A self-leveling semi-automatic verticality adjusting method for a one-column one-pile prefabricated foundation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of self-leveling semi-automatic verticality adjustment method of one-column one-pile prefabricated foundation, comprising the following steps: S1, drilling into hole, lowering reinforcement cage;S2, making integrated verticality adjustment disc;S3, placing integrated verticality adjustment disc and verticality adjustment disc leveling;S4, steel pipe column installation and perpendicularity displacement control;S5, steel pipe perpendicularity fine adjustment;S6, pouring concrete, after embedding and fixing steel casing, the hole opening site is flattened, the verticality adjustment disc is directly lifted and transported to the hole opening, the verticality adjustment disc is self-leveling by the verticality adjustment disc verticality adjustment system, after leveling is completed, the steel pipe column is lowered, the data received by the infrared inclinometer feedback is controlled to the adjusting rod on the verticality adjustment disc, and the semi-automatic steel pipe column verticality adjustment is realized by manual operation adjusting rod, to improve the verticality adjustment precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a self-leveling and semi-automatic vertical adjustment method for precast foundations with one column and one pile. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of urban construction, more and more building projects are developing underground spaces. The reverse construction method, as a construction technique suitable for the efficient construction of urban underground spaces, has been gradually promoted. One-pillar-one-column construction, as a key technology in this method, serves as both a support structure and a permanent structure, making quality control paramount. During the construction of one-pillar-one-column, the verticality control of the steel pipes is crucial. Therefore, before lowering the steel pipes, the site must be leveled and hardened, and a plumb bob must be installed. The degree of leveling of the plumb bob significantly affects the verticality of the steel pipe column. Traditional construction methods are complex and require a high level of skill from construction workers. This method, however, is simple to operate, highly mechanized, and provides a certain degree of assurance for verticality accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a self-leveling and semi-automatic plumb adjustment method for precast foundations with one column and one pile, comprising the following steps:

[0004] S1. Drilling and lowering the steel cage: Select drilling machinery according to the construction conditions to carry out hole-forming operations, control the verticality of the hole to be less than 1 / 600, and after the hole is formed, carry out processes such as sediment detection, hole cleaning, and lowering the steel cage in accordance with specifications and design requirements.

[0005] S2. Production of integrated plumb bob: The integrated plumb bob consists of a prefabricated foundation and a plumb bob. It can collect the level of the midpoints of each side to the computer in real time and can be controlled by the computer.

[0006] S3. Installation and Leveling of the Integrated Plumb Plate: The site around the borehole is initially leveled. The integrated plumb plate is placed at the borehole using a crawler crane. The center of the plumb plate is aligned with the axis of the pile position. After the plumb plate is placed stably, it is leveled by computer control. Each jack at the four corners of the precast foundation is adjusted according to the data transmitted by the gyroscopes installed on the two adjacent sides. That is, each gyroscope controls the two corner jacks to output lifting or lowering commands respectively when they are not in a horizontal state. When a jack receives two identical commands, it executes the command. When it receives two different commands, it remains stationary. When all four sides are in a horizontal state, a locking command is output to lock the four jacks.

[0007] S4. Steel pipe column installation and verticality displacement control: Before lifting the steel pipe column, install an infrared inclinometer and monitor and adjust according to the data measured by the infrared inclinometer in real time;

[0008] S5. Steel pipe verticality fine adjustment: The displacement readings ΔX and ΔY in the X and Y directions can be read in real time by the infrared inclinometer. Then, the verticality of the steel pipe can be adjusted by adjusting the 8 adjusting rods on the vertical adjustment plate to improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0009] S6. Concrete pouring: After the verticality of the steel pipe column is adjusted, the second cleaning is completed and underwater concrete is poured. After the construction of one column and one pile is completed, the vertical adjustment plate is removed.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the precast foundation is square in shape, the same size as the positioning frame, with a 30mm thick steel plate at the bottom, a hole in the middle, the hole diameter being slightly larger than the pile diameter, and four 20# I-beam crossbeams around it. A jack is set at each of the four corners and connected to the universal ball joints at the four corners of the plumb plate. Four gyroscopes are set around the positioning frame, located at the midpoint of the four sides respectively.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, if one jack has not completed leveling after its stroke, the remaining jacks will descend synchronously until all four sides are in a horizontal position.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the steel pipe column is lifted by a double-machine lifting method, the steel pipe is lowered into the pile hole, and the steel pipe column is positioned by steel wire rope. When the steel pipe column is placed to the design required elevation, the center position of the steel pipe column is fixed by the clamping plate of the plumb plate, and the steel pipe column is adjusted by the eight adjusting rods on the plumb plate.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, during the adjustment process, the clamp on the adjusting rod applies pressure as the displacement reading changes. When the larger of the absolute values ​​of the displacement readings in the two directions approaches zero, the applied force is greater. When the reading is equal to zero, the clamp can almost lock the adjusting rod. When the absolute value of the reading is greater, the clamp is looser. When the operator performs verticality adjustment, they can combine the real-time reading of the infrared inclinometer with the tightness of the adjusting rod.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, regardless of the type of hole-forming machinery used, a section of steel casing must be embedded for positioning. The casing and the hole wall are compacted with 1:1 sand and gravel to increase the side wall friction of the casing.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The prefabricated foundation of the integrated plumb plate allows for rapid installation of the plumb plate, avoiding the cumbersome procedures of traditional construction methods. The tightness of the adjusting rod is controlled by an infrared inclinometer, assisting in controlling the plumb line accuracy and improving the plumb line effect. Compared to traditional plumb plates, this invention eliminates the need for ground hardening at the borehole opening. Its self-leveling system eliminates the need for manual leveling, making it faster and more efficient. Furthermore, traditional infrared inclinometers can only provide readings, requiring manual adjustment based on degree changes. Due to the brief delay in instrument feedback, accuracy is difficult to control during adjustment. This method improves adjustment accuracy through semi-automatic calibration. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the workflow of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical adjustment disc of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a prefabricated foundation plan view for the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the vertical adjustment disc of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the infrared inclinometer of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 001: Hole; 002: 30mm thick steel plate; 003: I-beam crossbeam; 004: Jack; 101: Adjusting plate; 102: Gyroscope; 103: Positioning frame; 104: Adjusting rod; 105: Correction frame; 201: Infrared inclinometer; 202: Beam; 203: Steel pipe column. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention discloses a self-leveling and semi-automatic vertical adjustment method for a precast foundation with one column and one pile, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Drilling and lowering the reinforcing cage: Drilling machinery is selected according to the construction conditions for drilling operations. To ensure the verticality of the hole and the size of the pile diameter, a long spiral drilling rig is recommended for drilling. The verticality of the hole should be controlled to be less than 1 / 600. After the hole is completed, sediment detection, hole cleaning, and lowering of the reinforcing cage are carried out in accordance with the specifications and design requirements. Regardless of the type of drilling machinery used, a section of steel casing must be embedded for positioning. The casing and the hole wall are compacted with 1:1 sand and gravel to increase the side wall friction of the casing and ensure the stability of the casing, which is conducive to the stability of the hole opening during the drilling process.

[0026] S2. Fabrication of the integrated plumb plate: The integrated plumb plate consists of a precast foundation and a plumb plate 101. The precast foundation is square in shape, the same size as the positioning frame 103. The bottom is a 30mm thick steel plate 002 with a hole 001 in the middle, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the pile diameter. It is surrounded by four 20# I-beam crossbeams 003, and each of the four corners has a jack 004 connected to the universal ball joints at the four corners of the plumb plate 101. The plumb plate 101 consists of a positioning frame 103, a correction frame 105, and eight adjusting rods 104. The positioning frame 103... Four gyroscopes 102 are installed in the middle of the four-sided I-beam crossbeam 003, located at the midpoint of each of the four sides. The gyroscopes 102 can provide real-time feedback on the levelness of the crossbeam on their respective sides, and can summarize the levelness of the midpoints of each side to the computer in real time. The computer can also control the jacks at the four corners. The integrated vertical adjustment plate in this invention is not much different from the traditional vertical adjustment plate, but the eight adjusting rods 104 are equipped with clamps. The clamps are controlled by the computer and can be tightened or loosened according to the received signals, thereby affecting the tightness of the adjusting rods 104.

[0027] S3. Installation and Leveling of the Integrated Plumb Plate: The site around the borehole is initially leveled. The integrated plumb plate is placed at the borehole using a crawler crane. The center of the plumb plate is aligned with the axis of the pile position. After the plumb plate is placed stably, it is leveled by computer control. Each jack at the four corners of the precast foundation is adjusted according to the data transmitted by the gyroscopes 102 on the adjacent two sides. That is, each gyroscope 102 controls the two corner jacks to output lifting or lowering commands respectively when they are not in a horizontal state. When a jack receives two identical commands, it executes the command. When there are two different commands, it remains stationary. When all four sides are in a horizontal state, a locking command is output to lock the four jacks. If one jack has not completed the leveling after its stroke, the remaining jacks will lower synchronously until all four sides are in a horizontal position.

[0028] S4. Installation and Verticality Displacement Control of Steel Pipe Column 203: Before lifting the steel pipe column 203, install the infrared inclinometer 201. Use a dual-machine lifting method to lift the steel pipe column 203 and place it into the pile hole. Position the steel pipe column 203 with a wire rope. When the steel pipe column 203 is placed to the design elevation, use the plumb plate clamp to fix the center position of the steel pipe column 203. Adjust the verticality of the steel pipe column 203 through the eight adjusting rods 104 on the plumb plate. Monitor and adjust according to the data measured by the infrared inclinometer 201 in real time.

[0029] S5. Fine Adjustment of Steel Pipe Verticality: The mounting surface of the infrared inclinometer 201 on the steel pipe column 203 is located using the beam 202 emitted by the infrared inclinometer 201. After the steel pipe column 203 is erected, its tilt status can be monitored in real time using the output of the infrared inclinometer 201. Through program design, the infrared inclinometer 201 can be directly connected to a computer or a matching display instrument, intuitively reflecting the verticality, tilt angle, and offset dimension of the measured object. This achieves real-time monitoring of the verticality of the steel pipe column 203 in four directions (X and Y) and reads the displacement readings ΔX and ΔY in the X and Y directions. Subsequently, the verticality is adjusted... The eight adjusting rods 104 on the panel adjust the verticality of the steel pipe. During the adjustment process, the clamps on the adjusting rods 104 apply pressure according to the displacement reading. When the larger of the absolute values ​​of the displacement readings in the two directions approaches zero, the applied force is greater. When the reading is equal to zero, the clamps can almost lock the adjusting rods 104. When the absolute value of the reading is larger, the clamps are looser. When the operator adjusts the verticality, they can improve the adjustment accuracy by combining the real-time reading of the infrared inclinometer 201 with the tightness of the adjusting rods 104. When the adjusting rods 104 are manually operated, they will become tighter as the verticality of the steel pipe decreases, avoiding over-adjustment.

[0030] S6. Concrete pouring: After the verticality of steel pipe column 203 is adjusted, the second cleaning is completed and underwater concrete is poured. After the construction of one column and one pile is completed, the vertical adjustment plate is removed.

[0031] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic self-leveling and semi-automatic plumb adjustment method for precast foundations with one column and one pile, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Drilling and lowering the steel cage: Select drilling machinery according to the construction conditions to carry out hole-forming operations, control the verticality of the hole to be less than 1 / 600, and after the hole is formed, carry out sediment detection, hole cleaning and lowering of the steel cage in accordance with specifications and design requirements. S2. Making an integrated plumb plate: The integrated plumb plate consists of a prefabricated foundation and a plumb plate. It collects the level of the midpoints of each side in real time and transmits it to the computer, which controls the operation. The plumb plate consists of a positioning frame, a correction frame and 8 adjusting rods. S3. Installation and Leveling of the Integrated Plumb Plate: The site around the borehole is initially leveled. The integrated plumb plate is placed at the borehole using a crawler crane. The center of the plumb plate is aligned with the axis of the pile position. After the plumb plate is placed stably, it is leveled by computer control. Each jack at the four corners of the precast foundation is adjusted according to the data transmitted by the gyroscopes installed on the two adjacent sides. That is, each gyroscope controls the two corner jacks to output lifting or lowering commands respectively when they are not in a horizontal state. When a jack receives two identical commands, it executes the command. When it receives two different commands, it remains stationary. When all four sides are in a horizontal state, a locking command is output to lock the four jacks. S4. Steel pipe column installation and verticality displacement control: Before lifting the steel pipe column, install an infrared inclinometer and monitor and adjust according to the data measured by the infrared inclinometer in real time; S5. Steel pipe verticality fine adjustment: The displacement readings ΔX and ΔY in the X and Y directions are read in real time by the infrared inclinometer, and then the verticality of the steel pipe is adjusted by adjusting the 8 adjusting rods on the vertical adjustment plate to improve the adjustment accuracy. S6. Concrete pouring: After the verticality of the steel pipe column is adjusted, the second cleaning is completed and underwater concrete is poured. After the construction of one column and one pile is completed, the vertical adjustment plate is removed. In step S2, the precast foundation is square in shape and the same size as the positioning frame. The bottom is a 30mm thick steel plate with a hole in the middle. The hole diameter is slightly larger than the pile diameter. The foundation is composed of four 20# I-beam beams. There is a jack at each of the four corners, which is connected to the universal ball joints at the four corners of the plumb plate. The positioning frame is equipped with four gyroscopes, which are located at the midpoint of the four sides. In step S4, the steel pipe column is lifted by a double-machine lifting method, the steel pipe is lowered into the pile hole, and the steel pipe column is positioned by steel wire rope. When the steel pipe column is placed to the design required elevation, the center position of the steel pipe column is fixed by the clamping plate of the plumb plate, and the plumb of the steel pipe column is adjusted by the eight adjusting rods on the plumb plate. In step S5, during the adjustment process, the clamp on the adjusting rod will apply pressure as the displacement reading changes. When the larger of the absolute values ​​of the displacement readings in the two directions approaches zero, the applied force is greater. When the reading is equal to zero, the clamp locks the adjusting rod. The larger the absolute value of the reading, the looser the clamp. When the operator performs verticality adjustment, the real-time reading of the infrared inclinometer is combined with the tightness of the adjusting rod.

2. The self-leveling and semi-automatic vertical adjustment method for a precast foundation with one column and one pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, if one jack has not completed leveling after its stroke, the remaining jacks will descend simultaneously until all four sides are in a horizontal position.

3. The self-leveling and semi-automatic vertical adjustment method for a precast foundation with one column and one pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, regardless of the type of drilling machine used, a section of steel casing must be embedded for positioning. The casing and the hole wall are compacted with 1:1 sand and gravel to increase the side wall friction of the casing.

Images