Method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in mature golden locust forests

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden locust forest, which relates to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, and comprises the following steps: step 1, selection of interplanting forest land: in southern my country, selecting a mature golden locust forest with closed tree crowns as the interplanting forest land, step 2, applying basal fertilizer to the golden locust forest and interplanting and harvesting medicinal materials under the forest. The present invention adopts a method of rotating trenching between plants and rows to apply basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust forest, selects yellow-flowered water lotus or broad-leaved Mahonia as the medicinal material variety for interplanting under the forest, and when trenching and fertilizing, the relevant medicinal material variety is planted in the fertilizer trench. When trenching and fertilizing again after a fertilizer cycle, the original interplanted medicinal materials are harvested and a new batch of medicinal materials are interplanted again, and the cycle is repeated over and over again. This method cleverly unifies the application of basal fertilizer in the mature golden locust forest, the planting and harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest, and greatly saves labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, and in particular to a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden locust forest. Background Art

[0002] The understory economy refers to an eco-friendly economy that relies on forests, woodlands, and their ecological environments, and is characterized by complex operations. It includes understory farming, planting, the collection and processing of related products, and the utilization of forest landscapes. The development of the understory economy is of great significance in extending the forestry industry chain, improving forestland production efficiency, and broadening farmers' income channels. Since many Chinese medicinal herbs are shade-loving or semi-shade-loving plants, their native habitats are mostly understory. Therefore, intercropping Chinese medicinal herbs understory is an important option for developing the understory economy. Especially for artificial economic forests, intercropping Chinese medicinal herbs understory can significantly increase the species diversity of the forest stand, thereby improving the forestland ecological environment and increasing the economic benefits of the forestland.

[0003] The dried flower buds of the Sophora japonica tree, known as Sophora japonica seeds, are rich in rutin. Research has shown that rutin has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-free radical, and antioxidant properties, as well as preventing blood vessel rupture and stopping bleeding. Therefore, rutin is widely used in the pharmaceutical and daily cosmetics industries. The Golden Sophora japonica, a branch of the Sophora japonica tree, is named for its golden-yellow seeds. Its seeds are of high quality and high rutin content, a fact widely acknowledged in the industry. To meet the demand for seeds, Golden Sophora japonica is cultivated extensively in some areas. Its cultivated area in northern Guangxi and southern Hunan alone reaches 300,000 mu (approximately 1,000 hectares). In Golden Sophora japonica production areas, many farmers intercrop crops such as watermelon and soybeans within young Golden Sophora japonica stands. However, no such intercropping has been observed in mature stands. Understory intercropping is not a simple combination of two (or more) economic plants; it requires consideration of appropriate cultivar combinations and the compatibility of field management techniques for each variety.

[0004] The golden locust panicles grow at the tops of its branches. In production, after harvesting the panicles each year, all the outermost branches of the golden locust plants need to be pruned back in winter to encourage new shoots and panicles to grow the following year. For mature golden locust stands, the understory light transmittance is highest after winter pruning, reaching over 95%. However, as new shoots grow the following year, the light transmittance gradually decreases. By May and June, when the newly grown branches close the rows, the light transmittance drops to 50% or even lower. The light transmittance of mature golden locust stands is high in the first half of the year and low in the second half. Therefore, interplanted plants under the forest must be able to adapt to this habitat with fluctuating light transmittance. In addition, in production, mature golden locust forests generally need to dig pits (usually strip pits) between the rows every two or three years to apply base fertilizer. The process of digging the fertilizer pits will inevitably have an impact on the interplanted plants under the forest. Can such impacts be avoided by selecting suitable understory medicinal materials and "compatible" field management techniques? Therefore, the current golden locust industry urgently needs a method of interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in mature golden locust forests to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention adopts precious Chinese medicinal materials that can bring economic benefits to farmers and are well adapted to the habitat conditions of mature golden locust forests as under-forest intercropping plants, and provides relevant intercropping technologies in a targeted manner. It can better solve the problems of single stands of mature golden locust forests and insufficient utilization of land resources, and is helpful to improve the forest ecological environment of mature golden locust forests and increase the economic benefits of forest land. It has broad promotion prospects.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden sophora forest, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Selection of interplanting forest land: In southern my country, select mature golden locust trees with closed tree crowns as interplanting forest land;

[0009] Step 2, applying basal fertilizer to golden sophora japonica and interplanting and harvesting medicinal herbs under the forest: adopt the method of rotating furrowing between plants and rows to apply basal fertilizer to the golden sophora japonica mature forest, choose to apply basal fertilizer every two or three years, and the corresponding fertilization cycle duration is four and six years respectively, and select medicinal herbs whose time from planting to maturity and harvesting is equal to the length of the aforementioned fertilization cycle as the medicinal herb varieties interplanted under the forest, no matter between plants or between rows, when applying basal fertilizer to the golden sophora japonica mature forest, plant the relevant medicinal herb varieties in the fertilization furrow, and when digging furrows and applying fertilizer again after a fertilization cycle, harvest the originally interplanted medicinal herbs and interplant a new batch of medicinal herbs again, and repeat the cycle over and over again;

[0010] Step 3: Other field management of the mature golden locust forest: carry out other field management of the mature golden locust forest according to traditional methods;

[0011] Step 2 and step 3 cooperate with each other, that is, step 3 is also performed during step 2;

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is further detailed in that: the application of basal fertilizer to golden sophora japonica and interplanting and harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest further includes the following steps;

[0013] S2.1: Selection of understory medicinal materials;

[0014] S2.2: Dig fertilizer trenches and apply base fertilizer;

[0015] S2.3: Planting of medicinal herbs under forests;

[0016] S2.4: Other field management of understory medicinal materials;

[0017] S2.5: Harvesting of medicinal herbs under the forest and intercropping of new batches of medicinal herbs.

[0018] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: S2.1 selection of varieties of forest medicinal materials: select the varieties of forest medicinal materials according to the time interval of applying base fertilizer to Sophora japonica. If base fertilizer is applied every two years, that is, every other year, yellow water lily is selected as the interplanted forest medicinal material variety; if base fertilizer is applied every three years, that is, every two years, broad-leaved Euonymus japonicus is selected as the interplanted forest medicinal material variety; their seedlings are all two-year-old seedlings.

[0019] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: S2.2 digging fertilizer ditches and applying base fertilizer: in February of the year when the golden locust trees are to be applied with base fertilizer, fertilizer ditches are dug for the mature golden locust trees that have completed winter pruning. Strip trenches are dug between plants or rows according to the method of alternating trenching between plants and rows. The excavated topsoil and subsoil are piled separately on both sides of the fertilizer ditch. The type of base fertilizer is the same as that applied by the traditional fertilization method for the mature golden locust trees. The amount of fertilizer applied is increased by 1 / 3 compared with the traditional method. When applying fertilizer, the topsoil is first backfilled to 1 / 2 of the ditch depth, and then the fertilizer is evenly spread into the fertilizer ditch, and then the topsoil in the ditch is evenly mixed with the base fertilizer.

[0020] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: the planting of forest medicinal materials in S2.3: the seedlings of the forest medicinal materials to be interplanted are placed in the fertilizer ditch described in S2.2. For seedlings with shorter plants, soil should be placed under their roots to ensure that their plants can be exposed from the fertilizer ditch. Then, the seedlings are straightened one by one and the soil is continued to be backfilled. When the soil just covers the roots of the seedlings, the seedlings are gently lifted to stretch their roots. Finally, all the soil is backfilled and enough water is poured to allow the roots to take root. After 20 days, the seedlings are checked and replaced, and dead plants are replaced.

[0021] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: S2.4 Other field management of medicinal materials under the forest:

[0022] (1) Stem setting, tying and pruning of yellow water lily: Stem setting should be carried out immediately after planting. The stem height should be 40-50 cm. If the plant height does not reach this height, it should be left until February of the following year. From the second year after planting, if the side branches cover the center line of the fertilizer ditch and obviously affect the walking of the tillers, the plants should be staked and tied to make the plants tilt to the outside of the fertilizer ditch. At the same time, pruning should be carried out to reduce the impact on the walking of the tillers.

[0023] (2) Pruning of broad-leaved Euonymus: Since the leaf edges of broad-leaved Euonymus have 2-6 coarse serrations on each side, the leaves that are over-extended and affect the walking of farmers should be pruned in time, or their coarse serrations should be cut off.

[0024] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: the harvesting of the S2.5 understory medicinal materials and the interplanting of new batches of medicinal materials: no matter between plants or between rows, after a cycle of fertilization, the interplanted water lily or broad-leaved Euonymus also reaches the mature harvesting period. At this time, they are harvested in combination with a new round of trenching and basal fertilizer application. The medicinal part of the water lily is mainly the root, which is harvested by digging according to the original fertilizer ditch position; the medicinal part of the broad-leaved Euonymus is mainly the root and the stem. When harvesting, the stem is cut first, and then the root is dug according to the original fertilizer ditch position to collect the root. After the harvesting is completed, the fertilizer ditch is tidied up according to the above method and new basal fertilizer is applied. At the same time, a new batch of water lily or broad-leaved Euonymus seedlings are interplanted in the fertilizer ditch.

[0025] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are that the fertilizer ditch described in S2.2 is excavated according to the following standards: if the medicinal material to be interplanted in the fertilizer ditch is yellow water lily, the fertilizer ditch between the golden sophora plants is excavated with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm, and the fertilizer ditch between the rows is excavated with a width of 60-70 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm; if the medicinal material to be interplanted in the fertilizer ditch is broad-leaved Euonymus, the fertilizer ditches between the plants and between the rows of the golden sophora plants are both excavated with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm.

[0026] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: if the understory medicinal material variety to be interplanted in S2.3 is yellow water lily, its seedlings are placed in the fertilizer ditch as follows: two rows of seedlings are placed in each fertilizer ditch with the plant positions staggered, with the large lateral roots of the seedlings facing the center line of the fertilizer ditch, each row of seedlings close to the left and right ditch walls of the fertilizer ditch, and the plant spacing is 50-60 cm.

[0027] Further details of the technical solution of the present invention are: if the understory medicinal material variety to be interplanted in S2.3 is broad-leaved Euonymus, its seedlings are placed in the fertilizer ditch as follows: a row of seedlings is placed in the center line of each fertilizer ditch, with a plant spacing of 70-80 cm.

[0028] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0029] 1. The present invention provides a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden sophora forest. By selecting two semi-shade plants, water lilies and broad-leaved Mahonia, as the interplanted medicinal materials under the mature golden sophora forest, they can better adapt to the production pattern of the understory light transmittance of the mature golden sophora forest being high in the first half of the year and low in the second half of the year. Water lilies are a perennial plant of the genus Polygala, which has the effects of replenishing blood and qi, removing dampness, regulating lipids, and protecting the liver. It can be used to treat irregular menstruation, postpartum physical weakness, and hepatitis. Broad-leaved Mahonia is a plant of the genus Mahonia of the Berberidaceae family. Its entire plant, especially its roots and stems, is rich in chemical components such as spicateline, jatrorrhizine, and berberine. It has the effects of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and stopping diarrhea, and can be used to treat diseases such as lung heat cough and enteritis. Both yellow-flowered water lily and broad-leaved Euonymus have high medicinal and economic value. Interplanting them under mature golden locust forests can not only increase the species diversity of the forest stand, but also significantly improve the economic benefits of the forest land.

[0030] 2. The present invention provides a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden locust forest. The method adopts the method of rotating trenching between plants and rows to apply basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust forest. Yellow-flowered water lily or broad-leaved magnolia oleifera, whose time from planting to maturity and harvesting is equal to the length of one fertilization cycle, is selected as the medicinal material variety for interplanting under the forest. When trenching and fertilizing, the relevant medicinal material varieties are planted in the fertilizer trench according to the proposed time interval for applying basal fertilizer. After one fertilization cycle, when trenching and fertilizing again, the originally interplanted medicinal materials are harvested and a new batch of medicinal materials are interplanted again, and the cycle is repeated over and over again. This method cleverly unifies the application of basal fertilizer in the mature golden locust forest, the planting and harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest, and greatly saves labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of the method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in mature Sophora japonica forests of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of applying base fertilizer to golden sophora japonica and interplanting and harvesting medicinal materials under the forest. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1. Selection of intercropping forest land: In southern my country, select mature golden locust forest land with closed tree crowns as intercropping forest land.

[0037] Step 2. Applying basal fertilizer to golden locust trees and interplanting and harvesting medicinal herbs under the forest: Apply basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust trees by rotating trenches between plants and rows. Apply basal fertilizer every two years, and the corresponding fertilization cycle is four years. Select medicinal herbs whose time from planting to harvesting is equal to the length of the aforementioned fertilization cycle (i.e. 4 years) as the medicinal herb varieties for interplanting under the forest. Regardless of whether it is between plants or between rows, when applying basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust trees, plant the relevant medicinal herb varieties in the fertilization trench. When digging trenches and applying fertilizers again after a fertilization cycle, harvest the original interplanted medicinal herbs and interplant a new batch of medicinal herbs again. Repeat the cycle over and over again.

[0038] S2.1 Selection of understory medicinal materials: Choose the yellow-flowered water lily as the understory medicinal material variety, which takes about four years from planting to maturity and can be harvested. Its seedlings are two-year-old seedlings.

[0039] S2.2 Digging fertilizer ditches and applying base fertilizer: In February of the year when base fertilizer is applied to the golden locust trees, fertilizer ditches are dug for the mature golden locust trees that have completed winter pruning. Strip trenches are dug between plants or rows according to the method of alternating trenches between plants and rows. The excavated topsoil and subsoil are piled separately on both sides of the fertilizer ditch. The types of base fertilizer are the same as those applied by traditional fertilization methods for mature golden locust trees. The amount of fertilizer applied is increased by 1 / 3 compared to the traditional method. When applying fertilizer, first backfill the topsoil to 1 / 2 of the ditch depth, then evenly spread the fertilizer into the fertilizer ditch, and then mix the topsoil in the ditch with the base fertilizer.

[0040] S2.3 Planting of medicinal herbs under the forest: Place the seedlings of yellow water lily in the fertilizer ditch of S2.2. For seedlings with shorter plants, pad soil under their roots to ensure that the plants can be exposed from the fertilizer ditch. Then straighten the seedlings one by one and continue to backfill the soil. When the soil just covers the roots of the seedlings, lift the seedlings lightly to stretch the roots. Finally, backfill all the soil and water enough to establish roots. After 20 days, check and replant the seedlings and replace the dead plants.

[0041] S2.4 Other field management of forest medicinal materials: After the yellow water lily is planted, the stems should be trimmed immediately, with a height of 40-50cm. If the plant height does not reach this height, it should be trimmed in February of the following year. From the second year after planting, the plants whose side branches cover the center line of the fertilizer ditch and obviously affect the walking of the farmers should be staked and tied to make the plants tilt toward the outside of the fertilizer ditch. At the same time, pruning should be carried out to reduce their impact on the walking of the farmers.

[0042] S2.5 Harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest and interplanting of new batches of medicinal materials: No matter between plants or between rows, after a fertilization cycle (4 years), the interplanted water lilies have reached maturity and can be harvested. At this time, they are harvested in conjunction with a new round of trenching and basal fertilizer application. The medicinal part of water lilies is mainly the root. Dig down according to the position of the original fertilizer ditch and harvest it. After the harvest is completed, tidy up the fertilizer ditch according to the above method and apply new basal fertilizer. At the same time, interplant a new batch of water lilies seedlings in the fertilizer ditch.

[0043] Step 3. Other field management of mature golden locust trees forest: Other field management of mature golden locust trees forest can be carried out according to traditional methods.

[0044] The step 2 cooperates with the step 3, that is, step 3 is also performed during the implementation of step 2.

[0045] Preferably, the fertilizer ditch in S2.2 is dug according to the following standards: the fertilizer ditch between the golden locust trees is dug with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm, while the fertilizer ditch between the rows is dug with a width of 60-70 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm.

[0046] Preferably, the yellow water lily seedlings in S2.3 are placed into the fertilizer ditch as follows: two rows of seedlings are placed in each fertilizer ditch in a staggered manner, with the large lateral roots of the seedlings facing the center line of the fertilizer ditch, each row of seedlings close to the left and right ditch walls of the fertilizer ditch, and the plant spacing is 50-60 cm.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Selection of intercropping forest land: In southern China, select mature golden locust forest land with closed tree crowns as intercropping forest land.

[0050] Step 2. Applying basal fertilizer to golden locust trees and interplanting and harvesting medicinal herbs under the forest: Apply basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust trees by rotating trenches between plants and rows. Apply basal fertilizer every three years, and the corresponding fertilization cycle is six years. Select medicinal herbs whose time from planting to harvesting is equal to the length of the aforementioned fertilization cycle (i.e., 6 years) as the medicinal herb varieties for interplanting under the forest. Regardless of whether it is between plants or between rows, when applying basal fertilizer to the mature golden locust trees, plant the relevant medicinal herb varieties in the fertilization trench. When digging trenches and applying fertilizers again after a fertilization cycle, harvest the original interplanted medicinal herbs and interplant a new batch of medicinal herbs again. Repeat the cycle over and over again.

[0051] S2.1 Selection of understory medicinal materials: The broad-leaved Euonymus japonicus, which takes about six years from planting to harvest, was selected as the understory medicinal material variety, and its seedlings were two-year-old seedlings.

[0052] S2.2 Digging fertilizer ditches and applying base fertilizer: In February of the year when base fertilizer is applied to the golden locust trees, fertilizer ditches are dug for the mature golden locust trees that have completed winter pruning. Strip trenches are dug between plants or rows according to the method of alternating trenches between plants and rows. The excavated topsoil and subsoil are piled separately on both sides of the fertilizer ditch. The types of base fertilizer are the same as those applied by traditional fertilization methods for mature golden locust trees. The amount of fertilizer applied is increased by 1 / 3 compared to the traditional method. When applying fertilizer, first backfill the topsoil to 1 / 2 of the ditch depth, then evenly spread the fertilizer into the fertilizer ditch, and then mix the topsoil in the ditch with the base fertilizer.

[0053] S2.3 Planting of medicinal herbs under the forest: Place the seedlings of broad-leaved Euonymus in the fertilizer ditch of S2.2. For seedlings with shorter plants, put soil under their roots to ensure that the plants can be exposed from the fertilizer ditch. Then straighten the seedlings one by one and continue to backfill the soil. When the soil just covers the roots of the seedlings, lift the seedlings lightly to stretch the roots. Finally, backfill all the soil and water them enough to establish roots. After 20 days, check and replant the seedlings and replace the dead plants.

[0054] S2.4 Other field management of forest medicinal materials: Since the leaves of broad-leaved Euonymus have 2-6 coarse serrations on each side, the leaves that are over-extended and affect the walking of farmers should be cut off in time, or their coarse serrations should be cut off.

[0055] S2.5 Harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest and interplanting of new batches of medicinal materials: No matter between plants or between rows, after a fertilization cycle (6 years), the interplanted broad-leaved Euonymus will reach maturity and can be harvested. At this time, they can be harvested in conjunction with a new round of trenching and basal fertilizer application. The medicinal parts of broad-leaved Euonymus are mainly roots and stems. When harvesting, the stems are cut first, and then the roots are collected by digging according to the original fertilizer ditch position. After the harvest is completed, the fertilizer ditch is tidied up according to the above method and new basal fertilizer is applied. At the same time, a new batch of broad-leaved Euonymus seedlings are interplanted in the fertilizer ditch.

[0056] Step 3. Other field management of mature golden locust trees forest: Other field management of mature golden locust trees forest can be carried out according to traditional methods.

[0057] Step 2 and step 3 cooperate with each other, that is, step 3 is also implemented during the implementation of step 2.

[0058] Preferably, the fertilizer ditches in S2.2 are dug according to the following standards: the fertilizer ditches between the plants and rows of golden locust trees are dug with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm.

[0059] Preferably, the broad-leaved Euonymus seedlings in S2.3 are placed in the fertilizer furrows as follows: a row of seedlings is placed in the center line of each fertilizer furrow, with a spacing of 70-80 cm between the seedlings.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] There is no intercropping in the mature golden locust forest. Instead, base fertilizer is applied to the mature golden locust forest by rotating trenches between plants and rows. Base fertilizer is applied once every two years, and field management of the mature golden locust forest is carried out according to traditional methods.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] There is no intercropping in the mature golden locust forest. Instead, base fertilizer is applied to the mature golden locust forest by rotating trenches between plants and rows. Base fertilizer is applied once every three years, and field management of the mature golden locust forest is carried out according to traditional methods.

[0064] The above Examples 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were carried out in the same mature forest of golden sophora japonica. In Example 1, while rotating the basal fertilizer between plants and between rows every two years, golden sophora japonica was interplanted at the same time. Except that the golden sophora japonica (root) could only be harvested once in the first four years, the golden sophora japonica (root) could be harvested twice in any other fertilization cycle (4 years); similarly, in Example 2, except that the broad-leaved magnolia vine (root, stem) could only be harvested once in the first six years, the broad-leaved magnolia vine (root, stem) could be harvested twice in any other fertilization cycle (6 years). Table 1 below shows the parameters of sophora japonica seeds and related medicinal materials in different interplanting modes in one of the fertilization cycles (4 or 6 years) other than the first four years (Example 1 and Comparative Example 1) and the first six years (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2)

[0065] Table 1 Comparison of parameters of Sophora japonica seeds and related medicinal materials in different intercropping patterns within one fertilization cycle in the non-first 4 years (Example 1 and Comparative Example 1) and the non-first 6 years (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2).

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Note: The row spacing of golden locust trees in each example in the table is 3m×4m

[0069] It can be seen from Table 1 that when the fertilization cycle is 4 years, the average annual yield of Sophora japonica in the intercropping mode of golden locust forest and the non-intercropping mode are 77.62 and 82.18 kg / mu respectively (Example 1 and Comparative Example 1), while when the fertilization cycle is 6 years, the average annual yield of Sophora japonica in the intercropping mode of golden locust forest and the non-intercropping mode are 75.65 and 67.63 kg / mu (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2). The difference in the yield of Sophora japonica between the intercropping and non-intercropping modes is not significant. It can be seen that intercropping yellow water lilies and broad-leaved Euonymus japonicus under the forest has little effect on the Sophora japonica yield of golden locust forest.

[0070] In addition, under the same fertilization cycle duration, the annual output value per mu of the pattern of interplanting yellow water lilies under the mature golden locust forest can reach 4,785.80 yuan (Example 1), which is more than 1,000 yuan more than the income of the non-interplanting pattern (3,698.10 yuan, Comparative Example 1); and the annual output value per mu of the pattern of interplanting broad-leaved ten-meronymus under the mature golden locust forest can reach 4,134.95 yuan (Example 2), which is also more than 1,000 yuan more than the income of the non-interplanting pattern (3,043.35 yuan, Comparative Example 2). Since the present invention cleverly integrates the application of base fertilizer, planting and harvesting of medicinal materials under the forest of the mature golden locust forest, it can significantly improve the economic benefits of the mature golden locust forest without increasing much labor cost. Therefore, the present invention has a good application prospect.

[0071] The above generally describes the present invention in detail. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest, characterized by: The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature golden locust forest comprises the following steps: Step 1: Selection of interplanting forest land: In southern my country, select mature golden locust trees with closed tree crowns as interplanting forest land; Step 2, applying basal fertilizer to golden sophora japonica and interplanting and harvesting of medicinal herbs under the forest: applying basal fertilizer to the mature golden sophora japonica forest by rotating furrows between plants and rows, choosing to apply basal fertilizer every two or three years, and the corresponding duration of a fertilization cycle is four and six years respectively, and selecting medicinal herbs with a length from planting to maturity and harvest equal to the length of the aforementioned fertilization cycle as the medicinal herb varieties for interplanting under the forest, and selecting the varieties of medicinal herbs under the forest: selecting the medicinal herb varieties under the forest according to the time interval for applying basal fertilizer to golden sophora japonica, selecting yellow flower water lotus as the interplanted medicinal herb variety for interplanting every two years, i.e., applying basal fertilizer every other year, selecting broad-leaved Mahonia as the interplanted medicinal herb variety for interplanting every three years, i.e., applying basal fertilizer every two years, and their seedlings are all two-year-old seedlings; Whether between plants or between rows, when applying base fertilizer to the mature golden locust forest, the relevant medicinal materials will be planted in the fertilizer ditch. After a fertilization cycle, when the ditch is opened and fertilized again, the original interplanted medicinal materials will be harvested and a new batch of medicinal materials will be planted again. The cycle will be repeated over and over again. Step 3: Other field management of the mature golden locust forest: carry out other field management of the mature golden locust forest according to traditional methods; The step 2 cooperates with the step 3, that is, step 3 is also performed during the implementation of step 2.

2. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of applying basal fertilizer to golden sophora japonica and interplanting and harvesting medicinal materials under the forest also includes the following steps: S2.1: Selection of understory medicinal materials; S2.2: Dig fertilizer trenches and apply base fertilizer; S2.3: Planting of medicinal herbs under forests; S2.4: Other field management of understory medicinal materials; S2.5: Harvesting of medicinal herbs under the forest and intercropping of new batches of medicinal herbs.

3. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: Planting of forest medicinal herbs as described in S2.3: Place the seedlings of the forest medicinal herbs to be interplanted in the fertilizer ditch described in S2.

2. For seedlings with shorter plants, pad soil under their roots to ensure that the plants can be exposed from the fertilizer ditch. Then straighten the seedlings one by one and continue to backfill the soil. When the soil just covers the roots of the seedlings, lift the seedlings lightly to stretch their roots. Finally, backfill all the soil and water them enough to allow the roots to take root. After 20 days, check and replant the seedlings and replace the dead plants.

4. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: Other field management of understory medicinal materials as described in S2.4: (1) Stem setting, tying and pruning of yellow water lily: Stem setting should be carried out immediately after planting. The stem setting height is 40-50 cm. If the plant height does not reach this height, it should be left until February of the following year. From the second year after planting, if the side branches cover the center line of the fertilizer ditch and obviously affect the walking of the tillers, the plants should be staked and tied to make the plants tilt toward the outside of the fertilizer ditch. At the same time, pruning should be carried out to reduce the impact on the walking of the tillers. (2) Pruning of broad-leaved Euonymus: Since the leaf edges of broad-leaved Euonymus have 2-6 coarse serrations on each side, the leaves that are over-extended and affect the walking of farmers should be pruned in time, or their coarse serrations should be cut off.

5. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S2.5 harvesting of understory medicinal materials and interplanting of new batches of medicinal materials: no matter between plants or between rows, after a cycle of fertilization, the interplanted water lily or broad-leaved Euonymus has reached the mature harvesting period. At this time, they are harvested in combination with a new round of trenching and basal fertilizer application. The medicinal part of water lily is mainly the root, which is harvested by digging according to the original fertilizer ditch position; the medicinal part of broad-leaved Euonymus is mainly the root and the stem. When harvesting, the stem is cut first, and then the root is dug according to the original fertilizer ditch position. After the harvesting is completed, the fertilizer ditch is tidied up according to the above method and new basal fertilizer is applied. At the same time, a new batch of water lily or broad-leaved Euonymus seedlings are interplanted in the fertilizer ditch.

6. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer ditch described in S2.2 is excavated according to the following standards: if the medicinal material to be interplanted in the fertilizer ditch is yellow water lily, the fertilizer ditch between the golden sophora plants is excavated with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm, and the fertilizer ditch between the rows is excavated with a width of 60-70 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm; if the medicinal material to be interplanted in the fertilizer ditch is broad-leaved Euonymus, the fertilizer ditch between the plants and between the rows of the golden sophora plants is excavated with a width of 50-60 cm and a depth of 40-50 cm.

7. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 3, characterized in that: If the understory medicinal material variety to be interplanted in S2.3 is yellow water lily, its seedlings are placed in the fertilizer ditch as follows: two rows of seedlings are placed in each fertilizer ditch with the plant positions staggered, with the large lateral roots of the seedlings facing the center line of the fertilizer ditch, each row of seedlings close to the left and right ditch walls of the fertilizer ditch, and the plant spacing is 50-60 cm.

8. The method for interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in a mature Sophora japonica forest according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2.3, if the understory medicinal material to be interplanted is broad-leaved Euonymus, its seedlings are placed in the fertilizer ditch as follows: a row of seedlings is placed in the center line of each fertilizer ditch, with a spacing of 70-80 cm between the seedlings.

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