In-situ stable heating method and heating device for flowing water in natural offshore waters

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of global climate change and ecosystem response, and specifically relates to an in-situ stable heating method and heating device for flowing water in the wild natural sea area. A base steel frame is lowered to the seabed in the set wild natural sea area, and a heating group with multiple heating units is lowered onto the base steel frame and locked and fixed. The water body inside each heating unit is a flowing water body that is in real-time communication with the external water body. Inside each heating unit, the flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological cultivation area and the heating area is heated by a heating source with a fixed power, and the rate of the heated hot water flowing out of the heating unit is constant, thereby realizing the in-situ constant temperature heating of the flowing water body between the biological cultivation area and the heating area inside each heating unit. The present invention can conduct systematic research on multiple factors and multiple organisms by simulating the temperature change of the in-situ natural ecosystem in the wild open sea area, and explore the response mechanism of the near-bottom benthic ecosystem to global warming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of global climate change and ecosystem response, and specifically relates to an in-situ stable heating method and heating device for flowing water in the natural sea area in the wild. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, under the combined action of global warming and intensified human activities, ecological disasters have occurred frequently in the coastal waters of China. There have been phenomena such as the increase in the number of jellyfish representing the gelatinization of the ocean, the outbreak of red tides and Enteromorpha prolifera, and the outbreak of starfish and bivalve organisms, which have seriously affected the safety of the ecosystem and human production, life and economic activities. The occurrence of ecological disasters is jointly affected by the reproductive characteristics of organisms themselves, climate change and human activities. Disaster organisms represented by jellyfish mostly have complex life histories, and the population changes in their adult stages are affected by the overall changes in the structure and function of the whole-water layer ecosystem, especially by the growth, development and reproduction of their sessile and benthic larval stages. And the sessile and benthic larval stages are jointly affected by climate environmental factors represented by temperature and biological factors represented by benthic biological communities. The rise in ocean temperature is one of the most important characteristics of climate change. Heatwaves, high temperatures, seasonal changes, temperature oscillations, etc. seriously affect the survival of marine organisms through direct effects on marine organisms and indirect effects through the interspecific relationships within the ecosystem. To fully understand and recognize the mechanisms of such ecological disaster outbreaks, it is necessary to conduct multi-factor and multi-object research from the perspective of the ecosystem, and understand each process of its development and each factor affecting its development.

[0003] Previous research methods and technologies mainly focused on the study of the impact of temperature on a certain life history stage of a certain disaster organism, such as the impact of temperature on the budding and transverse fission of jellyfish polyps, and the impact of temperature on the germination rates of Enteromorpha prolifera sporophytes and gametophytes. Most of these studies were carried out in indoor laboratories, only targeting single independent and dependent variables, with a short time. The survival of test organisms was maintained by artificial water change and feeding. The situations simulated and the conditions designed were quite different from the actual situations in the wild, and were completely divorced from the corresponding characteristics of specific sea areas. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain an overall understanding of the entire ecosystem, and the one-sided conclusions have also lost credibility due to excessive artificial intervention.

[0004] However, it is very difficult to conduct in-situ experimental studies on ecosystems in the open sea. The seabed environment is complex, with high turbidity, weak light, a mixture of hard and soft substrates on the seabed, and most importantly, technical difficulties in "heating" and "observing". The open sea is an open and flowing water body, and its temperature change effect is interfered by various water body movements such as ocean currents, tides, swells, and waves, making it difficult to obtain a stable temperature (large temperature variance). At the same time, the on-site conditions in the open sea are complex, and it is difficult to achieve precise heating and temperature control (large temperature error). Conducting in-situ warming experiments in the open sea requires high technical conditions and also ensures the safety of equipment and operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to meet the requirements of in-situ experiments in the open sea, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ stable heating method and heating device for flowing water in the natural open sea. The present invention can simulate natural and artificial seawater temperature increase phenomena such as climate change, global warming, heatwaves, and power plant warm water discharge in the open water body in the wild to study the impact of warming on the occurrence of offshore ecological disasters and the changes in the structure and function of the ecosystem.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The heating method of the present invention is as follows: Lower the base steel frame to the seabed in the set natural open sea area, lower the heating group with multiple heating units onto the base steel frame and lock it in place. The water body inside each heating unit is a flowing water body that is in real-time communication with the external water body. Inside each heating unit, there is a distance between the biological culture area and the heating area. The fixed-volume flowing water body between the biological culture area and the heating area inside each heating unit is heated by a heating source with a fixed power, and the rate of the heated hot water flowing out of the heating unit is constant. Thus, the in-situ temperature increase of the fixed-volume flowing water body between the biological culture area and the heating area inside each heating unit is achieved, and a constant temperature difference is maintained.

[0008] Among them: The bottom of each heating unit is open, the top is closed, and holes are opened in the closed top to ensure a constant rate of hot water outflow.

[0009] The heating device of the present invention includes a base steel frame, a heating group, a guide rope, a cable, and a control box. A guide rope is connected to the center of the base steel frame, and the guide rope passes through the center of the heating group. The heating group includes a locking assembly and a plurality of heating units evenly distributed around the locking assembly. The locking assembly drives each heating unit to slide down along the guide rope and land on the base steel frame, and is clamped and fixed to the base steel frame through the locking assembly. The heating unit includes a barrel body, a heating plate, a biological growth plate, and a barrel cover. The barrel body is connected to the locking assembly. The top of the barrel body is a closed barrel cover, and the bottom is an open structure. A water body exchange hole is opened on the barrel cover. The water body inside the barrel body is in real-time connection with the external water body through the water body exchange hole to form a flowing water body. The heating plate and the biological growth plate are both located inside the barrel body. The biological growth plate is connected to the barrel cover. The heating plate is located below the biological growth plate and is connected to the biological growth plate. The heating plate is connected to the control box through a heating cable in the cable. The flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological growth plate and the heating plate is heated by the heating plate.

[0010] Wherein: a temperature probe is installed on the heating plate below the biological growth plate, and the temperature probe is connected to the control box through a temperature probe cable in the cable.

[0011] The biological growth plate is detachably connected to the barrel cover and has a spacing from the barrel cover. The heating surface of the heating plate faces upward.

[0012] The locking assembly includes a rotating shaft, a limiting rod, a rotating shaft support rod, a barrel body fixing beam, a locking plate, a locking swing arm, a locking weight, a traction rope, and a tensile cable. The barrel bodies in each heating unit are respectively fixed to the barrel body fixing beam. The locking swing arms are two in an "X" shape. Each locking swing arm is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft support rod installed on the barrel body fixing beam through a rotating shaft. A limiting rod and a locking plate for locking and fixing to the base steel frame are provided at one end of each locking swing arm. A locking weight is provided at the other end of each locking swing arm. A traction rope is connected to the locking weight. One end of the tensile cable is connected to the cable and the traction rope, and the other end of the tensile cable is connected to the control box.

[0013] A guide cone tube is provided on the barrel body fixing beam. The guide cone tube is a hollow tube with both ends open. The middle part of the guide cone tube is a reduced-diameter structure, and the guide rope passes through the guide cone tube.

[0014] The barrel body fixing beam is divided into a lower barrel body fixing beam and an upper barrel body fixing beam. The lower end of the guiding conical tube is connected to the lower barrel body fixing beam. Along the circumferential direction on the lower barrel body fixing beam, there are fixedly connected barrel body fixing pieces that are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. Along the circumferential direction of the reduced-diameter structural section of the guiding conical tube, there are upper barrel body fixing beams that are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. The end of each upper barrel body fixing beam is connected with a barrel body fixing piece. The barrel body fixing pieces on the lower barrel body fixing beam are the same in number as the barrel body fixing pieces on the upper barrel body fixing beam and are in one-to-one correspondence up and down. A corresponding set of barrel body fixing pieces is fixedly connected to the barrel body in one heating unit.

[0015] After the two locking swing arms are lowered and placed on the base steel frame, the respective locking weights automatically fall, driving the locking swing arms to rotate around the rotating shafts to lock the base steel frame. When the two locking swing arms are lifted, the traction ropes are pulled through the tensile cables, lifting the locking weights on the two locking swing arms. The two locking swing arms rotate around their respective rotating shafts to be in an open state, and the limiting rods on the two locking swing arms abut against the rotating shaft support rods.

[0016] The base steel frame includes an upper base beam, a lower base beam, screw rods, weights, and a central rod. The upper base beam is connected to the lower base beam. The upper base beam is used for placing the heating group. On the lower base beam, there are multiple screw rods. A weight is threadedly connected to each screw rod. By adjusting the height of the weights on each screw rod, the depth of the screw rods inserted into the seabed is controlled, thereby adjusting the balance of the base steel frame and keeping the heating device in a horizontal state. The central rod is fixed at the center of the upper base beam and the lower base beam. The upper end of the central rod is used to be locked by the locking assembly.

[0017] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The present invention focuses on solving the idea of stable heating in the wild. While ensuring the safety and efficient operation of the device, it reduces complexity, lightens weight, and optimizes the disassembly, installation, and layout schemes as much as possible, making it easier to operate and observe, and achieving the research purpose of in-situ experiments in the wild. Specifically:

[0019] 1. The present invention can be used for in-situ natural ecosystems in open waters in the wild for multi-factor and multi-organism mixed research.

[0020] 2. The present invention can simulate ocean warming phenomena in various situations, with a heating duration of more than 6 months and continuous heating for 24 hours without interruption.

[0021] 3. The present invention can stably and accurately control the temperature (both variance and error are low), and the temperature difference is controlled within 0.2 degrees Celsius.

[0022] 4. The present invention is portable in installation and production, low in cost, easy to disassemble and assemble, easy to observe, and can be transplanted to different sea areas and different ecosystems for research.

[0023] 5. The present invention has good safety, converts 240V alternating current into 24V direct current, and reduces the temperature of the heating element by means of fan heat dissipation, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 One of the schematic structural diagrams of the heating group, guide rope and cable in the heating device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Another schematic structural diagram of the heating group, guide rope and cable in the heating device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly in the heating device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the heating group in the heating device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the base steel frame in the heating device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram during the lowering process of the heating device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram after the heating device of the present invention is assembled;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic three-dimensional structural diagram after the heating group and the base steel frame in the heating device of the present invention are assembled;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the control box of the present invention;

[0033] Among them: 1 is the guide rope, 2 is the cable, 3 is the rotating shaft, 4 is the limiting rod, 5 is the water exchange hole, 6 is the barrel body, 7 is the temperature probe, 8 is the temperature probe bracket, 9 is the rotating shaft support rod, 10 is the temperature probe cable, 11 is the barrel body fixing piece, 12 is the barrel body fixing bolt, 13 is the upper beam of the base, 14 is the lower beam of the base, 15 is the screw rod, 16 is the heavy block, 17 is the central rod, 18 is the lower fixing beam of the barrel body, 19 is the guide cone tube, 20 is the heating cable, 21 is the heating plate, 22 is the lower support column, 23 is the biological growth plate, 24 is the upper support column, 25 is the support column fixing bolt, 26 is the barrel cover, 27 is the upper fixing beam of the barrel body, 28 is the locking plate, 29 is the locking swing arm, 30 is the locking weight, 31 is the wire threading ring, 32 is the traction rope, 33 is the anti-tensile cable, 34 is the control box, 35 is the connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the present invention, the base steel frame is lowered to the seabed in a set natural offshore area, and the heating group with multiple heating units is lowered onto the base steel frame and locked and fixed. The bottom of each heating unit is open and the top is closed, and holes are opened in the closed top to ensure a constant rate of hot water outflow. The water body inside each heating unit is a flowing water body that is in real-time communication with the external water body through the holes opened at their respective tops. Inside each heating unit, there is a distance between the biological cultivation area and the heating area. The flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological cultivation area and the heating area inside each heating unit is heated by a heating source with a fixed power. The hot water flowing out of the heating unit has a constant rate, thereby realizing the in-situ temperature rise of the flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological cultivation area and the heating area inside each heating unit and maintaining a constant temperature difference.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, the heating device of the present invention includes a base steel frame, a heating group, a guide rope 1, a cable 2, and a control box 34. The center of the base steel frame is connected with the guide rope 1, and the guide rope 1 passes through the center of the heating group. The heating group includes a locking assembly and a plurality of heating units evenly distributed around the locking assembly. The locking assembly drives each heating unit to slide down along the guide rope 1 and land on the base steel frame, and is clamped and fixed to the base steel frame through the locking assembly. The control box 34 is located on the shore and can control the heating power and whether a single heating unit is heated. At the same time, it can also record the temperature change curve inside each heating unit.

[0037] The material of the base steel frame in this embodiment is steel, with a height of 1.35 m and an anti-corrosion coating on the surface. The base steel frame in this embodiment includes a base upper beam 13, a base lower beam 14, a screw 15, a weight 16, and a center rod 17. The base upper beam 13 is connected to the base lower beam 14. The base upper beam 13 is a circular support structure for placing the heating group. The base lower beam 14 is two in an "X" shape, and each end of each base lower beam 14 is provided with a screw 15, and a weight 16 is threadedly connected to each screw 15. The weight 16 in this embodiment is a flat square iron block, each weighing 5.5 kg, which is used to increase the weight of the base steel frame and lower the center of gravity. At the same time, the height of each weight 16 can be adjusted by rotation to adapt to the seabed slope. By adjusting the height of the weights 16 on each screw 15, the depth of the screw 15 inserted into the seabed mud is controlled, thereby adjusting the balance of the base steel frame and keeping the heating device in a horizontal state, which can avoid the disturbance caused by water flow scouring to the greatest extent and improve the stability of the heating group. The center rod 17 is fixed at the center of the base upper beam 13 and the base lower beam 14, and the upper end of the center rod 17 is used to be locked by the locking assembly.

[0038] There are six heating units in this embodiment. Each heating unit includes a barrel body 6, a heating plate 21, a biological growth plate 23 and a barrel cover 26. The barrel body 6 is a cylindrical acrylic (polymethyl methacrylate) barrel with a closed top and an open bottom. The top of the barrel body 6 is a closed barrel cover 26. The barrel height is 30 cm and the inner diameter is 23 cm. There is a water body exchange hole 5 on the barrel cover 26. The water body inside the barrel body 6 is in real-time connection with the external water body through the water body exchange hole 5 to form a flowing water body. In this embodiment, three water body exchange holes 5 with a diameter of 5 mm are evenly arranged on each barrel cover 26, so that the heated hot water flows out from the top to strengthen the water exchange in the barrel. The heating plate 21 and the biological growth plate 23 are both located inside the barrel body 6. The biological growth plate 23 is detachably connected to the barrel cover 26 and there is a spacing between the biological growth plate 23 and the barrel cover 26. The heating plate 21 is located below the biological growth plate 23 and is connected to the biological growth plate 23. The heating plate 21 is connected to the control box 34 through the heating cable 20 in the cable 2. The flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological growth plate 23 and the heating plate 21 is heated by the heating plate 21. In this embodiment, the biological growth plate 23 is arranged at a position 2 cm below the barrel cover 26. The biological growth plate 23 is connected to the barrel cover 26 through four upper support columns 24 and is respectively tightened and fixed by four support column fixing bolts 25. The target organisms of the research experiment are fixed on the biological growth plate 23. A stainless steel heating plate 21 (length × width is 15 cm × 15 cm) with heating wires buried is arranged at a position 12 cm below the barrel cover 26 (10 cm away from the biological growth plate). The heating plate 21 is connected to the biological growth plate 23 through four lower support columns 22. The heating surface of the heating plate 21 faces upward and can heat evenly.

[0039] The flowing water body between the biological growth plate 23 and the heating plate 21 is heated. The power of the heating plate 21 is adjusted by the control box 34 through the heating cable 20. There is a temperature probe 7 below the biological growth plate 23. The temperature probe 7 is installed on the heating plate 21 through a temperature probe bracket 8. The temperature probe 7 is connected to the control box 34 through the temperature probe cable 10 in the cable 2. The temperature probe 7 is 2 mm away from the lower surface of the biological growth plate 23 and can monitor the temperature near the biological growth plate 23 in real time and conduct it to the control box 34 through the temperature probe cable 10.

[0040] The locking assembly of this embodiment is located in the middle of the six heating units. The barrels 6 in the six heating units are also fixedly connected together by an annular outer frame to play a fixing role. The locking assembly of this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 3, a limiting rod 4, a rotating shaft support rod 9, a barrel fixing beam, a locking plate 28, a locking swing arm 29, a locking weight 30, a traction rope 32 and a tensile cable 33. The barrels 6 in each heating unit are respectively fixedly connected to the barrel fixing beam. A guiding conical tube 19 is provided on the barrel fixing beam. The guiding conical tube 19 is a hollow tube with both ends open, and the middle part of the guiding conical tube 19 is a reduced-diameter structure. Since the biological growth plate 23 needs to be recycled and observed regularly, the installation of the heating group is designed very ingeniously. A guiding rope 1 passes through the guiding conical tube 19, and the lower end of the guiding rope 1 is connected to the central rod 17 in the base steel frame, that is, the guiding rope 1 passes through the center of the heating group from the center of the base steel frame, so that the heating group can slide down along the guiding rope 1 and fall on the center of the circular base upper beam 13. The two locking swing arms 29 are arranged in an "X" shape. Each locking swing arm 29 is respectively rotatably connected to a rotating shaft support rod 9 installed on the barrel fixing beam through a rotating shaft 3. One end of each locking swing arm 29 is provided with a limiting rod 4 and a locking plate 28 for locking and fixing with the base steel frame. The other end of each locking swing arm 29 is provided with a locking weight 30 with a threading loop 31. A traction rope 32 is connected to each threading loop 31 on each locking weight 30. One end of the tensile cable 33 is connected to the cable 2 and each traction rope 32, and the other end of the tensile cable 33 is connected to the control box 34. One end of the cable 2 in this embodiment is connected to one end of the tensile cable 33, and the other end of the cable 2 branches out to a heating cable 20 connected to the heating plate 21 and a temperature probe cable 10 connected to the temperature probe 7.

[0041] The barrel fixing beam of this embodiment is divided into a lower barrel fixing beam 18 and an upper barrel fixing beam 27. The lower barrel fixing beam 18 is annular and is connected to the lower end of the guiding conical tube 19 through three connecting rods 35. Along the circumferential direction on the lower barrel fixing beam 18, there are barrel fixing pieces 11 fixedly connected, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. Along the circumferential direction of the reduced-diameter structural section of the guiding conical tube 19, there are upper barrel fixing beams 27 that are in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. The end of each upper barrel fixing beam 27 is connected with a barrel fixing piece 11. There are six upper barrel fixing beams 27 in this embodiment, each fixedly connected with an arc-shaped barrel fixing piece 11. There are also six barrel fixing pieces 11 fixedly connected on the lower barrel fixing beam 18. The barrel fixing pieces 11 on the lower barrel fixing beam 18 are the same in number as and correspond one-to-one with the barrel fixing pieces 11 on the upper barrel fixing beam 27. A corresponding set of barrel fixing pieces 11 is fixedly connected to the barrel 6 in a heating unit through barrel fixing bolts 12. Among the six upper barrel fixing beams 27, there are rotating shaft support rods 9 respectively arranged on two upper barrel fixing beams 27 whose axial centerlines are along the axis. The two rotating shaft support rods 9 are symmetrical with respect to the axial centerline of the guiding conical tube 19. The top of each rotating shaft support rod 9 is provided with a rotating shaft 3 for rotatably connecting with the locking swing arm 29. After the two locking swing arms 29 are lowered and placed on the base steel frame, the respective locking weights 30 automatically fall, driving the locking swing arms 29 to rotate around the rotating shaft 3 to lock the central rod 17 on the base steel frame. When the two locking swing arms 29 are lifted, the traction ropes 32 are pulled through the anti-tensile cables 33, lifting the locking weights 30 on the two locking swing arms 29. The two locking swing arms 29 respectively rotate around their own rotating shafts 3 to be in an open state, and the limiting rods 4 on the two locking swing arms 29 respectively abut against the two rotating shaft support rods 9. The weight of the heating group underwater is 7.5 kg, and it is 16 kg after emerging from the water.

[0042] The control box 34 of this embodiment is a prior art and is placed on the shore, converting 240v alternating current into 24v direct current required for each heating unit. The control box 34 is equipped with a temperature recording and display instrument for storing the temperature inside the barrel in the heating unit recorded in real time and for displaying the temperature change curve. On the right side of the control box 34 panel are temperature adjustment buttons and power displays. Each heating plate 21 corresponds to a temperature adjustment button. The voltage of the heating plate is -24 * temperature regulator degree * 100%, and the power of the heating plate is (24 * temperature regulator degree * 100%) ^ 2 / 6. At the bottom of the control box 34 panel are a heating switch and a temperature recorder screen display switch. The control box 34 is also equipped with temperature probes to monitor the temperature inside the box in real time. The control box 34 is covered with a sunshade and reflective plate to prevent the temperature inside the control box 34 from being too high due to exposure to sunlight in the wild. At the same time, there is also a fan installed inside the control box 34 to help with heat dissipation, and there are calcium chloride particles for moisture protection.

[0043] Two sets of the heating devices of the present invention have been deployed near the cruise home port terminal in Xiaogang, Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao for internal experimental research on the succession and colonization of jellyfish, sea squirts and mussels. In the future, they can also be relocated to other waters in the coastal areas of China to study the impact of climate change on benthic ecosystems on a larger scale. The specific implementation plan of the heating device of the present invention will be described in detail in combination with this internal experimental case.

[0044] Device deployment:

[0045] 1. Site investigation: Before lowering the equipment, select an area with appropriate depth, muddy bottom and gentle slope through the investigation of the near-bottom sediment type and terrain conditions.

[0046] 2. Lower the base steel frame: Before lowering the base steel frame, install the weight 16 on the screw 15 of the base steel frame; the distance between the weight 16 and the ground should conform to the trend of the seabed slope, and the screw 15 below the weight 16 is inserted into the seabed sediment; connect the top of the central rod 17 on the base steel frame to one end of the guiding rope 1, and the other end of the guiding rope 1 is pulled up and left on the dock for standby.

[0047] 3. Lower the heating group: Pass the guiding rope 1 through the center of the heating group, straighten the guiding rope 1, pull up the anti-tensile cable 33, and slowly lower the heating group along the guiding rope 1 until it lands on the upper beam 13 of the base of the base steel frame; loosen the guiding rope 1 and the anti-tensile cable 33, and the locking weights 30 on the two locking swing arms 29 automatically fall, driving the locking swing arms 29 and the locking plate 28 to lock the central rod 17; adjust the postures of the anti-tensile cable 33 and the guiding rope 1 to avoid entanglement.

[0048] 4. Temperature adjustment of the control box: Connect the control box 34 to power, and adjust the heating power so that the temperature displayed by the temperature probe is 1.5 degrees Celsius and 3 degrees Celsius higher than the ambient water temperature; copy the data of the temperature recorder to the computer every 6 - 8 hours, check whether the average temperature reaches the predetermined temperature requirement, and then adjust the heating power according to the temperature difference between the average temperature and the target temperature until the temperature displayed by the temperature probe is 1.5 degrees Celsius and 3 degrees Celsius higher than the ambient water temperature; load calcium chloride particles behind the cooling fan to keep the inside of the control box 34 dry.

[0049] Test operation:

[0050] 1. Preparation of the heating group: Temporarily cut off the power supply of the control box 34; lift the anti-tensile cable 33 of the heating group, the locking weights 30 rise, driving the locking swing arms 29 and the locking plate 28 away from the central rod 17, and the heating group is lifted to the dock; block the water exchange holes 5 on the barrel cover 26 with nylon screws, turn the heating group upside down and place it on the dock; fill the barrel body 6 with nearby seawater to prevent the target organisms from dying due to excessive exposure to air during the installation of the biological growth plate 23.

[0051] 2. Lowering the test organisms in live culture (such as one or more of jellyfish polyps, sea squirts, bryozoans, sponges, mussels, Enteromorpha prolifera, and Hiatella arctica. In this case, the test organism inoculated is the polyps of Aurelia coerulea): Remove the heating plate 21, install the biological growth plate 23 pre-inoculated with the target organism in the barrel body 6, and then install the heating plate 21 again; Remove the nylon screw blocking the water exchange hole 5, and slowly lower the heating group onto the upper beam 13 of the base.

[0052] 3. Temperature adjustment of the control box: Power on the control box 34, and the heating power automatically returns to the previously adjusted memory value. Wait for the heating plate to warm up. After 6 - 8 hours, observe whether the average value of the temperature curve reaches the target temperature. If not, make fine adjustments.

[0053] 4. Sample observation and test data collection: Observe once every two weeks; When observing, power off the control box 34, lift the heating group, block the water exchange hole 5, turn the heating group upside down, pour in a small amount of seawater to keep the biological growth plate 23 moist; Remove the heating plate 21 and take pictures of the biological growth plate 23; In addition, the heating device of the present invention can also implement observation methods such as replacing the old biological growth plate 23 with a new one each time of observation and taking the old biological growth plate 23 back to the laboratory for analysis and processing; After taking pictures, install the heating plate 21 back, open the water exchange hole 5, and slowly lower the heating group. After installation, connect the power to the control box 34; As the test progresses, the community dynamics of the test organisms in the heating groups at different temperatures under the interaction with other benthic organisms in the natural system are different, which can be used for subsequent data analysis.

[0054] The present invention provides a heating device for heating a stable flowing water body. Since seawater is constantly scoured by currents, surges, waves, and tides, the heating of a flowing water body is affected by tides, currents, surges, and waves, and there is always a flow of relatively cold water scouring. When placing a heating rod in the vast ocean, how can it ensure a stable temperature rise of a flowing water body? The prior art uses a heat box for heating, that is, pumping water into a closed cylinder and then heating it to a predetermined temperature, and then pumping it out and injecting it into the aquaculture box after heating. This heating method will seriously interfere with the survival of plankton in the water body of the heat cylinder and at the same time reduce the efficiency of water exchange. The selection of heating sheets and heating rods also requires testing. Heating sheets have a large heating area and uniform heating, but they will block the water exchange between the inside and outside of the barrel to a certain extent. Heating rods are smaller in volume, but have low heating efficiency and are prone to forming turbulence and vortices in the barrel, with low heating stability. In contrast, the present invention is a flowing water body that is in real-time connection with the external water body, and bait and other organisms can also enter in real-time, ensuring the consistency of other factors in the heating area with the natural sea area except for the temperature difference. The heating device of the present invention can realize the in-situ temperature rise of the flowing water body, achieve heat balance and constant temperature difference, and can realize "automatic alignment and lowering" under the condition of invisible deep water, automatic locking, and can also be easily recovered; in addition, the arrangement of the heating plate 21 and the temperature probe 7 is also suitable for biological experiments. The core temperature control design of the present invention does not rely on temperature feedback for temperature control (similar to water heaters, which is too common). Since there is a certain distance between the biological culture area and the heating area, relying on temperature feedback will result in lag temperature surges and lag effects, and cannot meet the accuracy of 0.1°C. The present invention controls a relatively stable water exchange rate through some ingenious physical structure designs, and based on the principle of constant specific heat capacity and constant volume of the water body, realizes heating and temperature control with a stable power. The heating device of the present invention is movable and is not like a nuclear power warm water plume that can only study the biota in a certain place. This portability is also one of its values.

Claims

1. An in-situ stable heating device for circulating water bodies in the natural offshore area, characterized in that: It includes a base steel frame, a heating group, a guide rope (1), a cable (2) and a control box (34). The center of the base steel frame is connected with a guide rope (1), and the guide rope (1) passes through the center of the heating group. The heating group includes a locking assembly and a plurality of heating units evenly distributed around the locking assembly. The locking assembly drives each heating unit to slide down along the guide rope (1) and land on the base steel frame, and is clamped and fixed to the base steel frame through the locking assembly; each heating unit includes a barrel body (6), a heating plate (21), a biological growth plate (23) and a barrel cover (26). The barrel body (6) is connected with the locking assembly. The top of the barrel body (6) is a closed barrel cover (26), and the bottom is an open structure. A water body exchange hole (5) is opened on the barrel cover (26). The water body inside the barrel body (6) is in real-time connection with the external water body through the water body exchange hole (5) to form a flowing water body; the heating plate (21) and the biological growth plate (23) are both located inside the barrel body (6). The biological growth plate (23) is connected with the barrel cover (26). The heating plate (21) is located below the biological growth plate (23) and is connected with the biological growth plate (23). The heating plate (21) is connected with the control box (34) through a heating cable (20) in the cable (2). The flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological growth plate (23) and the heating plate (21) is heated by the heating plate (21); The locking assembly includes a rotating shaft (3), a limiting rod (4), a rotating shaft support rod (9), a barrel body fixing beam, a locking plate (28), a locking swing arm (29), a locking weight (30), a traction rope (32) and a tensile cable (33). The barrel bodies (6) in each heating unit are respectively fixed on the barrel body fixing beam. The locking swing arms (29) are two in an "X" shape. Each locking swing arm (29) is respectively rotatably connected to a rotating shaft support rod (9) installed on the barrel body fixing beam through a rotating shaft (3). One end of each locking swing arm (29) is provided with a limiting rod (4) and a locking plate (28) for locking and fixing with the base steel frame. The other end of each locking swing arm (29) is provided with a locking weight (30). A traction rope (32) is connected to the locking weight (30). One end of the tensile cable (33) is connected with the cable (2) and the traction rope (32), and the other end of the tensile cable (33) is connected with the control box (34).

2. The in-situ stable heating device for circulating water bodies in the natural offshore area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature probe (7) installed on the heating plate (21) is provided below the biological growth plate (23). The temperature probe (7) is connected with the control box (34) through a temperature probe cable (10) in the cable (2).

3. The in-situ stable heating device for circulating water bodies in the natural offshore area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological growth plate (23) can be detachably connected to the barrel cover (26), with a gap left between it and the barrel cover (26), and the heating surface of the heating plate (21) faces upward.

4. The in-situ stable heating device for flowing water in the natural offshore area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guiding conical tube (19) is provided on the barrel fixing beam. The guiding conical tube (19) is a hollow tube with both ends open. The middle part of the guiding conical tube (19) is a reduced-diameter structure, and the guiding rope (1) passes through the guiding conical tube (19).

5. The in-situ stable heating device for flowing water in the natural offshore area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The barrel fixing beam is divided into a lower barrel fixing beam (18) and an upper barrel fixing beam (27). The lower end of the guiding conical tube (19) is connected to the lower barrel fixing beam (18). Along the circumferential direction on the lower barrel fixing beam (18), there are fixedly connected barrel fixing pieces (11) that are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. Along the circumferential direction of the reduced-diameter structure section of the guiding conical tube (19), there are upper barrel fixing beams (27) that are the same in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the number of heating units. The end of each upper barrel fixing beam (27) is connected to a barrel fixing piece (11). The barrel fixing pieces (11) on the lower barrel fixing beam (18) are the same in number as the barrel fixing pieces (11) on the upper barrel fixing beam (27) and are in one-to-one correspondence up and down. A corresponding set of barrel fixing pieces (11) is fixedly connected to the barrel (6) in a heating unit.

6. The in-situ stable heating device for flowing water in the natural offshore area according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the two locking swing arms (29) are lowered and placed on the base steel frame, the respective locking weights (30) automatically fall, driving the locking swing arms (29) to rotate around the rotating shaft (3) to lock the base steel frame; when the two locking swing arms (29) are lifted, the traction rope (32) is pulled through the tensile cable (33) to lift the locking weights (30) on the two locking swing arms (29). The two locking swing arms (29) respectively rotate around their own rotating shafts (3) to be in an open state, and the limiting rods (4) on the two locking swing arms (29) abut against the rotating shaft support rod (9).

7. The in-situ stable heating device for flowing water in the natural offshore area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base steel frame includes a base upper beam (13), a base lower beam (14), screw rods (15), weight blocks (16) and a central rod (17). The base upper beam (13) is connected to the base lower beam (14). The base upper beam (13) is used for placing the heating group. A plurality of screw rods (15) are provided on the base lower beam (14), and a weight block (16) is threadedly connected to each screw rod (15). The depth of the screw rod (15) inserted into the seabed is controlled by adjusting the height of the weight block (16) on each screw rod (15), thereby adjusting the balance of the base steel frame and keeping the heating device in a horizontal state. The central rod (17) is fixed at the center of the base upper beam (13) and the base lower beam (14), and the upper end of the central rod (17) is used to be locked by a locking assembly.

8. A heating method for the in-situ stable heating device of flowing water in the wild natural sea area according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The base steel frame is lowered to the seabed in the set wild natural sea area, and the heating group with a plurality of heating units is lowered onto the base steel frame and locked and fixed. The water body inside each heating unit is a flowing water body that is in real-time communication with the external water body. Inside each heating unit, there is a distance between the biological cultivation area and the heating area. The flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological cultivation area and the heating area inside each heating unit is heated by a heating source with a fixed power. The rate of the heated hot water flowing out of the heating unit is constant, thereby realizing the in-situ temperature rise of the flowing water body with a fixed volume between the biological cultivation area and the heating area inside each heating unit and maintaining a constant temperature difference.

9. According to the heating method described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of each heating unit is open and the top is closed, and holes are opened in the closed top to ensure a constant rate of hot water outflow.

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