A cold storage type automobile thermal management system based on an air-floating centrifugal compressor

Abstract

The application relates to a cold storage type automobile thermal management system based on a gas-floating centrifugal compressor, which comprises a refrigeration circuit configured to circulate refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit can cool heat exchange medium in a heat exchange medium circuit; a refrigeration system component arranged on the refrigeration circuit, wherein the refrigeration system component comprises a gas-floating centrifugal compressor configured to compress the refrigerant; a cold storage branch communicating with the refrigeration circuit at both ends; a cold storage component arranged on the cold storage branch, wherein the cold storage component comprises a cold storage device and is configured to store and release cold energy; a heat exchange medium circuit for circulating heat exchange medium to cool or heat a battery pack and / or a passenger cabin; a first heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and the heat exchange medium circuit; a second heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and air; and a third heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the heat exchange medium circuit and air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and in particular to a cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automotive thermal management systems control the operation of components such as compressors entirely based on the actual cooling needs of the passenger compartment and battery. However, due to their inherent characteristics, compressors and other components do not actually operate at their optimal efficiency point in a large proportion of operating conditions. This results in a low actual coefficient of performance (COP) of the system and a significant waste of energy.

[0003] To meet different operating load requirements, core components such as compressors, expansion valves, and electric fans need to constantly adjust their working status, resulting in frequent increases and decreases in speed or opening, and even frequent start-stop situations. This will greatly affect the reliability and service life of the various moving parts of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address at least some of the problems mentioned above in the prior art, the present invention provides a cold storage-type automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor, comprising:

[0005] A refrigeration circuit configured to allow refrigerant to circulate, wherein the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit is capable of cooling the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circuit.

[0006] A refrigeration system component disposed on a refrigeration circuit, wherein the refrigeration system component includes an air-float centrifugal compressor configured to compress refrigerant;

[0007] A cold storage branch, both ends of which are connected to the refrigeration circuit;

[0008] A cold storage assembly is disposed on the cold storage branch, the cold storage assembly includes a cold storage device and is configured to store and release cold energy, wherein a portion of the cold storage device is connected to the cold storage branch and another portion is connected to the heat exchange medium circuit.

[0009] Heat exchange medium loop, which is used to circulate heat exchange medium to cool or heat the battery pack and / or passenger compartment;

[0010] The first heat exchange device is configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and the heat exchange medium circuit;

[0011] The second heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and the air.

[0012] The third heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat between the heat exchange medium loop and the air.

[0013] Further, the heat exchange medium circuit includes a main heat exchange medium circuit and a first heat exchange branch, a heating branch, and a second heat exchange branch connected to the main heat exchange medium circuit, wherein the first heat exchange branch, the heating branch, and the second heat exchange branch are connected in parallel, and the battery pack is disposed on the first heat exchange branch; and / or

[0014] The refrigeration circuit includes a main refrigeration circuit and a first refrigeration branch circuit and a second refrigeration branch circuit connected to the main refrigeration circuit, wherein the first refrigeration branch circuit and the second refrigeration branch circuit are connected in parallel, and the air flotation centrifugal compressor is installed on the main refrigeration circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, the refrigeration system component also includes:

[0016] A condenser is installed on the main refrigeration line and connected to the air-float centrifugal compressor;

[0017] A first throttling element is disposed on the first refrigeration branch and is connected to the condenser;

[0018] The second throttling element is disposed on the second refrigeration branch and is connected to the condenser.

[0019] Furthermore, a portion of the first heat exchange device is connected to a refrigeration circuit, and another portion is connected to a heat exchange medium circuit, wherein the first heat exchange device includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through;

[0020] The second heat exchange device includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for air to flow through;

[0021] The second heat exchange device is installed on the second refrigeration branch;

[0022] The third heat exchange device includes a first inlet and a first outlet for air to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through;

[0023] The third heat exchange device is installed on the second heat exchange branch;

[0024] The cold storage device includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0026] An electric heater, which is installed on the heating branch, is used to heat the heat exchange medium;

[0027] A cold storage throttling element is disposed on the cold storage branch;

[0028] The first three-way proportional valve is installed on the main circuit of the heat exchange medium. Its first path is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchange device, its second path is connected to the first path of the third three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, and its third path is connected to the first heat exchange branch.

[0029] The second three-way proportional valve is installed on the main circuit of the heat exchange medium. Its first path is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchange device and the first heat exchange branch, its second path is connected to the second inlet of the cold storage device and the second heat exchange branch, and its third path is connected to the heating branch.

[0030] The third three-way proportional valve is installed on the main circuit of the heat exchange medium. Its first path is connected to the first path of the first three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, its second path is connected to the second outlet of the cold storage device, and its third path is connected to the second heat exchange branch.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0032] A first water pump is installed on the first heat exchange branch and a second water pump is installed on the second heat exchange branch. The first water pump and the second water pump are configured to provide power for the circulating flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0033] An electric fan is mounted on the condenser;

[0034] A blower, which is connected to the second heat exchange device and the third heat exchange device.

[0035] Furthermore, the air-float centrifugal compressor includes:

[0036] An electric motor, comprising:

[0037] The shell has a first chamber and a second chamber respectively located at its two ends; and

[0038] The rotor is equipped with an air-bearing radial bearing, and a thrust disk is provided at the end of the rotor. An air-bearing thrust bearing is provided on one or both sides of the thrust disk.

[0039] An impeller is arranged at the end of the rotor and located within the first chamber and / or the second chamber;

[0040] An air inlet, which is connected to the air inlet of the first chamber;

[0041] An exhaust port, which communicates with the exhaust port of the second chamber; and

[0042] The connecting pipe has its two ends connected to the air outlet of the first chamber and the air inlet of the second chamber, respectively.

[0043] Furthermore, the air-float centrifugal compressor also includes:

[0044] A thrust disk is disposed at the end of the rotor;

[0045] A thrust bearing, which is disposed on one or both sides of the thrust disk, and is an air-bearing bearing;

[0046] An interstage air supply port is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0047] Furthermore, when one or both of the first and second throttling elements are in the open state, and W 压缩机 >W 电池 +W 乘客舱 At that time, the cold storage throttling element is activated, and the activation ratio of the cold storage throttling element is adjusted in real time according to the difference in mass production cold capacity, where W 压缩机 W represents the cooling capacity of the compressor. 电池 To meet the cooling requirements of the battery pack, W 乘客舱 The required cooling capacity for the passenger cabin;

[0048] When the cooling capacity of the cold storage device is detected to be saturated, the compressor is shut down and the first water pump and / or the second water pump are started. The cooling capacity in the cold storage device is released through the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circuit, and the cooling capacity is released to the battery pack and / or the third heat exchange device through heat exchange medium circulation.

[0049] Furthermore, when the compressor is running, the battery pack cooling process includes:

[0050] The first and third ports of the first three-way proportional valve are open, while the second port is closed. The first, second, and third ports of the second and third three-way proportional valves are all closed.

[0051] The first throttling element is turned on, the first water pump is running, the first throttling element throttles the incoming refrigerant, the throttled refrigerant expands rapidly and enters the first heat exchange device, in the first heat exchange device, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat exchange medium, causing the heat exchange medium to drop to the expected temperature, the cooled heat exchange medium enters the first heat exchange branch to cool the battery pack, and then enters the first heat exchange device again.

[0052] When the compressor is running, the cooling process for the passenger cabin includes:

[0053] The second throttling element opens, throttling the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly and enters the second heat exchanger. The blower draws in air and delivers it to the second heat exchanger. In the second heat exchanger, the throttled and expanded refrigerant exchanges heat with the air, absorbing heat from the air and thus lowering the air to the desired temperature.

[0054] Furthermore, when the compressor is off, the cold energy in the cold storage unit is used to cool the battery pack and passenger cabin, including:

[0055] When both the battery pack and the passenger compartment require cooling, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and second paths of the second three-way proportional valve are open, and its third path is closed; the first, second, and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve are open.

[0056] When only the battery pack needs cooling, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and second paths of the second three-way proportional valve are open, and its third path is closed; the first and second paths of the third three-way proportional valve are open, and its third path is closed.

[0057] When only the passenger cabin needs cooling, the first and second channels of the first three-way proportional valve are closed, the first and second channels of the second three-way proportional valve are closed, and the second and third channels of the third three-way proportional valve are open, while the first channel is closed.

[0058] Furthermore, using the cold energy in the cold storage device to cool the battery pack also includes: the operation of a first water pump, the heat exchange medium exchanging heat with the cold storage working fluid in the cold storage device, causing the heat exchange medium to drop to the expected temperature, the cooled heat exchange medium entering the first heat exchange branch to cool the battery pack, and then entering the cold storage device again.

[0059] The use of the cold energy in the cold storage device to cool the passenger cabin also includes: the operation of a second water pump, the heat exchange medium cooled by the cold storage medium in the cold storage device entering the second heat exchange branch, reaching the third heat exchange device, the blower drawing in air and delivering it to the third heat exchange device, in the third heat exchange device, the heat exchange medium and the air exchange heat, the heat exchange medium absorbs the heat in the air, thereby lowering the air to the expected temperature.

[0060] Furthermore, when the battery pack and passenger compartment require heating, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, and its second and third paths are opened; the first, second, and third paths of the second three-way proportional valve are opened; and the first and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve are opened, while its second path is closed.

[0061] When only the battery pack needs heating, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and third paths of the second three-way proportional valve are open, and its second path is closed; the first path of the third three-way proportional valve is closed.

[0062] When heating is only required in the passenger cabin, the second path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the first path of the second three-way proportional valve is closed, and the second and third paths are open; the first and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve are open, and the second path is closed.

[0063] Furthermore, the compressor and cold storage device are shut down, and the electric heater is started to heat the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater can heat the battery pack or passenger compartment, and can also be divided into two paths to heat the battery pack and passenger compartment simultaneously.

[0064] When heating the battery pack, the first water pump is turned on, and the heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater enters the first heat exchange branch to heat the battery pack.

[0065] When heating the passenger cabin, the second water pump is turned on, and the heat exchange medium, heated by the electric heater, enters the second heat exchange branch and reaches the third heat exchange device. At the same time, the blower draws in air and delivers it to the third heat exchange device. In the third heat exchange device, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the air to heat the passenger cabin.

[0066] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The disclosed invention provides a cold storage-type automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor. This automotive thermal management system is equipped with a super cold storage device. Depending on different ambient temperatures and vehicle operating conditions, the compressor always operates at its maximum efficiency point. Excess cooling capacity is stored in the cold storage device. When the cold storage device is saturated, the compressor stops operating, and the cold storage device releases the cooling capacity. This method ensures that the compressor always operates at its optimal efficiency point, greatly improving the system's energy utilization rate. The cold storage device uses a high-performance cold storage medium material capable of storing more than 5kW of cooling capacity. This allows for the storage of a large amount of excess cooling capacity, ensuring that a single release can meet cooling needs for a long period, avoiding frequent compressor start-stop cycles. In this solution, when the cold storage device is cooling, it cools the passenger compartment through a heat exchange core. This structure can also be used to heat the passenger compartment, simplifying the structure and effectively reducing piping costs. The air-floating centrifugal compressor used in this automotive thermal management system employs air-floating bearings, eliminating the need for oil lubrication and saving on compressor oil costs by eliminating the need for oil return lines. Furthermore, because the motor rotor is suspended by an air film rather than in contact with the bearing during operation, the bearing life can be increased by at least 100%, improving the reliability of the compressor and the thermal management system. Using air-floating bearings and eliminating the need for compressor oil improves refrigerant heat exchange efficiency, increasing cooling capacity by more than 5% compared to traditional compressors with compressor oil. Aftermarket repairs and component replacements no longer require compressor oil replenishment. For the same cooling capacity, the air-floating centrifugal compressor based on a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor reduces volume by approximately 30% and weight by approximately 50% compared to a scroll compressor, saving more space for new energy vehicles and contributing to their lightweight design. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the various embodiments of the present invention, a more specific description of the embodiments of the invention will be presented with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not intended to limit its scope. In the drawings, identical or corresponding parts will be indicated by identical or similar reference numerals for clarity.

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the configuration of an air flotation centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0070] Figures 3a-3d Schematic diagrams of the configurations of air-float centrifugal compressors according to other embodiments of the present invention are shown respectively;

[0071] Figures 4a-4d The following are schematic diagrams showing the configurations of different rotor systems in the air-float centrifugal compressor according to embodiments of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the structure of a small-capacity air-float centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0073] Figure 6 This diagram shows a cross-sectional schematic of a small-capacity air-float centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0074] It should be noted that the components in the accompanying drawings may be shown exaggerated for illustrative purposes and may not be to scale.

[0075] In this invention, the various embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the solutions of the invention and should not be construed as limiting.

[0076] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the quantifiers “a” and “one” do not exclude scenarios involving multiple elements.

[0077] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, only a portion of the parts or components may be shown for clarity and simplicity. However, those skilled in the art will understand that, under the teachings of the present invention, the required parts or components can be added as needed for specific scenarios.

[0078] It should also be noted that within the scope of this invention, the terms "same", "equal", and "equal to" do not mean that the two values ​​are absolutely equal, but allow for a certain reasonable error. In other words, the terms also cover "substantially the same", "substantially equal", and "substantially equal to".

[0079] It should also be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not explicitly or implicitly suggest that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0080] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention describe the process steps in a specific order; however, this is only for the convenience of distinguishing each step, and is not intended to limit the order of the steps. In different embodiments of the present invention, the order of each step can be adjusted according to the process.

[0081] In this invention, high temperature > medium temperature > low temperature, and high pressure > low pressure.

[0082] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, a cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor includes:

[0084] The refrigeration circuit is used to circulate refrigerant and includes a main refrigeration circuit 10 and a first refrigeration branch circuit 11 and a second refrigeration branch circuit 12 connected to the main refrigeration circuit 10, wherein the first refrigeration branch circuit 11 and the second refrigeration branch circuit 12 are connected in parallel.

[0085] Refrigeration system components, which are installed on the refrigeration circuit;

[0086] The cold storage branch 20 is connected to the refrigeration circuit at both ends and is connected in parallel with the first refrigeration branch 11 and the second refrigeration branch 12.

[0087] A cold storage assembly, installed on the cold storage branch 20, includes a cold storage device 21 and a cold storage throttling element 22. The cold storage device 21 is configured to store and release cold energy, and includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant flow, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium flow. A portion of the cold storage device 21 is connected to the cold storage branch 20, and another portion is connected to the heat exchange medium loop. The cold storage device 21 adopts a heat insulation design with a heat preservation efficiency of over 95% for 1 hour. It uses a high-performance cold storage working fluid material and can store over 5kW of cold energy. The cold storage throttling element 22 is configured to throttle the refrigerant to reduce its temperature and pressure.

[0088] A heat exchange medium circuit is used to circulate a heat exchange medium for cooling or heating the battery pack or passenger compartment. The heat exchange medium circuit includes a main heat exchange medium circuit 30 and a first heat exchange branch 31, a heating branch 32, and a second heat exchange branch 33 connected to the main heat exchange medium circuit 30, wherein the first heat exchange branch 31, the heating branch 32, and the second heat exchange branch 33 are connected in parallel. The battery pack 1 is disposed on the first heat exchange branch 31.

[0089] The refrigeration system components include an air-float centrifugal compressor 41, a condenser 42, a first throttling element 43, and a second throttling element 44. The air-float centrifugal compressor 41 is configured to compress the refrigerant. The condenser 42 is connected to the air-float centrifugal compressor 41 and is configured to condense the refrigerant. The first throttling element 43 is located on the first refrigeration branch 11. The second throttling element 44 is located on the second refrigeration branch 12. Both the first throttling element 43 and the second throttling element 44 are connected to the condenser 42. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the air-float centrifugal compressor 41 is condensed into a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid by the condenser 42. The function of the throttling elements is to throttle the refrigerant to reduce its temperature and pressure, transforming the medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant. The throttling elements include an expansion valve, a capillary tube, and a throttling pipe. The medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant is transformed into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant by the first throttling element 43 and the second throttling element 44.

[0090] A cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor further includes a first heat exchange device 50, a portion of which is connected to a refrigeration circuit and another portion to a heat exchange medium circuit, and is configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and the heat exchange medium circuit. The first heat exchange device includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for the heat exchange medium to flow through. A second heat exchange device 51 is disposed on a second refrigeration branch 12 and is configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and air. The second heat exchange device 51 includes a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for air to flow through. An electric heater 52 is disposed on a heating branch 32 for heating the heat exchange medium. A third heat exchange device 53 is disposed on a second heat exchange branch 33 and is configured to transfer heat between the heat exchange medium circuit and air. The third heat exchange device 53 includes a first inlet and a first outlet for air to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for the heat exchange medium to flow through. The first heat exchange device 50 includes a plate heat exchanger. The second heat exchange device 51 includes an evaporator. The third heat exchange device 53 includes a heat exchange core.

[0091] A cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor further includes a first three-way proportional valve 61, a second three-way proportional valve 62, and a third three-way proportional valve 63 disposed on the main heat exchange medium circuit 30. The two ends of the first heat exchange branch 31 are respectively connected to the first three-way proportional valve 61 and the main heat exchange medium circuit 30; the two ends of the heating branch 32 are respectively connected to the second three-way proportional valve 62 and the main heat exchange medium circuit 30; and the two ends of the second heat exchange branch 33 are respectively connected to the third three-way proportional valve 63 and the main heat exchange medium circuit 30.

[0092] The three-way proportional valves used can achieve full opening or full closing of all three channels, or connection of any two channels, and can also be proportionally adjusted according to needs. This structure can fully meet the requirements of cooling and heating under various operating conditions. The third channel of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is connected to the first heat exchange branch 31, its first channel is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchange device 50, and its second channel is connected to the first channel of the third three-way proportional valve 63 and the heating branch 32. The third channel of the second three-way proportional valve 62 is connected to the heating branch 32, its first channel is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchange device 50 and the first heat exchange branch 31, and its second channel is connected to the second inlet of the cold storage device 21 and the second heat exchange branch 33. The third channel of the third three-way proportional valve 63 is connected to the second heat exchange branch 33, its first channel is connected to the second channel of the first three-way proportional valve 61 and the heating branch 32, and its second channel is connected to the second outlet of the cold storage device 21.

[0093] A cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor further includes a first water pump 34 disposed on a first heat exchange branch 31 and a second water pump 35 disposed on a second heat exchange branch 33, the first water pump 34 and the second water pump 35 being configured to power the circulating flow of the heat exchange medium; an electric fan 45 mounted on a condenser 42; and a blower 46 connected to a second heat exchange device 51 and a third heat exchange device 53. The blower 46 is capable of drawing in air and delivering it to the second heat exchange device 51 or the third heat exchange device 53.

[0094] The heat exchange medium circulation of the aforementioned air-float centrifugal compressor-based cold storage automotive thermal management system is a multi-parallel structure. The first water pump 34 and the second water pump 35 serve as the power sources for heat exchange between the battery pack and the passenger compartment, respectively. The first heat exchange device 50 and the cold storage device 21 are located at both ends of the main heat exchange medium loop 30, respectively transferring heat from the refrigerant and the cold storage medium to the heat exchange medium. The first heat exchange branch 31 and the second heat exchange branch 33 are connected in parallel in the middle. A heating branch 32 is also connected in parallel between the first heat exchange branch 31 and the second heat exchange branch 33. The flow direction of the heat exchange medium is switched throughout the loop via a three-way proportional valve.

[0095] When the above-mentioned cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor is running, the refrigerant circulation process is as follows:

[0096] The air-float centrifugal compressor 41 serves as the power source for the refrigerant circulation within the system, compressing the refrigerant. The compressed, high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant then travels through the main refrigeration path 10 to the condenser 42. An electric fan 45 draws ambient air into the condenser fins, where the condenser 42 exchanges heat between the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant and the air. The condensed refrigerant is then divided into three paths: one enters the first refrigeration branch 11, reaching the first throttling element 43; another enters the second refrigeration branch 12, reaching the second throttling element 44; and the final path enters the cold storage branch 20, reaching the cold storage throttling element 20.

[0097] When the first throttling element 43 is opened, it throttles the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and enters the first heat exchange device 50. In the first heat exchange device 50, the throttled refrigerant absorbs heat from the heat exchange medium, thereby lowering the heat exchange medium to the expected temperature to meet the cooling requirements of the battery pack. The refrigerant then becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas and returns to the air-float centrifugal compressor 41.

[0098] When the second throttling element 44 is opened, it throttles the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and enters the second heat exchange device 51. In the second heat exchange device 51, the throttled and expanded refrigerant exchanges heat with the air. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the air, thereby lowering the air to the expected temperature and achieving the cooling effect. After evaporation and heat absorption, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas and returns to the air-float centrifugal compressor 41.

[0099] When the cold storage throttling element 22 is opened, it throttles the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and enters the cold storage device 21. The working fluid in the cold storage device 21 exchanges heat with the throttled and expanded refrigerant. The refrigerant absorbs the heat from the cold storage working fluid, thereby lowering the temperature of the cold storage working fluid and realizing the collection of cold energy in the cold storage device. After evaporation and heat absorption, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas and returns to the air-float centrifugal compressor 41.

[0100] The automotive thermal management system determines the cooling capacity (W) required by the battery pack. 电池 Cooling requirements for passenger cabin (W) 乘客舱 The air-floating centrifugal compressor was developed and designed to withstand maximum extreme cooling loads, meaning that the optimal efficiency point of the air-floating centrifugal compressor under the same operating conditions can meet W. 电池 and W 乘客舱The maximum refrigeration load ensures that the air-float centrifugal compressor can operate at its best under any conditions.

[0101] The first throttling element 43 before the first heat exchange device 50 and the second throttling element 44 before the second heat exchange device 51 are respectively controlled in real time to open their opening status and opening size according to the cooling requirements of the battery pack 1 and the cooling requirements of the passenger cabin. That is, only one throttling element can be opened, or both can be opened at the same time.

[0102] When the aforementioned cold storage-type automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor is in operation, priority is given to cooling the battery pack, followed by cooling the passenger compartment. Only when the system has surplus capacity will the cold storage throttling element 22 before the cold storage device be activated. The activation of the cold storage throttling element 22 before the cold storage device 21 requires the following two conditions: first, one or both of the first throttling element 43 and the second throttling element 44 must be in the activated state; second, the cooling capacity W of the air-float centrifugal compressor 41 must be met. 压缩机 The required cooling capacity (W) for the battery pack 电池 The required cooling capacity W of the passenger cabin 乘客舱 The relationship is determined. When one or both of the first throttling element 43 and the second throttling element 44 are in the open state, and W 压缩机 >W 电池 +W 乘客舱 The cold storage throttling element 22 before the cold storage device 21 is opened, and the opening ratio of the cold storage throttling element 22 is adjusted in real time according to the difference in mass production cooling capacity. The difference in mass production cooling capacity refers to the cooling capacity W of the air-float centrifugal compressor. 压缩机 The required cooling capacity W for the battery pack 电池 The required cooling capacity W of the passenger cabin 乘客舱 The difference between the sums. The cold storage device 21 adopts a closed insulation design with a heat preservation efficiency of over 95% for 1 hour. The internal cold storage medium material has good properties and can store more than 5kW of cold energy.

[0103] During actual vehicle operation, ambient temperature and vehicle speed change in real time. Therefore, based on the different real-time ambient temperature and vehicle operating conditions, the air-float centrifugal compressor maintains a good pressure ratio, allowing it to operate at its optimal efficiency point to ensure the system's best coefficient of performance (COP).

[0104] The above-mentioned cooling operation of the cold storage-type automotive thermal management system based on the air-float centrifugal compressor is as follows: The air-float centrifugal compressor 41 compresses the refrigerant, which is then condensed by the condenser. The condensed refrigerant is divided into three paths, which enter the positions of the first throttling element 43, the second throttling element 44, and the cold storage throttling element 22, respectively. The opening degree of the first throttling element 43 and the second throttling element 44 is automatically adjusted according to the cooling demand of the passenger compartment and the battery pack, respectively. If the cooling demand of the passenger compartment and the battery pack is met, the cold storage throttling element 22 is opened, allowing the refrigerant to enter the cold storage device 21, which stores the cold energy. When the cold storage device 21 is detected to be saturated, the air-float centrifugal compressor 41 is shut down, and the first water pump 34 and / or the second water pump 35 are started. The cold energy in the cold storage device 21 is released through the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circuit, and the cold energy is released to the battery pack 1 and / or the third heat exchange device 53 through heat exchange medium circulation. Under the action of the three-way proportional valve, the heat exchange medium does not pass through the electric heater 52 and the first heat exchange device 50. At this time, the passenger cabin no longer uses the second heat exchange device 51 for cooling, but uses the third heat exchange device 53 for cooling.

[0105] Specifically, the cooling process for the battery pack during operation of the air flotation centrifugal compressor is as follows:

[0106] The first three-way proportional valve 61 has its first and third channels open and its second channel closed; the second three-way proportional valve 62 has its first, second, and third channels closed; and the third three-way proportional valve 63 has its first, second, and third channels closed.

[0107] When the first throttling element 43 is turned on, the first water pump 34 starts running. The first throttling element 43 throttles the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly and enters the first heat exchange device 50. In the first heat exchange device 50, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat exchange medium, causing the heat exchange medium to drop to the expected temperature. The cooled heat exchange medium enters the first heat exchange branch 31 to cool the battery pack 1, and then enters the first heat exchange device 50 again.

[0108] When the air-float centrifugal compressor is running, the process of cooling the passenger cabin is as follows: The second throttling element 44 is opened, and the second throttling element 44 throttles the incoming refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant expands rapidly and enters the second heat exchange device 51. The blower 46 draws in air and delivers it to the second heat exchange device 51. In the second heat exchange device 51, the throttled and expanded refrigerant exchanges heat with the air. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the air, thereby lowering the air to the expected temperature and achieving the cooling effect.

[0109] When the air-float centrifugal compressor is shut down, the cold energy in the cold storage unit is used to cool the battery pack and passenger cabin, including:

[0110] When both the battery pack and the passenger compartment require cooling, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and second paths of the second three-way proportional valve 62 are open, and its third path is closed; the first, second, and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve 63 are open.

[0111] When only the battery pack needs cooling, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and second paths of the second three-way proportional valve 62 are open, and its third path is closed; the first and second paths of the third three-way proportional valve 63 are open, and its third path is closed.

[0112] When only the passenger cabin needs cooling, the first and second channels of the first three-way proportional valve 61 are closed, the first and second channels of the second three-way proportional valve 62 are closed, and the second and third channels of the third three-way proportional valve 63 are opened while the first channel is closed.

[0113] Battery pack cooling: The first water pump 34 operates, and the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the cold storage working medium in the cold storage device 21, so that the heat exchange medium drops to the expected temperature. The cooled heat exchange medium enters the first heat exchange branch 31 to cool the battery pack 1, and then enters the cold storage device 21 again.

[0114] Cooling the passenger cabin: The second water pump 35 operates, and the heat exchange medium cooled by the cold storage medium in the cold storage device 21 enters the second heat exchange branch 33 and reaches the third heat exchange device 53. The blower 46 draws in air and delivers it to the third heat exchange device 53. In the third heat exchange device 53, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the air. The heat exchange medium absorbs heat from the air, thereby lowering the air to the expected temperature and achieving the cooling effect.

[0115] The above-mentioned cold storage automotive thermal management system based on an air-float centrifugal compressor operates in heating mode:

[0116] When the battery pack and passenger compartment require heating, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is closed, and its second and third paths are opened; the first, second, and third paths of the second three-way proportional valve 62 are opened; and the first and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve 63 are opened, while its second path is closed.

[0117] When only the battery pack has a heating requirement, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is closed, and its second and third paths are open; the first and third paths of the second three-way proportional valve 62 are open, and its second path is closed; the first path of the third three-way proportional valve 63 is closed.

[0118] When only the passenger cabin requires heating, the second path of the first three-way proportional valve 61 is closed, the first path of the second three-way proportional valve 62 is closed, and the second and third paths are open; the first and third paths of the third three-way proportional valve 63 are open, and the second path is closed.

[0119] Turn off the air flotation centrifugal compressor 41 and the cold storage device 21, and start the electric heater 52 to heat the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater 52 can heat the battery pack 1 or the passenger compartment, and can also be divided into two paths to heat the battery pack 1 and the passenger compartment at the same time.

[0120] The first water pump 34 is turned on, and the heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater 52 enters the first heat exchange branch 31 to heat the battery pack 1.

[0121] The second water pump 35 is turned on, and the heat exchange medium, heated by the electric heater 52, enters the second heat exchange branch 33 and reaches the third heat exchange device 53. At the same time, the blower 46 draws in air and delivers it to the third heat exchange device 53. In the third heat exchange device 53, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the air to heat the passenger compartment. The first heat exchange branch 31 and the second heat exchange branch 33 are in a completely parallel state. When the above-mentioned cold storage automotive thermal management system based on the air flotation centrifugal compressor is in operation, the heat exchange medium does not pass through the first heat exchange device 50 and the cold storage device 21 under the action of the three-way proportional valve.

[0122] The air-float centrifugal compressor compresses low-temperature, low-pressure gas entering through the inlet into high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is then discharged from the outlet. The structure and working principle of the air-float centrifugal compressor are described in detail below.

[0123] In embodiments of the present invention, the term "main gas path" refers to the gas flow path through which gas enters the compressor via the inlet, is compressed, and then exits via the outlet. The term "high-pressure side" refers to the side of the compressor with higher internal pressure, i.e., the side where the final stage impeller is located, while the term "low-pressure side" refers to the side of the compressor relative to the high-pressure side. Under normal circumstances, gas flows from the high-pressure side through the air bearing to the low-pressure side and then returns to the main gas path.

[0124] Figure 2 and Figures 3a-3d Schematic diagrams of the configurations of the air-float centrifugal compressor according to different embodiments of the present invention are shown. As shown, in an embodiment of the invention, the air-float centrifugal compressor includes a motor and an impeller 200. The rotor system of the motor includes a radial air-float bearing 111. When the motor shaft rotates, the radial air-float bearing draws in gas, forming an air film that supports the high-speed rotation of the rotor. Simultaneously, a thrust bearing (if present) also forms an air film, resulting in no contact between the thrust shaft and the bearing, minimal bearing wear, and significant reduction or even elimination of mechanical losses and noise. As shown, the impeller 200 is located at the end of the rotor 101 and is used to compress low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to form high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas that is discharged into the condenser. Here, the terms "radial" and "axial" refer to the radial and axial directions of the rotor or its rotation axis.

[0125] Figures 4a-4dSchematic diagrams of different rotor system configurations in the air-float centrifugal compressor according to embodiments of the present invention are shown. As shown in the figures, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor system 101 includes two radial bearings with a certain distance between them, and they can be symmetrically distributed on the rotor. In one embodiment of the present invention, the radial bearings are foil-type dynamic pressure air-float bearings, which can form an air film when gas is introduced into the bearing position, thereby achieving the air-float effect.

[0126] To withstand the axial thrust generated during compressor operation, in one embodiment of the invention, the rotor system further includes a thrust disk 112 and a thrust bearing 113. The thrust disk 112 and thrust bearing 113 are optional. Figures 4a-4d As shown, the thrust disk 112 can be located at any end of the rotor, or one thrust disk 112 can be located at each end of the rotor. When only one thrust disk is provided, a thrust bearing 113 can be provided on each side of the thrust disk 112, as shown in the figure. The working surfaces of the two thrust bearings 113 face the thrust disk 112, so they can withstand axial thrust in different directions. Specifically, the axial thrust directions that the two thrust bearings 113 can withstand are opposite. When two thrust disks are provided, a thrust bearing 113 can be provided on opposite sides of the two thrust disks 112, or on opposite sides, as shown in the figure. The working surfaces of the two thrust bearings 113 face the thrust disk 112, so they can withstand axial thrust in different directions. Specifically, the axial thrust directions that the two thrust bearings 113 can withstand are opposite. In one embodiment of the present invention, the thrust bearing is a foil-type hydrodynamic air bearing. When gas is introduced into the bearing position, an air film can be formed, thereby achieving an air flotation effect.

[0127] like Figure 2 and Figures 3a-3d As described above, in different embodiments of the present invention, single-stage, double-stage, or multi-stage impellers can be configured according to actual needs. Specifically, when only a single-stage impeller is configured, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3a As shown, the impeller 200 can be located at either end of the rotor. The side with the impeller can be designated as the high-pressure side, and the side without the impeller as the low-pressure side. When two stages of impellers are provided, as... Figure 3b and 3c As shown, the two impellers can be respectively installed at both ends of the rotor, or both can be installed at any end of the rotor. When they are respectively installed at both ends of the rotor, the side with the first-stage impeller can be designated as the low-pressure side, and the side with the second-stage impeller can be designated as the high-pressure side. When both are installed at one end of the rotor, the side with the impeller can be designated as the high-pressure side, and the side without the impeller can be designated as the low-pressure side. Similarly, as... Figure 3dAs shown, when multiple impellers are installed, the impellers can be equally or unequally distributed at both ends of the rotor, or all can be installed at any one end of the rotor. When they are distributed at both ends of the rotor, the side with the preceding impeller can be designated as the low-pressure side, and the side with the following impeller can be designated as the high-pressure side. When all impellers are installed at one end of the rotor, the side with the impellers can be designated as the high-pressure side, and the side without impellers can be designated as the low-pressure side. Based on this, as... Figure 2 and 3a As shown in -3d, when the rotor rotates, a portion of the high-pressure gas compressed by the impeller in the main gas path enters the radial bearing on the high-pressure side under pressure, then passes through the air gap between the motor stator and rotor into the radial bearing on the low-pressure side, and returns to the main gas path. When a thrust disc and thrust bearing are provided, the high-pressure gas also forms a gas film through the thrust bearing, bearing the axial thrust. To effectively reduce the axial thrust on the thrust bearing, in one embodiment of the present invention, the impeller on the low-pressure side and the impeller on the high-pressure side are arranged back-to-back, so that the axial thrust directions of the impellers on the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side are opposite, thus canceling each other out. In one embodiment of the present invention, the impeller is a closed impeller. In one embodiment of the present invention, the impeller is fixed to the rotor by a locking nut.

[0128] The following is an example Figure 3b Taking the configuration shown as an example, the specific structure and working principle of the air-float centrifugal compressor in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail. It should be understood that the structure and working principle of air-float centrifugal compressors with other configurations are basically the same as those in this embodiment, with the only difference being the number and position of the impellers and / or the number and position of the thrust disks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0129] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The figures show a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of a small-capacity air-float centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a small-capacity air-float centrifugal compressor includes a motor 100, an impeller, an air inlet 301, an air outlet 302, and a connecting pipe 303.

[0130] The motor 100 includes a rotor 101, a stator 102, and a housing 103. The stator 102 is fixed inside the housing 103, and the central axis of the rotor 101 coincides with the central axis of the stator 102. The rotor 101 is provided with two radial air bearings 111, and a thrust disk 112 is provided on the side near the air inlet 301. An air-bearing thrust bearing 113 is provided on each side of the thrust disk. The two thrust bearings are arranged opposite to each other to withstand the axial thrust directed towards the low-pressure side or the high-pressure side, respectively.

[0131] As shown in the figure, the housing 103 has a first chamber and a second chamber at its two ends. The inlet of the first chamber is connected to the inlet 301 of the compressor; that is, the inlet 301 is the inlet of the first chamber. A first impeller 201 is installed in the first chamber and fixed to the first end of the rotor 101. A connecting pipe 303 connects the first and second chambers. Gas compressed by the first impeller 201 flows out of the outlet of the first chamber, enters the connecting pipe 303, and then enters the second chamber through the inlet of the second chamber. A second impeller 202 is installed in the second chamber and fixed to the second end of the rotor 101. Most of the gas compressed by the second impeller 202 flows out of the outlet of the second chamber, which is connected to the exhaust port 302 of the compressor; that is, the exhaust port 302 is the outlet of the second chamber. As shown in the figure, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first end cover 135 and a second end cover 136 are respectively provided at the air outlets of the first chamber and the second chamber. There are gaps between the first end cover 135 and the second end cover 136 and the rotor 101. Simultaneously, there is a certain gap between the first end cover 135 and the first impeller 201, allowing the gas flowing through the air bearing to return to the main air path via this gap. Similarly, there is a certain gap between the second end cover 136 and the second impeller 202, allowing a portion of the gas compressed by the second impeller 202 to enter the air bearing under pressure via this gap. In one embodiment of the present invention, both the first impeller 201 and the second impeller 202 are closed impellers. Compared to open impellers, closed impellers can effectively eliminate the secondary flow from the blade pressure surface to the suction surface caused by the blade tip gap, thereby effectively improving the aerodynamic efficiency of the compressor. In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown above, the first impeller 201 and the second impeller 202 are designed back-to-back, so that the axial thrust directions of the first and second impellers are opposite and cancel each other out, thereby effectively reducing the axial thrust on the thrust bearing. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first impeller 201 and the second impeller 202 are fixed to the rotor 101 by the first locking nut 211 and the second locking nut 221, respectively.

[0132] As shown in the figure, a first pressure shell 131 and a second pressure shell 132 are respectively provided on the outer sides of both ends of the motor. A first sealing ring 133 is provided between the first pressure shell 131 and the first impeller 201, and a second sealing ring 134 is provided between the second pressure shell 132 and the second impeller 202. The first and second sealing rings can significantly reduce the backflow effect from the outlet to the inlet of the first and second impellers, and can further improve the compressor efficiency.

[0133] In order to reduce the compression power consumption of the second impeller 202, in one embodiment of the present invention, an interstage air supply hole 331 is also provided on the connecting pipe 303 to connect the exhaust gas from the economizer to cool the gas compressed by the first impeller, thereby reducing the compression power consumption of the high-pressure impeller and improving the efficiency of the system.

[0134] In one embodiment of the present invention, the motor 100 adopts a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor, whose bearing is a non-contact bearing when working, so it can withstand a higher speed than ordinary ball bearings. According to the Euler formula for compressors, Δh=U2Cu2-U1Cu1, for compressors with the same work capacity, the higher the speed, the smaller the radial dimension. Therefore, using a permanent magnet synchronous motor can improve the power density of the compressor.

[0135] The working principle of the air-floating centrifugal compressor, as described above, is as follows: Gas compressed by the second impeller enters the second radial bearing on the high-pressure side through the gap between the second impeller and the second end cover, and the gap between the second end cover and the rotor. Then, it passes through the air gap between the stator and the rotor to enter the first radial bearing on the low-pressure side. Subsequently, it passes through the gap between the thrust plate and the motor housing, and the gap between the thrust plate and the first end cover, sequentially passing through two thrust bearings. Finally, it passes through the gap between the first end cover and the rotor, and the gap between the first impeller and the first end cover, entering the first chamber, i.e., the exhaust port of the first impeller, and returning to the main gas path to achieve internal circulation. Compared to static pressure air-floating bearings, the air-floating centrifugal compressor can omit the external air supply channel, simplifying the system structure and improving reliability.

[0136] While some embodiments of the present invention have been described in this application, those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative. Numerous variations, alternatives, and improvements will arise in those skilled in the art under the teachings of this invention without departing from its scope. The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the invention and thereby cover methods and structures within the scope of the claims themselves and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cold storage based automotive thermal management system based on an aerodynamic centrifugal compressor, characterized in that, The application relates to a refrigeration system for a vehicle, comprising: a refrigeration circuit configured to circulate refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit is capable of cooling a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange medium circuit; a refrigeration system assembly arranged on the refrigeration circuit, wherein the refrigeration system assembly comprises a gas-bearing centrifugal compressor configured to compress the refrigerant; a cold storage branch communicating with the refrigeration circuit at both ends; a cold storage assembly arranged on the cold storage branch, the cold storage assembly comprising a cold storage device configured to store and release cold energy, wherein a part of the cold storage device communicates with the cold storage branch and another part communicates with the heat exchange medium circuit; and a cold storage throttling element arranged on the cold storage branch and configured to throttle the refrigerant to reduce the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant; a heat exchange medium circuit for circulating heat exchange medium to cool or heat the battery pack and / or the passenger compartment; a first heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and the heat exchange medium circuit; a second heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the refrigeration circuit and air; a third heat exchange device configured to transfer heat between the heat exchange medium circuit and air.

2. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas bearing centrifugal compressor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange medium circuit comprises a heat exchange medium main circuit and a first heat exchange branch, a heating branch and a second heat exchange branch communicating with the heat exchange medium main circuit, wherein the first heat exchange branch, the heating branch and the second heat exchange branch are connected in parallel, and the battery pack is arranged on the first heat exchange branch; and / or The refrigeration circuit comprises a refrigeration main circuit and a first refrigeration branch and a second refrigeration branch communicating with the refrigeration main circuit, wherein the first refrigeration branch and the second refrigeration branch are connected in parallel, and the gas-bearing centrifugal compressor is arranged on the refrigeration main circuit.

3. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas-lubricated centrifugal compressor of claim 2, wherein, The refrigeration system assembly further comprises: a condenser arranged on the refrigeration main circuit and communicating with the gas-bearing centrifugal compressor; a first throttling element arranged on the first refrigeration branch and communicating with the condenser; a second throttling element arranged on the second refrigeration branch and communicating with the condenser.

4. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas-lubricated centrifugal compressor of claim 3, wherein, A part of the first heat exchange device communicates with the refrigeration circuit and another part communicates with the heat exchange medium circuit, wherein the first heat exchange device comprises a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through; The second heat exchange device comprises a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for air to flow through; The second heat exchange device is arranged on the second refrigeration branch; The third heat exchange device comprises a first inlet and a first outlet for air to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through; The third heat exchange device is arranged on the second heat exchange branch; The cold storage device comprises a first inlet and a first outlet for refrigerant to flow through, and a second inlet and a second outlet for heat exchange medium to flow through.

5. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas-lubricated centrifugal compressor of claim 4, wherein, Further comprising: an electric heater arranged on the heating branch for heating the heat exchange medium; a first three-way proportional valve arranged on the heat exchange medium main circuit, a first path of which communicates with the second outlet of the first heat exchange device, a second path of which communicates with the first path of the third three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, and a third path of which communicates with the first heat exchange branch; a second three-way proportional valve arranged on the heat exchange medium main circuit, a first path of which communicates with the second outlet of the second heat exchange device, a second path of which communicates with the first path of the third three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, and a third path of which communicates with the second heat exchange branch; and a third three-way proportional valve arranged on the heat exchange medium main circuit, a first path of which communicates with the second outlet of the third heat exchange device, a second path of which communicates with the first path of the second three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, and a third path of which communicates with the second heat exchange branch. a second three-way proportional valve disposed on the heat exchange medium main circuit, a first path of which is in communication with the second inlet of the first heat exchange device and the first heat exchange branch, a second path of which is in communication with the second inlet of the cold storage device and the second heat exchange branch, and a third path of which is in communication with the heating branch; a third three-way proportional valve disposed on the heat exchange medium main circuit, a first path of which is in communication with the first path of the first three-way proportional valve and the heating branch, a second path of which is in communication with the second outlet of the cold storage device, and a third path of which is in communication with the second heat exchange branch.

6. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas bearing centrifugal compressor of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising: a first water pump disposed on the first heat exchange branch and a second water pump disposed on the second heat exchange branch, the first water pump and the second water pump being configured to provide power for the circulating flow of the heat exchange medium; an electronic fan mounted on the condenser; a blower in communication with the second heat exchange device and the third heat exchange device.

7. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 1, wherein, The gas-bearing centrifugal compressor comprises: a motor comprising: a housing having a first chamber and a second chamber disposed at two ends inside the housing; and a rotor having a gas-bearing radial bearing disposed thereon, the end of the rotor being provided with a thrust disc, one side or both sides of the thrust disc being provided with a gas-bearing thrust bearing; an impeller arranged at the end of the rotor and located in the first chamber and / or the second chamber; an air inlet in communication with the air inlet of the first chamber; an air outlet in communication with the air outlet of the second chamber; and a connecting pipe in communication with the air outlet of the first chamber and the air inlet of the second chamber at two ends thereof.

8. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas bearing centrifugal compressor of claim 7, wherein, The gas-bearing centrifugal compressor further comprises: a thrust disc disposed at the end of the rotor; a thrust bearing disposed on one side or both sides of the thrust disc and being a gas-bearing bearing; an inter-stage air supplement port disposed on the connecting pipe.

9. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 5, wherein, When one or both of the first throttling element and the second throttling element is in an open state, and W 压缩机 > W 电池 + W 乘客舱 , the cold storage throttling element is open, and the opening ratio of the cold storage throttling element is adjusted in real time according to the difference in the production cold quantity, wherein W 压缩机 is the refrigeration quantity of the compressor, W 电池 is the required cold quantity of the battery pack, and W 乘客舱 is the required cold quantity of the passenger cabin; When it is detected that the cold capacity of the cold storage device has been saturated, the compressor is shut down, the first water pump and / or the second water pump is started, the cold capacity in the cold storage device is released by the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circuit, and the cold capacity is released to the battery pack and / or the third heat exchange device by the heat exchange medium circulation.

10. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using gas-lubricated centrifugal compressor of claim 6, wherein, When the compressor is running, the battery pack cooling process comprises: the first path and the third path of the first three-way proportional valve are opened, the second path thereof is closed, and the first path, the second path, and the third path of the second three-way proportional valve and the third three-way proportional valve are all closed; the first throttling element is opened, the first water pump is running, the first throttling element throttles the refrigerant flowing in, the throttled refrigerant rapidly expands, and enters the first heat exchange device, in the first heat exchange device, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium is lowered to the expected temperature, the cooled heat exchange medium enters the first heat exchange branch to cool the battery pack, and then enters the first heat exchange device again; When the compressor is running, the refrigeration process for the passenger cabin comprises: The second throttling element is opened, the second throttling element throttles the refrigerant flowing in, the throttled refrigerant is rapidly expanded, and enters the second heat exchange device, the air is sucked by the air blower and is transported to the second heat exchange device, in the second heat exchange device, the throttled and expanded refrigerant exchanges heat with the air, the refrigerant absorbs the heat in the air, so that the air is reduced to the expected temperature.

11. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 6, wherein, When the compressor is closed, the cold energy in the cold storage device is used to cool the battery pack and the passenger cabin, including: When the battery pack and the passenger cabin both need refrigeration, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the second path and the third path thereof are opened, the first path and the second path of the second three-way proportional valve are opened, and the third path thereof is closed, and the first path, the second path and the third path of the third three-way proportional valve are opened; When only the battery pack needs refrigeration, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the second path and the third path thereof are opened, the first path and the second path of the second three-way proportional valve are opened, and the third path thereof is closed, and the first path and the second path of the third three-way proportional valve are opened, and the third path is closed; When only the passenger cabin needs refrigeration, the first path and the second path of the first three-way proportional valve are closed, the first path and the second path of the second three-way proportional valve are closed, the second path and the third path of the third three-way proportional valve are opened, and the first path is closed.

12. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 11, wherein, The use of the cold energy in the cold storage device to cool the battery pack further includes: the first water pump is operated, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the cold storage working medium in the cold storage device, so that the heat exchange medium is reduced to the expected temperature, the cooled heat exchange medium enters the first heat exchange branch to cool the battery pack, and then enters the cold storage device again; The use of the cold energy in the cold storage device to cool the passenger cabin further includes: the second water pump is operated, the heat exchange medium cooled by the cold storage working medium in the cold storage device enters the second heat exchange branch, reaches the third heat exchange device, the air is sucked by the air blower and is transported to the third heat exchange device, in the third heat exchange device, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the air, the heat exchange medium absorbs the heat in the air, so that the air is reduced to the expected temperature.

13. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 6, wherein, When the battery pack and the passenger cabin need heating, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the second path and the third path thereof are opened, the first path, the second path and the third path of the second three-way proportional valve are opened, the first path and the third path of the third three-way proportional valve are opened, and the second path is closed; When only the battery pack needs heating, the first path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the second path and the third path thereof are opened, the first path and the third path of the second three-way proportional valve are opened, the second path is closed, and the first path of the third three-way proportional valve is closed; When only the passenger cabin needs heating, the second path of the first three-way proportional valve is closed, the first path of the second three-way proportional valve is closed, the second path and the third path thereof are opened, the first path and the third path of the third three-way proportional valve are opened, and the second path is closed.

14. The cold storage based automotive thermal management system using an air floating centrifugal compressor of claim 13, wherein, The compressor and the cold storage device are closed, and the electric heater is started to heat the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater can heat the battery pack or the passenger cabin, and can also be divided into two paths to simultaneously heat the battery pack and the passenger cabin; When the battery pack is heated, the first water pump is opened, and the heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater enters the first heat exchange branch to heat the battery pack; When heating the passenger cabin, the second water pump is started, the heat exchange medium heated by the electric heater enters the second heat exchange branch, reaches the third heat exchange device, at the same time, the air blower sucks air and delivers it to the third heat exchange device, and in the third heat exchange device, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the air to heat the passenger cabin.

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