Working device for quickly disassembling and assembling thumb clamp, disassembling and assembling method, and excavator

Abstract

The present invention provides a working device, assembly and disassembly method, and excavator for quickly disassembling a thumb clamp. The working device comprises a bucket arm, a quick-change mechanism, and a thumb clamp. Two short shafts serve as connecting shafts at the front end of the bucket arm, connecting the quick-change mechanism, the bucket arm, and the thumb clamp via the two short shafts. The connecting shafts are assembled and disassembled using a threaded drive mechanism. This working device differs from conventional working devices in that the single short shaft at the front end of the bucket arm is replaced with two short shafts, and the short shaft installation method is changed from hammering to installation and removal by rotating a set screw or the short shaft itself. This significantly reduces the effort required to assemble and disassemble the short shaft. Furthermore, the gentle assembly and disassembly method avoids damage to the short shaft and the working device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an excavator working device of engineering machinery, belonging to the technical field of engineering machinery excavators. Background Art

[0002] Excavators, as a typical example of construction machinery, operate over a wide range of conditions and face complex working conditions. When loading large materials into the excavator bucket, the material tends to sway with the bucket's movement, creating unstable motion and potentially generating significant additional loads or material falling from the bucket, creating a significant risk. A thumb clamp, driven by a cylinder, covers the bucket's material opening, assisting the bucket in securing the material. Excavators equipped with a thumb clamp often feature a quick-change mechanism. The quick-change mechanism, thumb clamp, and dipper arm are connected by a common shaft, requiring high precision during installation and making installation difficult. Furthermore, when loading standard materials, the thumb clamp is inactive. The thumb clamp and its cylinder weigh a combined 800-1000 kg, resulting in significant energy waste when loading materials.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the conventional excavator thumb clamp working device connects the arm (4), quick-release (3), and thumb clamp (1) via a long shaft (2) and secured with a stop bolt (5). The design failed to account for the heavy weight of the thumb clamp and its hydraulic cylinder when the thumb clamp is not in use, resulting in significant energy waste. Because the thumb clamp, quick-release, and arm are connected by a single shaft, disassembly and assembly of the thumb clamp on the construction site is difficult, resulting in significant delays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a working device, a disassembly and assembly method, and an excavator for quickly disassembling a thumb clamp, which can realize flexible and quick disassembly and assembly at the construction site by rotating the set screw and the rotating shaft through the internal set screw.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a working device for quickly disassembling and assembling a thumb clamp, comprising an axle seat arranged at the front end of a bucket rod;

[0007] Both ends of the shaft seat are respectively provided with shaft holes for connecting with the thumb clamp. The two shaft holes are coaxial with the central axis, and a short shaft is inserted into the two shaft holes. The two ends of the shaft seat are rotatably connected to the thumb clamp through the short shafts inserted through the thumb clamp mounting hole, the quick-change mounting hole and the shaft hole.

[0008] The short shaft is hollow, and a shaft set screw is sleeved and connected inside the short shaft; the shaft set screw has an external thread, one end of the short shaft is provided with a threaded hole for the set screw that engages with the external thread, and the other end is provided with a rotary connection structure, which is used to connect to an external device to rotate the short shaft;

[0009] The shaft seat is provided with a perforated partition plate between the two shaft holes, and the partition plate hole of the perforated partition plate can allow the shaft to pass through with a set screw;

[0010] The shaft seat is provided with a setscrew hole perpendicular to the shaft hole, the setscrew hole guides from the outside of the shaft seat to the partition hole of the perforated partition plate, and a setscrew for the shaft seat is passed through the setscrew hole, and the setscrew for the shaft seat is used to tighten the shaft setscrew extending into the partition hole of the perforated partition plate from the setscrew hole, so that the shaft is fixed with the setscrew and cannot rotate; when the shaft seat setscrew tightens the shaft setscrew, the short shaft can extend outward or retract inward along the shaft hole by rotation; when the short shaft is fully retracted, the outer end surface of the short shaft can pass through the mounting hole of the quick changer, and when the short shaft is fully extended, the outer end surface of the short shaft can pass through the mounting hole of the thumb clamp.

[0011] The effect of the above settings: This working device differs from conventional working devices in that the newly designed working device replaces the single short shaft at the front end of the bucket arm with two short shafts. The short shaft installation method has been changed from the original hammer-type to installation and removal by rotating the set screw or the short shaft itself, significantly reducing the intensity of the short shaft installation and removal work. Furthermore, this gentler installation and removal method avoids damage to the short shaft and the working device. The two short shafts, with internal set screws, can be flexibly and quickly installed and removed on the construction site by rotating the set screws and the shaft. The length of the exposed end of the two short shafts can be adjusted, and the thumb clamp can be removed directly without removing the shaft, meaning the thumb clamp can be removed and installed separately. Furthermore, the short shafts are more flexible and require less precision to install, effectively improving installation speed and efficiency.

[0012] The shaft seat set screw prevents the screw from rotating synchronously with the shaft when the shaft is rotated, thereby lengthening or shortening the shaft. At the same time, the shaft seat set screw needs to be loosened during normal operation of the device, so that the shaft and screw can rotate synchronously with the quick changer when the quick changer rotates, without the shaft lengthening or shortening, and the device can operate normally.

[0013] Furthermore, a bearing is provided in the shaft hole of the shaft seat, and the short shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft hole through the bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, two bearings are provided in each shaft hole.

[0015] The effect of the above arrangement is that there are two bearings on each side. This is because the bearings cannot be too long, otherwise interference fit would make assembly and disassembly very difficult. The bearings also reduce friction when greased.

[0016] Furthermore, the quick change is connected to the outside of the shaft seat, and a thumb clamp is installed on the outside of the quick change;

[0017] The quick change is provided with a stop bolt; the short shaft is provided with two stop bolt holes perpendicular to the direction of the short shaft, which are respectively used for the stop bolt to pass through when it is fully retracted and the stop bolt to pass through when it is fully extended.

[0018] The effect of the above setting: the stop bolt prevents the shaft from moving left and right, plays a positioning role, and ensures the normal operation of the mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer end of the short shaft is equipped with a baffle and a screw plug;

[0020] A threaded hole for a screw plug matching the screw plug is provided on the inner wall of the short shaft;

[0021] The bearing baffle is provided with a screw plug hole, and the screw plug can fix the baffle by being screwed into the short shaft.

[0022] Furthermore, the axle seat is a cast one-piece axle seat.

[0023] The effect of the above settings: the axle seat at the front end of the working device arm is a cast one-piece axle seat to increase the structural rigidity.

[0024] Furthermore, the short shaft is designed with a stepped hole; the stepped holes are arranged in order from the outer end of the short shaft inward: a hexagonal countersunk hole, a threaded hole for a screw plug, a light hole and a threaded hole for a set screw;

[0025] The rotary connection structure is a hexagonal countersunk hole, which is used to connect with a hexagonal wrench.

[0026] Effects of the above arrangement: the stepped hole helps to provide space for the wrench of the set screw for the rotating shaft and when the set screw is used for the rotating shaft, the outermost thread is not easily bumped.

[0027] Furthermore, the shaft set screw is cylindrical, and its cylindrical surface is fully threaded. One end of the shaft set screw is provided with a square step, and the other end is provided with a rotating connection structure for connecting an external device to rotate the shaft set screw.

[0028] The effect of the above arrangement is that the square step of the shaft set screw is used to facilitate the tightening of the shaft seat with the set screw, and the rotary connection structure is used to connect an external device to rotate the shaft set screw.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for disassembling and assembling the working device as described in the first aspect, including an installation method:

[0030] Assemble the short shaft and the shaft with set screws, and the shaft seat and the shaft seat with set screws respectively. The set screws must not be exposed.

[0031] Adjust the corresponding shaft holes of the bucket arm and the quick-change shaft, align them, and insert the short shafts from both ends respectively, so that the outer end faces of the short shafts on the left and right sides are almost flush with the end face of the quick-change shaft;

[0032] Install the set screws for the left and right shafts to the partition holes of the perforated partition on the shaft seat;

[0033] Tighten the shaft seat setscrew.

[0034] Adjust the thumb clamp and the corresponding shaft hole of the quick changer. After alignment, use the tail device to rotate the rotary connection structure to slowly insert the shaft into the thumb clamp mounting hole until the end surface is flush.

[0035] Loosen the shaft seat with the set screw and loosen the shaft with the set screw.

[0036] Furthermore, the method further includes disassembling the thumb clip during use:

[0037] Install the short shafts on the left and right sides with set screws to the partition holes of the perforated partition on the shaft seat.

[0038] Tighten the set screws for the shaft seat;

[0039] Use an external device to rotate the short shaft's selection connection device counterclockwise to slowly sink the short shaft into the quick-change mounting hole until it is flush with the quick-change end face.

[0040] Remove the thumb clamp and its cylinder.

[0041] Loosen the shaft seat set screw, loosen the shaft set screw, and install the stop bolt.

[0042] Put on the bearing baffle and screw on the screw plug.

[0043] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an excavator comprising the working device as described in the first aspect.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. This invention replaces the previous design where the quick-change, dipper arm, and thumb clamp were connected via a single long shaft with two short shafts. Furthermore, the connecting shaft assembly and disassembly has been changed from the original hammer-type to a threaded drive type, making assembly and disassembly more convenient and gentle, avoiding damage to related parts during the process. It also significantly reduces the labor intensity of the installer.

[0046] 2. The present invention allows the excavator to quickly remove the thumb clamp when it is not needed, reducing the weight of the working device and achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption. In addition, the thumb clamp can be quickly replaced at ordinary times, saving work time and delays, and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a conventional thumb clamp working device;

[0048] Figure 2 Assembly diagram of the working device for the new structure (with thumb clamp);

[0049] Figure 3 Assembly drawing of the working device for the new structure (without thumb clamp);

[0050] Figure 4 It is the axis structure diagram;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of an integrated shaft seat;

[0052] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the set screw for the shaft;

[0053] In the figure: 1. Thumb clamp (1); 2. Shaft (1); 3. Quick change (1); 4. Stick (1); 5. Stop bolt (1);

[0054] 6. Quick-change; 7. Stick; 8. Bearing; 9. Set screw for shaft; 10. Stub shaft; 11. Thumb clamp; 12. Baffle; 13. Plug; 14. Stop bolt; 15. Set screw for shaft seat; 16. Shaft hole;

[0055] 21. Perforated partition; 211. Partition hole; 22. Set screw hole;

[0056] 101. Hexagonal countersunk hole; 102. Threaded hole for screw plug; 103. Plain hole; 104. Threaded hole for set screw; 105. Stop bolt hole.

[0057] 91. Square steps; 92. Hexagonal countersunk holes. Implementation Method

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that when terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", and "outside" appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on this embodiment. Example

[0060] This embodiment provides a working device for quickly disassembling and assembling a thumb clamp, comprising an axle seat provided at the front end of a stick 7;

[0061] like Figure 1-5 As shown, both ends of the shaft seat are respectively provided with shaft holes 16 for connecting with the thumb clamp 11. The two shaft holes 16 are coaxial, and a short shaft 10 is inserted therein. The two ends of the shaft seat are rotatably connected to the thumb clamp 11 through the short shaft 10 inserted through the mounting hole of the thumb clamp 11, the mounting hole of the quick change 6 and the shaft hole 16;

[0062] The short shaft 10 is hollow, and a shaft set screw 9 is sleeved inside the short shaft 10; the shaft set screw 9 is provided with an external thread, and one end of the short shaft 10 is provided with a threaded hole 104 for the set screw that engages with the external thread, and the other end is provided with a rotating connection structure, which is used to connect to an external device to rotate the short shaft 10; in this embodiment, the rotating connection structure uses a hexagonal countersunk hole 101, and the external device uses a hexagonal wrench that is compatible with the hexagonal wrench.

[0063] The shaft seat is provided with a perforated partition plate 21 between the two shaft holes 16. The perforated partition plate 21 is provided with a partition plate hole 211 at the center axis of the shaft hole 16. The partition plate hole 211 of the perforated partition plate 21 is connected to the two shaft holes 16, so that the shaft can be penetrated by the set screw 9.

[0064] The shaft seat is provided with a set screw hole 22 in a direction perpendicular to the shaft hole 16. The set screw hole 22 is guided from the bottom of the shaft seat to the partition hole 211 of the partition plate 21 with a hole (the two holes are perpendicular, and the shaft seat set screw 15 is screwed into the set screw hole 22 to tighten the two shafts in the partition hole 211 with set screws 9). The set screw hole 22 is penetrated by a shaft seat set screw 15. The shaft seat set screw 15 is used to tighten the shaft set screw that extends into the partition hole 211 of the partition plate 21 with a hole from the set screw hole 22. Screw 9, so that the shaft is fixed with the set screw 9 and cannot rotate; when the shaft seat is tightened with the set screw 15 to tighten the shaft set screw 9, the shaft is fixed with the set screw 9 and cannot rotate. As the fixed internal threaded rotating shaft of the short shaft, the short shaft 10 can be extended outward or retracted inward along the shaft set screw 9 by engaging with the shaft set screw 9 and rotating; when the short shaft 10 is fully retracted, the outer end surface of the short shaft 10 can pass through the mounting hole of the quick change 6, and when the short shaft 10 is fully extended, the outer end surface of the short shaft 10 can pass through the mounting hole of the thumb clamp 11.

[0065] This work device differs from conventional work devices in that it replaces the single short shaft 10 at the front end of the boom 7 with two short shafts 10. Furthermore, the short shaft 10 installation method, previously performed by hammering, is now replaced by rotating the shaft seat with a set screw 15 or by rotating the short shaft 10 itself. This significantly reduces the effort required to install and remove the short shaft 10. Furthermore, this gentle installation and removal method avoids damage to the short shaft 10 and the work device. The two short shafts 10, with internal set screws, can be flexibly and quickly installed and removed on the construction site by rotating the set screws and rotating the short shaft 10. The length of the exposed ends of the two short shafts 10 can be adjusted, and the thumb clamp 11 can be removed directly without removing the short shaft 10 itself. Furthermore, the short shaft 10 is more flexible and requires less precision to install, significantly improving installation speed and efficiency.

[0066] Preferably, the outer periphery of the shaft seat set screw 15 is provided with threads, and the set screw hole 22 is provided with a matching internal thread. The shaft seat set screw 15 can be screwed in or out of the set screw hole 22 by rotation. One end of the shaft seat set screw 15 is provided with an end portion for tightening the shaft set screw, and the other end is provided with a rotary connection structure for connecting to an external device to rotate the shaft set screw 9. In this embodiment, the rotary connection structure is a hexagonal countersunk hole 101, and the external device is a hexagonal wrench.

[0067] The length of the shaft seat set screw 15 is preferably no longer than the length of the set screw hole 22, and the length of the shaft set screw 9 is preferably no longer than the length of the short shaft 10, so that the shaft seat set screw 15 and the shaft set screw 9 will not leak out in normal times to prevent accidental damage and injury.

[0068] The shaft seat set screw 15 can prevent the shaft set screw 9 from rotating synchronously with the short shaft 10 when the short shaft 10 is rotated, so as to achieve the purpose of extending or shortening the short shaft 10. At the same time, the shaft seat set screw 15 needs to be loosened when the device is working normally, so that when the quick change 6 rotates, the short shaft 10 and the shaft set screw 9 can rotate synchronously with the quick change 6, and the short shaft 10 will not extend or shorten, and the device can operate normally.

[0069] Preferably, a bearing 8 is provided in the shaft hole 16 of the shaft seat, and the short shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the shaft hole 16 through the bearing 8.

[0070] Preferably, two bearings 8 are provided in each shaft hole 16 .

[0071] There are two bearings 8 on each side. The reason is that the bearings 8 cannot be too long, otherwise the interference fit and removal will be very difficult. The bearings play the role of reducing friction when greased.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the front end axle seat of the working device arm 7 is a cast integral axle seat to increase structural rigidity. A perforated partition plate 21 is designed in the middle of the axle hole 16 of the cast integral axle seat.

[0073] Specifically, the short shaft 10 is designed with two stop bolt holes 105 .

[0074] Specifically, the short shaft 10 is designed with stepped holes, which are a hexagonal countersunk hole 101 (for a hexagonal wrench), a threaded hole 102 for a screw plug, a smooth hole, and a threaded hole 104 for a set screw starting from the outer end of the short shaft 10 .

[0075] The inner end of the short shaft 10 is equipped with a shaft set screw 9, and the tail end is designed with a square step 91. The square step 91 is used to contact the end of the shaft seat set screw 15 to tighten the shaft set screw 9.

[0076] Preferably, the quick change 6 is connected to the outside of the shaft seat, and a thumb clamp 11 is installed on the outside of the quick change 6;

[0077] The quick change 6 is provided with a stop bolt 14; the short shaft 10 is provided with two stop bolt holes 105 perpendicular to the direction of the short shaft 10, which are used for the stop bolt 14 to pass through when the short shaft 10 is fully retracted and the stop bolt 14 to pass through when the short shaft 10 is fully extended.

[0078] The stop bolt 14 prevents the short shaft 10 from moving left and right, prevents the short shaft 10 from sliding, and plays a positioning role. At this time, the shaft seat is loosened with a set screw, and the short shaft can rotate freely relative to the shaft seat to ensure the normal operation of the mechanism.

[0079] Figure 2-3The middle is a cross-sectional view. It should be noted that the stop bolt 14 is arranged outside the connecting hole of the quick change 6 (the cross section of the quick change 6 in the figure represents the upper and lower cross sections of the connecting hole). The quick change 6 is provided with a bolt hole. When the short shaft is extended or retracted, the bolt hole can be aligned with the stop bolt hole 105 on the short shaft, so that the stop bolt 14 passes through the bolt hole and the stop bolt hole 105 to lock the movement of the short shaft 10.

[0080] Preferably, a baffle 12 and a screw plug 13 are installed at the outer end of the short shaft 10.

[0081] The inner wall of the short shaft 10 is provided with a threaded hole for the screw plug 13 matching the screw plug 13;

[0082] The baffle 12 is provided with a screw plug 13 hole, and the screw plug 13 can fix the baffle 12 by being screwed into the short shaft 10. The baffle 12 is used to prevent the bearing 8 from sliding out along the short shaft 10.

[0083] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the short shaft 10 is designed with stepped holes; the stepped holes are arranged from the outer end of the short shaft 10 inwards: a hexagonal countersunk hole 101, a threaded hole 102 for a screw plug, a light hole 103 and a threaded hole 104 for a set screw;

[0084] The rotary connection structure is a hexagonal countersunk hole 101 for connecting with a hexagonal wrench.

[0085] The stepped hole helps to provide a wrench space for the set screw 9 for the rotating shaft and the outermost thread is not easily knocked when the set screw 9 is used for the rotating shaft.

[0086] Preferably, Figure 6 As shown, the shaft set screw 9 is cylindrical, with a fully threaded cylindrical surface (the threads are not shown). One end of the shaft set screw 9 is provided with a square step 91, and the other end is provided with a rotary connection structure for connecting to an external device to rotate the shaft set screw 9. In this embodiment, the rotary connection structure is a hexagonal countersunk hole 92, and the external device is a hexagonal wrench.

[0087] The square step 91 of the shaft set screw 9 is used to facilitate the tightening of the shaft seat set screw 15 , and the rotary connection structure is used to connect an external device to rotate the shaft set screw 9 .

[0088] In this embodiment, the rotational connection structures of the short shaft, the shaft set screw, and the shaft seat set screw are all hexagonal countersunk holes 101 for connection with a hexagonal wrench.

[0089] Compared to existing thumb clamp 11 working devices, this working device replaces the single long short shaft 10 at the front end of the arm 7 with two short short shafts 10. These two short short shafts 10, with internal set screws, allow for flexible and quick assembly and disassembly on site simply by rotating the set screws and the short short shafts 10. The length of the exposed end can be adjusted, and the thumb clamp 11 can be removed directly without removing the short short shafts 10, meaning the thumb clamp 11 can be assembled and disassembled independently.

[0090] The front end of the bucket arm 7 of the working device of the present application is two short shafts 10, two bearings 8 are added to the front end of the bucket arm 7, and stop bolts 14 are respectively provided on both sides of the quick change 6.

[0091] The steps for first installation of the working device are as follows:

[0092] ① Assemble the short shaft 10 and the shaft set screw 9, and the shaft seat and the shaft seat set screw 15 separately. The set screws must not be exposed. Screw the shaft set screw 9 into the short shaft 10, and screw the shaft seat set screw 15 into the set screw hole 22 of the shaft seat. At this time, only screw them in roughly and do not tighten them.

[0093] ② Align the boom 7 and quick-change 6 to their corresponding shaft holes 16. Once aligned, insert the stub shafts 10 from both ends until the outer ends of the stub shafts 10 are nearly flush with the ends of the quick-change 6 (on both sides). Insert each stub shaft into the shaft hole 16 of the shaft seat, with the ends with the set screws 9 (i.e., the ends with the set screw threaded holes 104) facing inward. Align the set screws with the partition holes 211 of the perforated partition 21.

[0094] ③ Use a long hexagonal wrench to rotate the shaft with the set screws 9 to the partition holes 211 (on the left and right sides) of the perforated partition 21 of the shaft seat.

[0095] ④ Tighten the shaft seat set screw 15 to compact the shaft set screw 9.

[0096] ⑤ Adjust the thumb clamp 11 and the corresponding shaft hole 16 of the quick change 6. After alignment, use a hexagonal wrench to rotate the hexagonal countersunk hole 101 at the end of the short shaft 10 counterclockwise to slowly insert the short shaft 10 into the shaft hole 16 of the thumb clamp 11 until the end faces are flush.

[0097] ⑥ Loosen the shaft seat set screw 15, release the shaft set screw 9, and install the stop bolt 14.

[0098] ⑦Put on the baffle 12 and screw on the screw plug 13.

[0099] The steps for removing the thumb clip 11 during use are as follows:

[0100] ① Remove the end screw plug 13, baffle 12 and stop bolt 14 of the short shaft 10. A stop bolt 14 is provided on the quick changer, and a stop bolt hole 105 is provided on the short shaft. The stop bolt 14 passes through the stop bolt hole 105 for stopping.

[0101] ② Use a long hexagonal wrench to rotate the shaft set screw 9 to the partition hole 211 (on the left and right sides) of the perforated partition 21 of the shaft seat.

[0102] ③ Tighten the shaft seat with set screw 15 and tighten the shaft with set screw 9.

[0103] ④ Use a hexagonal wrench to rotate the hexagonal countersink 101 at the end of the short shaft 10 counterclockwise to slowly sink the short shaft 10 into the quick change 6 shaft hole 16 until it is flush with the end surface of the quick change 6.

[0104] ⑤ Remove the thumb clamp 11 and its oil cylinder.

[0105] ⑥ Loosen the shaft seat set screw 15, release the shaft set screw 9, and install the stop bolt 14. The quick-change 6 is provided with a bolt hole. When the stub shaft 10 is extended or retracted, the bolt hole can be aligned with the stop bolt hole 105 on the stub shaft. The stop bolt passes through the bolt hole and the stop bolt hole 105, locking the movement of the stub shaft 10.

[0106] ⑦ Place the bearing baffle 12 and screw on the screw plug 13.

[0107] Implementation principle: Figure 1 As shown, the conventional excavator thumb clamp working device connects the boom 4, quick-release clamp 3, and thumb clamp 1 via a long shaft 2 and is secured with a stop bolt 5. The design failed to account for the thumb clamp's inoperative state, resulting in significant energy waste due to the heavy weight of the thumb clamp and its cylinder. Because the thumb clamp, quick-release clamp, and boom are connected via a single shaft, disassembly and installation of the thumb clamp requires full alignment of the thumb clamp, quick-release clamp, and boom shaft hole 16. Due to the heavy weight of the thumb clamp and quick-release clamp and the uneven construction site surface, multiple lifting tools are required to disassemble and install the thumb clamp, often making it difficult to do so on site. The new design, however, requires only aligning the boom clamp with the quick-release clamp hole (in this case, alignment is accomplished solely by the excavator's hydraulic cylinder; no lifting equipment is required). The quick-release clamp is then installed, and the excavator's hydraulic cylinder is then actuated to align the thumb clamp with the quick-release clamp hole. This significantly simplifies installation and allows for on-site installation and disassembly of the thumb clamp. Furthermore, the thumb clamp can be removed even when not in use, reducing excavator fuel consumption and saving energy. The relevant operating steps are shown above. Example

[0108] This embodiment provides an excavator, comprising the working device as described in the first embodiment.

[0109] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0110] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0111] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0112] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Throughout this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0113] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working device for quickly disassembling and assembling a thumb clamp, characterized in that: It includes an axle seat arranged at the front end of the stick; Both ends of the shaft seat are respectively provided with shaft holes for connecting with the thumb clamp. The two shaft holes are coaxial with the central axis, and a short shaft is inserted into the two shaft holes. The two ends of the shaft seat are rotatably connected to the thumb clamp through the short shafts inserted through the thumb clamp mounting hole, the quick-change mounting hole and the shaft hole. The short shaft is hollow, and a shaft set screw is sleeved and connected inside the short shaft; the shaft set screw has an external thread, one end of the short shaft is provided with a threaded hole for the set screw that engages with the external thread, and the other end is provided with a rotary connection structure, which is used to connect to an external device to rotate the short shaft; The shaft seat is provided with a perforated partition plate between the two shaft holes, and the partition plate hole of the perforated partition plate can allow the shaft to pass through with a set screw; The shaft seat is provided with a setscrew hole perpendicular to the shaft hole, the setscrew hole guides from the outside of the shaft seat to the partition hole of the perforated partition plate, and a setscrew for the shaft seat is passed through the setscrew hole, and the setscrew for the shaft seat is used to tighten the shaft setscrew extending into the partition hole of the perforated partition plate from the setscrew hole, so that the shaft is fixed with the setscrew and cannot rotate; when the shaft seat setscrew tightens the shaft setscrew, the short shaft can extend outward or retract inward along the shaft hole by rotation; when the short shaft is fully retracted, the outer end surface of the short shaft can pass through the mounting hole of the quick changer, and when the short shaft is fully extended, the outer end surface of the short shaft can pass through the mounting hole of the thumb clamp.

2. The working device of the quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing is provided in the shaft hole of the shaft seat, and the short shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft hole through the bearing; two bearings are provided in each shaft hole.

3. The working device of the quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quick change is connected to the outside of the shaft seat, and a thumb clamp is installed on the outside of the quick change; The quick change is provided with a stop bolt; the short shaft is provided with two stop bolt holes perpendicular to the direction of the short shaft, which are respectively used for the stop bolt to pass through when it is fully retracted and the stop bolt to pass through when it is fully extended.

4. The working device for quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer end of the short shaft is equipped with a baffle and a screw plug; A threaded hole for a screw plug matching the screw plug is provided on the inner wall of the short shaft; The bearing baffle is provided with a screw plug hole, and the screw plug can fix the baffle by being screwed into the short shaft.

5. The working device for quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft seat is a cast integral shaft seat.

6. The working device for the quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short shaft is designed with stepped holes; the stepped holes are arranged in order from the outer end of the short shaft to the inside: a hexagonal countersunk hole, a threaded hole for a screw plug, a light hole and a threaded hole for a set screw; The rotary connection structure is a hexagonal countersunk hole, which is used to connect with a hexagonal wrench.

7. The working device for quick-detachable thumb clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft set screw is cylindrical, and its cylindrical surface is fully threaded. One end of the shaft set screw is provided with a square step, and the other end is provided with a rotating connection structure for connecting an external device to rotate the shaft set screw.

8. A method for disassembling and assembling a working device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including installation instructions: Assemble the short shaft and the shaft with set screws, and the shaft seat and the shaft seat with set screws respectively. The set screws must not be exposed. Adjust the corresponding shaft holes of the bucket arm and the quick-change shaft, align them, and insert the short shafts from both ends respectively, so that the outer end faces of the short shafts on the left and right sides are almost flush with the end face of the quick-change shaft; Install the set screws for the left and right shafts to the partition holes of the perforated partition on the shaft seat; Tighten the set screws for the shaft seat; Adjust the thumb clamp and the corresponding shaft hole of the quick changer. After alignment, use the tail device to rotate the rotary connection structure to slowly insert the shaft into the thumb clamp mounting hole until the end faces are flush. Loosen the shaft seat with the set screw and loosen the shaft with the set screw.

9. The method for disassembling and assembling a working device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further includes removing the thumb clip during use: Install the short shafts on the left and right sides with set screws to the partition holes of the perforated partition on the shaft seat; Tighten the set screws for the shaft seat; Use an external device to rotate the short shaft's selection connection device counterclockwise to slowly sink the short shaft into the quick-change mounting hole until it is flush with the quick-change end surface; Remove the thumb clamp and its cylinder; Loosen the shaft seat set screw, loosen the shaft set screw, and install the stop bolt; Put on the bearing baffle and screw on the screw plug.

10. An excavator, characterized in that: The method comprises a working device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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