Laser vibration reduction and protection device and method for laser drilling rig

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of rock drilling technology and provides a laser vibration reduction and protection device and method for a laser drill. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drill comprises: a self-lubricating bearing, a vibration-damping airbag, and a laser head protection device. The outer side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the outer rod of the drill pipe, and the inner side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the inner tube. The self-lubricating bearing allows the inner tube to remain stationary while the outer rod of the drill pipe rotates, thereby achieving dynamic and static separation between the outer and inner tubes. The vibration-damping airbag is arranged along the inner wall of the inner tube and wraps around the center tube. The laser head protection device is connected to the front end of the center tube and generates magnetism by passing current through an energized solenoid. Under the action of the magnetic force, the laser head can be extended and retracted in conjunction with a protective slider. An opening and closing baffle is provided to protect and seal the laser head, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the laser system of the laser drill in actual engineering applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rock drilling and breaking, and in particular relates to a laser vibration reduction and protection device and method for a laser drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] During tunnel construction, complex strata are often encountered, and drilling detection is essential. However, existing drilling rigs have slow drilling speeds and long construction cycles, which severely restrict on-site construction progress and limit their application in tunnel construction. In order to increase the drilling speed of drilling rigs, many new auxiliary rock-breaking methods have been proposed. Among them, high-energy lasers are considered to be a very promising auxiliary drilling method due to their advantages such as ease of installation, high efficiency and energy saving, and easy control. However, the application and promotion of high-energy laser-assisted drilling rigs in rock-breaking still faces many problems: the laser system has high requirements for the working environment, and there are strong vibrations during the drilling process of the drilling rig, and rock debris will be generated when the drill bit drills and breaks the rock, which can easily damage the laser lens; water deslagging is usually used during the drilling process, causing the front of the drill bit to be immersed in turbid deslagging liquid, which contaminates the laser lens group and causes damage to the laser system. The inventors found that the current technical solution cannot meet the requirements of stable mounting of the laser system during the drilling process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a laser vibration reduction and protection device and method for a laser drill, which can improve the reliability and stability of the laser system of the laser drill in actual engineering applications.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine.

[0007] A laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine, comprising: a self-lubricating bearing, a vibration reduction airbag and a laser head protection device;

[0008] The outer side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the outer rod of the drill pipe, and the inner side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the inner tube; the self-lubricating bearing allows the inner tube to remain stationary while the outer rod of the drill pipe rotates, thereby achieving dynamic and static separation between the outer rod and the inner tube of the drill pipe;

[0009] The vibration-damping airbag is arranged along the inner wall of the inner tube, and the vibration-damping airbag wraps the central tube;

[0010] The laser head protection device is connected to the front end of the central tube.

[0011] As an embodiment, the laser head protection device includes an energized solenoid, a laser head, a protective slider and an opening and closing baffle; the energized solenoid is placed at the front end of the central tube, and an energized coil and a central through hole are arranged inside the energized solenoid for emitting a laser beam to the rock in front; the outer wall of the protective slider is connected to the slide rail of the inner wall of the central tube and can slide back and forth along the slide rail; the laser head is placed inside the protective slider, and the rear end of the laser head is connected to the laser optical fiber.

[0012] The advantage of the above scheme is that by passing current through the energized solenoid to generate magnetism, the laser head can be extended and retracted under the action of the magnetic force in conjunction with the protective slider. At the same time, an opening and closing baffle is provided to protect and seal the laser head, blocking external slag wastewater and rock debris formed by the drill bit breaking the rock, ensuring that the laser head is not damaged by rock debris and contaminated by slag liquid during drilling, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the laser system of the laser drilling rig in actual engineering applications.

[0013] As an implementation method, when the drill bit is breaking rock, the energized solenoid is in a power-off state, the opening and closing baffle is closed, and the protective slider is in a closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle and the center tube.

[0014] The advantage of the above scheme is that the laser head can be extended and retracted by simply energizing and de-energizing the energized coil in the energized solenoid. The operation process is simple and convenient, and no other power device is required to drive the laser head to move and control the opening and closing of the opening and closing baffle.

[0015] As an implementation method, when laser irradiation is required, the energized solenoid is in a energized state. At this time, the side of the energized solenoid close to the opening and closing baffle forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider, attracting the protective slider to slide toward the energized solenoid, pushing the opening and closing baffle onto the energized solenoid, and forming a laser outlet in the middle position of the energized solenoid.

[0016] As an embodiment, the protective slider is a block with a magnetic front end.

[0017] The advantage of the above solution is that it can enable the magnetism generated by the protective slider and the energized solenoid to interact with each other, so that the protective slider and the energized solenoid attract or repel each other.

[0018] As an embodiment, an insulating sealing protective layer is provided on the outer side of the energized solenoid.

[0019] The advantage of the above solution is that it can be used to isolate the external slag discharge liquid and prevent the energized coil from being soaked in water and short-circuited.

[0020] As an embodiment, the locations where the protective slider is connected to the central tube are both made of non-magnetic material.

[0021] The advantage of the above solution is that it can avoid the influence of the magnetic force on the sliding of the protective slider along the inner wall slide rail of the central tube.

[0022] As an embodiment, the cross-section of the vibration-damping airbag is convex. After the high-pressure gas is introduced, the convex of the vibration-damping airbag is raised to reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill pipe to the central pipe.

[0023] As an embodiment, the self-lubricating bearing has a middle opening, which is connected to a slag discharge medium pipeline for transmitting the slag discharge medium.

[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a working method of the laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig based on the above-mentioned method.

[0025] A method for operating the laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig based on the above-mentioned method comprises:

[0026] When the drill bit is breaking rock and the outer rod of the drill pipe is rotating, the self-lubricating bearing is used to achieve dynamic and static separation between the outer rod and the inner tube of the drill pipe, and the vibration-damping airbag is used to wrap the central tube to reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill pipe to the central tube;

[0027] When the drill bit is breaking rock, the energized solenoid is in a de-energized state, at which time the opening and closing baffle is closed, and the protective slider is in a closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle and the center tube;

[0028] When laser irradiation is required, current is passed through the energized coil in the energized solenoid, so that the side close to the opening and closing baffle forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider, attracting the protective slider to slide toward the energized solenoid, pushing the opening and closing baffle onto the energized solenoid, and forming a laser output port in the middle;

[0029] After the laser irradiation is completed, the magnetism of the energized solenoid disappears, or the side close to the opening and closing baffle forms the same magnetism as the front end of the protective slider. Under the combined action of like-charge repulsion and the opening and closing baffle, the protective slider is pushed back to its initial position, away from the energized solenoid. At this time, the opening and closing baffle automatically closes, forming a closed space with the center tube again to protect the laser head.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The present invention sets a vibration-damping airbag inside the drill rod to avoid hard contact between the laser system and the drill rod. After the airbag is inflated, it wraps the central tube, which can greatly reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill rod to the laser system during drilling, playing a role of vibration reduction and buffering, ensuring the stability of the laser system under strong vibration, and protecting the laser lens group from damage.

[0032] (2) The present invention provides a laser head protection device, which generates magnetism by passing current through the energized solenoid. Under the action of the magnetic force, the laser head can be extended and retracted in cooperation with the protective slider. At the same time, an opening and closing baffle is provided to protect and seal the laser head, blocking the external slag wastewater and the rock slag formed by the drill bit breaking the rock, ensuring that the laser head is not damaged by the rock slag and contaminated by the slag liquid during the drilling process, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the laser system of the laser drilling rig in actual engineering applications.

[0033] (3) The laser head protection device provided in the present invention can extend and retract the laser head by simply energizing and de-energizing the energized coil in the energized solenoid. The operation process is simple and convenient, and no other power device is required to drive the laser head to move and control the opening and closing of the opening and closing baffle.

[0034] (4) The present invention solves the practical key problems of laser drilling engineering applications, and provides a practical solution for solving the vibration resistance and protection problems of the laser system during the drilling process of the laser drilling rig and improving the drilling speed of the drilling rig engineering.

[0035] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a front view of the structure of a laser head protection device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser head extending structure according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Among them, 1. drill bit, 2. outer drill rod, 3. inner tube, 4. center tube, 5. self-lubricating bearing, 6. vibration-damping airbag, 7. slag removal medium pipeline, 8. laser fiber, 9. laser head protection device; 91. energized solenoid, 92. laser head, 93. protective slider, 94. opening and closing baffle; 910. energized coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] according to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig, which includes: a self-lubricating bearing 5, a vibration reduction airbag 6 and a laser head protection device 9.

[0045] Among them, the outer side of the self-lubricating bearing 5 is connected to the drill rod outer rod 2, and the inner side of the self-lubricating bearing 5 is connected to the inner tube 3; the self-lubricating bearing 5 allows the drill rod outer rod 2 to rotate while the inner tube 3 can remain stationary, thereby realizing dynamic and static separation between the drill rod outer rod 2 and the inner tube 3; the vibration-damping airbag 6 is arranged along the inner wall of the inner tube 3, and the vibration-damping airbag 6 wraps the central tube; the laser head protection device 9 is connected to the front end of the central tube 4.

[0046] In practice, the vibration-damping airbag 6 has a boss-shaped cross-section. When high-pressure gas is introduced, the boss of the vibration-damping airbag 6 rises, thereby reducing the vibration intensity transmitted from the drill pipe outer rod 2 to the central tube 4. The self-lubricating bearing 5 has a central opening connected to a slag removal medium pipeline 7 for transmitting slag removal medium to flush rock debris crushed by the drill bit 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, a drill bit 1 is used for rock cutting and breaking, with a laser exit hole defined in its center. A drill rod outer rod 2 transmits rotational and propulsive power to the drill bit 1. Both the drill bit 1 and the drill rod outer rod 2 utilize existing structures. An inner tube 3 is positioned within the drill rod outer rod 2 and connected to the drill rod outer rod 2 via a self-lubricating bearing 5.

[0048] like Figure 2As shown, the laser head protection device 9 comprises an energized solenoid 91, a laser head 92, a protective slider 93, and an opening and closing baffle 94. The energized solenoid 91 is located at the front end of the central tube 4 and houses an energized coil 910. A central through-hole allows the laser beam to be emitted to the rock ahead. The protective slider 93 is a block with a magnetic front end. Its outer wall is connected to a sliding track on the inner wall of the central tube 4, allowing it to slide back and forth along the track. The laser head 92 is located within the protective slider 93, with its rear end connected to the laser fiber 8. The rear end of the central tube 4 is fixed to the drilling rig frame, with a sliding track arranged on the inner wall. The laser fiber 8 passes through the center tube 4 and connects to the laser head 92.

[0049] In this way, magnetism can be generated by passing current through the energized solenoid. Under the action of the magnetic force, the protective slider can be used to realize the extension and retraction of the laser head. At the same time, an opening and closing baffle is set to protect and seal the laser head, blocking external slag wastewater and rock debris formed by the drill bit breaking the rock, ensuring that the laser head is not damaged by rock debris and contaminated by slag liquid during the drilling process, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the laser system of the laser drilling rig in actual engineering applications.

[0050] Specifically, the protection slider 93 is a block with a magnetic front end, which enables the protection slider 93 to interact with the magnetism generated by the energized solenoid 91, so that the protection slider 93 and the energized solenoid 91 attract or repel each other.

[0051] In the specific implementation process, an insulating sealing protective layer is provided on the outside of the energized solenoid 91. This is used to isolate the external slag discharge liquid and prevent the energized coil from being short-circuited due to water immersion.

[0052] The position where the protection slider 93 is connected to the central tube 4 is made of non-magnetic material. This can avoid affecting the protection slider's sliding along the central tube inner wall slide rail under the action of magnetic force.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, when the drill bit 1 is breaking rock, the energized solenoid 91 is in a power-off state, the opening and closing baffle is closed, and the protective slider is in a closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle and the central tube.

[0054] When laser irradiation is required, current is passed through the energized coil 910 in the energized solenoid 91, so that the side close to the opening and closing baffle 94 forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider 93. Under the effect of the attraction between the different shapes, the protective slider 93 is attracted to slide toward the energized solenoid 91, and the opening and closing baffle 94 is pushed open to the energized solenoid 91, forming a laser output port in the middle position.

[0055] In this way, the laser head can be extended and retracted by simply energizing and de-energizing the energized coil in the energized solenoid. The operation process is simple and convenient, and no other power device is needed to drive the laser head to move and control the opening and closing of the opening and closing baffle.

[0056] It should be noted that the laser optical fiber 8 is a flexible structure, and a certain length of the laser optical fiber 8 is reserved in the central tube 4. When the laser head 92 slides back and forth with the protective slider 93, the laser optical fiber 8 is not affected.

[0057] The working method of the laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig described above includes:

[0058] When the drill bit is breaking rock and the outer rod of the drill pipe is rotating, the self-lubricating bearing is used to achieve dynamic and static separation between the outer rod and the inner tube of the drill pipe, and the vibration-damping airbag is used to wrap the central tube to reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill pipe to the central tube;

[0059] When the drill bit 1 is breaking rock, the energized solenoid 91 is in the de-energized state and does not generate magnetism. At this time, the opening and closing baffle 94 is closed, and the protective slider 93 is in the closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle 94 and the center tube 4. At this time, the external slag liquid and rock chips are blocked by the opening and closing baffle 94, protecting the laser head 92 from damage by rock chips and contamination by slag liquid.

[0060] When laser irradiation is required, current is passed through the energized coil 910 in the energized solenoid 91, so that the side close to the opening and closing baffle 94 forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider 93. Under the effect of the attraction between the different shapes, the protective slider 93 is attracted to slide toward the energized solenoid 91, and the opening and closing baffle 94 is pushed open to the energized solenoid 91, forming a laser emission port in the middle position. Figure 3 As shown;

[0061] At this point, the laser system is activated. The laser beam is emitted from the laser head 92 via the laser fiber 8, passing through the central through-hole of the energized solenoid 91 and the laser exit hole in the center of the drill bit 1, and irradiating the rock in front of the drill bit 1, thereby breaking the rock. After the laser irradiation is completed, the power to the energized coil 910 within the energized solenoid 91 is de-energized, or an opposite current is passed through. This de-magnetizes the energized solenoid 91, or creates a magnetic field on the side near the opening and closing baffle 94 that is identical to the magnetic field at the front end of the protective slider 93. The repulsion of like charges and the action of the opening and closing baffle push the protective slider 93 back to its initial position, away from the energized solenoid 91. The opening and closing baffle 94 then automatically closes, once again forming a closed space with the center tube 4 to protect the laser head 92. The above steps are repeated for the next construction step.

[0062] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling rig, characterized in that: include: Self-lubricating bearings, vibration-damping airbags and laser head protection devices; The outer side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the outer rod of the drill pipe, and the inner side of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the inner tube; the self-lubricating bearing allows the inner tube to remain stationary while the outer rod of the drill pipe rotates, thereby achieving dynamic and static separation between the outer rod and the inner tube of the drill pipe; The vibration-damping airbag is arranged along the inner wall of the inner tube, and the vibration-damping airbag wraps the central tube; The laser head protection device is connected to the front end of the central tube; The laser head protection device includes an energized solenoid, a laser head, a protective slider, and an opening and closing baffle. The energized solenoid is placed at the front end of the central tube. The energized coil is arranged inside the energized solenoid and the central through hole is used to emit the laser beam to the rock in front. The outer wall of the protective slider is connected to the slide rail on the inner wall of the central tube and can slide back and forth along the slide rail. The laser head is placed inside the protective slider, and the rear end of the laser head is connected to the laser optical fiber. When the drill bit is breaking rock, the energized solenoid is in a de-energized state, the opening and closing baffle is closed, and the protective slider is in a closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle and the center tube; When laser irradiation is required, the energized solenoid is in a energized state. At this time, the side of the energized solenoid close to the opening and closing baffle forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider, attracting the protective slider to slide toward the energized solenoid, pushing the opening and closing baffle onto the energized solenoid, and forming a laser output port in the middle position of the energized solenoid.

2. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective sliding block is a block with a magnetic front end.

3. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating sealing protection layer is provided on the outer side of the energized solenoid.

4. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection position between the protection slider and the central tube is made of non-magnetic material.

5. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the vibration-damping airbag is in the shape of a boss. After high-pressure gas is introduced, the boss of the vibration-damping airbag bulges to reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill pipe to the central pipe.

6. The laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle opening of the self-lubricating bearing is connected to the slag discharge medium pipeline and is used for transmitting the slag discharge medium.

7. A working method of the laser vibration reduction and protection device for a laser drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: When the drill bit is breaking rock and the outer rod of the drill pipe is rotating, the self-lubricating bearing is used to achieve dynamic and static separation between the outer rod and the inner tube of the drill pipe, and the vibration-damping airbag is used to wrap the central tube to reduce the vibration intensity transmitted from the outer rod of the drill pipe to the central tube; When the drill bit is breaking rock, the energized solenoid is in a de-energized state, at which time the opening and closing baffle is closed, and the protective slider is in a closed space surrounded by the opening and closing baffle and the center tube; When laser irradiation is required, current is passed through the energized coil in the energized solenoid, so that the side close to the opening and closing baffle forms a magnetic field that is different from the magnetic field of the front end of the protective slider, attracting the protective slider to slide toward the energized solenoid, pushing the opening and closing baffle onto the energized solenoid, and forming a laser output port in the middle; After the laser irradiation is completed, the magnetism of the energized solenoid disappears, or the side close to the opening and closing baffle forms the same magnetism as the front end of the protective slider. Under the combined action of like-charge repulsion and the opening and closing baffle, the protective slider is pushed back to its initial position, away from the energized solenoid. At this time, the opening and closing baffle automatically closes, forming a closed space with the center tube again to protect the laser head.

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