Ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna and detection device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of antennas and discloses an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna and a detection device. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna comprises a conical conductive structure, a grounding conductive structure, a feeding structure and a signal reflection structure. The grounding conductive structure comprises a connecting surface. The top end of the conical conductive structure is connected to the connecting surface of the grounding conductive structure, and the axis of the conical conductive structure is perpendicular to the end surface of the grounding conductive structure. The grounding conductive structure comprises a high-frequency signal end and a low-frequency signal end. The distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure is smaller than the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure. The feeding structure is electrically connected to the top end of the conical conductive structure. The signal reflection structure is connected to the end surface of the grounding conductive structure where the grounding conductive structure is connected to the conical conductive structure, and the signal reflection structure is arranged between the high-frequency signal end and the top end of the conical conductive structure. Through the arrangement, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can generate gain for radio signals of a lower frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna and detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas have the characteristics of strong gain for radio signals and stable operation. Therefore, ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas are widely used in the field of communications, especially in the field of aerospace communications.

[0003] In related technologies, ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas generally include a ground conductive structure, a conical conductive structure, and a feeding structure. Typically, the ground conductive structure is a circular or rectangular sheet structure, and the conical conductive structure is connected to one end face of the ground conductive structure. The feeding structure includes an input end and an output end. The input end is used to connect to the power supply, and the output end is connected to the top of the conical conductive structure.

[0004] When an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna outputs a radio signal, an induced current is generated within the grounded conductive structure, ultimately forming a radio signal between the sidewall of the conical conductive structure and the end face of the grounded conductive structure. When the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna receives a radio signal, the radio signal enters the space between the sidewall of the conical conductive structure and the end face of the grounded conductive structure, inducing a current within the conical conductive structure and generating an electrical signal in the feed structure.

[0005] When the size of the grounding conductive structure is limited, the distance from the endpoint of the tapered conductive structure to the edge of the grounding conductive structure is limited, which restricts the most resonant frequency of the current within the grounding conductive structure. Consequently, the lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can receive or output is limited, ultimately limiting the lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can gain. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna and detection device to solve the technical problem that the lowest frequency of the radio signal that can be gained by an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna is limited in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present invention to solve their technical problems are as follows:

[0008] On one hand, one embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna, comprising: a conical conductive structure, a ground conductive structure, a feeding structure, and a signal reflection structure. The ground conductive structure includes a connecting surface; the top end of the conical conductive structure is connected to the connecting surface of the ground conductive structure, the axis of the conical conductive structure is perpendicular to the end face of the ground conductive structure, the ground conductive structure includes a high-frequency signal end and a low-frequency signal end, the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure; the feeding structure is electrically connected to the top end of the conical conductive structure; the signal reflection structure is connected to the end face of the ground conductive structure connected to the conical conductive structure, and the signal reflection structure is positioned between the low-frequency signal end and the top end of the conical conductive structure.

[0009] With the above structure, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment is eccentrically positioned relative to the ground conductive structure via a conical conductive structure. Specifically, the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure. This results in the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure being greater than the radius of the circumcircle of the ground conductive structure. Consequently, the maximum wavelength of the current within the ground conductive junction is longer, thereby reducing the minimum frequency of the current within the ground conductive structure. Ultimately, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can provide gain for lower-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the region between the high-frequency signal end and the top of the conical conductive structure provides gain for high-frequency radio signals, while the region between the low-frequency signal end and the top of the conical conductive structure provides gain for both low-frequency and high-frequency radio signals.

[0010] Furthermore, radio signals with wavelengths shorter than the distance between the signal reflection structure and the top of the conical conductive structure are classified as higher-frequency radio signals, while those with wavelengths longer than the distance are classified as lower-frequency radio signals. Under the influence of the signal reflection structure, higher-frequency radio signals can be reflected towards the higher-frequency signal end, while lower-frequency radio signals are difficult to reflect towards the higher-frequency signal end. Therefore, in this embodiment's ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna, higher-frequency radio signals can propagate more concentratedly along the direction from the top of the conical conductive structure towards the higher-frequency signal end. Ultimately, this allows the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna of this embodiment to have a certain guiding effect on radio signals above a certain frequency.

[0011] In some embodiments, the minimum operating frequency of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna is set to f. L The highest operating frequency is f H The higher frequency signal is specified as f. b f L <f b <f H f LThe corresponding wavelength is λ L , λ L =c / f L ;f H The corresponding wavelength is λ H , λ H =c / f H ;f b The corresponding wavelength is λ b , λ b =c / f b The distance between the top of the conical conductive structure and the signal reflecting structure is L1, where c is the speed of light in air; k1λ b <L1<λ H k1 is a constant.

[0012] Based on the above structure, and according to the formula λ=c / f, it can be concluded that at the lowest operating frequency f L With the highest operating frequency f H Among the radio signals between, the highest operating frequency f H The radio signal corresponds to the shortest wavelength. Therefore, when L1 < λ H In theory, the signal reflection structure can reflect the lowest operating frequency f. L With the highest operating frequency f H The radio signals between them are reflected.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the design specifications for a dipole antenna, the dipole antenna includes an antenna body and a reflector. The operating frequency of the dipole antenna is f0, and the distance between the antenna body and the reflector is d, where λ0 = c / f0, and c is the speed of light. It is found that when the distance between the antenna body and the reflector is 0.25λ0 or greater, the reflector's reflection effect on the radio signals generated in the antenna body is optimal. In this embodiment, the signal reflection structure 40 is similar to a reflector, and the conical conductive structure is similar to the antenna body; therefore, in this embodiment, k1 is 0.25. When 0.25λ... b When L < L1, theoretically, the signal reflection structure can achieve better reflection of higher frequency radio signals, while reducing the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure on lower frequency radio signals.

[0014] The final signal reflection structure can reflect frequencies higher than f. b And below f H Radio signals have a strong reflection effect; at the same time, the signal reflection structure is effective for frequencies below f. b And higher than f L The radio signal reflection effect is relatively weak; therefore, the signal reflection structure can minimize the impact on frequencies below f. b And higher than f L The direction of radio signal propagation, while guiding the frequency higher than f.b And below f H The directional propagation of radio signals.

[0015] In some embodiments, the height of the signal reflection structure is H, k2L1 < H < L1, and k2 is a constant.

[0016] With the above structure, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna of this embodiment, the higher the height of the signal reflection structure, the better the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure on radio signals. However, when H > L1, the signal reflection structure can also play a good reflection effect on lower frequency radio signals. Therefore, in this embodiment, H < L1 needs to be satisfied in order to reduce the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure on lower frequency radio signals.

[0017] Furthermore, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna of this embodiment, the lower the height of the signal reflection structure, the larger the distance between the end of the signal reflection structure away from the ground conductive structure and the sidewall of the conical conductive structure, which in turn leads to a decrease in the reflection efficiency of the signal reflection structure for radio signals. Therefore, through experimental measurements, it was found that when 0.5L1 < H in this embodiment, the signal reflection structure has a better reflection effect on radio signals. Therefore, k2 is 0.5 in this embodiment.

[0018] Therefore, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna of this embodiment, 0.5L1 < H < L1; the signal reflection structure has a lower reflection effect on lower frequency radio signals, while the signal reflection structure has a better reflection effect on higher frequency radio signals; ultimately, it further improves the directional propagation effect of higher frequency signals.

[0019] In some embodiments, the distance from the high-frequency signal terminal to the top of the tapered conductive structure is L2, where L2 < L1 + H.

[0020] With the above structure, due to limited space, the length of the grounding conductive structure is fixed, thus limiting the distance between the high-frequency signal end and the low-frequency signal end. It can be deduced that the shorter the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure, the longer the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure. Consequently, the lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can gain in this embodiment can also be lower. Furthermore, when the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure is larger, the portion between the high-frequency signal end and the top of the conical conductive structure can gain even lower frequency radio signals, thus expanding the range of radio signal frequencies that can be gained in the portion between the high-frequency signal end and the top of the conical conductive structure. Therefore, in this embodiment, L2 < L1 + H, which satisfies the requirement that the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure be as short as possible, while also allowing the portion between the high-frequency signal end and the top of the conical conductive structure to gain even higher frequency radio signals. Ultimately, this results in a lower lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can gain, and also allows the high-frequency radio signals to be better directionally transmitted under the action of the signal reflection structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, a notch is provided on the grounding conductive structure, and the notch and the conical conductive structure are located on opposite sides of the signal reflection structure.

[0022] Through the aforementioned structure, the notch bends the circuit between the top of the conical conductive structure and the high-frequency signal terminal, thereby increasing the circuit length between them. This allows the circuit to carry current of a larger wavelength, ultimately enabling the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment to provide gain for lower-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, since the notch and the conical conductive structure are located on opposite sides of the signal reflection structure, the ground structure between the top of the conical conductive structure and the signal reflection structure can still generate higher-frequency radio signals. Therefore, theoretically, the lowest frequency of the radio signal reflected by the signal reflection structure will not be affected by the notch.

[0023] In some embodiments, the grounding conductive structure and the signal reflecting structure are integrally formed, the side of the signal reflecting structure is connected to the side of the notch, and the end face of the signal reflecting structure is perpendicular to the end face of the grounding conductive structure.

[0024] With the above structure, the signal reflection structure is directly connected to the grounding conductive structure. The signal reflection structure can be manufactured solely through a folding process, making it easier to produce. Furthermore, the connection between the signal reflection structure and the grounding conductive structure is smoother, resulting in a flatter end face of the grounding conductive structure. Consequently, the induced current in the grounding conductive structure is more stable, ultimately enabling the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment to more stably gain radio signals. In addition, the signal reflection structure requires no other materials, reducing the material cost of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment.

[0025] In some embodiments, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment further includes an annular side plate, the inner side of which is connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the conical conductive structure, and the end face of which is parallel to the end face of the grounded conductive structure.

[0026] With the above structure, without the annular side plate, the effective working distance of the conical conductive structure is the length of its busbar; with or without the annular side plate, the effective working distance is the length of its busbar plus the distance from the inner to the outer ring of the annular side plate. Therefore, the annular side plate can increase the effective working distance of the conical conductive structure without changing its height, thereby further improving the gain of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna for radio signals in this embodiment.

[0027] In some embodiments, a clearance groove is provided on the side of the grounding conductive structure.

[0028] With the above structure, due to the limited installation space of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment, other components may occupy part of the installation space of the grounding conductive structure. The clearance slot provides installation space for other components, and under the action of the clearance slot, the grounding conductive structure has an irregular shape and a larger end face area. When the grounding conductive structure has an irregular shape, the perimeter of the end face of the grounding conductive structure is longer, and the current needs to pass through a longer circuit when flowing along the edge of the grounding conductive structure. The resistance value of the edge of the grounding conductive structure is larger, so the edge current is smaller, and finally the clearance slot can suppress the edge current. In addition, when the end face area of ​​the grounding conductive structure is larger, the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure can be further increased, so the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals.

[0029] In some embodiments, at least two sets of clearance grooves are provided. One set of clearance grooves is provided on one side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure, and the other set of clearance grooves is provided on the other side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure. All clearance grooves are arranged alternately along the axis of the grounding conductive structure.

[0030] With the above structure, the clearance slots do not overlap with the long side symmetry axis of the grounding conductive structure, resulting in a straight line segment along the circuit from the top of the conical conductive structure to the low-frequency signal end. Therefore, the current within the grounding conductive structure is more stable, and ultimately, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment can effectively gain lower-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, the two sets of clearance slots are asymmetrically distributed along the long side symmetry axis of the grounding conductive structure, thereby reducing the maximum wavelength of the current flowing perpendicular to the long axis of the grounding conductive structure, thus improving the directional flow of low-frequency current within the grounding conductive structure. Simultaneously, multiple clearance slots can further increase the length of the side of the grounding conductive structure, further suppressing edge currents.

[0031] In some embodiments, multiple low-frequency signal terminals are provided, and a signal reflection structure is provided between any low-frequency signal terminal and the conical conductive structure; the high-frequency signal terminal and all the low-frequency signal terminals are respectively located on both sides of the conical conductive structure.

[0032] With the above structure, an induced current can be generated between each low-frequency signal terminal and the top of the conical conductive structure. Therefore, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment can generate gain for lower-frequency radio signals at multiple points. Thus, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment can improve the overall gain for low-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, when the circuit between one low-frequency signal terminal and the top of the conical conductive structure is broken, the circuits between the other low-frequency signal terminals and the top of the conical conductive structure can still operate normally. Therefore, the durability of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment is improved.

[0033] In another aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a detection device, including any of the above-described ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in this embodiment is eccentrically positioned relative to the ground conductive structure through a conical conductive structure. That is, the distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure. This results in the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top of the conical conductive structure being greater than the radius of the outer circle of the ground conductive structure. Therefore, the maximum wavelength of the current in the ground conductive structure is longer, thereby reducing the minimum frequency of the current in the ground conductive structure. Ultimately, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals.

[0035] In addition, the detection device in this embodiment includes the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna described above, so the detection device can also generate gain for lower frequency radio signals. Attached Figure Description

[0036] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0037] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a side view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a top view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a top view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a top view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in yet another embodiment of the invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a top view of an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna in other embodiments of the invention.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] 100. Ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna; 10. Conical conductive structure; 12. Ring-shaped side plate; 20. Grounding conductive structure; 22. High-frequency signal terminal; 24. Low-frequency signal terminal; 202. Notch; 204. Leaving slot; 206. Connecting surface; 30. Feeding structure; 40. Signal reflection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "upper end," "lower end," "top," and "bottom," etc., used in this specification indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] The following detailed description, in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings, and through specific embodiments, illustrates an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 and a detection device provided in this application.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 On one hand, one embodiment of the present invention discloses an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100, including a conical conductive structure 10, a ground conductive structure 20, a feeding structure 30, and a signal reflection structure 40. The ground conductive structure 20 includes a connection surface 206. The top end of the conical conductive structure 10 is connected to the connection surface 206 of the ground conductive structure 20. The axis of the conical conductive structure 10 is perpendicular to the end face of the ground conductive structure 20. The ground conductive structure 20 includes a high-frequency signal terminal 22 and a low-frequency signal terminal 24. The distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top end of the conical conductive structure 10 is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal terminal 24 to the top end of the conical conductive structure 10. The feeding structure 30 is electrically connected to the top end of the conical conductive structure 10. The signal reflection structure 40 is connected to the end face where the ground conductive structure 20 and the conical conductive structure 10 are connected. The signal reflection structure 40 is positioned between the low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top end of the conical conductive structure 10.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the axis of symmetry of the long side parallel to the long side of the rectangle is the axis of symmetry of the long side, and the axis of symmetry of the long side parallel to the short side is the axis of symmetry of the short side and the long side. The conical conductive structure 10 is a single cone with a straight generatrix and a hollow conical structure. The grounding conductive structure 20 is rectangular, with one of its length and width forming a connecting surface 206. The axis of the conical conductive structure 10 is perpendicular to and coplanar with the axis of symmetry of the long side of the connecting surface 206 of the grounding conductive structure 20. One end of the power supply structure 30 is used to connect to the power source, and the other end passes through the grounding conductive structure 20 and connects to the top of the conical conductive structure 10. The signal reflection structure 40 is a rectangular plate structure, integrally formed with the grounding conductive structure 20. The ratio of the distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 to the distance from the low-frequency signal terminal 24 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is 1:6. The conical conductive structure 10, the grounding conductive structure 20, and the signal reflection structure 40 are all made of copper.

[0050] In other embodiments, the conical conductive structure 10 can also be a double cone; the busbar of the conical conductive structure 10 can also be curved, with the busbar concave towards the axis of the conical conductive structure 10, and the conical conductive structure 10 is trumpet-shaped; the ground conductive structure 20 can also be other shapes, such as elliptical or polygonal; the signal reflection structure 40 can also be other shapes, such as semicircular or polygonal; the signal reflection structure 40 can also be connected to the ground conductive structure 20 in other ways, such as by welding; the ratio of the distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 to the distance from the low-frequency signal terminal 24 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can also be other values; the conical conductive structure 10, the ground conductive structure 20 and the signal reflection structure 40 can also be made of other conductive materials, such as silver.

[0051] With the above structure, when the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 receives or outputs wireless signals, alternating current is generated in the conical conductive structure 10, which in turn generates a changing magnetic field around the conical conductive structure 10. An induced current with a certain resonant frequency is generated in the ground conductive structure 20. Due to the limitation of installation space, the size of the ground conductive structure 20 is limited, and the distance between the side of the ground conductive structure 20 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is also limited. Therefore, the maximum wavelength of the current in the ground conductive structure 20 is also limited. It can be inferred that the lowest frequency of the current in the ground conductive structure 20 is limited, which ultimately causes the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 to only generate gain for radio signals with frequencies higher than a certain range.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 is eccentrically positioned relative to the ground conductive structure 20 via a tapered conductive structure 10. That is, the distance from the high-frequency signal end 22 to the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal end 24 to the top of the tapered conductive structure 10. This results in the distance from the low-frequency signal end 24 to the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 being greater than the radius of the outer circle of the ground conductive structure 20. Consequently, the maximum wavelength of the current within the ground conductive structure 20 is longer, thereby reducing the minimum frequency of the current within the ground conductive structure 20. Ultimately, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100, the region between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can generate gain for high-frequency radio signals, while the region between the low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can generate gain for both low-frequency and high-frequency radio signals. Therefore, in this embodiment of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100, high-frequency radio signals can diffuse outward along the entire grounded conductive structure 20, while low-frequency radio signals can only diffuse outward along the region between the low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10.

[0054] Let the radio signal with a wavelength shorter than the distance between the signal reflection structure 40 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 be considered a higher frequency radio signal, and the radio signal with a wavelength longer than the distance between the signal reflection structure 40 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 be considered a lower frequency radio signal. Under the action of the signal reflection structure 40, the higher frequency radio signal can be reflected towards the high frequency signal end 22, while the lower frequency radio signal is difficult to be reflected towards the high frequency signal end 22. Therefore, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 of this embodiment, the higher frequency radio signal can propagate more concentratedly along the direction from the top of the conical conductive structure 10 towards the high frequency signal end 22. Ultimately, this makes the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 of this embodiment have a certain guiding effect on radio signals above a certain frequency.

[0055] In some embodiments, the minimum operating frequency of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 is set to f. L The highest operating frequency is f H The higher frequency signal is specified as f. b f L <f b <f H f L The corresponding wavelength is λ L , λ L =c / f L ;f H The corresponding wavelength is λ H , λ H =c / f H ;f b The corresponding wavelength is λ b , λ b =c / f b The distance between the top of the conical conductive structure 10 and the signal reflecting structure 40 is L1, where c is the speed of light in air; k1λ b <L1<λ H k1 is a constant.

[0056] Specifically, the minimum operating frequency f of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment can be controlled by the current frequency of the power supply connected to the feeding structure 30. L and the highest operating frequency f H Subsequently, a higher frequency signal was specified as f based on the requirements. b Using the formula λ = c / f, where c is the speed of light, the wavelength λ corresponding to the highest frequency radio signal can be calculated. H The wavelength λ corresponding to higher frequency signals b The distance between the signal reflection structure 40 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is L1. In the manufacturing process of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment, it is necessary to satisfy k1λb<L1<λ HIn this embodiment, k1 is 0.25; in other embodiments, k1 can also be other values ​​according to design requirements.

[0057] Based on the above structure, and according to the formula λ=c / f, it can be concluded that at the lowest operating frequency f L With the highest operating frequency f H Among the radio signals between, the highest operating frequency f H The radio signal corresponds to the shortest wavelength. Therefore, when L1 < λ H In theory, the signal reflection structure 40 can reflect the lowest operating frequency f. L With the highest operating frequency f H The radio signals between them are reflected.

[0058] Furthermore, according to the design specifications for a dipole antenna, the dipole antenna includes an antenna body and a reflector. The operating frequency of the dipole antenna is f0, and the distance between the antenna body and the reflector is d, where λ0 = c / f0, and c is the speed of light. It is found that when the distance between the antenna body and the reflector is 0.25λ0 or greater, the reflector's reflection effect on the radio signals generated in the antenna body is optimal. In this embodiment, the signal reflection structure 40 is similar to a reflector, and the conical conductive structure 10 is similar to the antenna body; therefore, in this embodiment, k1 is 0.25. When 0.25λ... b When L1 < L1, theoretically, the signal reflection structure 40 can achieve a better reflection effect on higher frequency radio signals, while reducing the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure 40 on lower frequency radio signals.

[0059] Signal reflection structure 40 can reflect frequencies higher than f b And below f H The radio signals have a strong reflection effect; at the same time, the signal reflection structure has 40 pairs of frequencies lower than f. b And higher than f L The radio signal reflection effect is relatively weak; therefore, the signal reflection structure 40 can minimize the impact on frequencies below f. b And higher than f L The direction of radio signal propagation, while guiding the frequency higher than f. b And below f H The directional propagation of radio signals.

[0060] In some embodiments, the height of the signal reflection structure is H, k2L1 < H < L1, and k2 is a constant.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, k2 is 0.5; in other embodiments, k2 can be other values ​​according to design requirements. The signal reflection structure 40 is a rectangular sheet structure, and the signal reflection structure 40 is perpendicular to the connection surface 206 of the grounding conductive structure 20; during the manufacturing process, the height H of the signal reflection structure 40 is controlled between 0.5L1 and L1.

[0062] With the above structure, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 of this embodiment, the higher the height of the signal reflection structure 40, the better the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure 40 on radio signals. However, when H > L1, the signal reflection structure 40 can also play a good reflection effect on lower frequency radio signals. Therefore, in this embodiment, H < L1 needs to be satisfied in order to reduce the reflection effect of the signal reflection structure 40 on lower frequency radio signals.

[0063] Furthermore, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 of this embodiment, the lower the height of the signal reflection structure 40, the larger the distance between the end of the signal reflection structure 40 away from the ground conductive structure 20 and the sidewall of the conical conductive structure 10, which in turn leads to a decrease in the reflection efficiency of the signal reflection structure 40 for radio signals. Therefore, through experimental measurements, it was found that when 0.5L1 < H in this embodiment, the signal reflection structure 40 has a better reflection effect on radio signals. Therefore, k2 is 0.5 in this embodiment.

[0064] Therefore, in the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 of this embodiment, 0.5L1 < H < L1; the signal reflection structure 40 has a lower reflection effect on lower frequency radio signals, while the signal reflection structure 40 has a better reflection effect on higher frequency radio signals; ultimately further improving the directional propagation effect of higher frequency signals.

[0065] In some embodiments, the distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 is L2, where L2 < L1 + H.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, the grounding conductive structure 20 is rectangular in shape. One wide side of the connection surface 206 of the grounding conductive structure 20 is the high-frequency signal terminal 22, and the other wide side is the low-frequency signal terminal 24. When the conical conductive structure 10 is connected to the grounding conductive structure 20, the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is placed on the line connecting the midpoint of the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the low-frequency signal terminal 24. The distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is L2, which must satisfy L2 < L1 + H.

[0067] With the above structure, due to limited space, the length of the grounding conductive structure 20 is fixed, which limits the distance between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the low-frequency signal terminal 24. It can be deduced that the shorter the distance between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10, the longer the distance between the low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 can gain can also be lower.

[0068] Furthermore, the greater the distance between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the tapered conductive structure 10, the portion between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 can gain lower frequency radio signals, and thus the range of radio signal frequencies that the portion between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 can gain is larger.

[0069] Therefore, in this embodiment, L2 < L1 + H, which ensures that the distance from the high-frequency signal terminal 22 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is as short as possible, and the portion between the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can also gain higher frequency radio signals; ultimately, the lowest frequency of the radio signal that the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 can gain is lower, and the high-frequency radio signals can also be better directionally transmitted under the action of the signal reflection structure 40.

[0070] In some embodiments, a notch 202 is provided on the grounding conductive structure 20, and the notch 202 and the tapered conductive structure 10 are located on both sides of the signal reflecting structure 40.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, the notch 202 and the signal reflection structure 40 have the same shape, both being rectangular; there is one notch 202, and the long side symmetry axis of the notch 202 is collinear with the long side symmetry axis of the grounding conductive structure 20 connecting surface 206. In other embodiments, the notch 202 can also be other shapes, such as circular or polygonal; there can also be multiple notches 202, and the notch 202 may not be coaxial with the grounding conductive structure 20.

[0072] Through the above structure, the notch 202 makes the circuit between the top of the conical conductive structure 10 and the high-frequency signal terminal 22 bend, thereby increasing the circuit length between the top of the conical conductive structure 10 and the high-frequency signal terminal 22, so that the top of the conical conductive structure 10 and the high-frequency signal terminal 22 can carry a larger wavelength current. Finally, in this embodiment, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals.

[0073] Furthermore, since the notch 202 and the conical conductive structure 10 are located on both sides of the signal reflection structure 40, the ground conductive structure 20 between the top of the conical conductive structure 10 and the signal reflection structure 40 can still generate a higher frequency radio signal. Therefore, theoretically, the lowest frequency of the radio signal reflected by the signal reflection structure 40 will not be affected by the notch 202.

[0074] In some embodiments, the grounding conductive structure 20 and the signal reflecting structure 40 are integrally formed, the side of the signal reflecting structure 40 is connected to the side of the notch 202, and the signal reflecting structure 40 is perpendicular to the connection surface 206 of the grounding conductive structure 20.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, during the manufacturing process, the signal reflection structure 40 is first formed by cutting a notch 202 along the grounding conductive structure 20. The portion of the grounding conductive structure 20 within the notch 202 constitutes the signal reflection structure 40, and one side of the signal reflection structure 40 is connected to the grounding conductive structure 20. Subsequently, the signal reflection structure 40 is bent relative to the grounding conductive structure 20 using a bending machine. The signal reflection structure 40 rotates 90° towards the end face of the grounding conductive structure 20 where the tapered conductive structure 10 is connected, so that the end face of the signal reflection structure 40 is perpendicular to the end face of the grounding conductive structure 20. In other embodiments, the notch 202 is formed by cutting along the grounding conductive structure 20, and the portion of the grounding conductive structure 20 within the notch 202 constitutes the signal reflection structure 40. Subsequently, the signal reflection structure 40 can also be directly bent relative to the grounding conductive structure 20 using a stamping process.

[0076] With the above structure, the signal reflection structure 40 is directly connected to the grounding conductive structure 20. The signal reflection structure 40 can be manufactured using only a folding process, making it easier to manufacture. Simultaneously, the connection between the signal reflection structure 40 and the grounding conductive structure 20 is smoother, resulting in a flatter end face of the grounding conductive structure 20. Therefore, the induced current in the grounding conductive structure 20 is more stable, ultimately enabling the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment to more stably gain radio signals. Furthermore, the signal reflection structure 40 does not require the use of other materials, reducing the material cost of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment further includes an annular side plate 12, the inner side of which is connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the conical conductive structure 10, and the annular side plate 12 is parallel to the connection surface 206 of the ground conductive structure 20.

[0078] Specifically, the inner circle of the annular side plate 12 is circular, the inner diameter of the annular side plate 12 is adapted to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the conical conductive structure 10, and the thickness of the annular side plate 12 is adapted to the thickness of the conical conductive structure 10. The inner side of the annular side plate 12 is connected to the bottom edge of the conical conductive structure 10. In this embodiment, the annular side plate 12 and the conical conductive structure 10 are integrally formed; in other embodiments, the annular side plate 12 and the conical conductive structure 10 can also be connected by welding. In this embodiment, the outer side of the annular side plate 12 is circular; in other embodiments, the outer side of the annular side plate 12 can also be wavy or zigzag, and the outer side of the annular side plate 12 is circular after fitting.

[0079] With the above structure, without the annular side plate 12, the effective working distance of the conical conductive structure 10 is the length of its busbar; with or without the annular side plate 12, the effective working distance of the conical conductive structure 10 is the length of its busbar plus the distance from the inner to the outer ring of the annular side plate 12. Therefore, the annular side plate 12 can increase the effective working distance of the conical conductive structure 10 without changing its height, thereby further improving the gain of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 for radio signals in this embodiment.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, a clearance groove 204 is provided on the side of the grounding conductive structure 20.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, the clearance groove 204 is rectangular, and multiple clearance grooves 204 are provided; the clearance groove 204 is opened along one side of the grounding conductive structure 20, that is, one side of the clearance groove 204 is collinear with one side of the grounding conductive structure 20. In other embodiments, the clearance groove 204 may also be in other shapes, such as polygonal or circular, and there may be only one clearance groove 204; the clearance groove 204 may also be opened inside the grounding conductive structure 20, that is, the sides of the clearance groove 204 are not collinear with the sides of the grounding conductive structure 20.

[0082] With the above structure, due to the limited installation space of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment, other components may occupy part of the installation space of the grounding conductive structure 20. The clearance slot 204 can provide installation space for other components. Under the action of the clearance slot 204, the grounding conductive structure 20 has an irregular shape and a larger end face area. When the grounding conductive structure 20 has an irregular shape, the perimeter of the end face of the grounding conductive structure 20 is longer. As a result, the current needs to pass through a longer circuit when flowing along the edge of the grounding conductive structure 20. The resistance value of the edge of the grounding conductive structure 20 is larger, so the edge current is smaller. Ultimately, the clearance slot 204 can suppress the edge current. In addition, when the end face area of ​​the grounding conductive structure 20 is larger, the distance from the low-frequency signal end 24 to the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can be further increased. Therefore, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals.

[0083] In some embodiments, at least two sets of clearance grooves 204 are provided. One set of clearance grooves 204 is provided on one side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure 20, and the other set of clearance grooves 204 is provided on the other side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure 20. All clearance grooves 204 are arranged alternately along the axis of the grounding conductive structure 20.

[0084] Specifically, the clearance groove 204 is rectangular, with its long side overlapping the long side of the grounding conductive structure 20, and its wide side perpendicular to the long side of the grounding conductive structure 20. The length of the wide side of the clearance groove 204 is less than half the length of the wide side of the grounding conductive structure 20, thus achieving two sets of clearance grooves 204 located on both sides of the grounding conductive structure 20 along the symmetrical axis of the long side of the grounding conductive structure 20. At the same time, the axes of all clearance grooves 204 perpendicular to the long axis of the grounding conductive structure 20 are not collinear, thus achieving a staggered arrangement of all clearance grooves 204.

[0085] With the above structure, the clearance slots 204 do not overlap with the long side symmetry axis of the grounding conductive structure 20, thus forming a straight line segment along the circuit from the top of the conical conductive structure 10 to the low-frequency signal terminal 24. Therefore, the current within the grounding conductive structure 20 is more stable, and ultimately, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment can effectively gain lower-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, the two sets of clearance slots 204 are asymmetrically distributed along the long side symmetry axis of the grounding conductive structure 20, thereby reducing the maximum wavelength of the current flowing perpendicular to the long axis of the grounding conductive structure 20, and thus improving the directional flow of low-frequency current within the grounding conductive structure 20. Simultaneously, multiple clearance slots 204 can further increase the length of the side of the grounding conductive structure 20, thereby further suppressing edge currents.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 6In some embodiments, multiple low-frequency signal terminals 24 are provided, and a signal reflection structure 40 is provided between any low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the conical conductive structure 10; the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and all low-frequency signal terminals 24 are located on both sides of the conical conductive structure 10.

[0087] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are three low-frequency signal terminals 24. The grounding conductive structure 20 is radial and includes three rectangular strip structures, two of which are shorter and the other is longer. One end of the longer rectangular strip is the high-frequency signal terminal 22, and the other end is the low-frequency signal terminal 24. The tapered conductive structure 10 is located near the high-frequency signal terminal 22 of the longer rectangular strip. The length of the shorter rectangular strip is equal to the distance from the top of the tapered conductive structure 10 to the corresponding low-frequency signal terminal 24 of the longer rectangular strip. One end of the shorter rectangular strip is connected to the top of the tapered conductive structure 10, and the other end is the low-frequency signal terminal 24. Therefore, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment has multiple low-frequency signal terminals 24.

[0088] Two shorter rectangular strips are located on both sides of the longer rectangular strip. The low-frequency signal terminal 24 corresponding to the longer rectangular strip forms a connecting line with the top of the conical conductive structure 10. The angle between the connecting line and the long side symmetry axis of the shorter rectangular strip is 60°, thereby realizing that the high-frequency signal terminal 22 and all the low-frequency signal terminals 24 are located on both sides of the conical conductive structure 10.

[0089] In other embodiments, the number of low-frequency signal terminals 24 can be different. Therefore, the number of shorter rectangular bars can also be different. The low-frequency signal terminals 24 corresponding to the longer rectangular bars form a connecting line with the top of the conical conductive structure 10. The angle between the connecting line and the axis of the shorter rectangular bars can also be different degrees, as long as the high-frequency signal terminals 22 and all the low-frequency signal terminals 24 are located on both sides of the conical conductive structure 10.

[0090] With the above structure, an induced current can be generated between each low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10. Therefore, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment can generate gain for lower frequency radio signals at multiple points. Thus, the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment can improve the total gain for low-frequency radio signals. Furthermore, when the circuit between one low-frequency signal terminal 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 is broken, the circuits between the other low-frequency signal terminals 24 and the top of the conical conductive structure 10 can still operate normally. Therefore, the reliability of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment is improved.

[0091] On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention discloses a detection device, including any of the above-described ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas 100. In this embodiment, the detection device can be a ground-based fixed device, such as radar; in other embodiments, the detection device can also be other devices with detection functions, such as unmanned reconnaissance aircraft.

[0092] When the detection device includes the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna 100 in this embodiment, the detection device can also generate gain for lower frequency radio signals, thereby enabling the detection device to receive radio signals in a higher frequency range, and ultimately the detection device has better detection performance.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a conical conductive structure, a grounding conductive structure, a power supply structure, and a signal reflection structure. The grounding conductive structure includes a connecting surface. The top end of the conical conductive structure is connected to the connecting surface of the grounding conductive structure. The axis of the conical conductive structure is perpendicular to the end face of the grounding conductive structure. The grounding conductive structure includes a high-frequency signal end and a low-frequency signal end. The distance from the high-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure is less than the distance from the low-frequency signal end to the top end of the conical conductive structure. The power supply structure is electrically connected to the top end of the conical conductive structure. The signal reflection structure is connected to the end face where the grounding conductive structure connects to the conical conductive structure and is positioned between the low-frequency signal end and the top end of the conical conductive structure.

2. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum operating frequency of the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna is set to f. L The highest operating frequency is f H The higher frequency signal is specified as f. b f L <f b <f H f L The corresponding wavelength is λ L , λ L =c / f L ;f H The corresponding wavelength is λ H , λ H =c / f H ;f b The corresponding wavelength is λ b , λ b =c / f b The distance between the top of the conical conductive structure and the signal reflecting structure is L1, where c is the speed of light in air; k1λ b <L1<λ H k1 is a constant.

3. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the signal reflection structure is H, k2L1 < H < L1, and k2 is a constant.

4. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance from the high-frequency signal terminal to the top of the conical conductive structure is L2, where L2 < L1 + H.

5. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding conductive structure has a notch, and the notch and the conical conductive structure are located on opposite sides of the signal reflection structure.

6. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grounding conductive structure and the signal reflection structure are integrally formed, the side of the signal reflection structure is connected to the side of the notch, and the end face of the signal reflection structure is perpendicular to the end face of the grounding conductive structure.

7. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an annular side plate, the inner side of which is connected to the outer side of the bottom of the conical conductive structure, and the end face of the annular side plate is parallel to the end face of the grounded conductive structure.

8. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clearance groove is provided on the side of the grounding conductive structure.

9. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clearance groove is provided in at least two sets. One set of clearance grooves is provided on one side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure, and the other set of clearance grooves is provided on the other side of the axis of the grounding conductive structure. All clearance grooves are arranged alternately along the axis of the grounding conductive structure.

10. The ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-frequency signal terminals are provided in multiple ways, and a signal reflection structure is provided between any low-frequency signal terminal and the conical conductive structure; the high-frequency signal terminals and all the low-frequency signal terminals are respectively located on both sides of the conical conductive structure.

11. A detection device, characterized in that, Includes the ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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