40: Determine the repair position according to the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area 1.

[0059] In this embodiment, S40 specifically includes: when the welding defect is a crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the crack defect exists in the root pass layer 11 of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the surface of the root pass layer 11; when the welding defect is an incomplete fusion defect, if the root pass layer 11 of the weld is clearly visible in the image data, then the incomplete fusion position is between the root pass layer 11 and the filler layer 12 of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the root pass layer 11; when the welding defect is a slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data and the slag inclusion defect is located in the cap layer 13 of the weld, repair can be carried out from the cap layer 13; if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the slag inclusion defect is located in the root pass layer 11 of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the root pass layer 11; when the welding defect is a porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld area displayed in the image data, then the porosity defect exists in the root pass layer 11 of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the surface of the root pass layer 11; if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, then they exist in the cap layer 13 or the filler layer 12 of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the cap layer 13.

[0060] This method first obtains the image data of the base metal weld area 1 through X-ray, then determines the type of welding defect and the position of the welding defect in the image data on the image data. Through these two pieces of information, the specific position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area 1 can be judged, and then the repair position of the welding defect on the base metal weld area 1 can be determined according to this position.

[0061] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, in S10: irradiate the base metal weld area 1 with the X-ray and image it on the imaging plate. After removing the film on the imaging plate, wash out the image negative in the darkroom and convert the image negative into the image data.

[0062] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S10 further includes: using a scanner to convert the image negative into a digital image and obtaining the image data to be detected;

[0063] Detect the welding defects existing in the image data and the positions where the welding defects are located through the target detection algorithm.

[0064] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S10 further includes: before scanning the image negative with the scanner, removing the parts of the image negative that are not relevant to the base metal weld area 1.

[0065] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, before executing S10, first execute S00: observe whether there are welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area 1,

[0066] S01: If not, directly execute S10.

[0067] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, S02: If so, repair the surface welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area 1, and execute S10 after the repair.

[0068] As a preferred technical solution of the method for judging the position of welding defects in the weld and the repair position, in S02, remove the surface welding defects by grinding or patching.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position, characterized in that, Including: S10: Obtain image data of the base metal weld area (1) through X-rays; S20: Judge the type of welding defect according to the image data; S30: Determine the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area (1) according to the type of welding defect and its position in the image data; S40: Determine the repair position according to the position of the welding defect in the base metal weld area (1) S20 includes: If there are irregular and continuous or discontinuous black lines in the base metal weld area (1) shown in the image data, there is a crack defect; If there are multiple parallel black lines in the base metal weld area (1) shown in the image data, there is an incomplete fusion defect; If there are dot-shaped or strip-shaped shadows with different widths and different blackness in the base metal weld area (1) shown in the image data, there is a slag inclusion defect; If there is a black circular contour shadow in the base metal weld area (1) shown in the image data, there is a porosity defect; S30 includes: When the welding defect is the crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the crack defect exists in the weld root layer (11); When the welding defect is the incomplete fusion defect, if the weld root layer (11) is clearly visible in the image data, the incomplete fusion defect is between the weld root layer (11) and the weld filling layer (12); When the welding defect is the slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld cap layer (13); if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located near the weld root layer (11); When the welding defect is the porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the porosity defect exists in the weld root layer (11); if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, the porosity defect exists in the weld cap layer (13) or the weld filling layer (12).

2. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 1, characterized in that, S40 includes: When the welding defect is the crack defect, if the crack defect is shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the crack defect exists in the weld root layer (11), and repair can be carried out from the surface of the weld root layer (11); When the welding defect is the incomplete fusion defect, if the weld root layer (11) is clearly visible in the image data, the incomplete fusion position is between the weld root layer (11) and the weld filling layer (12), and repair can be carried out from the weld root layer (11); When the welding defect is the slag inclusion defect, if the slag inclusion defect is close to the edge of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld cap layer (13), and repair can be carried out from the weld cap layer (13); if the slag inclusion defect is close to the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the slag inclusion defect is located in the weld root layer (11), and repair can be carried out from the weld root layer (11); When the welding defect is the porosity defect, if single or multiple chain-shaped pores are shown in the middle of the base metal weld area shown in the image data, the porosity defect exists in the root pass (11) of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the surface of the root pass (11) of the weld; if there are multiple honeycomb-shaped pores, they exist in the cover pass (13) or the filler pass (12) of the weld, and repair can be carried out from the cover pass (13) of the weld.

3. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S10: The base metal weld area (1) is irradiated with the X-ray and imaged on the imaging plate. After removing the film on the imaging plate, the image negative is developed in the darkroom, and the image negative is converted into the image data.

4. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 3, characterized in that, S10 further includes: using a scanner to convert the image negative into a digital image and obtaining the image data to be detected; The welding defects existing in the image data and the positions where the welding defects are located are detected by the target detection algorithm.

5. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 4, characterized in that, S10 further includes: before scanning the image negative with the scanner, removing the parts of the image negative that are not related to the base metal weld area (1).

6. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before executing S10, first execute S00: Observe whether there are welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area (1); S01: If not, directly execute S10.

7. The method for determining the position of welding defects in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 6, characterized in that, S02: If there are, repair the surface welding defects on the surface of the base metal weld area (1), and execute S10 after repair.

8. The method for determining the position of a welding defect in a weld seam and the repair position according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S02, the surface welding defects are removed by grinding or patching.

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