A kind of landslide rolling stone protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a collapse and rolling stone protection structure and a construction method thereof, which relates to the technical field of collapse protection devices and solves the problems of existing pile-type protection nets lacking buffering capacity, having poor protection performance, and being easily damaged by the impact of high-energy rolling stones. The present invention includes a protection mechanism, a buffer mechanism, and a pulling mechanism. The protection mechanism includes a first protection net and a second protection net arranged in parallel and having the same structural size. The first protection net and the second protection net are both connected to a support mechanism, which is inserted into the ground and fixed. The buffer mechanism is arranged between the first protection net and the second protection net. The two ends of the pulling mechanism are respectively connected to the ends of the first protection net and the second protection net. There are two groups of pulling mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first protection net and the second protection net. The present invention can buffer and resist the impact of rolling stones, is not easily damaged, has a better protection effect in intercepting rolling stones, and has better impact resistance, effectively meeting the protection needs of highway operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of collapse protection devices, and in particular relates to a collapse and rockfall protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rockfall refers to the sudden, destructive phenomenon of rock and soil, caused by various factors and gravity, suddenly separating from the parent rock, resulting in toppling, tumbling, and falling. The powerful impact of rockfall can cause serious injuries, especially in mountainous areas. Rockfall incidents are often frequent, sudden, and random, making them difficult to predict. They pose a significant threat to transportation, buildings, and personal safety.

[0003] As an important part of my country's highway network, mountain roads have played an important role in promoting the development of mountain resources and improving travel conditions in mountainous areas. In recent years, with the continuous increase in the country's investment in mountain construction, the development of mountain roads has also been very rapid. With the rapid development of mountain roads, landslides and rockfall disasters have become more frequent because one side of the roads is close to the mountain, seriously affecting the construction and operation of mountain roads and threatening passing vehicles and pedestrians.

[0004] Currently, a common protective measure is to install staked protection nets at the foot of the slope in the rockfall area to intercept the rocks and limit their movement. However, existing staked protection nets lack buffering capacity and cannot withstand the impact of high-energy rocks. They are easily damaged by large impact loads, significantly reducing their protective effectiveness and even losing their ability to intercept rocks. This poses a threat to the safety of the roads, vehicles, and pedestrians in the protected area behind the net.

[0005] In summary, as mountain highways age and experience more extreme weather events, landslides and rockfall disasters are becoming more frequent and impactful. The existing conventional pile-type protective nets are no longer able to meet the requirements of highway operations. Therefore, a technical solution is needed to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention discloses a collapse and rolling stone protection structure and a construction method thereof, which are intended to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology. Its purpose is to provide a rolling stone protection device that meets the protection needs of highway operations, improve the problems of the existing pile-type protection net lacking buffering capacity, poor protection performance, inability to withstand the impact of high-energy rolling stones, and easy damage when subjected to excessive impact force.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A collapse and rolling stone protection structure includes a protection mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a pulling mechanism. The protection mechanism includes a first protection net and a second protection net arranged in parallel. The first protection net and the second protection net have the same structural size. The first protection net and the second protection net are both connected to a supporting mechanism, which is inserted into the ground and fixed. The buffer mechanism is arranged between the first protection net and the second protection net. The two ends of the pulling mechanism are respectively connected to the ends of the first protection net and the second protection net and apply pre-tightening force to the first protection net and the second protection net. There are two groups of pulling mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first protection net and the second protection net.

[0009] The specific working principle of the above technical solution is as follows:

[0010] When a landslide and rolling stone disaster occurs, the rolling stone moves downward along the mountain and collides with the first protective net. The first protective net intercepts the rolling stone and consumes part of the impact energy of the rolling stone through deformation. The unconsumed impact energy is transferred to the buffer mechanism at the rear for further buffering and energy dissipation, and the buffer mechanism then transfers the remaining impact energy after buffering and energy dissipation to the second protective net, completely consuming the impact energy of the rolling stone. During the impact of the rolling stone, the first protective net is deformed and concave, and the pulling mechanisms at both ends pull the two ends of the second protective net to tighten the second protective net, thereby enhancing the resistance of the second protective net and providing a thrust to the protective structure in front of the second protective net, and jointly resisting the impact of the rolling stone with the protective structure in front of the second protective net. After the impact energy is transmitted to the second protective net causing the second protective net to deform and sink, the second protective net is deformed and sunken, and the pulling mechanisms at both ends pull the two ends of the first protective net to restore the first protective net to a taut state, thereby providing a thrust to the rolling stones in front of the first protective net to resist the impact of the rolling stones. Under the action of the pulling mechanism, the first protective net and the second protective net cooperate with each other to dissipate energy, thereby improving the protection effect against the impact of rolling stones and reducing the probability of damage. This protective structure effectively intercepts rolling stones and buffers the impact energy of rolling stones, so that the protective structure has higher impact resistance, better protection effect, and is not easy to be damaged. It effectively meets the protection needs of highway operation and ensures the construction and operation of mountain roads as well as the safety of vehicles and pedestrians.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the pulling mechanism includes at least one pull rod, at least one fixed pulley and at least one steel cable. The pull rod is inserted into the ground and fixed. The number of the fixed pulleys is not less than the pull rod and the steel cables. The fixed pulley is mounted on the pull rod. The two ends of the steel cable are respectively connected to the ends of the first protective net and the second protective net to apply preload force, and the middle part of the steel cable passes around the slide groove of the fixed pulley.

[0012] In the above scheme, when the protective structure collides with a rolling stone, the first protective net is deformed and concave inward, so that the two ends of the first protective net pull the steel cable, and the steel cable slides on the fixed pulley. The two ends of the second protective net are pulled by the steel cable to achieve tension, thereby enhancing the resistance of the second protective net and providing a thrust to the protective structure in front of the second protective net. After the impact energy is transmitted to the second protective net, causing the second protective net to deform and concave, the two ends of the second protective net pull the steel cable, and the steel cable slides on the fixed pulley. The two ends of the first protective net are pulled by the steel cable and restored to a taut state, providing a thrust to the rolling stone in front of the first protective net to resist the impact of the rolling stone. The pulling mechanism achieves the effect of jointly resisting the impact of rolling stones through the cooperation of the first protective net, the second protective net, the pull rod, the fixed pulley and the steel cable, thereby improving the protective effect of the protective structure.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the number of the pull rods, fixed pulleys and steel cables are four, twenty and five respectively. The four pull rods are arranged in a rectangular shape, and each pull rod is provided with five fixed pulleys at equal intervals. Each steel cable is continuously wound in the slide groove of the fixed pulley in the same plane.

[0014] In the above scheme, stability is increased by a rectangular pull rod, and pulleys of the same height on the pull rod form a pulley group. Five steel cables are respectively passed around the five pulley groups on the pull rod. By lengthening the steel cable, the ductility is improved, which prevents the steel cable from being damaged by impact and affecting the effect of resisting impact.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the buffer mechanism includes a first steel plate layer, a second steel plate layer and an elastic buffer layer. The first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer are arranged in parallel and have the same structural size. Both ends of the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer are closed by steel plates, and the elastic buffer layer is arranged between the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer.

[0016] In the above scheme, the first steel plate layer provides support for the first protective net and receives the impact energy transmitted by the first protective net. The first steel plate layer resists the impact energy by deformation and transmits the remaining impact energy to the elastic buffer layer for buffering and energy dissipation. The buffered energy is received by the second steel plate layer, and resists the buffered impact energy by deformation. The impact energy of the rolling stone is effectively consumed by buffering, thereby improving the impact resistance and protective effect of the protective structure and reducing the probability of damage to the protective structure.

[0017] In a further technical solution, several buffer components are provided between the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer, each of the buffer components includes a hydraulic damper, both ends of the hydraulic damper are connected to connecting plates, the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer, and a spring is provided on the hydraulic damper, and both ends of the spring are connected to the connecting plates.

[0018] In the above solution, the buffer assembly further consumes and absorbs the impact energy through the deformation of the hydraulic damper and the spring, thereby improving the buffering effect.

[0019] In a further technical solution, the elastic buffer layer is filled with energy-absorbing material.

[0020] In the above solution, the energy absorbing material can be rubber, waste tires, gravel or crushed stone, etc., which are easy to obtain and can achieve relatively good energy consumption effect.

[0021] In a further technical solution, the support mechanism includes a first support column and a second support column, the number of the first support column and the second support column is at least two, each of the first support columns is inserted into the ground and fixed, and is connected to the first protective net, and each of the second support columns is inserted into the ground and fixed, and is connected to the second protective net.

[0022] In the above solution, the first support column and the second support column are inserted into the ground and fixed, providing a fixing effect for the first protection net and the second protection net, thereby improving the impact resistance.

[0023] In a further technical solution, the support mechanism also includes several reinforced support components, each of which includes a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, a reinforced support base and a reinforced support rod, the first connecting seat is connected to the second protective net, the lower end of the second connecting seat is connected to the reinforced support base, and the two ends of the reinforced support rod are respectively connected to the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat.

[0024] In the above scheme, the first connecting seat, the second connecting seat, the reinforced support base and the reinforced support rod provide support for the second protective net, and the protective structure is reinforced to effectively improve the protective effect and impact resistance of the protective structure and reduce the probability of damage.

[0025] A construction method for a collapse and rockfall protection structure comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Determine the engineering geological conditions of the construction site, clear and level obstacles within the construction area;

[0027] S2. Drive the second support columns into the ground at intervals facing the mountain side, and connect and fix the second protective net to the second support columns;

[0028] S3. Excavate a hole on the side of the second protective net close to the protection area, make a reinforced support foundation, install the second connecting seat on the reinforced support foundation, install the first connecting seat on the second protective net, and install the two ends of the reinforced support rod on the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat;

[0029] S4. Assemble the hydraulic damper, spring, and connecting plate into a buffer assembly. Evenly distribute and connect the multiple buffer assemblies to the second steel plate layer through the connecting plate at one end. Connect the connecting plate at the other end to the first steel plate layer. The first and second steel plate layers are positioned correspondingly. Connect and fix the first and second steel plate layers with steel plates on both sides to form a rectangular parallelepiped with openings at both ends.

[0030] S5. Connect the second steel plate layer to the side of the second protective net facing the mountain. As in step S2, drive the first support columns into the ground at intervals, connect and secure the first protective net to the first support columns, and connect and secure the first steel plate layer to the first protective net.

[0031] S6. Drive a pull rod into the ground at the middle of both sides of the first and second protective nets, install a fixed pulley on the pull rod, pass the middle of the steel cable through the sliding groove of the fixed pulley, and connect the two ends of the steel cable to the ends of the first and second protective nets respectively to apply a pre-tightening force to the first and second protective nets;

[0032] S7. Filling the elastic buffer layer between the first steel plate layer and the second steel plate layer with energy-absorbing material.

[0033] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. The present invention cooperates with the first protective net, the second protective net and the pull rod, the fixed pulley and the steel cable of the pulling mechanism, so that the first protective net and the second protective net interact with each other when resisting the impact of rolling stones, thereby achieving the first protective net and the second protective net coordinated energy dissipation, jointly resisting the impact of rolling stones, and improving the protective effect of the protective structure.

[0035] 2. The present invention effectively consumes the impact energy of rolling stones through the first steel plate layer, the second steel plate layer and the elastic buffer layer, thereby improving the impact resistance of the protective structure and reducing the probability of damage to the protective structure.

[0036] 3. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It can effectively intercept rolling stones and resist the impact of rolling stones, effectively meeting the protection needs of highway operations and ensuring the construction and operation of mountain roads as well as the safety of vehicles and pedestrians. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of the middle LL section;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a side schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0042] Figure markings: 1-first protective net, 2-second protective net, 3-pull rod, 4-fixed pulley, 5-steel cable, 6-first steel plate layer, 7-second steel plate layer, 8-buffer assembly, 801-hydraulic damper, 802-connecting plate, 803-spring, 9-energy-absorbing material, 10-first support column, 11-second support column, 12-reinforced support assembly, 1201-first connecting seat, 1202-second connecting seat, 1203-reinforced support base, 1204-reinforced support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and indicated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application for which protection is claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention is described in detail. Example

[0046] This embodiment provides a structure for protecting against landslides and rolling stones. Figure 1, including a protective mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a pulling mechanism. The protective mechanism includes a first protective net 1 and a second protective net 2 arranged in parallel. The first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 are both formed by interweaving multiple anchor cables. The structures of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 are the same size. The first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 are both connected with a supporting mechanism, which is inserted into the ground to a certain depth and fixed. The buffer mechanism is arranged between the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2. The two ends of the pulling mechanism are respectively connected to the ends of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 and apply pre-tightening force to the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2. There are two groups of pulling mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The tensioning mechanism is arranged between the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2. A set of tensioning mechanisms includes four pull rods 3, twenty fixed pulleys 4, and five steel cables 5. The four pull rods 3 are inserted into the ground in a rectangular shape and fixed. Five fixed pulleys 4 are evenly spaced on each pull rod 3. The fixed pulleys 4 of the same height form a fixed pulley group. The two ends of the five steel cables 5 are respectively welded to the ends of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 to apply preload, and the five steel cables 5 are respectively passed around the five fixed pulley groups. When a rockfall occurs, the tensioning mechanism achieves the effect of jointly resisting the impact of the rockfall through the cooperation of the first protective net 1, the second protective net 2, the pull rods 3, the fixed pulleys 4, and the steel cables 5, thereby improving the protective effect of the protective structure. In another embodiment, the ends of the steel cables 5 are welded with steel plates with screw holes, and the two ends are respectively connected to another identical steel plate by bolts to clamp the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2.

[0048] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The buffer mechanism includes a first steel plate layer 6, a second steel plate layer 7, and an elastic buffer layer. The first and second steel plate layers 6, 7 are arranged in parallel and have the same structural size. Both ends of the first and second steel plate layers 6, 7 are welded and sealed with steel plates. The elastic buffer layer is arranged between the first and second steel plate layers 6, 7. The elastic buffer layer is filled with energy-absorbing material 9. The energy-absorbing material 9 is gravel, which is easily available and can achieve relatively good energy dissipation. The impact energy of the rolling stone is absorbed step by step by the first steel plate layer 6, the elastic buffer layer, and the second steel plate layer 7, effectively buffering the impact, making the protective structure have higher impact resistance and protective effect, and reducing the probability of damage to the protective structure.

[0049] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3The supporting mechanism includes a first supporting column 10 and a second supporting column 11. The number of the first supporting column 10 and the second supporting column 11 are both four. The installation method of the first supporting column 10 and the first protective net 1 is the same as the installation method of the second supporting column 11 and the second protective net 2. Taking the installation method of the first supporting column 10 and the first protective net 1 as an example, the first supporting column 10 is rectangular and inserted into the ground for fixation, and the two ends of the first protective net 1 are respectively clamped and installed inside the first support column 10. Example

[0050] This embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 1. In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The support mechanism also includes two reinforced support assemblies 12, each reinforced support assembly 12 includes a first connecting seat 1201, a second connecting seat 1202, a reinforced support base 1203 and a reinforced support rod 1204, the first connecting seat 1201 is welded to the second protective net 2, the lower end of the second connecting seat 1202 is bolted to the reinforced support base 1203, and the two ends of the reinforced support rod 1204 are respectively welded to the first connecting seat 1201 and the second connecting seat 1202.

[0051] In another embodiment, screw holes are provided around the end of the first connecting seat 1201, and it is bolted to the second protective net 2 through a steel plate with screw holes at the same position, which makes the connection more stable and convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0052] In another embodiment, both ends of the reinforcing support rod 1204 are hingedly mounted to the first connecting seat 1201 and the second connecting seat 1202 respectively, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly.

[0053] Specifically, the reinforced support assembly 12 supports the protective structure. When resisting the impact of rolling stones, even if it is tilted by the rolling stones, it will not collapse immediately. There is time to evacuate the vehicles next to the protective structure, reducing the probability of accidents. Example

[0054] This embodiment is optimized based on embodiment 2. In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 Several buffer components 8 are also provided between the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7. Each buffer component 8 includes a hydraulic damper 801. Connecting plates 802 are welded at both ends of the hydraulic damper 801. The two connecting plates 802 are welded to the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 respectively. A spring 803 is sleeved on the hydraulic damper 801, and both ends of the spring 803 are welded to the connecting plate 802.

[0055] Specifically, the number of buffer components 8 is set according to the length and height of the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 , and the buffer components 8 are evenly distributed and installed between the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 .

[0056] This embodiment provides a construction method for a collapse and rockfall protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1. Determine the engineering geological conditions of the construction site, clear and level obstacles within the construction area;

[0058] S2. Drive the second support columns 11 into the ground at intervals facing the mountain side, and connect and fix the second protection net 2 to the second support columns 11;

[0059] S3. Dig a hole on the side of the second protection net 2 close to the protection area, make a reinforced support base 1203, install the second connecting base 1202 on the reinforced support base 1203, install the first connecting base 1201 on the second protection net 2, and install the two ends of the reinforced support rod 1204 on the first connecting base 1201 and the second connecting base 1202;

[0060] S4. Assemble the hydraulic damper 801, the spring 803, and the connecting plate 802 into a buffer assembly 8. Evenly distribute and connect multiple buffer assemblies 8 on the second steel plate layer 7 through the connecting plate 802 at one end. Connect the connecting plate 802 at the other end to the first steel plate layer 6. The positions of the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 correspond to each other. Connect and fix the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 on both sides with steel plates to form a rectangular parallelepiped with openings at both ends.

[0061] S5. Connect the second steel plate layer 7 to the side of the second protection net 2 facing the mountain. As in step S2, drive the first support columns 10 into the ground at intervals. Connect and fix the first protection net 1 to the first support columns 10. Finally, connect and fix the first steel plate layer 6 to the first protection net 1.

[0062] S6. Drive the pull rod 3 into the ground at the middle of both sides of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2, install the fixed pulley 4 on the pull rod 3, pass the middle part of the steel cable 5 through the sliding groove of the fixed pulley 4, and connect the two ends of the steel cable 5 to the ends of the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2 respectively to apply pre-tightening force to the first protective net 1 and the second protective net 2;

[0063] S7 . Fill the elastic buffer layer between the first steel plate layer 6 and the second steel plate layer 7 with energy absorbing material 9 .

Claims

1. A rockfall protection structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a protective mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a pulling mechanism, wherein the protective mechanism comprises a first protective net (1) and a second protective net (2) arranged in parallel, the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2) having the same structure and size, the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2) being connected to a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism being inserted into the ground and fixed, the buffer mechanism being arranged between the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2), the two ends of the pulling mechanism being respectively connected to the ends of the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2) and applying a pre-tightening force to the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2), the number of the pulling mechanism being two groups, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2); The pulling mechanism comprises at least one pull rod (3), at least one fixed pulley (4) and at least one steel cable (5), the pull rod (3) is inserted into the ground for fixation, the number of the fixed pulleys (4) is not less than the number of the pull rods (3) and the steel cables (5), the fixed pulleys (4) are sleeved on the pull rod (3), the two ends of the steel cables (5) are respectively connected to the ends of the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2) to apply a pre-tightening force, and the middle part of the steel cables (5) passes around the sliding groove of the fixed pulley (4); The buffer mechanism comprises a first steel plate layer (6), a second steel plate layer (7) and an elastic buffer layer, the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7) are arranged in parallel and have the same structure and size, both ends of the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7) are closed by steel plates, and the elastic buffer layer is arranged between the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7); The support mechanism comprises a first support column (10) and a second support column (11), the number of each of the first support column (10) and the second support column (11) is at least two, each of the first support columns (10) is inserted into the ground for fixation and is connected to the first protective net (1), and each of the second support columns (11) is inserted into the ground for fixation and is connected to the second protective net (2).

2. The rockfall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the pull rods (3), fixed pulleys (4) and steel cables (5) are four, twenty and five respectively. The four pull rods (3) are arranged in a rectangular shape. Five fixed pulleys (4) are sleeved on each pull rod (3) at equal intervals. Each steel cable (5) is continuously wound in a slide groove of a fixed pulley (4) in the same plane.

3. The rockfall protection structure according to claim 1, wherein: Several buffer components (8) are further provided between the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7), each of the buffer components (8) comprising a hydraulic damper (801), both ends of the hydraulic damper (801) being connected to a connecting plate (802), the two connecting plates (802) being connected to the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7), respectively, a spring (803) being sleeved on the hydraulic damper (801), and both ends of the spring (803) being connected to the connecting plate (802).

4. The rockfall protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic buffer layer is filled with energy absorbing material (9).

5. The rockfall protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support mechanism further comprises a plurality of reinforcing support assemblies (12), each of the reinforcing support assemblies (12) comprising a first connecting seat (1201), a second connecting seat (1202), a reinforcing support base (1203) and a reinforcing support rod (1204), wherein the first connecting seat (1201) is connected to the second protective net (2), the lower end of the second connecting seat (1202) is connected to the reinforcing support base (1203), and the two ends of the reinforcing support rod (1204) are respectively connected to the first connecting seat (1201) and the second connecting seat (1202).

6. The construction method of a collapse and rockfall protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the engineering geological conditions of the construction site, clear and level obstacles within the construction area; S2, facing the mountain side, driving the second support column (11) into the ground at intervals, and connecting and fixing the second protection net (2) to the second support column (11); S3, digging a hole on the side of the second protective net (2) close to the protection area, making a reinforced support base (1203), installing a second connecting seat (1202) on the reinforced support base (1203), installing a first connecting seat (1201) on the second protective net (2), and installing both ends of the reinforced support rod (1204) on the first connecting seat (1201) and the second connecting seat (1202); S4, assembling the hydraulic damper (801), the spring (803) and the connecting plate (802) into a buffer assembly (8), and evenly distributing and connecting the plurality of buffer assemblies (8) on the second steel plate layer (7) through the connecting plate (802) at one end, and connecting and fixing the connecting plate (802) at the other end to the first steel plate layer (6), so that the positions of the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7) correspond to each other, and connecting and fixing the two sides of the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7) with steel plates to form a rectangular parallelepiped with openings at both ends; S5, connecting the second steel plate layer (7) to the side of the second protection net (2) facing the mountain, driving the first support column (10) into the ground at intervals as in step S2, connecting and fixing the first protection net (1) to the first support column (10), and connecting and fixing the first steel plate layer (6) to the first protection net (1); S6. Drive the pull rod (3) into the ground at the middle of both sides of the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2), install the fixed pulley (4) on the pull rod (3), pass the steel cable (5) through the sliding groove of the fixed pulley (4), and connect the two ends of the steel cable (5) to the ends of the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2) respectively to apply pre-tightening force to the first protective net (1) and the second protective net (2); S7. Filling the elastic buffer layer between the first steel plate layer (6) and the second steel plate layer (7) with energy absorbing material (9).

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