Method of ore washing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of washing mineral method, it is related to mineral processing technical field, the washing mineral method includes: the scrubbing operation is carried out to target mineral, to obtain initial ore pulp;Initial ore pulp is separated to obtain clean sand and slurry liquid containing mud;Slurry liquid containing mud is concentrated filter pressing operation, to obtain clean water and mineral mud impurities.The washing mineral method disclosed in the application organically combines scrubbing system, separation system, concentration filter pressing system, realizes the short process of mineral desliming cleaning process, and replaces the traditional single washing separation mode with the combination of efficient scrubbing and multiple separation equipment, solves a series of technical problems such as the current sand cleaning is not thorough, desliming efficiency is low, desliming is not complete, fine particle sand is easy to lose in slurry.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a mineral washing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the mineral processing engineering industry, the existence of slime brings many inconveniences to the separation and purification of minerals, for example, a large amount of reagents are consumed in the flotation process, and the flotation environment is deteriorated; in the electrical separation process, the slime is easy to cover on the surface of the mineral, reducing the difference in conductivity between the conductor mineral and the non-conductor mineral, increasing the difficulty of separation, and increasing the mutual inclusion of conductor and non-conductor products, and even the effective separation of conductor mineral and non-conductor mineral cannot be realized. Therefore, it is of great significance to scrub and clean the surface of the mineral to eliminate the slime before the separation of the mineral.

[0003] The scrubbing and desliming of blocky or particulate minerals larger than 2mm is relatively easy, and a simple treatment with a general washing machine can achieve relatively complete scrubbing, while the scrubbing and desliming of fine particulate minerals smaller than 2mm is relatively difficult; for the scrubbing of fine particulate minerals, the current devices such as sand washing machines are usually used, and the scrubbing strength is low, the slime (usually referring to the ore with a particle size of 0.005~0.01mm) is not easy to fall off from the surface of the mineral, and the finer particulate minerals smaller than 0.1mm are easy to be lost in the slime, and the separation of fine particulate sand and slime is not complete.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the current washing and desliming process, especially the problems existing in the washing and desliming process of fine particulate minerals smaller than 2mm, a high-efficiency scrubbing and desliming process is proposed, which is of great significance to improve the cleaning and desliming efficiency of fine particulate minerals. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a mineral washing method, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing washing process is difficult to realize deep and efficient cleaning and desliming of fine particulate minerals.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A mineral washing method applied to a mineral washing device, the mineral washing method comprising:

[0008] performing a scrubbing operation on target minerals to obtain an initial ore slurry;

[0009] performing a separation operation on the initial ore slurry to obtain clean sand and a slime-containing slurry;

[0010] performing a concentration and pressure filtration operation on the slime-containing slurry to obtain clean water and slime impurities.

[0011] Further, the step of performing a scrubbing operation on target minerals to obtain an initial ore slurry comprises:

[0012] performing a primary screening feeding operation on the target mineral to obtain target mineral sand;

[0013] performing a scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand to obtain the initial mineral slurry.

[0014] Further, the ore washing device comprises a scrubbing machine, a washing aid supply device, and a scrubbing medium; the scrubbing medium is arranged in the scrubbing machine;

[0015] The step of performing a scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand comprises:

[0016] Starting the scrubbing machine;

[0017] Transporting the target mineral sand and a corresponding proportion of water into the scrubbing machine;

[0018] Injecting a target washing aid into the scrubbing machine through the washing aid supply device;

[0019] Under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine, the target mineral sand is scrubbed by the scrubbing medium and the washing aid together.

[0020] Further, the scrubbing machine comprises a barrel, a stirring mechanism, and a flow baffle; the flow baffle is arranged on the inner barrel wall of the barrel, and the stirring mechanism and the scrubbing medium are arranged in the barrel;

[0021] The step of performing a scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine by the scrubbing medium and the washing aid together comprises:

[0022] Under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine, the target mineral sand in the barrel collides and rubs with the scrubbing medium and the flow baffle, thereby performing a scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand.

[0023] Further, the ore washing device comprises a feeding hopper, a vibrating screen, a vibrator, and a quantitative feeding device; the vibrating screen is arranged at the feeding end of the feeding hopper, the vibrator is installed on the side wall of the feeding hopper, and the quantitative feeding device is arranged at the discharging end of the feeding hopper;

[0024] The step of performing a primary screening feeding operation on the target mineral to obtain target mineral sand comprises:

[0025] Performing a primary screening operation on the target mineral through the vibrating screen, so that the target mineral sand obtained by primary screening enters the feeding hopper;

[0026] Turning on the vibrator to discharge the target mineral sand in the feeding hopper onto the quantitative feeding device;

[0027] The target ore sand is quantitatively fed into the scrubbing machine through the quantitative feeding device.

[0028] Further, the ore washing device comprises a dewatering screen; the step of separating the initial ore slurry to obtain clean ore sand and slurry containing mud comprises:

[0029] The initial ore slurry is injected into the dewatering screen to perform a re-screening operation on the initial ore slurry through the dewatering screen, so as to separate the clean ore sand and the slurry containing mud from each other.

[0030] Further, the ore washing device comprises a cyclone and a desliming bucket; the inlet end of the cyclone is in communication with the outlet end of the dewatering screen, and the overflow end of the cyclone is in communication with the inlet end of the desliming bucket;

[0031] After the step of performing a re-screening operation on the initial ore slurry through the dewatering screen to separate the clean ore sand and the slurry containing mud from each other, the step comprises:

[0032] The slurry containing mud separated by the re-screening operation is transported into the cyclone to perform a cyclone separation operation on the slurry containing mud;

[0033] The first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation is transported into the desliming bucket to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry;

[0034] The step of performing a concentration pressure filtration operation on the slurry containing mud comprises:

[0035] The second slurry separated by the desliming operation is subjected to the concentration pressure filtration operation.

[0036] Further, the underflow end of the cyclone is in communication with the inlet end of the dewatering screen, and the underflow end of the desliming bucket is in communication with the inlet end of the dewatering screen;

[0037] After the step of transporting the slurry containing mud separated by the re-screening operation into the cyclone to perform a cyclone separation operation on the slurry containing mud, the step comprises:

[0038] The first settled sand separated by the cyclone separation operation is transported into the dewatering screen to perform the re-screening operation on the first settled sand;

[0039] After the step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming bucket to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the step comprises:

[0040] The second settled sand separated by the desliming operation is transported into the dewatering screen to perform the re-screening operation on the second settled sand.

[0041] Further, the ore washing device comprises a thickening tank and a filter press; the inlet end of the thickening tank is communicated with the overflow end of the desliming tank, and the underflow end of the thickening tank is communicated with the inlet end of the filter press;

[0042] The step of performing the thickening and filtering operation on the second slurry separated by the desliming operation comprises:

[0043] The second slurry separated by the desliming operation is transported into the thickening tank to perform a thickening operation on the second slurry;

[0044] The first ore slurry impurities obtained by the thickening operation are transported into the filter press to perform a filter pressing operation on the first ore slurry impurities, so as to obtain second ore slurry impurities.

[0045] Further, the overflow end of the thickening tank is communicated with the scrubbing machine, and the filtrate output end of the filter press is communicated with the scrubbing machine;

[0046] After the step of transporting the second slurry separated by the desliming operation into the thickening tank to perform a thickening operation on the second slurry, the method further comprises:

[0047] The first clean water separated by the thickening operation is transported into the scrubbing machine for the scrubbing operation;

[0048] After the step of transporting the first ore slurry impurities obtained by the thickening operation into the filter press to perform a filter pressing operation on the first ore slurry impurities, so as to obtain second ore slurry impurities, the method further comprises:

[0049] The second clean water separated by the filter pressing operation is transported into the scrubbing machine for the scrubbing operation.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0051] The washing method provided by the present application can efficiently and completely remove the slime covering the target mineral after the scrubbing operation, so that the target mineral is not adsorbed on the surface of the target mineral, and the deep cleaning of the target mineral is realized; the initial ore slurry formed by mixing the scrubbing liquid in the scrubbing operation can be further separated to realize the efficient separation of the ore sand and the slime, so that the clean ore sand from which the slime is completely removed and the slurry containing the slime impurities are obtained; the clean ore sand can be used in subsequent use, and the slurry containing the slime impurities is further concentrated and pressure-filtered to realize the dewatering treatment of the slime, so that the clean water and the slime impurities containing a small amount of water are separated, so that the unified cleaning of the slime impurities is facilitated, and the clean water can be recycled in the system for the foregoing operation (such as the scrubbing operation). The present application organically combines the scrubbing system, the separation system and the concentration and pressure filtration system to realize the short process of the mineral desliming and cleaning process, and replaces the traditional single washing and separation mode with the efficient scrubbing and multiple separation equipment combined mode, so that a series of technical problems such as incomplete cleaning of the ore sand, low desliming efficiency, incomplete desliming and easy loss of the fine particle ore sand in the slime are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 The operation flowchart of the washing method of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0054] Figure 2 The device structure diagram of the washing method of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0056]

[0057] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0059] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directionality indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directionality indication is only used to explain the relative position relationship, motion condition, etc. between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directionality indication also changes accordingly.

[0060] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions such as "first", "second", etc., the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, "and / or" or "and / or" appearing throughout the text means that the three parallel schemes are included, for example, "A and / or B" includes A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B simultaneously satisfy the scheme. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on that the technical solutions can be realized by ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0061] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiments of the present application provide a washing method applied to a washing device, the washing method comprising:

[0062] The target mineral is subjected to scrubbing operation to obtain initial ore pulp; wherein the scrubbing system 2 for performing scrubbing operation can include a scrubbing machine 21, a washing agent adding device and a scrubbing medium;

[0063] The initial ore pulp is subjected to separation operation to obtain clean sand and slurry containing mud; wherein the separation system for performing separation operation can include a dewatering screen 31, a cyclone 32, a desliming bucket 33, a sand pump, etc.

[0064] The slurry containing mud is subjected to concentration pressure filtration operation to obtain clean water and mud impurities; wherein the mud treatment system for performing concentration pressure filtration operation can include a high-efficiency concentration device with a concentration bucket 41, a pressure filter 42, a sand pump, etc.

[0065] In the specific implementation process, after the scrubbing operation, the slime covering the surface of the target mineral can be efficiently and completely removed and no longer adsorbed on the surface of the target mineral, thereby realizing the deep cleaning of the target mineral; the target mineral mixed with the scrubbing liquid becomes the initial slurry in the scrubbing operation, and the initial slurry can further realize efficient separation of the mineral sand and the slime after the separation operation, thereby obtaining clean mineral sand from which the slime has been completely removed and slime-containing slurry mixed with the slime impurities; the clean mineral sand can be put into subsequent use, and the slime-containing slurry is further subjected to the concentration and pressure filtration operation to realize the dewatering treatment of the slime, thereby separating clean water and slime impurities containing a small amount of water, so that the unified cleaning of the slime impurities can be facilitated, and the clean water can be returned to the system for recycling in the foregoing operation (such as the scrubbing operation). The scrubbing system 2, the separation system 3, and the concentration and pressure filtration system 4 are organically combined in the embodiment to realize the short-process mineral desliming cleaning process, and the efficient scrubbing of a plurality of separation devices is combined to replace the traditional single washing separation mode, thereby solving a series of technical problems such as incomplete cleaning of the mineral sand, low desliming efficiency, incomplete desliming, and easy loss of fine-grained mineral sand in the slime.

[0066] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In an exemplary embodiment, the step of performing the scrubbing operation on the target mineral to obtain the initial slurry includes:

[0067] performing the initial screening feeding operation on the target mineral to obtain the target mineral sand;

[0068] performing the scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand to obtain the initial slurry.

[0069] Optionally, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 the washing device includes a scrubbing machine 21, a washing aid supply device, and a scrubbing medium; the scrubbing medium is arranged in the scrubbing machine 21;

[0070] the step of performing the scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand includes:

[0071] starting the scrubbing machine 21;

[0072] delivering the target mineral sand and water in a corresponding proportion into the scrubbing machine 21;

[0073] injecting the target washing aid into the scrubbing machine 21 through the washing aid supply device;

[0074] under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine 21, the target mineral sand is scrubbed by the scrubbing medium and the washing aid.

[0075] Optionally, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2The scrubbing machine 21 comprises a barrel, a stirring mechanism and a baffle; the baffle is arranged on the inner barrel wall of the barrel, and the stirring mechanism and the scrubbing medium are arranged in the barrel;

[0076] Under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine 21, the target mineral sand is scrubbed by the scrubbing medium and the washing agent in the step of scrubbing operation, which comprises:

[0077] Under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine 21, the target mineral sand in the barrel is driven to collide and rub with the scrubbing medium and the baffle, so as to perform the scrubbing operation on the target mineral sand.

[0078] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ore washing device comprises a feeding hopper 12, a vibrating screen 11, a vibrator and a quantitative feeding device 13; the vibrating screen 11 is arranged at the feeding end of the feeding hopper 12, the vibrator is installed on the side wall of the feeding hopper 12, and the quantitative feeding device 13 is arranged at the discharging end of the feeding hopper 12;

[0079] The step of performing the primary screening and feeding operation on the target mineral to obtain the target mineral sand comprises:

[0080] The target mineral is subjected to the primary screening operation by the vibrating screen 11, so that the target mineral sand obtained by the primary screening enters the feeding hopper 12;

[0081] The vibrator is turned on, and the target mineral sand in the feeding hopper 12 is discharged onto the quantitative feeding device 13;

[0082] The target mineral sand is quantitatively fed into the scrubbing machine 21 by the quantitative feeding device 13; wherein, after being quantitatively distributed by the quantitative feeding device 13, the target mineral sand can be conveyed into the scrubbing machine 21 by the belt conveyor 14.

[0083] Specifically, the vibrating screen 11 can be a bar screen, the distance between two adjacent bars in the bar screen can be 5-10 cm, and the bar screen can be installed on the feeding hopper 12 at an inclination angle of 30-40°; the feeding hopper 12 can be made of steel; the vibrator can be an electromagnetic vibrator or a pneumatic vibrator; the quantitative feeding device 13 can be a screw quantitative feeding scale or a belt quantitative feeding scale.

[0084] Through the primary screening and feeding operation of the above-mentioned feeding system 1, the large impurities and other large impurities in the target mineral can be separated, the target mineral is screened into the target mineral sand, and the target mineral sand can be quantitatively and automatically fed into the scrubbing system 2 for scrubbing operation.

[0085] In the above scrubbing system 2, the barrel can be two and arranged as a regular octahedron structure, the two barrels share one side wall, the bottom of the shared side wall is provided with a communication hole of 300*300mm~500*500mm, the upper part of the first barrel is provided with a feeding port, the upper part of the second barrel is provided with a discharging port, the center of each wall surface of the barrel side wall is vertically provided with a baffle, the width of the baffle can be 0.03~0.1 of the diameter of the inscribed circle of the barrel, the lower edge of the baffle can be consistent with the upper edge of the communication hole of the barrel bottom, and the upper edge of the baffle is 15~25cm away from the lower edge of the feeding port and the discharging port of the barrel.

[0086] The stirring mechanism can include a motor, a belt pulley, a stirring shaft, stirring paddles and a support, the support is fixed on the barrel, the stirring shaft is connected with the belt pulley and fixed on the support to ensure that the stirring shaft is located at the center of the barrel, the stirring paddles are divided into upper and lower stirring paddles, the upper stirring paddle is a downward pressing type, and the lower stirring paddle is an upward lifting type, and the upper and lower stirring paddles are respectively fixed on the stirring shaft; the motor is fixed on the support, the motor is connected with the belt pulley on the stirring paddles through a belt, and the motor can adopt frequency conversion control.

[0087] Based on the structure of the barrel being a regular octahedron and the arrangement of the baffles, the tangential flow in rotation can be converted into radial flow and axial flow, so that the vortex generated in the scrubbing operation process can be better eliminated, the main circulation of the ore pulp can be improved, the degree of turbulence can be increased, the stirring effect can be improved, and the fluctuation of the stirring load can be reduced, so that the power consumption can be kept stable.

[0088] The structure of the upper stirring paddle being a downward pressing type and the lower stirring paddle being an upward lifting type can effectively enhance the collision probability and scrubbing intensity of the target ore sand and improve the scrubbing efficiency.

[0089] The motor adopts frequency conversion control, which can be targeted to adjust the parameters according to the material properties and solid-liquid ratio content to meet the needs of strong scrubbing and energy saving.

[0090] Optionally, the scrubbing machine 21 can be used in single or multiple series, when used in single, the material (including the target ore sand before scrubbing and the initial ore pulp after scrubbing) forms a "U" type flow in the scrubbing machine 21, which can eliminate the short circuit flow; when used in multiple series, the material (including the target ore sand before scrubbing and the initial ore pulp after scrubbing) forms a "W" type flow in the scrubbing machine 21, the scrubbing path of the material is longer, which can improve the processing capacity and further improve the scrubbing efficiency.

[0091] The scrubbing medium can be made of a modified high polymer material with good wear resistance, and the material density is 0.9~1.2g / cm 3; in this density range, the scrubbing medium is easy to form a suspended state in the barrel, and can be evenly distributed in the upper, middle and lower slurry of the scrubbing machine 21, increasing the collision and friction probability and intensity of the mineral sand particles and the scrubbing medium; optionally, the scrubbing medium adopts a regular hexahedron form with an inscribed circle radius of 1-9 cm, in the stirring process, the target mineral sand collides and rubs with the scrubbing medium, accompanied by collision and friction between the scrubbing media, which can increase the friction intensity of the target mineral sand, making the slime covering the surface of the target mineral sand more easily fall off, and at the same time, the main face contact is formed when the scrubbing media collide, which can maximize the protection of mineral sand particles from being crushed, avoiding the generation of secondary slime and the loss of mineral sand.

[0092] The target detergent is composed of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate and oleate in a certain mass ratio. Preferably, the target detergent is composed of sodium carbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate and oleate in a mass ratio of (0.1-0.3):(0.5-1.5):(0.3-0.8) in the form of single, two combinations and three combinations, and the amount is 100-2500 g per ton of mineral sand.

[0093] The target detergent has the following effects in the scrubbing operation: 1. etching the surface cracks of the mineral sand, changing the surface charge of the mineral sand, and promoting the detachment of the cracks and the surface adsorbed slime; 2. reducing the viscosity of the slurry and enhancing the fluidity of the slurry; 3. dispersing the mineral sand and slime to avoid the re-adsorption of the slime on the surface of the mineral sand.

[0094] Through the special structure of the barrel, combined with the multiple effects of the flow baffle, the stirring mechanism, the scrubbing medium and the target detergent, the detachment of the slime covering the surface of the target mineral sand is strengthened, achieving the effect of efficiently cleaning the target mineral sand, and at the same time, because the target detergent changes the viscosity of the slurry and the dispersibility of the slime, it creates good conditions for efficient and sufficient desliming of the desliming system.

[0095] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ore washing equipment comprises a dewatering screen 31; the step of separating the initial slurry to obtain clean mineral sand and slime-containing slurry liquid comprises:

[0096] The initial slurry is injected into the dewatering screen 31 to perform a re-screening operation on the initial slurry through the dewatering screen 31, so as to separate the clean mineral sand and the slime-containing slurry liquid from each other.

[0097] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ore washing equipment comprises a cyclone 32 and a desliming bucket 33; the inlet end of the cyclone 32 is in communication with the under-screen discharge end of the dewatering screen 31, and the overflow end of the cyclone 32 is in communication with the inlet end of the desliming bucket 33;

[0098] After the step of separating the slime-containing slurry separated by the re-screening operation into the cyclone 32 to perform a cyclone separation operation on the slime-containing slurry, the method further comprises:

[0099] After the step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming tank 33 to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the method further comprises:

[0100] The step of performing a thickening and pressure filtration operation on the slime-containing slurry separated by the re-screening operation comprises:

[0101] The step of performing a thickening and pressure filtration operation on the second slurry separated by the desliming operation.

[0102] The step of transporting the slime-containing slurry separated by the re-screening operation into the cyclone 32 to perform a cyclone separation operation on the slime-containing slurry, the method further comprises:

[0103] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the underflow end of the cyclone 32 is in communication with the feed end of the dewatering screen 31, and the underflow end of the desliming tank 33 is in communication with the feed end of the dewatering screen 31;

[0104] After the step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming tank 33 to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the method further comprises:

[0105] The step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming tank 33 to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the method further comprises:

[0106] After the step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming tank 33 to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the method further comprises:

[0107] The step of transporting the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation into the desliming tank 33 to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry, the method further comprises:

[0108] The dewatering screen 31, the cyclone 32, and the desliming tank 33 in the separation system 3 form a closed circuit system. The initial slurry after the scrubbing operation flows into the dewatering screen 31, and two products, a screen upper product and a screen lower product, are obtained. The screen upper product is clean ore sand, and the screen lower product is a slime-containing slurry (slime-containing slurry) containing slime and fine ore sand.

[0109] For the undersize slurry, it can be pumped into the hydrocyclone 32 by the suction pump for cyclone separation operation; the underflow (first settled sand) separated by the cyclone separation operation in the hydrocyclone 32 is returned to the dewatering screen 31 for re-screening operation, and the overflow (first slurry) separated by the cyclone separation operation in the hydrocyclone 32 is transported to the desliming tank 33 for desliming operation; wherein the desliming tank 33 can be a type of inclined plate (inclined tube) desliming tank; after the desliming operation, the underflow of the desliming tank 33 is the finer particle sand (second settled sand) entrained in the overflow of the hydrocyclone 32, which can be pumped into the dewatering screen 31 by the suction pump for re-screening operation; and the overflow of the desliming tank 33 is the slurry containing mud (second slurry), which is pumped to the thickening pressure filtration system 4 for further desliming and thickening operation.

[0110] Alternatively, the hydrocyclone 32 can be a multi-cone thickening and desliming type hydrocyclone with a diameter of 50-250 mm, which has high sand concentration, less sand entrainment, less fine sand entrainment in overflow, high efficiency of sand and slurry separation; the inclined plate (inclined tube) desliming tank is provided with an upward flow, which can realize accurate separation of sand and slurry by adjusting the flow of upward flow and the opening degree of underflow valve, effectively reducing the sand in overflow, and realizing efficient desliming.

[0111] In the above separation system 3, the initial slurry after the scrubbing operation flows to the feed hopper of the dewatering screen 31, and the initial slurry is uniformly distributed along the width direction of the dewatering screen 31; the coarse particles in the initial slurry have a fast settling speed, and the fine particles have a slow settling speed; the coarse particles larger than the screen hole of the dewatering screen 31 preferentially settle on the screen surface of the dewatering screen 31 to form a uniform thickness cushion layer, which is an effective filter layer; the slurry containing mud in the initial slurry can quickly pass through the cushion layer and penetrate the screen hole to enter the undersize; the fine particle sand is protected by the cushion layer and almost does not penetrate the screen hole to enter the undersize; with the movement of the dewatering screen 31, the sand is discharged from the screen discharge end of the dewatering screen 31, and becomes clean sand (clean sand) without mud.

[0112] A small amount of sand smaller than the screen hole of the dewatering screen 31 will inevitably enter the undersize of the dewatering screen 31, which can be further separated from the slurry by the cyclone separation of the hydrocyclone 32; most of the sand is recovered by the hydrocyclone 32 and discharged from the underflow end of the hydrocyclone 32 to return to the dewatering screen 31, and a small part of finer particles enter the overflow end of the hydrocyclone 32; the overflow of the hydrocyclone 32 enters the desliming tank 33 for further recovery, the overflow of the desliming tank 33 is the slurry containing mud without sand, and the underflow of the desliming tank 33 is mainly high-concentration fine-grained sand. The underflow of the hydrocyclone 32 and the underflow of the desliming tank 33 are returned to the middle position of the dewatering screen 31, where a certain thickness of cushion layer has been formed on the dewatering screen 31, which can better protect the fine particle sand from entering the undersize, thereby realizing efficient recovery of fine particle sand.

[0113] Based on the above separation system 3 and the corresponding separation method, the dewatering screen 31, the cyclone 32 and the desliming bucket 33 are organically combined by using respective characteristics to form a closed circuit, which can not only efficiently and thoroughly separate the ore sand and the ore slurry, but also ensure the recovery of the ore sand, and achieve clean, energy-saving and environmental protection.

[0114] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ore washing device comprises a thickening bucket 41 and a filter press 42; the feed end of the thickening bucket 41 is in communication with the overflow end of the desliming bucket 33, and the underflow end of the thickening bucket 41 is in communication with the feed end of the filter press 42;

[0115] The step of performing a thickening and filter pressing operation on the second slurry separated by the desliming operation comprises:

[0116] The second slurry separated by the desliming operation is transported into the thickening bucket 41 to perform a thickening operation on the second slurry;

[0117] The first ore slurry impurities obtained by the thickening operation are transported into the filter press 42 to perform a filter pressing operation on the first ore slurry impurities, and the second ore slurry impurities are obtained.

[0118] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the overflow end of the thickening bucket 41 is in communication with the scrubbing machine 21, and the filtrate output end of the filter press 42 is in communication with the scrubbing machine 21;

[0119] After the step of transporting the second slurry separated by the desliming operation into the thickening bucket 41 to perform a thickening operation on the second slurry, the method further comprises:

[0120] The first clean water separated by the thickening operation is transported into the scrubbing machine 21 for scrubbing operation;

[0121] After the step of transporting the first ore slurry impurities obtained by the thickening operation into the filter press 42 to perform a filter pressing operation on the first ore slurry impurities, and obtaining the second ore slurry impurities, the method further comprises:

[0122] The second clean water separated by the filter pressing operation is transported into the scrubbing machine 21 for scrubbing operation.

[0123] In the specific implementation process, after the ore slurry containing ore slurry (second slurry) enters the thickening bucket 41 for thickening operation, the high-concentration ore slurry generated at the underflow end of the thickening bucket 41 is pumped into the filter press 42 for filter pressing operation to obtain low-water ore slurry (i.e. filter cake) which is easy to clean and recycle; the overflow of the thickening bucket 41 is clean water (first clean water), which is pumped back into the system corresponding to the aforementioned operation together with the filtrate (second clean water) of the filter press 42 for recycling, for example, it can be pumped back into the scrubbing machine 21 and used for scrubbing operation, so that energy-saving production can be realized.

[0124] The ore washing method provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0125] I. Through the joint action of the octahedral cylinder scrubbing machine 21, the flow baffle, the stirring mechanism, the scrubbing medium and the target detergent, the scrubbing is strengthened, the viscosity is reduced, the slurry is dispersed, the surface of the ore sand is deeply cleaned, the secondary adsorption of the slurry on the surface of the ore sand is avoided, and good conditions are created for the separation of the ore sand and the slurry;

[0126] II. Based on the particle size difference of the ore sand itself, the particle size and specific gravity difference of the ore sand and the slurry, the dehydration screen 31, the cyclone 32 and the slurry removal hopper 33 are accurately matched, the respective characteristics are organically combined, a closed circuit is formed, the high-efficiency cooperation of the devices is realized, the ore sand and the slurry are accurately separated, the ore sand with high cleanliness is obtained, the influence of the slurry on the ore sand selection operation is eliminated, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced;

[0127] III. The process flow is compact and simple, the feeding system 1, the scrubbing system 2, the separation system 3 and the thickening pressure filtration system 4 are organically connected, the full-automatic control can be realized by appropriately increasing automatic control valves, material level meters, flow meters and the like, the coherent operation of the devices and the high-efficiency production are realized, and the overall cost is reduced.

[0128] The ore washing method provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0129] The following is an actual application case for proving the beneficial effects of the technical scheme of the present application:

[0130] The beach sand titanium ore in Australia is rich in ilmenite (TiFeO3), rutile (TiO2), zircon (Zr(Hf)O2) and other valuable metal minerals, and the particle size is mainly distributed in the range of 0.5-0.05 mm, and the slime is mainly iron-containing slime with a particle size of less than 0.02 mm. In order to separate and purify these metal minerals, dry magnetic and electric separation methods are finally used for processing. The existence of the slime has a great influence on the magnetic conductivity and electrical conductivity of the minerals, especially the iron-containing slime. The iron-containing slime and the magnetic conductive material also have electrical conductivity. When the iron-containing slime is adsorbed on the surface of the mineral sand, the magnetic and electrical differences between the magnetic conductive material and the non-magnetic conductive material, and the electrical conductive material and the non-electrical conductive material are small, which has a great influence on the separation and purification of the magnetic and electric separation. Therefore, before processing the type of ore, the ore washing and desliming treatment is needed. A certain mineral processing plant in Guangdong uses a cylinder screen-spiral washing machine-sedimentation tank to wash and deslime, and the desliming effect is poor and not complete. There is a lot of slime adsorbed on the surface of the mineral sand, and a large amount of fine particle mineral sand is lost in the slime. More seriously, due to the incomplete washing and desliming, it is difficult to separate in the subsequent magnetic and electric separation, and the production stability is poor. Therefore, the original washing and desliming process is reformed, and the process of the application is used for processing. The mineral sand is clean and complete, and the slime is separated completely. At the same time, almost no fine particle mineral sand is lost in the slime.

[0131] In the above practical application case, the ore washing method of the application has the following beneficial effects compared with the original ore washing and desliming process: 1. The amount of metal lost by TiO2 in the original process is 20 times that of the process of the application, and the amount of Zr(Hf)O2 is about 200 times; 2. The desliming effect of the original process is poor, and the TFe grade of the mineral sand and the slime after desliming is not much different from the original ore grade, while the process of the application has a slime grade of 41.87%. It can be seen that the process of the application has the advanced characteristics of deep cleaning of the surface of the mineral sand, complete desliming and no loss of fine particle mineral sand.

[0132] It should be noted that other contents of the ore washing method disclosed in the application can be referred to the prior art, which will not be described here.

[0133] The above is only an optional embodiment of the application, and does not limit the patent scope of the application. Any equivalent structural transformation made by referring to the content of the application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields within the concept of the application is included in the patent protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A ore washing method, applied to ore washing equipment, characterized in that, The ore washing equipment includes a dewatering screen, a hydrocyclone, and a desliming hopper. The feed end of the hydrocyclone is connected to the discharge end of the dewatering screen, the overflow end of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed end of the desliming hopper, the underflow end of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed end of the dewatering screen, and the underflow end of the desliming hopper is connected to the feed end of the dewatering screen. The ore washing method includes: The target mineral is scrubbed to obtain an initial slurry; The initial slurry is subjected to a separation operation to obtain clean ore sand and mud-containing slurry; The mud-containing slurry is concentrated and filtered to obtain clear water and mineral mud impurities; The step of scrubbing the target mineral to obtain an initial slurry includes: The target mineral is subjected to a preliminary screening and feeding operation to obtain the target ore sand; The target ore is scrubbed to obtain the initial slurry; The step of separating the initial slurry to obtain clean ore sand and mud-containing slurry includes: The initial slurry is injected into the dewatering screen to perform a secondary screening operation on the initial slurry, thereby separating the clean ore sand and the muddy slurry from each other; After the step of performing a secondary screening operation on the initial slurry using the dewatering screen to separate the clean ore sand and the muddy slurry, the following steps are included: The mud-containing slurry separated by the double screening operation is transported to the hydrocyclone for hydrocyclone separation. The first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation is conveyed to the desliming hopper to perform a desliming operation on the first slurry; The step of concentrating and filtration the mud-containing slurry includes: The second slurry separated by the desliming operation is subjected to the concentration and pressure filtration operation; After the step of conveying the mud-containing slurry separated by the secondary screening operation to the hydrocyclone for hydrocyclone separation, the following steps are included: The first sediment separated by the cyclone separation operation is conveyed to the dewatering screen to perform the second screening operation on the first sediment. After the step of conveying the first slurry separated by the cyclone separation operation to the desliming hopper for desliming the first slurry, the method includes: The second settling sand separated by the desliming operation is transported to the dewatering screen to perform the second settling sand rescreening operation.

2. The ore washing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ore washing equipment includes a scrubbing machine, a washing aid supply device, and a scrubbing medium; the scrubbing medium is disposed in the scrubbing machine; The step of scrubbing the target ore includes: Start the scrubbing machine; The target ore and the corresponding proportion of water are transported to the scrubbing machine; The target detergent is injected into the scrubbing machine through the detergent supply device; Under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine, the target ore sand is scrubbed by the scrubbing medium and the scrubbing agent.

3. The ore washing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scrubbing machine includes a cylinder, a stirring mechanism, and a baffle plate; the baffle plate is disposed on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the stirring mechanism and the scrubbing medium are disposed inside the cylinder; The step of scrubbing the target ore sand under the stirring action of the scrubbing machine, using the scrubbing medium and the scrubbing aid, includes: The scrubbing machine agitates the target ore sand inside the cylinder, causing it to collide and rub against the scrubbing medium and the baffle plate, thereby scrubbing the target ore sand.

4. The ore washing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ore washing equipment includes a feed hopper, a vibrating screen, a vibrator, and a quantitative feeding device; the vibrating screen is located at the feed inlet end of the feed hopper, the vibrator is installed on the side wall of the feed hopper, and the quantitative feeding device is located at the discharge end of the feed hopper. The step of performing a preliminary screening and feeding operation on the target mineral to obtain the target ore sand includes: The target mineral is initially screened by the vibrating screen so that the target ore obtained from the initial screening enters the feed hopper. Turn on the vibrator to feed the target ore from the feed hopper onto the quantitative feeding device; The target ore is quantitatively fed into the scrubbing machine through the quantitative feeding device.

5. The ore washing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ore washing equipment includes a thickening hopper and a filter press; the feed end of the thickening hopper is connected to the overflow end of the desliming hopper, and the underflow end of the thickening hopper is connected to the feed end of the filter press. The step of performing the concentration and pressure filtration operation on the second slurry separated by the desliming operation includes: The second slurry separated by the desliming operation is conveyed to the thickening tank for thickening. The first sludge impurity obtained by the concentration operation is transported to the filter press to perform a filter press operation on the first sludge impurity to obtain the second sludge impurity.

6. The ore washing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The overflow end of the concentration hopper is connected to the scrubbing machine, and the filtrate output end of the filter press is connected to the scrubbing machine; After the step of conveying the second slurry separated in the desliming operation to the thickening tank for thickening, the method includes: The first purified water separated in the concentration operation is delivered to the scrubbing machine for use in the scrubbing operation; After the step of conveying the first sludge impurity obtained by the concentration operation to the filter press for filtration to obtain the second sludge impurity, the process includes: The second clean water separated by the pressure filtration operation is delivered to the scrubbing machine for use in the scrubbing operation.

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