Magnetic levitation fixed-rotor structure, magnetic levitation motor, generator

Abstract

The application provides a magnetic suspension fixed-rotor structure, a magnetic suspension motor and a generator. The magnetic suspension fixed-rotor structure comprises at least one multi-section stator, each multi-section stator comprising two or more stator sections arranged axially at intervals, and at least one multi-section rotor, each multi-section rotor comprising two or more rotor sections, and the inner side or the outer side of each stator section is arranged in a nested mode with a rotor section radially spaced from the stator section, one of the rotor section and the stator section comprises a magnetic steel, and the other comprises a coil winding, and the stator section and the rotor section jointly define a magnetic suspension bearing capable of providing an axial force. Any adjacent stator sections or any adjacent rotor sections are spaced at a first interval in the axial direction, and the nested stator sections and the nested rotor sections are spaced at a second interval in the radial direction, and the value of the first interval is greater than or equal to the value of the second interval. The magnetic suspension fixed-rotor structure can achieve a larger magnetic suspension stiffness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of stator and rotor structures, and in particular to a magnetically levitated stator and rotor structure, a magnetically levitated motor, and a generator. Background Technology

[0002] Stator and rotor structures are common components of generators, motors, and other equipment. In most existing stator and rotor structures, the axial relative movement between the stator and rotor is restricted by bearings. For stator and rotor structures used vertically, these bearings also bear the weight of the stator or rotor, resulting in significant bearing wear.

[0003] In response, existing technologies propose a magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure consisting of a stator and a rotor forming a passive axial magnetic levitation bearing, which uses the magnetic levitation force between the stator and the rotor to axially limit the movement of the stator and rotor.

[0004] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered that for this type of magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure, which consists of a stator and rotor forming a passive axial magnetic levitation bearing, even if the diameter and length of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure reach more than 0.5 meters, in order to further meet the gravity support requirements when the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is used vertically, the axial offset between the stator and rotor must reach more than tens of millimeters. However, an excessive axial offset will greatly reduce the output power of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure, and also increase the volume, weight and cost of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure, which is not worth the effort. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One objective of this application is to propose a magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure that is simple in structure and has high magnetic levitation stiffness, and can be applied to scenarios where it is placed vertically.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] One aspect of this application proposes a magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure, comprising: at least one multi-segment stator, each multi-segment stator comprising two or more stator segments, the stator segments being axially spaced apart; and at least one multi-segment rotor, each multi-segment rotor comprising two or more rotor segments, a rotor segment radially spaced apart from the stator segments being nested inside or outside each stator segment, one of the rotor segments and the stator segments comprising a magnet, and the other comprising a coil winding, the nested stator segments and the rotor segments jointly defining a magnetic levitation bearing capable of providing axial force; wherein, any adjacent stator segments or any adjacent rotor segments are axially spaced by a first spacing, and the nested stator segments and the rotor segments are radially spaced by a second spacing, the value of the first spacing being greater than or equal to the value of the second spacing, and the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure is used vertically.

[0008] According to some technical solutions of this application, the stator segment and the rotor segment have the same axial length; the value of the first spacing is 1 to 2 times the value of the second spacing.

[0009] According to some technical solutions of this application, the value of the first spacing is less than a first preset multiple of the axial length of each stator segment or rotor segment, and the value of the first preset multiple ranges from 5 to 10.

[0010] According to some technical solutions of this application, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure further includes: a rotating shaft, all rotor segments are fixed on the rotating shaft, a pair of rotating bearings are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft, the rotor segments are provided between the two rotating bearings, the rotating bearings are placed vertically, the stator segments and the rotor segments have the same axial length, when the multi-segment stator and the multi-segment rotor are fixedly arranged by the rotating bearings, the rotor segments and the stator segments are offset by a third distance along the axial direction, the value of the third distance is greater than zero and less than a second preset multiple of the first distance, the value of the second preset multiple is less than 1.

[0011] According to some technical solutions of this application, the corresponding segments of the multi-segment rotor or the multi-segment stator containing the magnets are staggered with each other in the circumferential direction, and / or, the rotor segments or the stator segments containing the magnets are staggered with each other in the circumferential direction by a preset offset angle, the preset offset angle being the ratio of 360 degrees to a preset value, the preset value being the product of the number of motor pole pairs, the number of motor slots, and the number of rotor segments.

[0012] According to some technical solutions of this application, each stator segment is provided with a plurality of teeth spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and a winding slot for accommodating the coil winding is formed between any adjacent teeth, wherein the teeth of axially adjacent stator segments are staggered; or each rotor segment is provided with a plurality of teeth spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and a winding slot for accommodating the coil winding is formed between any adjacent teeth, wherein the teeth of axially adjacent rotor segments are staggered.

[0013] According to some technical solutions of this application, each rotor segment includes a plurality of magnets, and the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure further includes: at least one cylinder having an inner surface, a plurality of magnets of the same rotor segment being spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylinder, at least two rotor segments being mounted on the same cylinder, and the magnets of adjacent rotor segments being spaced apart along the axial direction by a first spacing; a stator segment is contained in the space enclosed by the plurality of magnets of the same rotor segment, the side surface of the stator segment corresponding to the position of the magnet, and the side surface of the stator segment being radially separated from the magnet by a second spacing.

[0014] According to some technical solutions of this application, the magnets of adjacent rotor segments are staggered; the axial length of each rotor segment is equal to the axial length of the stator segment nested with it; the two axial ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with protruding edges extending outward, and the protruding edges are used to connect with the connecting part of the fan blade.

[0015] According to some technical solutions of this application, in the plurality of rotor segments or the plurality of stator segments used to set the coil winding, each segment adopts a multi-segment structure, each segment includes multiple iron core laminations of the same thickness, each iron core lamination is provided with multiple teeth along the circumferential direction, the multiple iron core laminations are stacked, and the multiple teeth are arranged along the axial direction to stack and form the tooth portion.

[0016] Another aspect of this application proposes a magnetic levitation motor, comprising: a magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is placed vertically, the coil windings of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure are disposed on the multi-segment stator or the multi-segment rotor of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure, the coil windings are provided with an input interface, and when the coil windings are energized, they can drive the multi-segment rotor to rotate relative to the multi-segment stator.

[0017] Another aspect of this application proposes a generator, comprising: a magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure is placed vertically, and the coil windings of the magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure are disposed on the multi-segment stator or the multi-segment rotor of the magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure; and a fan blade, connected to one rotor segment of the multi-segment rotor, or connected to at least two rotor segments of the multi-segment rotor arranged sequentially along the axial direction; wherein the coil windings are provided with an output interface, and the coil windings are capable of generating an induced current in response to the relative rotation between the multi-segment rotor and the multi-segment stator.

[0018] According to some technical solutions of this application, each stator segment of the multi-segment stator is provided with a winding slot, and a portion of the coil winding is located in the winding slot of the stator segment. The number of slots per pole per phase q, the number of virtual slots Z, the number of poles 2P, and the number of phases m of the generator satisfy the following: q=z / (2P×m)≤1 / 2.

[0019] In this application, both the stator and rotor are segmented structures. The segmented stator comprises two or more stator segments spaced axially apart, and the segmented rotor comprises two or more rotor segments. The stator segments and rotor segments are nested one-to-one. A first gap separates axially adjacent stator segments or rotor segments, and a second gap radially separates nested stator segments and rotor segments, with the first gap being greater than the second gap. Thus, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure is essentially positively correlated with the number of stator or rotor segments, and the magnetic levitation stiffness increases with the number of segments. This allows the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure to achieve a large axial support force with a relatively small effective axial magnetic levitation working range, meeting the axial support force requirements when the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure is used vertically, solving the bearing wear problem, and avoiding excessive axial offset between the nested stator segments and rotor segments. This achieves an effective balance between the vertical use conditions of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure and its output power, volume, weight, and cost.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and other objectives, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a magnetic levitation motor in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a generator in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a generator in one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a multi-segment stator in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a multi-segment rotor in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a magnetically levitated stator and rotor structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the iron core.

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows the axial structure of the iron core and an adjacent iron core.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of a magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the coil winding in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0033] 100. Magnetic levitation motor; 10. Magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure; 11. Stator segment; 111. Magnet; 12. Rotor segment; 121. Iron core; 122. Coil winding; 13. Rotating shaft; 141. Rotating bearing; 142. Rotating bearing; 20. Housing; 21. Cylindrical section; 22. Flange edge; 31. First end cover; 32. Second end cover; 40. Connecting piece; 50. Base; 60. Bottom cover;

[0034] 200. Generator;

[0035] 10a. Magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure; 11a. Stator segment; 111a. Iron core; 112a. Coil winding; 13a. Mandrel; 141a. Rotary bearing; 142a. Rotary bearing; 15a. Cylinder; 151a. Lug; 31a. First end cover; 32a. Second end cover; 40a. Connector; 50a. Base; 60a. Bottom cover; 70. Fan blade; 12a. Rotor segment; 121a. Magnet;

[0036] 110b, multi-section stator; 111b1, magnet; 111b2, magnet; 21b, cylinder section;

[0037] 120c, multi-segment rotor; 121c1, magnet; 121c2, magnet; 13c, rotating shaft;

[0038] 111e, Magnet; 121e, Iron core; 1211e, Tooth section; 1211ex, Tooth section; 1212e, Ring section; 1213e, Winding slot; 122e, Coil winding; 21e, Cylindrical section;

[0039] 300. Magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit;

[0040] 11f, stator segment; 111f, iron core; 1111f, toothed section; 1112f, ring section; 112f, coil winding; 12f, rotor segment; 121f, magnet; 15f, cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Although this application can be readily embodied in various forms of implementation, only some specific embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. It is understood that this specification should be regarded as an exemplary illustration of the principles of this application and is not intended to limit the application to what is described herein.

[0042] Therefore, a feature described in this specification is used to illustrate one feature of one embodiment of this application, and does not imply that every embodiment of this application must have the described feature. Furthermore, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. While certain features may be combined to illustrate possible system designs, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly stated. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0043] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the directional indications (such as up, down, inside, outside, left, right, front, back, etc.) used to explain the structure and movement of the various elements of this application are relative rather than absolute. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided to make the description of this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are merely illustrative of this application and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Specific Implementation Example 1 (as shown) Figure 1 As shown):

[0047] This specific embodiment provides a magnetic levitation motor 100, which can be used to convert electrical energy into kinetic energy for output.

[0048] The magnetic levitation motor 100 can be used vertically, that is, the magnetic levitation motor 100 can be used with its axial direction Ay parallel to the direction of gravity. Correspondingly, in this usage state, the radial direction Ar of the magnetic levitation motor 100 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0049] The magnetic levitation motor 100 includes: a magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10, a housing 20, a first end cover 31, a second end cover 32, etc.

[0050] The housing 20 is nested outside the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10. The first end cover 31 is located at one axial end of the housing 20, and the second end cover 32 is located at the other axial end of the housing 20. By using the housing 20 and the first end cover 31 and the second end cover 32 at both ends of the housing 20, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10 inside the housing 20 can be enveloped for protection and loaded for support.

[0051] The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10 includes: at least one multi-segment stator, at least one multi-segment rotor, a rotating shaft 13, and a pair of rotating bearings 141 and 142.

[0052] The multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator are nested together. The axes of the multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator are approximately aligned, and their axes can be understood as axis Ay. Corresponding to the vertical placement of the magnetic levitation motor 100, the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10 can also be vertically placed, meaning the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10 can be placed with its axis Ay approximately parallel to the direction of gravity. Correspondingly, in this vertical placement state, the radial Ar (which is also the radial direction of the multi-segment rotor and / or the multi-segment stator) of the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0053] The axial direction of the rotating shaft 13 is approximately parallel to or coincides with the axial direction Ay. A pair of rotating bearings 141 and 142 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 13. Each rotating bearing 141 and 142 is placed vertically. The inner ring of each rotating bearing 141 and 142 is fixed to the rotating shaft 13, the outer ring of rotating bearing 141 is fixed to the first end cover 31, and the outer ring of rotating bearing 142 is fixed to the second end cover 32. The rotating bearings 141 and 142 serve as radial constraints between the first and second end covers 31 and the rotating shaft 13. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the outer rings of each rotating bearing 141 and 142 can also be fixed to the housing 20, so that the rotating bearings 141 and 142 serve as radial constraints between the housing 20 and the rotating shaft 13.

[0054] The multi-segment rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft 13 between two rotating bearings 141 and 142, and the multi-segment stator is fixed on one or more of the housing 20, the first end cover 31, and the second end cover 32. When the magnetic levitation motor 100 is energized, the multi-segment rotor rotates relative to the multi-segment rotor under the magnetic force converted from electrical energy, thereby driving the rotating shaft 13 to rotate relative to the housing 20, so that the rotating shaft 13 outputs kinetic energy through rotation.

[0055] More specifically, the rotating shaft 13 can be a hollow cylindrical shaft. This reduces the weight of the rotating shaft 13 while ensuring its rigidity, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the magnetic levitation motor 100. Of course, this design is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the rotating shaft 13 can be a solid shaft, or its shape can be set as a hollow or solid square, semi-circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc.

[0056] Each multi-segment rotor is divided into two or more rotor segments 12 spaced apart along the axial direction Ay. The specific number of rotor segments 12 is not limited; it can be any number of segments. Figure 1 The four shown are not included in this illustration. In other embodiments, the specific number of rotor segments 12 may be two, three, five, or even more than five.

[0057] Each rotor segment 12 is fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft 13 and fixed to the rotating shaft 13 respectively, and the adjacent rotor segments 12 maintain a first distance λ along the rotating shaft 13.

[0058] Furthermore, each rotor segment 12 includes an iron core 121 and a coil winding 122. The coil winding 122 is electrically connected to an external power source. When the coil winding 122 is powered on, a magnetic field is formed around it to drive the rotor segment 12 to rotate relative to the stator segment 11. The iron cores 121 of multiple rotor segments 12 are axially spaced on the rotating shaft 13, and each iron core 121 is fixedly positioned to the rotating shaft 13. Adjacent iron cores 121 are spaced apart by a first distance λ. The coil winding 122 of each rotor segment 12 is disposed on its iron core 121.

[0059] Alternatively, in other embodiments, each rotor segment 12 may include an iron core 121, with the axial spacing between adjacent rotor segments 12 serving as the first spacing λ. The multi-segment rotor may also include a non-segmented coil winding 122, which is disposed on a plurality of axially arranged iron cores 121. This can further reduce the number of winding ends and simplify the product structure.

[0060] Each multi-segment stator is divided into two or more stator segments 11 spaced apart along the axial direction Ay. The specific number of stator segments 11 is not limited; it can be any number of segments. Figure 1 The four shown in the diagram can be replaced by two, three, five, or even more than five stator segments 11 in other embodiments.

[0061] Each stator segment 11 is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the housing 20. Preferably, the number of stator segments 11 is the same as the number of rotor segments 12, with each stator segment 11 nested outside a rotor segment 12. Thus, since the housing 20 is fixed to the first end cover 31 and the second end cover 32, the rotary bearings 141 and 142, which are connected between the rotating shaft 13 and the first end cover 31 or the second end cover 32, provide radial constraints for the rotor segment 12 and the stator segment 11, thereby realizing the nested and fixed arrangement of the multi-segment stator and the multi-segment rotor through the rotary bearings 141 and 142.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, each stator segment 11 specifically includes multiple magnets 111, which are arranged circumferentially at intervals on the outer periphery of the rotor segment 12. Through magnetic induction between the magnets 111 and the coil windings 122 connected to the power supply, a torque is generated to drive the rotor segment 12 to rotate, thereby converting electrical energy into kinetic energy.

[0063] Based on the above explanation, it can be understood that the multi-segment stator in this design is essentially an axially segmented multi-segment structure. The "axial" in "axial segmentation" refers to the fact that when the rotating shaft 13 is placed vertically, each stator segment 11 in the multi-segment stator is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 13 (i.e., the direction of gravity when the rotating shaft 13 is placed vertically). Therefore, for each axially segmented stator segment 11, the magnets of that stator segment 11 can themselves constitute a magnetic field for generating electricity or rotating the motor. Thus, each stator segment 11 can actually be an assembly of multiple magnets 111 arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft 13. The axial segmentation mentioned in this invention considers that the multiple stator segments 11 are arranged axially along the rotating shaft 13 without affecting or interfering with the way a single independent stator segment 11 acts as a carrier for providing a magnetic field. In other words, a single independent stator segment 11 can use conventional methods to fix the magnets 111.

[0064] Optionally, to achieve stable assembly of the magnets 111, multiple magnets 111 of each stator segment 11 are respectively fixed on the housing 20. More specifically, the housing 20 includes a cylindrical section 21, and multiple magnets 111 of each stator segment 11 are fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 21 at circumferential intervals.

[0065] Optionally, the cylindrical section 21 is specifically a magnetically conductive thin-walled steel pipe. The magnet 111 is a rectangular block made of one or more of the following materials: neodymium iron boron, ferrite, bonded neodymium iron boron, and plastic neodymium iron boron. The length direction of the magnet 111 is approximately parallel to the axial direction Ay, and the width direction of each magnet 111 is approximately along the arrangement direction between the magnets 111. After the magnet 111 is magnetized, one side of it is bonded to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 21. The process is simple and the cost is low.

[0066] Preferably, to further facilitate the assembly between the cylindrical section 21 and the magnet 111, the housing 20 of this design adopts a multi-segment cylindrical section 21 structure. That is, the housing 20 includes two or more cylindrical sections 21 arranged axially. Each cylindrical section 21 has a flange edge 22 extending radially outward at both ends of its axial direction. Two rows of magnets 111 are axially spaced on the inner circumferential surface of each cylindrical section 21. Each row of magnets 111 specifically includes multiple magnets 111 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 21. Each row of magnets 111 serves as a certain sub-segment 11. This facilitates the bonding of two rows of magnets 111 from the two axial ends of the cylindrical section 21, making it easier to ensure the accuracy of the assembly. The flange edges 22 of adjacent cylindrical sections 21 are brought together and fixed by connectors 40 (e.g., bolts, screws, etc.). The cylindrical section 21 located at the axial end position is connected to the first end cover 31 or the second end cover 32 through the flange edge 22. This design has the advantages of simple structure and convenient assembly.

[0067] Preferably, any adjacent stator segments 11 are also spaced apart by a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay. That is, any two adjacent rows of magnets 111 are also spaced apart by a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay. This makes the axial arrangement of the stator segments 11 more consistent with the axial arrangement of the rotor segments 12, so that the axial spacing of each pair of adjacent rotor segments 12 is approximately uniform, the axial spacing of each pair of adjacent stator segments 11 is approximately uniform, the axial offset between each pair of nested rotor segments 12 and stator segments 11 is approximately uniform, and the axial support force of each magnetic levitation bearing is approximately uniform.

[0068] Furthermore, a second distance δ is radially spaced between each rotor segment 12 and the nested stator segment 11. More specifically, one of the core 121 and the coil winding 122 of the rotor segment 12 is located at the outer end of the rotor segment 12, thereby defining the outer edge of the rotor segment 12. The outermost one of the core 121 and the coil winding 122 of the rotor segment 12 is radially spaced from each magnet 111 of the stator segment 11 by the second distance δ. The second distance δ provides an air gap between the rotor segment 12 and the stator segment 11 and prevents interference during relative rotation between the rotor segment 12 and the stator segment 11.

[0069] For example, the second gap δ is the air gap between the outer diameter of the iron core 121 and the inner diameter of the rotor permanent magnet (i.e., magnet 111).

[0070] In this configuration, the first distance λ between any adjacent stator segments 11 is greater than or equal to the second distance δ between each rotor segment 12 and the stator segment 11. Thus, in the vertically placed magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10, the radial component between each stator segment 11 of the multi-segment stator and each rotor segment 12 of the multi-segment rotor is zero via the rotating bearings 141 and 142 at both ends of the rotating shaft 13. An axial component is formed by the magnetic attraction between the iron core 121 and the magnet 111. This axial component is used to overcome the weight of one of the multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator (e.g., the multi-segment rotor) and the weight of its load (e.g., the rotating shaft 13 and the driven object connected to the rotating shaft 13), thereby unloading gravity, supporting the rotation of the rotor segments 12, reducing the axial losses of the rotating bearings 141 and 142, reducing the mechanical friction of the magnetic levitation motor 100, and extending the lifespan of the magnetic levitation motor 100.

[0071] The effect of the axial component formed by magnetic attraction is called axial passive magnetic levitation. The force-energy index of axial passive magnetic levitation is represented by the magnetic levitation stiffness K (Nm / mm), which indicates the magnitude of the restoring force generated when the relative moving objects (such as stator and rotor) deviate 1mm axially. Generally, the magnetic levitation stiffness is not high, and increasing the axial length of the stator and rotor to improve the magnetic levitation stiffness is ineffective and impractical.

[0072] In this structure, the multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator are each divided into multiple segments, so that the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 as a whole forms two or more axially arranged magnetic levitation bearings, and the value of the first spacing λ is set to be slightly greater than or equal to the value of the second spacing δ. In this way, the actual effective length of the iron core 121 is minimally affected, while the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 is basically positively correlated with the number of stator segments 11 or rotor segments 12. In other words, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 is basically positively correlated with the number of magnetic levitation bearings formed by the stator segments 11 and rotor segments 12. That is, the more magnetic levitation bearings formed by the stator segments 11 and rotor segments 12, the greater the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10.

[0073] Because the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor in this structure are each divided into two or more segments, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 increases with the increase of the number of segments. The magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 can achieve a large axial support force with a small effective axial magnetic levitation working range, so as to meet the axial support force requirements of the magnetic levitation motor 100 when it is used vertically, better solve the wear problem of the rotating bearing 141, and at the same time avoid excessive axial offset between the nested stator segments 11 and rotor segments 12. This achieves an effective balance between the vertical use scenario conditions of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 and the output power, volume, weight and cost of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10.

[0074] Furthermore, the axial length L2 of stator segment 11 is equal to the axial length L1 of rotor segment 12. The two ends of stator segment 11 are aligned with the two ends of rotor segment 12. This generates maximum axial passive magnetic levitation stiffness. More specifically, the axial length of core 121 is equal to the axial length of magnet 111, and their axial ends are aligned.

[0075] Preferably, the first spacing λ is 1 to 2 times the value of the second spacing δ, and the first spacing λ is less than a first preset multiple of the axial length L1 of the rotor segment 12, the first preset multiple being 5 to 10. That is, λ < kL1, k is the first preset multiple, and k is 5 to 10. In this way, the axial magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10 is basically proportional to the number of rotor segments 12. The magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10 can be increased exponentially with the number of rotor segments 12, resulting in a more significant and efficient improvement in magnetic levitation stiffness. While ensuring the output power of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10, it can provide greater axial magnetic levitation support force, thus making it better suited for scenarios where the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10 is used vertically.

[0076] Furthermore, when the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor are fixedly arranged by nesting rotating bearings 141 and 142, the rotor segment 12 and the stator segment 11 are axially misaligned by a third distance β. That is, when the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor are fixedly arranged by nesting rotating bearings 141, the magnet 111 and the iron core 121 in the nested stator segment 11 and rotor segment 12 are axially misaligned by a third distance β. The value of the third distance β is greater than zero and less than a second preset multiple of the first distance λ, where the value of the second preset multiple is less than 1. This effectively controls the axial deviation between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12 to be less than the first distance λ. While achieving axial magnetic levitation force unloading of gravity between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12, it effectively ensures the facing area between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12, thus guaranteeing the output power of the magnetic levitation motor 100.

[0077] Optionally, the value of the third spacing β ranges from 0 to 0.95λ.

[0078] Preferably, the value of the third spacing β is 0.5λ.

[0079] More specifically, the principle behind this design's segmented stator and rotor design to improve magnetic levitation stiffness is as follows:

[0080] Since the magnetic levitation stiffness is positively correlated with the size of the electromagnetic air gap area and the rate of change of the electromagnetic air gap area after axial deviation, it can be simplified as magnetic levitation stiffness: K=ηαBπD1L1, where B is the air gap magnetic flux density; D1 is the outer diameter of stator segment 11; D2 is the inner diameter of rotor segment 12; the electromagnetic air gap of the motor, i.e. the second gap, is: δ=(D2-D1) / 2; L1 is the axial length of stator segment 11; L2 is the axial length of rotor segment 12, where L1=L2; α is the magnetic levitation stiffness constant (related to the shape, tooth structure, material, and other parameters of magnet 111); η is the rate of change of the electromagnetic air gap area after axial deviation.

[0081] For an external rotor motor, when the conditions (D2+2δ)=D1≈D2 and (L2-δ)≈L2 are met, the rate of change of the area of ​​the electromagnetic air gap after axial deviation is η=[πD1 L1-αBπ(D1+2δ)(L2-δ)] / (πD1L1)≈1, and η is less than 1.

[0082] For internal rotor motors (as shown in the attached...) Figure 1D1 is the inner diameter of stator segment 11; D2 is the outer diameter of rotor segment 12; when the conditions (D2+2δ)=D1≈D2, (L2-δ)≈L2 are met, the rate of change of the area of ​​the electromagnetic air gap after axial deviation is η=[πD1 L1-αBπ(D2+2δ)(L2-δ)] / (πD1L1)≈1, and η is less than 1.

[0083] Since the numerator and denominator of the expression for the rate of change of the area of ​​the electromagnetic air gap after axial deviation are both related to L1, when the segment gap λ (i.e., the first gap λ) of this structure is equal to or slightly greater than the electromagnetic air gap δ (i.e., the second gap δ), this structure satisfies that λ is much smaller than L1. At this time, the rate of change of the area of ​​the electromagnetic air gap after axial deviation η is approximately 1. Therefore, when the segment gap λ (i.e., the first gap λ) is equal to or slightly greater than the electromagnetic air gap δ (i.e., the second gap δ), the axial magnetic levitation stiffness is almost proportional to the number of segments n. The maximum magnetic levitation stiffness of the axial passive magnetic levitation of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10 after this segmentation design can be approximately 0.95nK, where n is the number of rotor segments 12, K is the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation bearing constructed by a single rotor segment 12 and the nested stator segment 11, and the unit of K is (Nm / mm). Correspondingly, the effective working range of axial magnetic levitation is reduced to 0.95λ. Specifically, the axial offset between each stator segment 11 and each rotor segment 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the rotating bearings 141 at both ends of the rotating shaft 13, thereby adjusting the load-bearing capacity of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10. The adjustment range of the axial offset between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12 is 0 to 0.95λ. Among them, when the axial offset between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12 is 0.5λ, the magnetic levitation can provide the maximum load-bearing capacity.

[0084] Through the segmented design of the stator and rotor in this embodiment, the first gap λ is slightly greater than or equal to the radial air gap (i.e., the second gap δ) between the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12. This has a very small impact on the actual effective length of the iron core 121 and the actual effective length of the coil winding 122, and has almost no impact on the output power or the impact can be ignored. It can meet the gravity unloading requirements of the magnetic levitation motor 100 in the vertical placement state, reduce the loss of the rotating bearings 141 and 142, and at the same time, it also ensures the output power, volume, weight, and cost of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10.

[0085] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, a bottom cover 60 is provided at the axial bottom end of the rotating shaft 13. The bottom cover 60 presses the inner rings of the rotating bearings 141 and 142 against the shoulder of the rotating shaft 13. A base 50 is also provided at the axial bottom end of the rotating shaft 13. The bottom end of the bottom cover 60 is fixed to the base 50 by a threaded part, so that the base 50 can support the magnetic levitation motor 100 at the bottom.

[0086] Of course, this design is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the stator segment 11 and the rotor segment 12 can be interchanged. Specifically, the iron core 121 and the coil winding 122 can be set on the housing 20 as the stator segment 11, and the magnet 111 can be set on the rotating shaft 13 as the rotor segment 12.

[0087] Specific Implementation Example 2 (as shown) Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown):

[0088] This specific embodiment provides a generator 200, which can be used to convert the kinetic energy input by rotational motion into electrical energy for output.

[0089] The generator 200 can be used vertically, that is, the generator 200 can be used with its axial direction Ay parallel to the direction of gravity. Correspondingly, in this usage state, the radial direction Ar of the generator 200 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0090] The generator 200 includes: a fan blade 70, a magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a, a cylinder 15a, a first end cover 31a, a second end cover 32a, etc.

[0091] The cylindrical body 15a is nested outside the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a. A first end cap 31a is located at one axial end of the cylindrical body 15a, and a second end cap 32a is located at the other axial end of the cylindrical body 15a. Using the cylindrical body 15a and the first end cap 31a and second end cap 32a at both ends, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a inside the cylindrical body 15a can be enveloped, protected, and supported. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fan blade 70 is fixed to at least one of the cylinder 15a, the first end cover 31a, and the second end cover 32a. The fan blade 70 can drive the cylinder 15a to rotate under the drive of an external force (such as wind). The cylinder 15a is connected to the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a. The kinetic energy of the rotation of the cylinder 15a is converted into electrical energy for output through the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a includes: at least one multi-segment stator, at least one multi-segment rotor, a spindle 13a, and a pair of rotating bearings 141a and 142a.

[0093] The multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator are nested together. The axes of the multi-segment rotor and multi-segment stator are approximately aligned, and their axes can be understood as axis Ay. Corresponding to the generator 200 being used vertically, the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a can also be used vertically, meaning the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a can be used with its axis Ay approximately parallel to the direction of gravity. Correspondingly, in this vertically positioned state, the radial Ar (which is also the radial direction of the multi-segment rotor and / or the multi-segment stator) of the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a is approximately perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

[0094] The axial direction of the mandrel 13a is approximately parallel to or coincides with the axial direction Ay. A pair of rotary bearings 141a and 142a are provided at both ends of the mandrel 13a along its axial direction. Each rotary bearing 141a and 142a is placed vertically. The inner ring of each rotary bearing 141a and 142a is fixed to the mandrel 13a, the outer ring of the rotary bearing 141a is fixed to the first end cover 31a, and the outer ring of the rotary bearing 142a is fixed to the second end cover 32a. The rotary bearings 141a and 142a serve as radial constraints between the first end cover 31a and the second end cover 32a and the mandrel 13a. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the outer rings of each rotary bearing 141a and 142a can also be fixed to the cylinder 15a, so that the rotary bearings 141a and 142a serve as radial constraints between the cylinder 15a and the mandrel 13a.

[0095] The multi-segment stator is fixed on the spindle 13a between two rotating bearings 141a and 142a, and the multi-segment rotor is fixed on one or more of the cylinder 15a, the first end cover 31a, and the second end cover 32a. When the fan blade 70 is driven by external forces such as wind, the fan blade 70 will drive the cylinder 15a and the multi-segment rotor on the cylinder 15a to rotate relative to the multi-segment stator and the spindle 13a. The relative rotation between the multi-segment rotor and the multi-segment stator generates an induced current to generate electricity.

[0096] More specifically, the mandrel 13a can be a hollow cylindrical shaft. Of course, this design is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the mandrel 13a can be a solid shaft, or the shape of the mandrel 13a can be set as a hollow or solid square, semi-circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc.

[0097] Each multi-segment stator is divided into two or more stator segments 11a spaced apart along the axial direction Ay. The specific number of stator segments 11a is not limited; it can be any number of segments. Figure 2 The four shown are not included in this illustration. In other embodiments, the specific number of stator segments 11a may be two, three, five, or even more than five.

[0098] Each stator segment 11a is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel 13a and fixed to the mandrel 13a respectively, and the adjacent stator segments 11a maintain a first distance λ along the mandrel 13a.

[0099] Furthermore, each stator segment 11a includes an iron core 111a and a coil winding 112a. The coil winding 112a is provided with at least one output interface for outputting the induced current generated by the relative rotation of the multi-segment rotor and the multi-segment stator. The iron cores 111a of the multiple stator segments 11a are arranged at intervals along the axial direction Ay on the mandrel 13a, and each iron core 111a is fixedly disposed with respect to the mandrel 13a, with a first distance λ between adjacent iron cores 111a. The coil winding 112a of each stator segment 11a is disposed on its iron core 111a.

[0100] Alternatively, in other embodiments, each stator segment 11a may include an iron core 111a, with the axial spacing between adjacent stator segments 11a serving as the first spacing λ. The multi-segment stator also includes a non-segmented coil winding 112a, which is disposed on the axially arranged multiple iron cores 111a. This further reduces the number of winding ends and simplifies the product structure. Furthermore, since the coil winding 112a covers the first spacing λ, the actual effective length of the coil winding 112a remains unchanged, thereby further optimizing the output power.

[0101] Each multi-segment rotor is divided into two or more rotor segments 12a spaced apart along the axial direction Ay. The specific number of rotor segments 12a is not limited; it can be any number of segments. Figure 2 The four shown in the diagram can be replaced by two, three, five, or even more than five rotor segments 12a in other embodiments.

[0102] Each rotor segment 12a is fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 15a. Preferably, the number of rotor segments 12a is the same as the number of stator segments 11a, with one rotor segment 12a nested on the outside of a stator segment 11a. Thus, since the cylinder 15a is fixed to the first end cover 31a and the second end cover 32a, the rotating bearings 141a and 142a, which are connected between the spindle 13a and the first end cover 31a or the second end cover 32a, provide radial constraints for the stator segment 11a and the rotor segment 12a, thereby realizing the nested and fixed arrangement of the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor through the rotating bearings 141a and 142a.

[0103] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, each rotor segment 12a specifically includes multiple magnets 121a, which are arranged circumferentially at intervals on the outer periphery of the stator segment 11a. Magnetic induction between the relatively rotating magnets 121a and the coil winding 112a can induce a current in the coil winding 112a to generate electricity.

[0104] To achieve stable assembly of the magnets 121a, multiple magnets 121a of each rotor segment 12a are fixed to the cylinder 15a. More specifically, the cylinder 15a includes an annular sidewall, and multiple magnets 121a of each rotor segment 12a are fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sidewall at circumferential intervals.

[0105] Optionally, the cylinder 15a is specifically a magnetically conductive thin-walled steel pipe, which can be a seamless steel pipe, rolled pipe, etc. The magnet 121a is a rectangular block made of one or more of the following materials: neodymium iron boron, ferrite, bonded neodymium iron boron, and plastic neodymium iron boron. The length direction of the magnet 121a is approximately parallel to the axial direction Ay, and the width direction of each magnet 121a is approximately along the arrangement direction between the magnets 121a. After magnetization, one side of the magnet 121a is bonded to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 15a. The process is simple and the cost is low.

[0106] Preferably, to further facilitate the assembly between the cylinder 15a and the magnet 121a, the generator 200 includes two or more cylinders 15a arranged axially, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each cylindrical body 15a has a convex flange 151a extending radially outward at both axial ends. At least two rows of magnets 121a are axially spaced on the inner circumferential surface of each cylindrical body 15a. Each row of magnets 121a specifically includes multiple magnets 121a arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical body 15a. Each row of magnets 121a serves as a rotor segment 12a. This facilitates the bonding of two rows of magnets 121a from the two axial ends of the cylindrical body 15a, making assembly more precise. The convex flanges 151a of adjacent cylindrical bodies 15a are brought together and fixed by connectors 40a (e.g., bolts, screws, etc.). The cylindrical body 15a located at the axial end is connected to the first end cap 31a or the second end cap 32a via the convex flanges 151a. This design offers advantages such as simple structure and convenient assembly.

[0107] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, two arms are provided axially at intervals on the fan blade 70. These two arms are fastened one-to-one with the two protruding edges 151a at both ends of the cylinder 15a by connectors 40a (e.g., bolts, screws, etc.).

[0108] Preferably, the magnets 121a of adjacent rotor segments 12a are staggered, more specifically, the magnets 121a of adjacent rotor segments 12a are staggered.

[0109] Preferably, any adjacent rotor segments 12a are also spaced apart by a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay. That is, any two adjacent rows of magnets 121a are also spaced apart by a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay. This makes the axial arrangement of the rotor segments 12a more consistent with the axial arrangement of the stator segments 11a, so that the axial spacing of each pair of adjacent stator segments 11a is approximately uniform, the axial spacing of each pair of adjacent rotor segments 12a is approximately uniform, the axial offset between each pair of nested stator segments 11a and rotor segments 12a is approximately uniform, and the axial support force of each magnetic levitation bearing is approximately uniform.

[0110] Furthermore, a second distance δ is radially spaced between each stator segment 11a and the nested rotor segment 12a. More specifically, one of the core 111a and the coil winding 112a of the stator segment 11a is located at the outer end of the stator segment 11a, thus defining the outer edge of the stator segment 11a. The outermost one of the core 111a and the coil winding 112a of the stator segment 11a is radially spaced between itself and the respective magnets 121a of the rotor segment 12a by the second distance δ. The second distance δ provides an air gap between the stator segment 11a and the rotor segment 12a and prevents interference during relative rotation between the stator segment 11a and the rotor segment 12a.

[0111] In this configuration, the first distance λ between any adjacent rotor segments 12a is greater than or equal to the second distance δ between each stator segment 11a and rotor segment 12a. Thus, in the vertically placed magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a, the radial component between each stator segment 11a of the multi-segment stator and each rotor segment 12a of the multi-segment rotor is zero via the rotating bearings 141a and 142a at both ends of the spindle 13a. An axial component is formed by the magnetic attraction between the iron core 111a and the magnet 121a. This axial component is used to overcome the weight of either the multi-segment rotor or the multi-segment stator (e.g., the multi-segment rotor) and the load on it (e.g., the cylinder 15a, the fan blade 70, etc.), thereby unloading gravity, supporting the rotation of the rotor segment 12a, reducing the axial loss of the rotating bearings 141a and 142a, reducing the mechanical friction of the generator 200, and extending the lifespan of the generator 200.

[0112] This structure divides the multi-segment rotor and stator into multiple segments, resulting in the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a forming two or more axially arranged magnetic levitation bearings. The first spacing λ is set to be slightly greater than or equal to the second spacing δ. Thus, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a is basically positively correlated with the number of rotor segments 12a or stator segments 11a. In other words, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a is basically positively correlated with the number of magnetic levitation bearings formed by rotor segments 12a and stator segments 11a; that is, the more magnetic levitation bearings formed by rotor segments 12a and stator segments 11a, the greater the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation rotor-stator structure 10a.

[0113] Because the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor in this structure are each divided into more than two segments, the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a increases with the increase of the number of segments. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a can achieve a large axial support force with a small effective axial magnetic levitation working range, so as to meet the axial support force requirements of the generator 200 when it is placed vertically, better solve the bearing wear problem, and at the same time avoid excessive axial offset between the nested rotor segments 12a and stator segments 11a. This achieves an effective balance between the vertical use scenario conditions of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a and the output power, volume, weight and cost of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure 10a.

[0114] Furthermore, the axial length L2 of stator segment 11a is equal to the axial length L1 of rotor segment 12a. The two ends of stator segment 11a are aligned with the two ends of rotor segment 12a. This generates maximum axial passive magnetic levitation stiffness. More specifically, the axial length of core 111a is equal to the axial length of magnet 121a, and their axial ends are aligned.

[0115] Furthermore, when the number of stator segments 11a and rotor segments 12a is both greater than or equal to 4, the magnetic levitation stiffness can be maximized, and the axial offset between stator segments 11a and rotor segments 12a can be kept at a level of less than 0.5mm, thus largely ensuring the output power of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a. In this way, through the axial passive magnetic levitation of this structure, the weight of the rotating body (such as the weight of a multi-segment rotor) can be basically ignored, resulting in very low bearing friction, which is beneficial for starting rotation and generating electricity in a light breeze.

[0116] The first spacing λ is 1 to 2 times the value of the second spacing δ, and the first spacing λ is less than a first preset multiple of the axial length L1 of the stator segment 11a, with the first preset multiple ranging from 5 to 10. That is, λ < kL1, where k is the first preset multiple, and the value of k ranges from 5 to 10. Thus, the axial magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a is basically proportional to the number of stator segments 11a. The magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a can increase exponentially with the number of stator segments 11a, resulting in a more significant and efficient improvement in magnetic levitation stiffness. While ensuring the output power of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a, it can provide greater axial magnetic levitation support force, thereby making it better suited for scenarios where the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a is used vertically.

[0117] Furthermore, when the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor are nested and fixedly arranged via rotating bearings 141a and 142a, the stator segment 11a and the rotor segment 12a are axially misaligned by a third distance β. That is, when the multi-segment stator and multi-segment rotor are nested and fixedly arranged via rotating bearings 141a, the magnet 121a and the iron core 111a in the nested rotor segment 12a and stator segment 11a are axially misaligned by a third distance β. The value of the third distance β is greater than zero and less than a second preset multiple of the first distance λ, where the value of the second preset multiple is less than 1. This effectively controls the axial deviation between the rotor segment 12a and the stator segment 11a, constraining it to be less than the first distance λ. While achieving axial magnetic levitation force unloading gravity between the rotor segment 12a and the stator segment 11a, it effectively ensures the facing area between the rotor segment 12a and the stator segment 11a, thus guaranteeing the output power of the generator 200.

[0118] Optionally, the value of the third spacing β ranges from 0 to 0.95λ.

[0119] Preferably, the value of the third spacing β is 0.5λ.

[0120] The principle behind this design, which divides the stator and rotor into equal segments to improve the magnetic levitation stiffness, is the same as that of the magnetic levitation motor described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a bottom cover 60a is provided at the axial bottom end of the spindle 13a. The bottom cover 60a presses the inner ring of the bearing against the shoulder of the spindle 13a. A base 50a is also provided at the axial bottom end of the spindle 13a. The bottom end of the bottom cover 60a and the base 50a are fixed together by a threaded part so as to support the generator 200 at the bottom using the base 50a.

[0122] To further illustrate, the generator 200 is a vertical rotor axial magnetic levitation external rotor wind turbine generator 200. Its spindle 13a is fitted with a multi-segmented iron core 111a, which is a slotless iron core 111a. The outer surface of the slotless iron core 111a is covered with coil windings 112a, which are specifically three-phase motor stator windings. The spindle 13a, the multi-segmented stator core 111a, the three-phase motor stator windings, and the base 50a of the wind turbine generator 200 constitute the main components of the wind turbine generator 200. In principle, the wind turbine generator 200 has no positioning torque, therefore, it is more conducive to starting and rotating to generate electricity in light winds. To avoid overlapping of winding ends and to maximize the winding coefficient, the generator 200 provided in this specific embodiment is configured as a fractional-slot concentrated winding motor with the number of slots per pole per phase q = Z / (2Pm) ≤ 1 / 2. Specifically, winding slots are provided in each stator segment 11a of the multi-segment stator, and a portion of the coil windings 112a are located in the winding slots of stator segment 11a. The number of slots per pole per phase q, the number of virtual slots Z, the number of poles 2P, and the number of phases m of the generator 200 satisfy the following condition: q = z / (2P×m) ≤ 1 / 2. The number of slots and poles of the generator 200 is as follows:

[0123] The number of virtual slots Z = 9N, the number of poles 2P = 8N or the number of poles 2P = 10N, and the winding factor is 0.945;

[0124] The number of virtual slots Z = 15N, the number of poles 2P = 14N or the number of poles 2P = 16N, and the winding factor is 0.951;

[0125] The number of virtual slots Z = 21N, the number of poles 2P = 20N or the number of poles 2P = 22N, and the winding factor is 0.953;

[0126] The number of virtual slots Z = 27N, the number of poles 2P = 26N or the number of poles 2P = 28N, and the winding factor is 0.954;

[0127] Where N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ... are natural numbers greater than or equal to 2.

[0128] Appendix Figure 10 The diagram shows the winding development of a wind turbine 200 when N=2, the number of virtual slots Z=9N=18, 2P=8N=16 or 2P=10N=20.

[0129] Furthermore, the larger the number of virtual slots Z, the more the material of the core 111a can be selected from soft magnetic materials such as silicon steel sheets, thin iron sheets, ferrite or microcrystalline silicon, and SMC composite soft magnetic materials in order to reduce the eddy current loss of the core 111a.

[0130] Furthermore, the three-phase output cables of the three-phase motor stator winding are led out through the lead-in hole on the lowermost side wall of the spindle 13a to the output interface outside the wind turbine generator base 50a.

[0131] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the generator 200 may also be a vertical wing axial magnetic levitation external rotor wind turbine generator 200 with toothed slots on the core 111a. That is, the core 111a of the generator 200 is provided with teeth, and the coil windings 112a are arranged in the winding slots between adjacent teeth. The generator 200 is a fractional-slot concentrated winding motor with the number of slots per pole per phase q = Z / (2Pm) ≤ 1 / 2, where Z is the number of slots, 2P is the number of poles, and m is the number of phases. The number of slots and poles of the generator 200 is as follows:

[0132] The number of slots Z = 9N, the number of poles 2P = 8N or the number of poles 2P = 10N, and the winding factor is 0.945;

[0133] The number of slots Z = 15N, the number of poles 2P = 14N or the number of poles 2P = 16N, and the winding factor is 0.951;

[0134] The number of slots Z = 21N, the number of poles 2P = 20N or the number of poles 2P = 22N, and the winding factor is 0.953;

[0135] The number of slots Z = 27N, the number of poles 2P = 26N or the number of poles 2P = 28N, and the winding factor is 0.954;

[0136] Where N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ... are natural numbers.

[0137] The larger the number of slots Z, the more suitable it is to construct a wind turbine generator 200 with a larger outer diameter, and the larger the power capacity of the wind turbine generator 200. Through the structure of this design, the upper limit of the power capacity of the vertical wing axial magnetic levitation external rotor wind turbine generator 200 can exceed megawatts.

[0138] Of course, this design is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the stator segment 11a and the rotor segment 12a can be interchanged. Specifically, the iron core 111a and the coil winding 112a can be set on the cylinder 15a as the rotor segment 12a, and the magnet 121a can be set on the spindle 13a as the stator segment 11a.

[0139] Furthermore, the generator 200 also includes an inverter, the output interface of which is connected to the coil winding 112a, which can invert the three-phase AC power output by the wind turbine generator 200 into the required DC or AC voltage value. Moreover, by utilizing the damping current of the inverter, a strong reverse torque can be generated at the blade 70 to dampen strong winds, providing a damping speed-limiting function.

[0140] The generator 200 utilizes magnetic levitation force to unload the weight of the rotating body (such as a multi-segment rotor) of the vertical magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure. Furthermore, through the segmented design of the stator and rotor in this embodiment, the first spacing λ is slightly greater than or equal to the radial air gap (i.e., the second spacing δ) between stator segment 11a and rotor segment 12a. This has a very small impact on the actual effective length of the core 111a and the actual effective length of the coil winding 112a, and has almost no or negligible impact on the output power, but it greatly improves the axial magnetic levitation stiffness. For large-diameter wind turbines, even if the multi-segment rotor and blades 70 weigh over several thousand kilograms, the axial offset can still be controlled within less than 1.0 mm due to the high axial magnetic levitation stiffness. Therefore, it meets the gravity unloading requirements of the generator 200 in its vertical placement and reduces the wear of the rotating bearings 141a and 142a, while also ensuring the output power, volume, weight, and cost of the magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure 10a.

[0141] Specific embodiment 3 (as shown) Figure 4 As shown):

[0142] Figure 4 A cylindrical section 21b and a multi-segment stator 110b disposed on the cylindrical section 21b are shown.

[0143] More in detail, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least two rows of magnets are axially spaced on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 21b. One row of magnets serves as a stator segment of the multi-segment stator 110b, specifically comprising multiple magnets 111b1 spaced apart circumferentially. The other row of magnets serves as another stator segment of the multi-segment stator 110b, specifically comprising multiple magnets 111b2 spaced apart circumferentially. Axially, these adjacent rows of magnets are staggered. Specifically, this staggered arrangement means that the magnets in one row are not axially directly aligned with the magnets in the other row; rather, the magnets in one row completely or partially correspond to the spaces between adjacent magnets in the circumferential direction of the other row. This significantly reduces the positioning torque.

[0144] Preferably, adjacent rows of magnets are staggered by a preset offset angle θ1 along the circumferential direction. This preset offset angle θ1 = 360° / (PZn), where P is the number of motor pole pairs; Z is the number of motor slots; and n is the number of rotor segments or stator segments. This can reduce the positioning torque of the multi-segment stator 110b by 2 to 100 times, thus solving the problem of large inter-segment positioning torque in segmented designs.

[0145] Preferably, any two adjacent rows of magnets are staggered by 0.5 to 1 degree along the circumferential direction.

[0146] Preferably, any two adjacent rows of magnets are staggered by 0.703 degrees along the circumferential direction. This ensures that the positioning torque of each stator segment is less than 0.017 Nm, effectively solving the problem of large inter-segment positioning torque in segmented design.

[0147] Optionally, the multi-segment stator 110b and cylindrical section 21b described in this specific embodiment can be incorporated into the magnetic levitation motor described in specific embodiment 1 in a non-conflicting manner. For example, this cylindrical section 21b is equivalent to the cylindrical section 21b of the magnetic levitation motor, and correspondingly, the multi-segment rotor, including the iron core and coil windings, is arranged on the rotating shaft. By staggering the axially adjacent magnets 111b1 and 111b2, the positioning torque can be reduced, enabling the magnetic levitation motor to be started with a microcurrent.

[0148] Of course, alternatively, the structure shown in this specific embodiment 3 can also be used as a multi-segment rotor. Furthermore, this multi-segment rotor can be applied to the generator described in specific embodiment 2 in a non-conflicting manner. In this case, the cylindrical section 21b is equivalent to the generator's cylinder, and the magnets 111b1 and 111b2 are arranged on the cylinder as two rotor segments. Correspondingly, the multi-segment stator 110b, which includes the iron core and coil windings, is arranged on the generator's spindle 13a. By staggering the axially adjacent magnets 111b1 and 111b2, the positioning torque can be reduced, allowing the generator to start generating electricity even with a slight breeze.

[0149] Specific Implementation Example 4 (as shown) Figure 5 As shown):

[0150] Figure 5 A rotating shaft 13c and a multi-segment rotor 120c disposed on the rotating shaft 13c are shown.

[0151] More in detail, such as Figure 5 As shown, at least two rows of magnets are axially spaced on the rotating shaft 13c. One row of magnets serves as a rotor segment of the multi-segment rotor 120c, specifically comprising multiple magnets 121c1 spaced apart circumferentially. The other row of magnets serves as another rotor segment of the multi-segment rotor 120c, specifically comprising multiple magnets 121c2 spaced apart circumferentially. In the axial direction Ay of the rotating shaft 13c, these adjacent rows of magnets 121c1 and 121c2 are staggered. Specifically, this staggered arrangement can be understood as the magnets in one row not being axially directly aligned with the magnets in the other row, but rather the magnets in one row completely or partially corresponding to the spaces between adjacent magnets in the circumferential direction of the other row. This reduces the positioning torque of the multi-segment rotor 120c.

[0152] Preferably, adjacent rows of magnets 121c1 and 121c2 are offset from each other by a preset offset angle θ1 along the circumferential direction. This preset offset angle θ1 = 360° / (PZn), where P is the number of motor pole pairs; Z is the number of motor slots; and n is the number of rotor segments or stator segments. This can reduce the positioning torque of multi-segment stators by 2 to 100 times, thus solving the problem of large inter-segment positioning torque in segmented designs.

[0153] Preferably, any two adjacent rows of magnets are staggered by 0.5 to 1 degree along the circumferential direction.

[0154] Preferably, any two adjacent rows of magnets are staggered by 0.703 degrees along the circumferential direction. This ensures that the positioning torque of each stator segment is less than 0.017 Nm, effectively solving the problem of large inter-segment positioning torque in segmented design.

[0155] Optionally, the multi-segment rotor 120c and rotating shaft 13c described in this specific embodiment can be incorporated into the magnetic levitation motor described in specific embodiment 1 in a non-conflicting manner. For example, the rotating shaft 13c is equivalent to the rotating shaft 13c of the magnetic levitation motor, and the multi-segment rotor 120c, including magnets 121c1 and 121c2, is disposed on the rotating shaft 13c. Correspondingly, the multi-segment stator, including the iron core and coil windings, is disposed on the housing. By staggering the axially adjacent magnets 121c1 and 121c2, the positioning torque can be reduced, which is beneficial for the micro-current starting of the magnetic levitation motor.

[0156] Of course, alternatively, the structure shown in this specific embodiment 4 can also be used as a multi-segment stator. Furthermore, this multi-segment stator can be applied to the generator described in specific embodiment 2 in a non-conflicting manner. In this case, the rotating shaft 13c is equivalent to the generator's spindle 13a, and the multi-segment stator including magnets 121c1 and 121c2 is arranged on the spindle 13a. Correspondingly, the multi-segment rotor 120c including the iron core and coil windings is arranged on the cylinder. By staggering the axially adjacent magnets 121c1 and 121c2, the positioning torque can be reduced, which is beneficial for the generator to start generating electricity in a light breeze.

[0157] Specific Implementation Example 5 (e.g.) Figures 6 to 8 As shown):

[0158] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an axonometric view of a magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure is shown.

[0159] The magnetic levitation stator-rotor structure includes at least one multi-segment stator and at least one multi-segment rotor. Each multi-segment stator includes two or more stator segments arranged axially spaced apart, and each multi-segment rotor includes two or more rotor segments arranged axially spaced apart.

[0160] like Figure 6 As shown, one of the stator segment and the rotor segment includes a cylindrical section 21e and a plurality of magnets 111e arranged at intervals along the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical section 21e.

[0161] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the other of the stator segment and the rotor segment includes an iron core 121e, which includes an annular portion 1212e and a plurality of teeth 1211e spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the annular portion 1212e, and a winding slot 1213e is formed between any adjacent teeth 1211e for accommodating a coil winding 122e.

[0162] Figure 8 Axonometric views of two axially adjacent stator segments are shown, and more specifically, axonometric views of two axially adjacent cores 121e are shown.

[0163] like Figure 8 As shown, the teeth 1211e of axially adjacent iron cores 121e are staggered. Specifically, the staggered arrangement can be understood as follows: the teeth 1211e of one iron core 121e are not axially aligned with the teeth 1211ex of the adjacent iron core 121e. Instead, the teeth 1211e of one iron core 121e completely or partially correspond to the winding grooves 1213e between adjacent teeth 1211ex of the other iron core 121e. This reduces the positioning torque of the multi-segment rotor.

[0164] Better, such as Figure 8 As shown, the axially adjacent tooth portions 1211e and 1211ex are offset from each other by a preset offset angle θ2 along the circumferential direction. The preset offset angle θ2 = 360° / (PZn), where P is the number of motor pole pairs; Z is the number of motor slots; and n is the number of rotor segments or stator segments.

[0165] That is, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure can be applied to slotted motors or slotted generators. By setting a preset offset angle θ2 between the axially adjacent teeth 1211e and teeth 1211ex in the circumferential direction, the positioning torque can be reduced, and the motor can be started with a low current or the generator can be started with a low wind to generate electricity.

[0166] Specific Implementation Example 6 (as shown) Figure 9 As shown):

[0167] This specific embodiment provides a magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300, which includes multiple magnets 121f, a cylinder 15f, an iron core 111f, and a coil winding 112f.

[0168] The cylindrical body 15f includes a side wall forming a ring extending through both ends, on which multiple magnets 121f are fixed at intervals on the inner circumferential surface. More specifically, the multiple magnets 121f are arranged in multiple rows of magnet groups along the axial direction Ay on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical body 15f, and each row of magnet groups contains multiple magnets 121f arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The magnets 121f in two axially adjacent rows of magnet groups are either axially corresponding or staggered.

[0169] The iron core 111f includes a ring body 1112f and a plurality of teeth 1111f disposed on the ring body 1112f. The plurality of teeth 1111f are arranged at intervals along the axial direction Ay to form multiple rows of tooth groups, wherein adjacent rows of tooth groups are spaced apart by a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay. Each row of tooth groups includes a plurality of teeth 1111f arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The teeth 1111f of two axially adjacent rows of tooth groups are either axially corresponding or staggered.

[0170] The coil winding 112f is disposed on a plurality of teeth 1111f of the iron core 111f and is accommodated between two circumferentially adjacent teeth 1111f.

[0171] The cylinder 15f is nested outside the iron core 111f, and each row of magnets 121f is nested on the outer periphery of each row of teeth. The nested magnets 121f and the teeth 1111f of the teeth are separated by a second radial distance δ along Ar, where the first distance λ is slightly larger than the second distance δ. Furthermore, the nested magnets 121f and the teeth 1111f of the teeth are offset axially by a third distance β along Ay, where the third distance β is greater than zero and less than a second preset multiple of the first distance λ, where the second preset multiple is less than 1. Thus, the magnets 121f and the teeth of the magnetic levitation stator / rotor unit 300 together define a magnetic levitation bearing that provides axial support force and has the advantage of high magnetic levitation stiffness, meeting the gravity unloading requirements when the magnetic levitation stator / rotor unit 300 is used vertically (i.e., when the axial direction Ay is parallel to the direction of gravity).

[0172] Furthermore, the axial length of the cylinder 15f is equal to the axial length of the iron core 111f, and both ends of the cylinder 15f are flush with both ends of the iron core 111f. The value of the first spacing λ is 1 to 2 times the value of the second spacing δ. The value of the first spacing λ is less than 5 to 10 times the axial dimension of a single magnet 121f, or less than 5 to 10 times the axial dimension of a single tooth 1111f. Thus, the maximum axial magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 can be approximated as 0.95nK, where n is the number of rotor segments 12f, and K is the magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic bearing constructed by a single rotor segment 12f and the nested stator segment 11f. The unit of K is (Nm / mm). The axial magnetic levitation stiffness of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 can be increased approximately in multiples with the number of magnet groups 121f or the number of tooth groups. Correspondingly, the effective working range of axial magnetic levitation is reduced to 0.95λ, which allows the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure to provide greater axial support force to fully meet the axial support requirements when the magnetic levitation motor is used vertically, reduce the loss of rotating bearings, and at the same time ensure the output power, volume, weight, and cost of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure. Specific Implementation Example 7:

[0174] A magnetic levitation device is provided, which is a magnetic levitation motor or a generator. Specifically, the magnetic levitation device includes one or more magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 as described in Specific Embodiment 6. For the magnetic levitation motor, the output shaft for outputting torque can be connected to the cylinder 15f or iron core 111f of multiple magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 respectively. For the generator, the generator includes one or more fan blades, wherein each fan blade is connected to one or more cylinders 15f or one or more iron cores 111f respectively.

[0175] For example, for a megawatt-class wind turbine, its diameter and length are relatively large, and its weight is also relatively large. In order to improve the magnetic levitation stiffness, the number of segments (that is, the number of tooth groups and the number of magnet groups 121f) will naturally be large. For ease of manufacturing, it can be divided into more than two magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 along the axial direction.

[0176] Furthermore, when there are two or more magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300, the magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are arranged along the axial direction, wherein the magnets 121f groups of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 have a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay, and / or the tooth groups of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 have a first distance λ along the axial direction Ay.

[0177] Furthermore, the magnets 121f of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are staggered along the circumferential direction. Preferably, the magnets 121f of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are staggered along the circumferential direction by a preset offset angle, which is the ratio of 360 degrees to a preset value, and the preset value is the product of the number of motor pole pairs P, the number of motor slots Z, and the number n of rotor segments 12f or stator segments 11f.

[0178] Furthermore, the teeth 1111f of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are staggered in the circumferential direction. Preferably, the teeth 1111f of adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are staggered in the circumferential direction by a preset offset angle, which is the ratio of 360 degrees to a preset value, and the preset value is the product of the number of motor pole pairs, the number of motor slots, and the number of rotor segments 12f.

[0179] For example, this magnetic levitation device uses a 36-slot, 40-pole fractional-slot concentrated winding motor. The tooth sets of each magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 and the magnet 121f sets constitute a passive axial magnetic levitation bearing. The tooth sets and magnet 121f sets of each magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 adopt a segmented structure with axial division into 6 segments. Each of the 6 segments can generate an axial stiffness of 5 kg / mm ​​with the magnet 121f sets, and the total axial stiffness of the 6 segments is 30 kg / mm. Adjacent magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 are staggered by 0.703 degrees in the circumferential direction to significantly reduce the positioning torque. The positioning torque of each magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 is less than 0.017 Nm, and the power generation of each magnetic levitation stator and rotor unit 300 is about 1 kW. Preferably, the magnetic levitation equipment includes 10 magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300. The 10 magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300 constitute a megawatt-level wind turbine or magnetic levitation motor, and the total positioning torque is less than 0.17 Nm, so that the magnetic levitation motor can be started with a small current or the generator can be started with a small breeze to generate electricity.

[0180] Furthermore, by segmenting the magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300, the structure of the magnetic levitation equipment, which includes multiple magnetic levitation stator and rotor units 300, greatly simplifies the manufacturing and installation process, making it more suitable for on-site assembly of large generators or motors, and reducing product costs.

[0181] In any of the above specific embodiments, further, in the multiple rotor segments or multiple stator segments used to set the coil windings, each segment adopts a multi-segment structure, each segment includes multiple iron core laminations of the same thickness, each iron core lamination has multiple teeth arranged circumferentially, multiple iron core laminations are stacked, and multiple teeth are arranged axially to stack and form a tooth section. In this way, the assembly process difficulty of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure can be significantly reduced, the installation consistency of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure can be improved, and the structure of stacked iron core laminations can further reduce the cogging torque, improve the air gap magnetic flux density and back EMF waveform, and reduce the vibration and noise of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure.

[0182] Although this application has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is illustrative and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since this application can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure, characterized in that, include: At least one multi-segment stator, each of the multi-segment stators comprising two or more stator segments, the stator segments being axially spaced apart; and, At least one multi-segment rotor, each of the multi-segment rotors comprising two or more rotor segments, each of the stator segments having a rotor segment radially spaced from the stator segment nested inside or outside the stator segment, the rotor segment and the stator segment being axially offset; one of the rotor segment and the stator segment includes a magnet, and the other includes a coil winding, the nested stator segment and the rotor segment together defining a magnetic levitation bearing capable of providing axial force; Wherein, any adjacent stator segments or any adjacent rotor segments are spaced apart along the axial direction by a first spacing, and the nested stator segments and rotor segments are spaced apart along the radial direction by a second spacing, the value of the first spacing is greater than or equal to the value of the second spacing, and the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is used in a vertical position; The stator segment and the rotor segment have the same axial length; the first spacing is 1 to 2 times the value of the second spacing; The value of the first spacing is less than a first preset multiple of the axial length of each stator segment or rotor segment, and the value of the first preset multiple ranges from 5 to 10.

2. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A rotating shaft is provided, and all rotor segments are fixed on the rotating shaft. A pair of rotating bearings are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the rotor segments are provided between the two rotating bearings. The rotating bearings are placed vertically. The stator segments and the rotor segments have the same axial length. The multi-segment stator and the multi-segment rotor are fixedly arranged by nesting the rotating bearings. The rotor segments and the stator segments are offset axially by a third distance. The value of the third distance is greater than zero and less than a second preset multiple of the first distance. The value of the second preset multiple is less than 1.

3. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corresponding segments of the multi-segment rotor or the multi-segment stator containing the magnets are staggered in the circumferential direction, and / or, the rotor segments or the stator segments containing the magnets are staggered in the circumferential direction by a preset offset angle, the preset offset angle being the ratio of 360 degrees to a preset value, the preset value being the product of the number of motor pole pairs, the number of motor slots, and the number of rotor segments.

4. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each stator segment has multiple teeth spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and a winding slot for accommodating the coil winding is formed between any adjacent teeth, wherein the teeth of axially adjacent stator segments are staggered; or Each rotor segment has multiple teeth spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and a winding slot for accommodating the coil winding is formed between any adjacent teeth, wherein the teeth of axially adjacent rotor segments are staggered.

5. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each rotor segment comprises a plurality of the aforementioned magnets, and the magnetically levitated stator-rotor structure further includes: At least one cylindrical body having an inner surface, a plurality of magnets of the same rotor segment being spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylindrical body, at least two rotor segments being mounted on the same cylindrical body, and the magnets of adjacent rotor segments being spaced apart along the first distance along the axial direction. The space enclosed by a plurality of magnets in the same rotor segment contains a stator segment, the side surface of the stator segment corresponds to the position of the magnet, and the side surface of the stator segment and the magnet are radially separated by a second distance.

6. The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnets of adjacent rotor segments are staggered. The axial length of each rotor segment is equal to the axial length of the stator segment nested with it; The cylinder body has protruding edges extending outward at both axial ends, which are used to connect with the fan blades.

7. A magnetic levitation motor, characterized in that, include: The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is placed vertically, the coil winding of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is disposed on the multi-segment stator or the multi-segment rotor of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure, the coil winding is provided with an input interface, and when the coil winding is energized, it can drive the multi-segment rotor to rotate relative to the multi-segment stator.

8. A generator, characterized in that, include: The magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is wherein the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure is placed vertically, and the coil windings of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure are arranged on the multi-segment stator or the multi-segment rotor of the magnetic levitation stator and rotor structure. and, The fan blade is connected to one of the rotor segments of the multi-segment rotor, or to at least two rotor segments of the multi-segment rotor arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The coil winding is provided with an output interface, and the coil winding can generate an induced current in response to the relative rotation between the multi-segment rotor and the multi-segment stator.

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