Nasturtium planting method suitable for soil with gravel layer

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for planting nasturtiums, belonging to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting. The planting method of nasturtiums comprises the following steps: S1, primary soil preparation, in which a layer of base soil is filled at the bottom of the furrow during the primary soil preparation, with a thickness of 5 to 8 cm; S2, secondary soil preparation; S3, nasturtium seed germination; S4, sowing and seedling raising, in which a layer of covering soil is covered on the seeds after sowing, with a thickness of 2 to 4 cm; S5, transplanting the seedlings; S6, topdressing. The present invention effectively prevents water leakage in the gravel layer by laying the base soil on the gravel layer, thereby reducing the number of manual watering times during the seedling raising period; and by mixing the sandy loam with hay, the rate of reduction of the moisture content in the soil is further reduced. The hay improves the soil from weak alkalinity to acidity while providing organic matter to the soil, thereby increasing the planting yield of nasturtiums in sandy loam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a nasturtium planting method, in particular to a nasturtium planting method suitable for soil with a gravel layer under the soil. Background Art

[0002] Nasturtium is primarily grown in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, northern Henan, Liaoning, and western Jilin. It prefers a cool, humid environment and is relatively cold-resistant, growing on grassy slopes or under sparse forests at altitudes between 1,000 and 2,200 meters. It is best cultivated in organically rich sandy loam with a pH of 5 to 6. Nasturtium prefers moisture and requires ample water during its seedling stage. It is sensitive to waterlogging, and excessive watering can easily lead to root rot.

[0003] The northern part of North China has geographical coordinates of 115°53′55″~119°14′36″E, and 40°11′28″~42°37′04″N. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, with the northern part comprising a plateau and the central and southern parts comprising low and medium mountains and hills. The soil texture is moderate, with sandy loam accounting for approximately 93.945% of the total area. However, some areas of the soil contain a gravel layer, composed of coarse sand, gravel, or pebbles, generally occurring 20 to 50 cm below the surface. This gravel layer is prone to water and fertilizer leakage, which can also affect crop root development.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN109892177B discloses a method for direct-seeding short-petaled nasturtiums in cold regions at room temperature, which can improve germination rates. However, this method uses black soil as the planting soil, making it unsuitable for sandy loam. It also fails to address the problem of rapid water loss and nasturtium growth failure in the presence of gravel beneath the soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the gravel layer under the soil leaks water and fertilizer seriously, which easily causes the loss of water and nutrients in the upper soil layer, and is not conducive to the growth of nasturtium.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for planting nasturtium suitable for soil with a gravel layer, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Soil preparation in one go. The soil preparation method is as follows:

[0008] On sandy loam with a gravel layer at the bottom of the soil, part of the sandy loam is dug out, a layer of base soil is spread at the bottom of the resulting pit, and the dug sandy loam is mixed with hay and then filled in the pit to obtain soil that has been plowed once;

[0009] S2, performing a second soil preparation on the soil that has been plowed once to obtain a bed surface;

[0010] S3, taking the nasturtium seeds and accelerating germination to obtain the accelerated nasturtium seeds;

[0011] S4, sowing and raising seedlings to obtain golden lotus seedlings;

[0012] S5, transplanting seedlings;

[0013] S6. Top dressing.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the base soil is a mixture of clay and hay in a volume ratio of 10:1.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the thickness of the base soil is 5 to 8 cm.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the volume ratio of sandy loam to hay is 15:1.

[0017] Preferably, in step S4, the sowing and seedling raising method is:

[0018] Under the condition of an environmental temperature of 10-15°C, the germinated nasturtium seeds are mixed with 7-9 times the weight of the nasturtium seeds before germination, and the mixture is evenly spread on the bed surface. After sowing, the soil is evenly covered with 2-4 cm of topsoil. The topsoil is configured according to a volume ratio of sandy loam to hay of 8:1, compacted and watered. Water is applied every 4-8 days until the seeds germinate. The moisture content in the soil after the first watering is 70%-85%.

[0019] Preferably, in step S1, the depth of the bed pit is 35 to 43 cm, and the soil pH is 7.0 to 8.0 during the first soil preparation;

[0020] In step S2, the soil pH value is 6.5-7.0 during the secondary soil preparation;

[0021] In step S4, the pH value of the soil at the sowing location is 5.1 to 6.5 12 to 17 days after sowing.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the secondary soil preparation method is:

[0023] Half a month to one month after completing the soil preparation (i.e. early April of the first year), apply farmyard manure on the plowed soil, apply 160-240 kg of farmyard manure per mu, shallowly plow the soil, water it thoroughly, harrow and level the land, and make flat beds with a width of 118-122.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, the method for accelerating germination of trollius seeds is:

[0025] The nasturtium seeds were disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 1 wt%, rinsed with clean water until no potassium permanganate remained, soaked in a gibberellin solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L (referred to as GA3 solution) for 8 to 12 hours, rinsed with water until no gibberellin solution remained, and dried at room temperature to obtain germinated nasturtium seeds.

[0026] Preferably, in step S5, the transplanting method is:

[0027] In early spring one year after completing the soil preparation, when the ambient temperature is 10-15℃, apply 280-360kg / mu of farmyard manure to the tilled soil before seedlings are grown, turn the soil shallowly, water it thoroughly, harrow and level the land, make a flat bed with a width of 118-122cm, and obtain the bed surface;

[0028] Plant the golden lotus seedlings on the bed surface with a row spacing of 30cm×30cm; apply ammonium phosphate granular fertilizer five months after planting.

[0029] Preferably, in step S6, the topdressing method is:

[0030] Two years after completing the soil preparation, apply 280-360 kg of farmyard manure per mu for the first time on the bed where the golden lotus seedlings are planted; apply ammonium phosphate granular fertilizer five months after the first application of farmyard manure.

[0031] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0032] 1. During the first land preparation from early to mid-March, an optimal thickness of base soil is laid on the gravel layer, effectively preventing water and soil leakage from the gravel layer. The volume ratio of clay to hay in the base soil is 10:1. This ratio of hay allows nutrients such as humic acid released during the hay's decay to adhere to the gaps between clay particles, partially reacting with the various hydrous aluminosilicates in the hay, increasing the gaps between clay particles and enhancing aeration. At the same time, due to the production of humic acid and the content of hydrous aluminosilicates in the clay, the reaction between the two is relatively small, preventing the gaps between clay particles from expanding excessively, thereby ensuring its water and fertilizer retention capacity. The present invention utilizes a specific volume ratio of clay to hay to prepare the base soil, which can improve the stability of the clay and prevent water loss from the gravel layer. Hay itself also has a certain water absorption effect, which can replenish moisture to the soil, enable the upper loam to better retain moisture, reduce the amount of water used in a single irrigation, and extend the time that the soil moisture content is maintained at 70% to 85% after a single thorough irrigation, thereby saving water resources.

[0033] 2. The volume ratio of sandy loam to hay is 15:1. The decay of hay can provide organic matter to the soil, increase the organic matter content in sandy loam, improve soil quality, and be more conducive to the growth of nasturtium. The humic acid generated by the decay of hay can also improve the soil from alkaline to slightly acidic with a pH value of 5.1 to 6.5, which is more suitable for the growth of nasturtium. The second tillage should be done half a month to one month after the first tillage. Sandy loam and hay are the best ratio. This interval and hay ratio allow the hay to fully decay and release nutrients such as humic acid. At the same time, the second tillage can discharge the gases produced during the decay of hay that are not conducive to the growth of nasturtium from the soil without affecting the germination and growth of nasturtium.

[0034] 3. The thickness of the covering soil should be between 2 and 4 cm, and the volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil should be 8:1. Hay has a certain water-retaining effect, which can prevent rapid water loss in the soil. Covering the nasturtium seeds with hay can provide a certain degree of sunshade and moisturizing, thereby ensuring that the nasturtium seeds are in a good humidity environment during the germination stage, increasing the emergence rate of the nasturtium seeds and reducing seedling rot. The optimal proportion of hay in the covering soil is selected to achieve the best moisturizing effect of the covering soil, so that neither too much hay will cause seedling rot, nor too little hay will affect the soil moisture content and reduce the number of seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] The land selected for the embodiment and the comparative example of the present invention are adjacent to each other, have similar environmental conditions, and have sandy loam as the upper layer and a gravel layer 20 to 50 cm below the surface.

[0037] Example 1 A method for planting nasturtiums suitable for soil with a gravel layer

[0038] This embodiment is a method for planting nasturtiums suitable for soil with a gravel layer, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. One-time soil preparation

[0040] From early March to mid-March of the first year, choose 50m 2There is a sandy loam with a gravel layer at the bottom. At this time, the pH value of the sandy loam is 7.3. Part of the sandy loam is dug out, and the pit is 35 to 43 cm deep (the pit depth in this embodiment is 35 cm); a layer of 5 to 8 cm of base soil is laid on the bottom of the resulting pit (the base soil thickness in this embodiment is 8 cm), and the base soil is a mixture of clay and hay in a volume ratio of 10:1; the dug out sandy loam and hay are mixed in a volume ratio of 15:1, and the pit is filled after mixing.

[0041] S2. Secondary soil preparation

[0042] Half a month to one month after completing the soil preparation (i.e., early April of the first year), the pH value of the soil after the first tillage is 6.7. Farmyard manure is applied to the soil after the first tillage, and the standard for applying farmyard manure is 160-240 kg / mu (a total of 12 kg of farmyard manure is applied in this embodiment). The soil is shallowly plowed, watered once, and the land is raked and leveled to make a flat bed with a width of 118-122 cm (the bed width in this embodiment is 120 cm) to obtain a bed surface.

[0043] S3. Nasturtium seed germination

[0044] After the nasturtium seeds are disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution having a concentration of 1 wt%, they are rinsed with clean water until no potassium permanganate remains, and then soaked in a 500 mg / L GA3 solution for 8 to 12 hours (soaked for 12 hours in this embodiment). The nasturtium seeds are rinsed with water until no GA3 solution remains, and then dried at room temperature to obtain the germinated nasturtium seeds.

[0045] S4. Sowing and seedling raising

[0046] After the second soil preparation, when the temperature is 10-15°C, 0.15 kg of the accelerated nasturtium seeds (i.e., the standard dosage of the accelerated nasturtium seeds is 2 kg / mu) is mixed with 7-9 times the weight of the nasturtium seeds before germination (the dosage of fine wet sand in this embodiment is 1.2 kg), and the mixture is evenly spread on the bed surface. The soil is prepared according to the volume ratio of sandy loam and hay of 8:1. After sowing, the soil is evenly covered with 2-4 cm of soil (the thickness of the soil in this embodiment is 2 cm), compacted and watered. After the first watering after sowing, the soil moisture content at the seed site is controlled at 70%-85% (the soil moisture content in this embodiment is 85%). During the emergence of the nasturtium, water is applied every 8 days.

[0047] S5. Transplanting seedlings

[0048] From early March to mid-March of the second year (i.e. early spring of the second year, when the temperature is 10-15℃), choose 50m 2 The soil that has not been cultivated and has been tilled once (i.e., from early to mid-March of the first year, select two 50m 2There is a sandy loam with a gravel layer at the bottom, one piece of loam is used for seedling cultivation according to the above steps S1, S2, S3, and S4, and the other piece is subjected to soil preparation according to step S1, and then the following fertilization, shallow turning, watering, and land preparation operations are performed in accordance with the method of step S5 from early March to mid-March of the following year to level the bed for transplanting seedlings). The fertilization standard of farmyard manure is 280-360 kg / mu (20.9 kg of farmyard manure is applied in this embodiment), the soil is shallowly turned, watered once, and the land is raked and leveled to make a flat bed with a width of 118-122 cm (the bed width is 120 cm in this embodiment); the seedlings in step S4 are planted on the bed surface with a row spacing of 30 cm×30 cm, and phosphate ammonium granular fertilizer is applied at the end of July, with a topdressing standard of 150-200 kg / mu (the amount of phosphate ammonium granular fertilizer used in this embodiment is 11.2 kg).

[0049] S6. Topdressing

[0050] From early March to mid-March of the third year, 280-360 kg of farmyard manure is added per mu (20.9 kg of farmyard manure is applied in this embodiment); 150-200 kg of phosphate ammonium granular fertilizer is applied at the end of July (11.2 kg of phosphate ammonium granular fertilizer is used in this embodiment).

[0051] Examples 2 to 5 are applicable to the method for planting nasturtiums in which there is a gravel layer under the soil

[0052] The methods for growing nasturtiums in the presence of a gravel layer under the soil described in Examples 2 to 5 are basically the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being the amount of raw materials used and the process parameters, as shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] Comparative Examples 1 to 12

[0057] Comparative Examples 1 to 12 are comparative tests of Example 1. The soil conditions of the sandy loam with a gravel layer are basically the same as those of Example 1, with the only difference being that:

[0058] In Comparative Example 1, no base soil was laid, and the bed pits were directly filled with sandy loam and hay at a volume ratio of 15:1.

[0059] The thickness of the base soil in Comparative Example 2 is 2 cm.

[0060] The thickness of the base soil in Comparative Example 3 is 10 cm.

[0061] The depth of the pit in Comparative Example 4 was 25 cm.

[0062] The depth of the pit in Comparative Example 5 is 45 cm.

[0063] In Comparative Example 6, the volume ratio of clay to hay in the base soil was 10:2.

[0064] The volume ratio of clay to hay in the base soil of Comparative Example 7 was 15:1.

[0065] In Comparative Example 8, the volume ratio of sandy loam to hay was 15:3.

[0066] The soil cover thickness of Comparative Example 9 was 8 cm;

[0067] The soil covering thickness of Comparative Example 10 is 0 cm;

[0068] The volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil of Comparative Example 11 was 8:3;

[0069] The volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil of Comparative Example 12 was 12:1.

[0070] The following tests were carried out on Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 12 respectively:

[0071] 1. pH of the soil at the sowing site during the germination period of golden lotus seeds

[0072] Soil with a pH value of 5 to 6 is more conducive to the growth of nasturtiums. The pH of the soil at the surface on the day of the first soil preparation, the pH of the soil at the surface on the day of the second soil preparation, and the pH of the soil at the sowing site 12 to 17 days after sowing were tested. The depth of the measured soil from the surface and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Table 2 shows that before the first soil preparation, the soil was slightly alkaline. During the first soil preparation, the excavated sandy loam was mixed with hay. The hay naturally decomposed between the first and second soil preparations, producing humus that not only provided organic matter, making the soil more fertile, but also produced humic acid, making the soil slightly acidic and more suitable for the growth of nasturtiums. The higher the volume ratio of hay in the sandy loam used for cover and backfill, the better the soil acidification effect.

[0077] 2. Soil moisture test

[0078] The changes in soil moisture of the upper soil (ie, the soil at the seed location), the middle soil, and the bottom soil of each group within 1 to 8 days after the first watering in step S4 were measured respectively.

[0079] The upper soil layer is the soil 3 cm below the surface; the lower soil layer is the soil 3 cm above the deepest point of the first soil leveling; and the middle soil layer is the soil where the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer are equally divided. The specific measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0080] Table 3

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] 3. Number of rotten and living seedlings

[0084] Randomly select 10m from Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 12 2 For the land, the number of emerged seedlings, the number of rotten seedlings and the survival rate of seedlings were counted from the 25th day after sowing.

[0085] Number of seedlings = number of live seedlings + number of rotten seedlings;

[0086] Survival rate = number of surviving seedlings / number of emerged seedlings.

[0087] From the day of sowing to the emergence of the nasturtium seeds, each embodiment and comparative example was watered according to the longest watering interval. The specific watering method and statistical results are shown in Table 4.

[0088] Table 4

[0089]

[0090] 4. Harvesting

[0091] The planting methods of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 12 were used to harvest nasturtiums in the second and third years. The total weight of dried nasturtiums in the second year, the total weight of dried nasturtiums in the second year, and the total yield of dried nasturtiums were calculated, as shown in Table 5.

[0092] Table 5

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] It is important to note in Table 5 that soil covering was applied only during sowing; after transplanting, the soil was no longer covered. This means that after transplanting, the nasturtium growth environment in Comparative Examples 9-12 was similar to that in Example 1. Therefore, the dry nasturtium yield in Comparative Examples 9-12 was close to that in Examples 1-5.

[0096] The differences between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 are that Comparative Example 1 did not lay base soil, the base soil thickness of Comparative Example 2 was 2 cm, less than that of Example 1, and the base soil thickness of Comparative Example 3 was 10 cm, greater than that of Example 1. Analysis of the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 in conjunction with Tables 3, 4, and 5 reveals that when no base soil is laid or the base soil is too thin, the soil leaks severely, resulting in a small number of nasturtium seedlings emerging during the seedling emergence phase and a low nasturtium yield after transplanting. Excessively thick base soil does not result in a larger number of seedlings emerging and a higher yield. Therefore, the optimal base soil thickness is 5 to 8 cm.

[0097] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 is that the pit depth in Comparative Example 4 is 25 cm, which is smaller than that in Example 1; while the pit depth in Comparative Example 5 is 45 cm, which is larger than that in Example 1. Analyzing the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in conjunction with Tables 3, 4, and 5 shows that when the pit depth is too small, soil moisture is too high during the emergence phase, resulting in a large number of seedling rot. After transplanting, the pit depth is too shallow, which affects root development of the nasturtium and reduces yield. When the pit depth is too deep, the number of seedlings that emerge is slightly reduced, and yield is not increased. Therefore, the optimal pit depth is 35 to 43 cm.

[0098] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 is that the clay-to-hay volume ratio in the base soil of Comparative Example 6 is 10:2, which is higher than the hay ratio in Example 1; while the clay-to-hay volume ratio in the base soil of Comparative Example 7 is 15:1, which is lower than the hay ratio in Example 1. Analysis of the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7, combined with Tables 3, 4, and 5, shows that when the hay ratio in the base soil is too high, the number of seedlings emerging during the emergence period decreases slightly, the number of rotten seedlings increases, and the yield of nasturtiums does not increase. When the hay ratio in the base soil is too low, the number of seedlings emerging during the emergence period decreases significantly, reducing the yield. Therefore, the optimal clay-to-hay ratio in the base soil is 10:1.

[0099] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 8 is that the ratio of sandy loam to hay used in the backfill in Comparative Example 8 was 15:3, which was higher than that in Example 1. Analysis of the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 8 in conjunction with Tables 3, 4, and 5 shows that when the hay ratio in the sandy loam was high, the number of seedlings emerging during the emergence period was low. This is because the hay in the sandy loam was not completely decomposed, and the harmful gases produced by the decomposition of the hay after sowing affected the number of nasturtium seedlings emerging.

[0100] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 9 and 10 is that the soil cover thickness in Comparative Example 9 is 8 cm, which is greater than that in Example 1; while Comparative Example 10 does not have soil cover. Analysis of the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 9 and 10 in conjunction with Tables 3, 4, and 5 shows that when the soil cover is too thick, the soil moisture content decreases more slowly, resulting in the inability of the nasturtium seeds to emerge and a decrease in the number of seedlings that emerge. When no soil cover is used, soil moisture rapidly drains away, making it impossible to provide sufficient moisture for the nasturtium seeds, which seriously affects the number of seedlings that emerge. Therefore, the optimal soil cover thickness is 2 to 4 cm.

[0101] The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 11 and 12 is that the volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil of Comparative Example 11 is 8:3, and the hay ratio is greater than the hay ratio of Example 1; the volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil of Comparative Example 12 is 12:1, and the hay ratio is less than the hay ratio of Example 1. Analyzing the experimental results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 11 and 12 in combination with Tables 3, 4, and 5, it can be seen that when the proportion of hay in the covering soil is too high, the covering soil has a good moisturizing effect on the soil and the moisture content in the soil is too high, resulting in an excessive number of rotten seedlings during the emergence period, seriously reducing the number of live seedlings and the live seedling rate; when the proportion of hay in the covering soil is too low, the moisturizing effect of the covering soil is poor, and it is impossible to provide suitable soil moisture for the golden lotus seeds, which reduces the number of seedlings emerging. Therefore, the optimal volume ratio of sandy loam to hay in the covering soil is 8:1.

[0102] Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting nasturtiums suitable for soils with a gravel layer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Primary soil preparation: the primary soil preparation method is as follows: On sandy loam with a gravel layer at the bottom of the soil, a portion of the sandy loam is dug out to form a pit, the pit having a depth of 35 to 43 cm, and a layer of base soil is laid at the bottom of the pit, the base soil being a mixture of clay and hay in a volume ratio of 10:1, the base soil having a thickness of 5 to 8 cm, and the dug sandy loam is then mixed with hay and the pit is filled to form single-tillage soil; the volume ratio of the sandy loam to hay is 15:1; S2, performing a second soil preparation on the soil that has been plowed once to obtain a bed surface; S3, taking the nasturtium seeds and accelerating germination to obtain the accelerated nasturtium seeds; S4. Under an ambient temperature of 10-15° C., the accelerated-germination trollius seeds were mixed with fine wet sand, and the seeds were evenly sown on the bed surface obtained in step S2. After sowing, the seeds were evenly covered with 2-4 cm of soil, compacted and watered, and watered every 4-8 days until the seeds emerged. The weight of the fine wet sand is 7 to 9 times the weight of the nasturtium seeds before germination, the covering soil is prepared according to a volume ratio of sandy loam to hay of 8:1, and the moisture content of the soil after the first watering is 70% to 85%; S5, transplanting seedlings; S6. Top dressing.

2. The method for planting nasturtiums according to claim 1, wherein the method is suitable for soils with a gravel layer below the soil. In step S1, the soil pH is 7.0-8.0 during the first soil preparation; In step S2, the soil pH value is 6.5-7.0 during the secondary soil preparation; In step S4, the pH value of the soil at the sowing location is 5.1-6.5 12-17 days after sowing.

3. The method for planting nasturtiums according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the secondary soil preparation method is: Half a month to one month after completing the soil preparation, apply farmyard manure on the plowed soil, 160-240 kg of farmyard manure per mu, shallowly plow the soil, water it thoroughly, harrow and level the land, and make flat beds with a width of 118-122 cm.

4. The method for planting nasturtiums according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the method for accelerating germination of the trollius seeds is: The nasturtium seeds are disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 1wt%, rinsed with clean water until no potassium permanganate remains, soaked in a gibberellin solution with a concentration of 500mg / L for 8-12 hours, rinsed with water until no gibberellin solution remains, and dried at room temperature to obtain germinated nasturtium seeds.

5. The method for planting nasturtiums according to claim 1, which is suitable for soils with gravel layers, is characterized in that: In step S5, the transplanting method is: One year after completing the soil preparation, when the ambient temperature is 10-15°C, apply 280-360 kg / mu of farmyard manure to the soil after the first tillage before seedling cultivation, shallowly turn the soil, water it once, harrow and level the land, make a flat bed with a width of 118-122 cm, and obtain a bed surface; The nasturtium seedlings were planted on the bed surface with a row spacing of 30 cm×30 cm; and phosphate ammonium granular fertilizer was applied five months after planting.

6. The method for planting nasturtiums according to claim 1, which is suitable for soils with gravel layers, is characterized in that: In step S6, the topdressing method is: Two years after completing the soil preparation, apply 280-360 kg of farmyard manure per mu for the first time on the bed where the golden lotus seedlings are planted; apply ammonium phosphate granular fertilizer five months after the first application of farmyard manure.

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