A high-speed train forging residual stress elimination equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of forging stress relieving equipment, in particular to a kind of forging residual stress relieving equipment for high-speed train, including vibration aging device, thermal aging device and automatic loading mechanism, thermal aging device is used to carry out thermal aging treatment to forging for high-speed train or other workpieces, vibration aging device is used to carry out vibration aging treatment to forging for high-speed train and other workpieces, vibration aging device includes vibration platform, platform support, exciter, vibration sensor and reciprocating drive mechanism, under the drive of reciprocating drive mechanism, vibration platform can drive each workpiece to pass through thermal aging device for thermal aging treatment while driving workpiece vibration, automatic loading mechanism is used to automatically load workpiece to the clamping position of vibration platform and automatically take down the workpiece treated on vibration platform.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of forging stress relief equipment, in particular to a kind of forging residual stress relief equipment for high-speed train. BACKGROUND

[0002] The casting, welding, forging, machining, heat treatment, shape correction and other processes of workpiece can cause residual stress in the workpiece, and the residual stress in the workpiece can cause the workpiece to be reduced in strength, deformed, accelerated in corrosion, and reduced in fatigue life. The forging workpiece for high-speed train is of great importance as it relates to the form of high-speed train, and has higher precision and strength requirements than general equipment workpieces.

[0003] Current stress relief techniques include natural aging, thermal aging, vibration aging, explosive aging and the like. Natural aging takes too long and has too low stress relief rate, and explosive aging is only suitable for processing simple-shaped workpieces. Natural aging and explosive aging have too many limitations. Thermal aging and vibration aging can process any complex-shaped components, and are the most commonly used stress relief methods.

[0004] Patent No. CN201810720996.1 discloses a device and method for stress relief by combining thermal aging and vibration aging, which has good stress relief effect on workpieces. However, the technical solution still has some technical problems: 1. The workpiece fixing and clamping needs manual operation, but the workpiece needs to be cooled completely before disassembly, which takes a lot of time and has great safety hazards, although the cooling system is used to assist; 2. The vibration system and high-temperature furnace need to be stopped when the workpiece is taken out and placed, which affects the processing efficiency of the workpiece; 3. The workpiece fixing device has a small application range, and may have poor fixing effect for some special-shaped workpieces, which affects the vibration aging effect of the workpiece.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a kind of forging residual stress relief equipment for high-speed train. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a kind of forging residual stress relief equipment for high-speed train, which can perform thermal aging and vibration aging on the forging for high-speed train, and use an automatic loading and unloading mechanism to take the processed workpiece out of the equipment and fix and clamp the workpiece to be processed on the equipment during normal operation of the vibration aging device and the thermal aging device.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a forging residual stress relieving equipment for high-speed trains, characterized in that: comprising a vibration aging device, a thermal aging device and an automatic loading and unloading mechanism, the thermal aging device comprises a thermal aging furnace, and the opposite two sides of the thermal aging furnace are provided with moving accommodation openings,

[0008] The vibration aging device comprises a vibration platform, a platform support, a vibration exciter, a vibration sensor and a reciprocating driving mechanism, the platform support is provided with a guide structure, the vibration platform is movably installed on the guide structure and passes through the moving accommodation openings of the thermal aging furnace, a plurality of clamping positions are arranged on the vibration platform, each clamping position is provided with a clamping mechanism, the reciprocating movement part of the reciprocating driving mechanism is connected with one end of the vibration platform and drives each clamping position to pass through the inside of the thermal aging furnace, and the vibration platform is further provided with the vibration exciter for driving the vibration of the vibration platform and the vibration sensor for measuring the vibration spectrum of the vibration platform;

[0009] An automatic loading and unloading mechanism is arranged above the vibration platform and outside the one or two moving accommodation openings.

[0010] The vibration aging device and the thermal aging device cooperate to perform stress relieving treatment on the workpiece, and the automatic loading and unloading mechanism can disassemble and replace the workpiece treated by the vibration aging device and the thermal aging device.

[0011] Further, the moving accommodation opening is provided with a movable door structure, the movable door structure comprises two movable door plates, the two movable door plates are movably installed on the outer wall of the thermal aging furnace and are respectively located on the two sides of the moving accommodation opening, movable door driving members are connected with the two movable door plates, and the two movable door driving members are connected with the thermal aging furnace or an external fixed frame.

[0012] The adjustable movable door structure is used for blocking the moving accommodation opening of the thermal aging furnace and is matched with the movement adjustment of the vibration aging device.

[0013] Further, the vibration platform comprises a platform chassis and at least two platform plates, each platform plate is arranged on the top of the platform chassis along a preset direction, and the upper plate surface of the platform plate is the clamping position;

[0014] The vibration exciter and the vibration sensor are connected with the platform chassis;

[0015] Opposite sides of the two movable door plates are provided with accommodation notches, the two accommodation notches are connected to form an accommodation slot for the platform chassis to pass through, and an accommodation gap is reserved between the accommodation slot and the platform chassis, and the accommodation gap is greater than the vibration amplitude of the platform chassis.

[0016] Further, the guide structure comprises at least two guide assemblies, the guide assemblies are distributed and arranged on the two sides of the thermal aging furnace, the guide assembly comprises a shock absorber and a guide piece,

[0017] The damping member comprises a damping shell and a damping core, the damping shell is fixed on the platform support, the inside of the damping shell is provided with a damping cavity, the top of the damping shell is provided with a connecting port communicated with the damping cavity, and the damping core is arranged in the damping cavity and connected with the inner wall of the damping cavity through a damping structure;

[0018] The guide member comprises a guide shell, the guide shell is arranged above the damping shell and connected with the damping core, the guide shell is provided with a guide cavity penetrating through two opposite ends of the guide shell, the bottom surface and the top surface of the inner wall of the guide cavity are both provided with a plurality of guide wheels along a preset direction, the top of the guide shell is provided with a guide port communicated with the guide cavity, and the inner walls on both sides of the guide port are also both provided with a plurality of guide wheels along the preset direction, and the wheel shafts of the guide wheels are all perpendicular to the preset direction;

[0019] The both sides of the platform base are both provided with guide grooves along the length direction of the platform base, the part of the platform base below the guide grooves is movably arranged through the guide cavities of the guide members and in contact with the guide wheels in the guide cavities, and the guide wheels on both sides of the guide port are respectively in contact with the groove bottoms of the two guide grooves.

[0020] The guide structure is used for supporting the vibration platform and limiting the movement of the vibration platform, the damping member reduces the vibration of the vibration platform transmitted to the platform support, and the influence of the vibration platform on other positions of the equipment and the installation position of the equipment is reduced.

[0021] Further, the reciprocating driving mechanism comprises a reciprocating power member and a reciprocating moving part, the reciprocating moving part is detachably connected with one end of the platform base, and the reciprocating power member is connected with the reciprocating moving part and drives the reciprocating moving part to move along a preset direction.

[0022] Further, the reciprocating moving part comprises a base plate, a first clamping head and a second clamping head, the base plate is connected with the reciprocating power member, the base plate is provided with a first clamping power member and a second clamping power member, the first clamping head and the second clamping head are respectively arranged in the moving parts of the first clamping power member and the second clamping power member, the opposite sides of the first clamping head and the second clamping head are both provided with clamping cavities, clamping end heads are arranged in the two clamping cavities, and damping structures are arranged between the clamping end heads and the inner walls of the clamping cavities.

[0023] One end of the platform base is provided with a connecting head suitable for being clamped by the first clamping head and the second clamping head.

[0024] The structure of the reciprocating moving part can reduce the vibration of the vibration platform transmitted to the reciprocating power member when the reciprocating moving part is connected with the vibration platform, and the influence of the vibration of the vibration platform on the reciprocating power member is reduced.

[0025] Further, the damping structure comprises a first end plate and a second end plate, a plurality of springs are uniformly arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate are connected through the plurality of springs.

[0026] Further, the automatic loading and unloading mechanism comprises a dismounting base, a rotating assembly, a lifting assembly and a clamping assembly, the dismounting base is located at one side of the vibrating platform, the rotating assembly is arranged on the dismounting base, the lifting assembly is arranged on a rotating part of the rotating assembly, a lifting part of the lifting assembly is provided with a cross frame, the clamping assembly is installed on the cross frame and is driven by the rotating assembly and the lifting assembly to move between a workpiece taking station, a device station and a workpiece placing station,

[0027] The clamping assembly comprises a clamping frame, clamping telescopic members and clamping end heads, two clamping telescopic members are arranged on the clamping frame, and the opposite ends of the two clamping telescopic members are respectively provided with a clamping end head, the clamping end head comprises a clamping shell and a clamping action head, the clamping shell is provided with a clamping cavity, the clamping action head is located in the clamping cavity and is provided with a shock absorption structure between the clamping action head and the inner wall of the clamping cavity, and the opposite side ends of the two clamping action heads are respectively provided with a clamping groove.

[0028] The structure of the clamping assembly can reduce the vibration of the workpiece transmitted to the rotating assembly and the lifting assembly, and reduce the influence of the vibration on the rotating assembly and the lifting assembly. Meanwhile, because the clamping assembly has the shock absorption structure, the dismounting assembly can dismount and replace the workpiece on the vibrating platform when the vibrating platform vibrates, and the processing efficiency of the workpiece is further improved.

[0029] Further, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame, a clamping pressing member and a clamping die,

[0030] The clamping frame is arranged on the platform plate, a rotating shaft is movably installed on the clamping frame, one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating handle, the clamping pressing member is a spiral rod or a plate with a spiral cross section, the rotating shaft penetrates through the inside of the clamping pressing member and is connected with the clamping pressing member through a plurality of supporting members,

[0031] The clamping die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die and the lower die are detachably connected, the opposite sides of the upper die and the lower die are detachably provided with a backing plate, the opposite side plate surfaces of the two backing plates are respectively provided with a clamping groove matched with the shape of the workpiece, and the bottom of the lower die is provided with a positioning protrusion.

[0032] The clamping mechanism comprises the clamping die, and the clamping die has replaceable backing plates. By replacing the appropriate backing plates, the clamping die can clamp a plurality of types of workpieces. Compared with clamping workpieces with uncertain shapes, the clamping effect of the clamping die with relatively certain shapes is better.

[0033] Further, the automatic loading mechanism further comprises a clamping adjusting assembly, the clamping adjusting assembly comprising a vertical telescopic part, a horizontal telescopic part and a moving end, the vertical telescopic part being arranged on the dismounting base, the horizontal telescopic part being arranged on the telescopic part of the vertical telescopic part, the moving end comprising a sleeve and an inner rod, one end of the sleeve being arranged on the telescopic part of the horizontal telescopic part, the inner rod being movably arranged in the sleeve, a shock absorbing layer being arranged between the inner rod and the inner wall of the sleeve, a clamping groove being arranged on the rod body of the inner rod outside the sleeve and being suitable for the rotating handle.

[0034] The clamping adjusting assembly of the automatic loading mechanism can cooperate with the clamping mechanism to realize the driving adjustment of the clamping workpiece, thereby facilitating the automatic loading and taking of the workpiece by the automatic loading mechanism.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The clamping mechanism adopts a new structure, which is convenient to operate, and the workpiece can be fixed or loosened by rotating the rotating shaft. The new clamping structure can also cooperate with the clamping adjusting assembly of the automatic loading mechanism, so that the automatic loading mechanism can automatically load the workpiece onto the vibration aging device and automatically take the workpiece off the vibration aging device.

[0037] 2. The automatic loading mechanism can take the workpiece off the vibration platform or fix the workpiece on the clamping position of the vibration platform during the vibration of the vibration platform. Meanwhile, the workpiece which has not been completely cooled down can also be loaded and taken. Compared with the existing method, the processing efficiency of the workpiece is effectively improved, and the safety risk to the operator is very low.

[0038] 3. The clamping mechanism has a clamping die, and the clamping die has a replaceable backing plate. The backing plate is provided with a clamping groove matched with the shape of the workpiece. The clamping die is replaced with a corresponding backing plate according to the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece can be clamped by the clamping die. The target to be fixed by the clamping pressure part of the clamping mechanism is replaced from the workpiece with different shapes and specifications to the clamping die with fixed shape clamping the workpiece. In cooperation with the unique structure of the clamping pressure part, the clamping mechanism has good fixing effect for different workpieces.

[0039] 4. During the residual stress elimination process of the workpiece by the scheme of the application, the workpieces waiting for heat aging treatment outside the vibration platform, the workpieces being heat aged in the heat aging furnace and the workpieces being cooled outside the heat aging furnace are simultaneously subjected to vibration aging treatment. The vibration aging device and the heat aging device are fully coordinated, thereby effectively improving the stress elimination effect of the workpiece.

[0040] 5. The guiding mechanism, reciprocating drive mechanism and automatic loading and unloading mechanism are all equipped with damping structures at the parts that come into contact with the vibration platform or workpiece, which effectively reduces the impact of the vibration platform on the fixed power components in the guiding mechanism, reciprocating drive mechanism and automatic loading and unloading mechanism.

[0041] 6. The clamping component of the automatic loading and unloading mechanism can move between the picking station, the equipment station, and the unloading station under the linkage of the rotating component and the rotating component. The clamping component can grab the workpiece at the picking station and place it at the equipment station. It works with the clamping mechanism to fix the workpiece to the platform plate located at the equipment station, and automatically load the workpiece to be processed into the vibration platform. The clamping component can also work with the clamping mechanism located at the equipment station to grab the workpiece and place it at the unloading station, and automatically remove the processed workpiece from the vibration platform. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the vibration aging device and the thermal aging device;

[0044] Figure 2 A frontal schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the vibration aging device and the thermal aging device;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a top view of the vibration platform.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vibration platform and clamping mechanism along a preset direction;

[0047] Figure 5 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the guide component;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping mechanism;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reciprocating drive mechanism;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the reciprocating drive unit.

[0051] Figure 9 This is a side view of the automatic loading and unloading mechanism.

[0052] Figure 10 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a clamping head;

[0053] Figure 11 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a clamping adjusting assembly;

[0054] Figure 12 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section of a moving head;

[0055] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a clamping head;

[0056] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a clamping adjusting assembly;

[0057] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section of a moving head;

[0058] Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a vibration exciter;

[0059] Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a platform support;

[0060] Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a guide assembly;

[0061] Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a reciprocating driving mechanism;

[0062] Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an automatic loading and unloading mechanism;

[0063] Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0065] Embodiment 1

[0066] The forging residual stress elimination equipment for high-speed trains of the application is mainly used for automatically eliminating the stress of the forgings for high-speed trains or other workpieces needing stress elimination. The workpiece in the specific embodiment part refers to the forgings for high-speed trains or other workpieces needing stress elimination that can be processed by the technical solution of the application.

[0067] The forging residual stress elimination equipment for high-speed trains comprises a vibration aging device, a thermal aging device and an automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8. Figures 1-12 The thermal aging device is used for thermal aging treatment of the workpiece, and the vibration aging device is used for vibration aging treatment of the workpiece. The vibration aging device reciprocates during the vibration aging treatment of the workpiece, and drives the workpieces to sequentially pass through the thermal aging device for thermal aging treatment. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 is arranged above the vibration aging device and on one side or both sides of the thermal aging device. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 is used for automatically loading the workpieces onto the vibration aging device and automatically unloading the workpieces from the vibration aging device.

[0068] The thermal aging device comprises a thermal aging furnace 1. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The opposite two sides of the thermal aging furnace 1 are provided with moving accommodation openings. The moving accommodation openings can be passed through by the vibration platform 2 of the vibration aging device and the workpieces clamped on the platform. The two moving accommodation openings are opposite to each other and are in communication with the furnace cavity of the thermal aging furnace 1. The thermal aging furnace 1 is provided with a temperature controller. The temperature of the furnace cavity of the thermal aging furnace 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature controller according to the material of the workpiece. The thermal aging furnace 1 and the temperature controller are both products of the prior art, and the specific structure and implementation mode will not be described herein.

[0069] In order to reduce the heat loss in the thermal aging furnace 1, the two moving accommodation openings of the thermal aging furnace 1 are provided with valve structures. When the vibration aging device reciprocates, the valve structures are in an open state. When the vibration aging device does not move, the valve structures can be closed. Moreover, the opening degree of the moving accommodation openings can be adjusted by adjusting the valve structures.

[0070] Specifically, as a specific example of the shutter structure, the shutter structure includes two movable door plates 11, both of which are movably installed on the outer wall of the thermal aging furnace 1 and are located on both sides of the moving gap, and both of which are connected with a shutter driving member 12, the movable door plate 11 is connected with the movable part of the shutter driving member 12, the fixed part of the shutter driving member 12 is installed on the outer wall of the thermal aging furnace 1 or on the external fixed frame located on the side of the thermal aging furnace 1, and the two shutters form a double-leaf door structure, and the two shutters are driven by the corresponding shutter driving members 12 to move close to or away from each other, preferably, the two shutter driving members 12 act synchronously and in opposite directions. The shutter driving member 12 is an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, or a motor lead screw, etc. Due to the high temperature in the thermal aging furnace 1, a heat insulation structure is further provided between the shutter driving member 12 and the thermal aging furnace 1, which includes heat insulation lining plates provided on the inner and outer walls of the thermal aging furnace 1. In some embodiments, in order to strengthen the strength of the shutter structure, a support rail for the movement of the movable door plate 11 is provided on the outer wall of the thermal aging furnace 1 below the two movable door plates 11.

[0071] The opposite sides of the two movable door plates 11 are both provided with a gap gap, and when the two movable door plates 11 move towards each other to close the moving gap, the two gap gaps are connected to form a gap slot for the vibration aging device to pass through. The inner wall of the gap slot and the vibration aging device are provided with a gap gap, and the gap gap is greater than the vibration amplitude of the vibration aging device, so as to avoid the influence of the vibration of the vibration aging device on the thermal aging furnace 1.

[0072] The vibration aging device includes a vibration platform 2, a platform support 5, a vibration exciter 4, a vibration sensor, and a reciprocating driving mechanism 7. The platform support 5 is provided with a guide structure for supporting the vibration platform 2 and limiting the movement direction of the vibration platform 2. The vibration platform 2 is installed above the platform support 5 through the guide structure and moves through one or two moving gaps of the thermal aging furnace 1. The vibration platform 2 is provided with a plurality of clamping positions, and each clamping position is arranged in a predetermined direction. Each clamping position is provided with a clamping mechanism 9 for fixing a workpiece. The reciprocating driving mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to reciprocate in the direction defined by the guide mechanism, and drives each clamping position on each vibration platform 2 to pass through the inside of the thermal aging furnace 1.

[0073] It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the description of the technical scheme, the predetermined direction in this application refers to the direction parallel to the movement direction of the vibration platform 2 under the limitation of the guide structure.

[0074] Please refer to Figures 1-6The vibration platform 2 comprises a platform chassis 21 and at least two platform plates 22. The platform chassis 21 is in a long strip shape arranged along a preset direction. Each platform plate 22 is fixedly arranged on the top of the platform chassis 21 and arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction. The upper plate surface of each platform plate 22 is horizontal. The upper plate surface of the platform plate 22 is the clamping position of the vibration platform 2. The platform chassis 21 is provided with an exciter 4 and a vibration sensor. The exciter 4 is used to drive the platform chassis 21 and each platform plate 22 to vibrate. The exciter 4 is connected with a vibration controller. The vibration state of the exciter 4 can be adjusted through the vibration controller. The vibration sensor is used to measure the vibration frequency spectrum of the platform chassis 21. The exciter 4, the vibration controller and the vibration sensor can all use devices of existing technology of appropriate specifications.

[0075] In some embodiments, in order to improve the structural strength of the vibration platform 2, the bottom of each platform plate 22 is provided with a reinforcing bottom support. Each reinforcing bottom support is connected with the platform chassis 21.

[0076] The relief slot of the valve structure is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the platform chassis 21. The platform chassis 21 can pass through the relief slot. The relief gap reserved between the relief slot and the vibration and aging device is specifically the relief gap reserved between the relief slot and the platform chassis 21. The relief gap is greater than the vibration amplitude of the platform chassis 21. When the vibration platform 2 moves back and forth, the valve structure is in an open state. Each part of the vibration platform 2 can pass through the moving relief opening. When the vibration platform 2 does not move, the valve structure is closed, and only one relief slot for the platform chassis 21 to pass through is left.

[0077] The guiding structure has two functions. One is to support the vibration platform 2. The other is to limit the direction of the reciprocating movement of the vibration platform 2. The guiding structure comprises at least two guiding assemblies 6. The guiding assemblies 6 are arranged on both sides of the thermal aging furnace 1. The arrangement direction of the plurality of guiding assemblies 6 is parallel to the line connecting the positions of the two moving relief openings and the preset direction. The guiding assembly 6 comprises a shock absorbing member and a guiding member. Figure 5 Figure 5 The shock absorbing structure in the shock absorbing cavity is not shown in the figure. The detailed structure of the shock absorbing structure is described separately below.

[0078] ​The damping member comprises a damping shell 61 and a damping core 62, the damping shell 61 is fixed on the platform support 5, the inside of the damping shell 61 is provided with a damping cavity, the top of the damping shell 61 is provided with a connecting port communicated with the damping cavity, and the damping core 62 is arranged in the damping cavity and connected with the inner wall of the damping cavity through the damping member. As a specific example, the damping shell 61 is a cubic structure, the damping cavity is a cubic cavity formed in the damping shell 61, and the damping core 62 is a cubic block. The damping core 62 is arranged in the damping cavity, and each side outer wall of the damping core 62 is opposite to each inner wall of the damping cavity. The damping core 62 is connected with the corresponding inner wall of the damping cavity through the damping structure. The top end of the damping core 62 is provided with a connecting part protruding from the connecting port, and the connecting part is used for connecting the guide member. Since the vibration of the vibration platform 2 is transmitted to the damping core 62 through the guide member, the damping shell 61 is fixed on the platform support 5. In order to avoid the vibration of the vibration platform support 5, the damping structure is arranged between the damping core 62 and the damping shell 61, and the vibration influence of the vibration platform 2 on the platform support 5 is reduced to a certain extent. In order to avoid the damping member from making noise due to vibration, the gap between the damping core 62 and the damping shell 61 should be greater than the amplitude of the vibration platform 2.

[0079] The guide member comprises a guide shell 63, the guide shell 63 is arranged above the damping shell 61, and the bottom of the guide shell 63 is connected with the connecting part of the damping core 62. The guide shell 63 is provided with a guide cavity, the guide cavity extends along the preset direction and penetrates through the opposite two ends of the guide shell 63, and the top of the guide shell 63 is provided with a guide port communicated with the guide cavity. The guide port penetrates through the opposite two ends of the guide shell 63 along the preset direction. As viewed along the preset direction, the guide cavity and the guide port form a convex port penetrating through the top of the guide shell 63 at the side of the guide shell 63. The bottom surface and the top surface of the inner wall of the guide cavity are both provided with a plurality of guide wheels 64 along the preset direction. The inner walls on both sides of the guide port are also both provided with a plurality of guide wheels 64 along the preset direction. The wheel shafts of the guide wheels 64 are all perpendicular to the preset direction.

[0080] The platform base 21 is provided with guide grooves on both sides along the length direction of the platform base 21. As viewed along the length direction of the platform base 21, the cross-sectional shape of the platform base 21 is an I-shaped. The lower part of the platform base 21 moves through the guide cavities of the guide members. The part of the platform base 21 below the guide grooves moves through the guide cavities of the guide members. The part of the platform base 21 below the guide grooves is in contact with the guide wheels 64 in the guide cavities. The guide wheels 64 at the bottom of the guide cavities not only have a guiding function, but also have a supporting and friction-reducing function. The two side edges of each guide port are arranged in the two guide grooves of the platform base 21 respectively. The guide wheels 64 on the two side edges of the guide port are in contact with the groove bottoms of the two guide grooves respectively.

[0081] Since the part of the vibration platform 2 just leaving the heat treatment furnace 1 has a high temperature, the guide wheel 64 also needs to be made of high-temperature-resistant metal materials or new materials.

[0082] In order to ensure the stability and safety of the reciprocating movement of the vibration platform 2, the guide assembly 6 is arranged outside the moving gap of the heat treatment furnace 1 and close to the heat treatment furnace 1, and the vibration platform 2 is in an assembled relationship with each guide assembly 6 when moving to the extreme position. In order to further prevent the vibration platform 2 from being separated from the guide assembly 6, the two ends of the vibration platform 2 are provided with baffles in some embodiments, and the baffles cannot pass through the guide cavity of the guide assembly 6. Further, a proximity switch is arranged at the two end positions of the vibration platform 2 or the guide assembly 6 to detect the distance between the end of the vibration platform 2 and the outermost guide assembly 6. In other embodiments, a support structure is further arranged below the vibration platform 2 on the platform support 5, and a support wheel is arranged on the support structure. The bottom of the vibration platform 2 can be supported by the support wheels. In order to avoid the influence of the vibration of the vibration platform 2 on the support wheels and the support structure, the wheel body of the support wheel should be covered with a material having a damping and buffering effect.

[0083] The reciprocating driving mechanism 7 is used to drive the vibration platform 2 to reciprocate in the direction defined by the guide structure. Preferably, the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 and the vibration exciter 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the vibration platform 2. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the drawings, the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 includes a reciprocating power member 71 and a reciprocating movement part. The reciprocating movement part is connected with one end of the vibration platform 2, and the reciprocating power member 71 is connected with the reciprocating movement part and drives the reciprocating movement part to move in a predetermined direction, thereby driving the vibration platform 2 to move in the predetermined direction. The reciprocating power member 71 can be arranged as a gas cylinder, an oil cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, a motor lead screw, or a walking robot element, and the reciprocating movement part is connected with the action end of the reciprocating power member 71.

[0084] As a preferred embodiment, the reciprocating movement part is detachably connected with one end of the platform base 21. When the vibration platform 2 needs to be driven to move by the reciprocating driving mechanism 7, the reciprocating movement part is connected with the platform base 21, and the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to move. When the vibration platform 2 does not need to be driven to move by the reciprocating driving mechanism 7, the reciprocating movement part is not connected with the platform base 21. When the platform base 21 is not connected with the reciprocating driving part, the platform base 21 is constantly vibrated due to the sliding fit between the platform base 21 and the guide mechanism, which causes the vibration platform 2 to deviate. In order to avoid that the vibration platform 2 deviates too much to affect the connection and fit with the reciprocating driving mechanism 7, the end of the platform base 21 is connected with the reciprocating movement part through a spring or other elastic element, and the connection mode is detachable connection.

[0085] Please refer toFigure 7 and Figure 8 The reciprocating motion part comprises a base plate 72, a first clamping head 75 and a second clamping head 76, the base plate 72 is connected with the action end of the reciprocating power piece 71, the base plate 72 is provided with a first clamping power piece 73 and a second clamping power piece 74 on the end face towards the vibration platform 2, the first clamping power piece 73 and the second clamping power piece 74 are both air cylinders, oil cylinders, electric push rods, etc., the movement directions of the first clamping power piece 73 and the second clamping power piece 74 are coaxial, the movement parts of the two are opposite, the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 are respectively arranged on the movement parts of the first clamping power piece 73 and the second clamping power piece 74, the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 are close to each other and clamp the end of the platform chassis 21, so as to realize the connection between the reciprocating motion part and the vibration platform 2. The end of the platform chassis 21 is provided with a connecting end head suitable for being clamped by the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 8 The opposite sides of the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 are both provided with clamping cavities, the clamping cavities are both provided with clamping end heads 77, and a shock-absorbing structure is arranged between the clamping end head 77 and the inner wall of the clamping cavity. Specifically, the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 are both cubic, the clamping cavities are cubic cavities, the opposite sides of the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 are open, the clamping end heads 77 are both cubic blocks, the clamping end heads 77 are arranged in the corresponding clamping cavities, one end of the two clamping end heads 77 close to each other protrudes from the clamping cavity where it is located, and a shock-absorbing structure is arranged between the outer wall of the clamping end head 77 located in the clamping cavity and the inner wall of the corresponding clamping cavity. The clamping end head 77 can be made of soft materials such as elastic rubber, and the opposite sides of the two clamping end heads 77 are both provided with connecting grooves suitable for embedding the connecting end heads. In order to avoid noise when the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 clamp the platform chassis 21, the gap between the clamping end head 77 and the clamping cavity in the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76 should be greater than the amplitude of the vibration platform 2. It should be noted that the shock-absorbing structure arranged in the clamping cavity is not shown in Figure 8 , and the description of the shock-absorbing structure is described in detail below.

[0087] When the reciprocating part is connected with the vibration platform 2, the vibration of the vibration platform 2 is transmitted to the reciprocating driving structure, and the first clamping power member 73, the second clamping power member 74 and the reciprocating power member 71 are affected. The damping structure between the clamping head and the clamping cavity can reduce the influence, and the specific elimination method is as follows: when the reciprocating part is connected with the vibration platform 2, the vibration transmitted by the vibration platform 2 is transmitted to the clamping end head 77 of the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76, and then the vibration is eliminated by the damping structure on the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76, and the vibration received by the first clamping head 75 and the first clamping power member 73 connected therewith and the second clamping head 76 and the second clamping power member 74 connected therewith is weakened.

[0088] Since the movement direction of the reciprocating part is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first clamping power member 73 and the second clamping power member 74, in order to avoid deformation and damage of the first clamping power member 73 and the second clamping power member 74, as shown in Figure 7 in some embodiments, L-shaped limiting plates are arranged on both sides of each clamping end head 77 on the base plate 72, and when the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 pulls the vibration platform 2 to move, the clamping end head 77 cooperates with the two L-shaped limiting plates on both sides thereof, so as to reduce the load of the first clamping power member 73 and the second clamping power member 74.

[0089] The automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 is used for loading the workpiece to the vibration platform 2 and unloading the workpiece on the vibration platform 2. As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 The automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 includes a dismounting seat 81, a rotating assembly 82, a lifting assembly 83 and a clamping assembly. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 is arranged on one side of the vibration platform 2. The rotating assembly 82 is arranged on the automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8. The lifting assembly 83 is arranged on the rotating part of the rotating assembly 82. The lifting part of the lifting assembly 83 is provided with a horizontal frame. The clamping assembly is arranged on the horizontal frame. The rotating assembly 82 and the lifting assembly 83 are linked and cooperated to drive the clamping assembly to move between a workpiece taking position, an equipment position and a workpiece placing position.

[0090] The workpiece taking position is used for placing the workpiece which has not been processed. The clamping assembly can grab the workpiece to be processed in the workpiece taking position. The workpiece placing position is used for placing the processed workpiece. The clamping assembly can place the grabbed workpiece which has been subjected to stress relief treatment in the workpiece placing position. When the clamping assembly is located in the equipment position, the clamping assembly can place the grabbed workpiece to be processed on a clamping position in the equipment position or grab the workpiece on the clamping position in the equipment position.

[0091] The rotating assembly 82 can be a rotating device with a certain load capacity such as a rotating oil cylinder or a rotating air cylinder. The lifting assembly 83 can be a telescopic device with a certain load capacity such as a telescopic oil cylinder, a telescopic air cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0092] The clamping assembly is used for grabbing workpieces. As a specific example of the clamping assembly, please refer to Figure 10 The clamping assembly includes a clamping frame 84, clamping telescopic members 85, and clamping end heads. The clamping frame 84 is preferably a door-shaped frame structure. The clamping frame 84 is provided with two clamping telescopic members 85. The clamping telescopic members 85 are telescopic components such as air cylinders, oil cylinders, or electric push rods. The two clamping telescopic members 85 are coaxially arranged and the telescopic parts of the two clamping telescopic members 85 face each other. The facing ends of the two clamping telescopic members 85 are each provided with a clamping end head. The two clamping end heads can clamp a workpiece when they are close to each other, and the two clamping end heads can release the workpiece when they are away from each other.

[0093] The clamping end head includes a clamping shell 86 and a clamping action head 87. The clamping shell 86 is internally provided with a clamping cavity. The facing sides of the clamping shells 86 of the two clamping end heads are open. The clamping action head 87 is located in the clamping cavity and is provided with a shock-absorbing structure between the clamping action head 87 and the inner wall of the clamping cavity. Specifically, the clamping shell 86 is a cubic structure, the clamping cavity is a cubic cavity, and the clamping action head 87 is also a cubic block. The clamping action head 87 is installed in the clamping shell 86 and partially protrudes outside the clamping cavity. The outer walls of the clamping action head 87 located in the clamping cavity respectively face the inner walls of the clamping cavity. The outer walls of the clamping action head 87 located in the clamping cavity are connected to the inner walls of the clamping cavity through the shock-absorbing structure. In order to avoid the workpiece in vibration transmitting vibration to the clamping end head and causing the clamping end head to emit noise, the gap between the clamping action head 87 and the cavity wall of the clamping cavity in each clamping end head should be greater than the amplitude of the vibration platform 2. The shock-absorbing structure in the clamping cavity is not shown in the figure, and the specific structure of the shock-absorbing structure is described separately below. Figure 10

[0094] When the clamping assembly operates in the equipment station, there will be a time when the clamping assembly and the clamping mechanism 9 clamp the workpiece. The vibration of the vibration platform 2 will be transmitted to the clamping assembly and affect part of the structure of the automatic loading and taking mechanism 8. The purpose of providing the shock-absorbing structure in each clamping end head is to weaken or eliminate the influence of the vibration of the vibration platform 2 on the automatic loading and taking mechanism 8.

[0095] The facing side ends of the clamping action heads 87 of the two clamping end heads are each provided with a clamping groove 88. When the two clamping end heads clamp a workpiece, the two ends of the workpiece are respectively located in the two clamping grooves 88. Preferably, the clamping groove 88 is a V-shaped groove, and the inner wall of the clamping groove 88 is provided with an anti-slip lining.

[0096] ​In this embodiment, the shock absorption structure includes a first end plate and a second end plate, and a plurality of springs are uniformly arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate are connected through the plurality of springs. The first end plate and the second end plate are respectively connected with two components, and the vibration effect transmitted between the two components is weakened through the plurality of springs between the two end plates. Specifically, in the shock absorption structure of the shock absorption member, the first end plate of the shock absorption structure is connected with the shock absorption core 62, and the second end plate is connected with the shock absorption shell 61; among the first clamping head 75 and the second clamping head 76, the first end plate of the shock absorption structure is connected with the clamping end head 77, and the second end plate is connected with the inner wall of the clamping cavity; in the clamping assembly, the first end plate of the shock absorption structure is connected with the clamping action head 87, and the second end plate is connected with the inner wall of the clamping cavity.

[0097] The clamping mechanism 9 is used to fix the workpiece to the clamping position, so that the workpiece vibrates with the vibration platform 2. Because the shapes and sizes of different types of workpieces are different, when the same specification clamping mechanism 9 clamps different types, the clamping effect will have a large degree of deviation. It is too high to specially equip a clamping mechanism 9 for each type and specification of workpiece. In view of this, the clamping mechanism 9 scheme of the present application adopts a clamping die 93, which includes a detachable backing plate. Then a clamping die 93 is used to clamp the workpiece. The clamping mechanism 9 actually clamps the clamping die 93 and the workpiece clamped by the clamping die 93.

[0098] Specifically, please refer to Figures 4-6 The clamping mechanism 9 of the present application includes a clamping frame 91, a clamping pressure piece 92 and a clamping die 93. The clamping frame 91 is fixedly installed on the platform plate 22. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the clamping frame 91. One end of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating handle 94. The rotating shaft can be rotated through the rotating handle 94. The clamping pressure piece 92 is arranged on the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. The clamping pressure piece 92 is a spiral rod or a plate with a spiral cross section. The rotating shaft passes through the inside of the clamping pressure piece 92 and is connected with the clamping pressure piece 92 through a plurality of supporting pieces. The axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the spiral surface of the clamping pressure piece 92.

[0099] Further, the rotating shaft is arranged in a predetermined direction. The clamping frame 91 is provided with a plurality of clamping accommodation openings for installing the clamping pressure piece 92. The rotating shaft passes through a plurality of clamping accommodation openings. The clamping pressure piece 92 is provided in a plurality of forms. Each clamping pressure piece 92 is located in a plurality of clamping accommodation openings. The rotating shaft is connected with each clamping pressure piece 92. The rotating shaft can drive each clamping pressure piece 92 to rotate. Each clamping piece has the same state in the circumferential direction.

[0100] Because the clamping pressure piece 92 and the rotating shaft specifically increase or decrease in the circumferential direction, when the clamping pressure piece 92 is rotated to a certain angle, the lower edge of the clamping pressure piece 92 can just fix and press the workpiece below the platform plate 22, thereby achieving clamping of the workpiece.

[0101] The clamping mold 93 comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is located above the lower mold and the two are detachably connected by bolts, the bottom surface of the upper mold and the upper surface of the lower mold are detachably provided with a backing plate, and the facing side plate surfaces of the two backing plates are provided with clamping grooves matched with the shape of the workpiece, after the workpiece is embedded in the clamping grooves of the two backing plates, the upper mold and the lower mold are connected to realize the clamping of the clamping mold 93 on the workpiece.

[0102] Specifically, the bottom surface of the upper mold and the upper surface of the lower mold are provided with T-shaped grooves, the backing plates are provided with stepped shapes matched with the shape of the groove walls of the T-shaped grooves on the opposite two side plates, the backing plates can be inserted into the T-shaped grooves from one end of the T-shaped grooves, the top of the upper mold and the bottom of the lower mold are provided with threaded holes, and screws are spirally arranged in the threaded holes, the back of the backing plate is provided with a limiting hole for the end of the screw to extend into, and the screw is rotatably arranged in the threaded hole and the end thereof extends into the limiting hole, so as to fix the backing plate with the upper mold or the lower mold.

[0103] The bottom of the lower mold is provided with a positioning boss, and the platform plate 22 is provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning boss for embedding, and the positioning groove and the positioning boss cooperate to facilitate the rapid positioning of the lower mold and the platform plate 22. Further, the positioning boss is a four-prism-tapered block with the area decreasing from top to bottom, and the positioning groove is a four-prism-tapered slot with the slot opening area decreasing from top to bottom.

[0104] When the clamping mechanism 9 clamps or releases the workpiece, the rotating handle 94 needs to be actuated by rotating the rotating shaft, and part of the clamping mechanism 9 is still at a high temperature after leaving the thermal aging furnace 1, which is not convenient for manual operation. To solve this problem, the automatic clamping mechanism 8 further comprises a clamping adjusting assembly 3, which is used to actuate the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0105] Specifically, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The clamping adjusting assembly 3 comprises a vertical telescopic member 31, a horizontal telescopic member 32 and an action end head, the vertical telescopic member 31 and the horizontal telescopic member 32 are both telescopic devices such as air cylinders, oil cylinders and electric push rods, the vertical telescopic member 31 is installed on the dismounting seat 81, the horizontal telescopic member 32 is arranged on the telescopic part of the vertical telescopic member 31, and the action end head is installed on the telescopic part of the horizontal telescopic member 32. The horizontal telescopic member 32 and the vertical telescopic member 31 cooperate to adjust the position of the action end head, so that the action end head cooperates with the rotating handle 94 of the clamping mechanism 9 at the equipment station, and then the horizontal telescopic member 32 drives the action end head to pull or push the rotating handle 94.

[0106] The action end head comprises a sleeve 33 and an inner rod 34, one end of the sleeve 33 is fixedly installed on the telescopic part of the transverse telescopic part 32, the other end of the sleeve 33 is open, the open end of the sleeve 33 is provided with an annular baffle, the middle hole of the annular baffle is used for the inner rod 34 to pass through, the inner rod 34 is movably arranged in the sleeve 33, and the part of the inner rod 34 in the sleeve 33 is provided with a shock-absorbing layer on the inner wall of the sleeve 33. The shock-absorbing layer is made of rubber material, flannel paper and composite pearl wool which have elasticity. The rod body of the inner rod 34 outside the sleeve 33 is provided with a clamping groove 35 suitable for the rotating handle 94 to pass in.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] In this embodiment, the automatic loading and taking mechanism 8 is two and is arranged on both sides of the thermal aging device, and the platform plate 22 of the vibration platform 2 is two. The method for stress treatment of the forged pieces for high-speed trains or other workpieces which need to eliminate stress by using a kind of residual stress elimination equipment for forged pieces for high-speed trains is described. It should be noted that this embodiment is not limited to the number of platform plates 22 of the vibration platform 2 being two. The platform plates can be arranged as three, four, five or even more. The action sequence of the action parts such as the automatic loading and taking mechanism 8, the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 and the clamping mechanism 9 can also be adjusted to realize the automatic work of eliminating stress of the workpieces.

[0109] In order to distinguish conveniently, the two automatic loading and taking mechanisms 8 are called the first and second splitting mechanisms respectively, the corresponding equipment stations of the two automatic loading and taking mechanisms 8 are called the first and second equipment stations respectively, the two platform plates 22 are called the first and second platform plates 22 respectively, the forged pieces for high-speed trains or other workpieces which need to eliminate stress are simply called workpieces, and the direction of the vibration platform 2 along the preset direction is defined as the forward direction, and the direction of the vibration platform 2 along the reverse preset direction is defined as the reverse direction.

[0110] Specifically, the method for stress elimination of the workpieces by using a kind of residual stress elimination equipment for forged pieces for high-speed trains comprises the following steps:

[0111] Step one, according to the specifications and shapes of the workpieces, select the gaskets with corresponding clamping grooves, install the selected gaskets on the upper and lower molds, set the workpieces between the upper and lower molds, connect the upper and lower molds, so that each workpiece is clamped to each clamping die 93, and the clamping die 93 with the workpiece is placed at each workpiece station;

[0112] Step two, use the driving effect of the reciprocating driving mechanism 7 on the vibration platform 2, place the clamping die 93 with the workpiece on the first and second platform plates 22, and use the clamping mechanism 9 on each platform plate 22 to fix and clamp the clamping die 93;

[0113] Step three, start the thermal aging furnace 1 and the exciter 4, according to the material of the workpiece, adjust the temperature in the thermal aging furnace 1 to be in the temperature range suitable for eliminating the stress of the workpiece through the temperature controller, adjust the exciter 4 to make the vibration platform 2 be in the frequency range suitable for eliminating the stress of the workpiece through the vibration controller, and the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 and the second platform plate 22 start the vibration aging treatment;

[0114] Step four, the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to move forward, so that the first platform plate 22 enters the thermal aging furnace 1, and the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 simultaneously perform the thermal aging treatment and the vibration aging treatment, and the workpieces on the second platform plate 22 only perform the vibration aging treatment at the second equipment station;

[0115] Step five, after the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 are treated in the thermal aging furnace 1 for a specified time, the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to move forward, so that the first platform plate 22 is driven to leave the thermal aging furnace 1 and moves to the first equipment station, while the second platform plate 22 is driven to enter the thermal aging furnace 1, the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 perform the vibration aging treatment while naturally cooling at the first equipment station, and the workpieces on the second platform plate 22 simultaneously perform the thermal aging treatment and the vibration aging treatment in the thermal aging furnace 1;

[0116] Step six, after the workpieces on the second platform plate 22 are treated in the thermal aging furnace 1 for a specified time, the first automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 takes down the workpieces and the clamping mold 93 on the first platform plate 22, and then grabs the clamping mold 93 clamped with the workpieces from the corresponding workpiece taking station and fixes it on the first platform plate 22;

[0117] Then the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to move reversely, so that the second platform plate 22 is driven to leave the thermal aging furnace 1 and moves to the second equipment station, while the first platform plate 22 is driven to enter the thermal aging furnace 1, the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 simultaneously perform the thermal aging treatment and the vibration aging treatment in the thermal aging furnace 1, and the workpieces on the second platform plate 22 perform the vibration aging treatment while naturally cooling at the second equipment station.

[0118] Step seven, after the workpieces on the first platform plate are treated in the thermal aging furnace 1 for a specified time, the second automatic loading and unloading mechanism 8 takes down the workpieces and the clamping mold 93 on the second platform plate 22, and then grabs the clamping mold 93 clamped with the workpieces from the corresponding workpiece taking station and fixes it on the second platform plate 22;

[0119] Then the reciprocating drive mechanism 7 drives the vibration platform 2 to move forward, drives the first platform plate 22 to move out of the thermal aging furnace 1 and to the first equipment station, and drives the second platform plate 22 to move into the thermal aging furnace 1 at the same time, the workpieces on the second platform plate 22 are simultaneously subjected to thermal aging treatment and vibration aging treatment in the thermal aging furnace 1, and the workpieces on the first platform plate 22 are subjected to vibration aging treatment while being naturally cooled in the first equipment station;

[0120] Step eight, repeat steps six to seven.

[0121] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0122] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application, can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for relieving residual stress in forgings used in high-speed trains, characterized in that: It includes a vibration aging device, a thermal aging device, and an automatic loading and unloading mechanism (8). The thermal aging device includes a thermal aging furnace (1), and the furnace walls on both sides of the thermal aging furnace (1) are provided with movable clearance openings. The vibration aging device includes a vibration platform (2), a platform support (5), an exciter (4), a vibration sensor, and a reciprocating drive mechanism (7). The platform support is provided with a guide structure. The vibration platform (2) is movably mounted on the guide structure and passes through the moving clearance port of the thermal aging furnace (1). The vibration platform (2) is provided with several clamping positions. Each clamping position is provided with a clamping mechanism (9). The reciprocating motion part of the reciprocating drive mechanism (7) is connected to one end of the vibration platform (2) and drives each clamping position through the interior of the thermal aging furnace (1). The vibration platform (2) is also provided with an exciter (4) for driving the vibration of the vibration platform (2) and a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration spectrum of the vibration platform (2). An automatic loading and unloading mechanism (8) is provided above the vibration platform (2) outside one or two moving clearance ports. The movable clearance opening is provided with a door structure, which includes two movable door plates (11). The two movable door plates (11) are movably installed on the outer wall of the thermal aging furnace (1) and are located on both sides of the movable clearance opening. Each of the two movable door plates (11) is connected to a door drive component (12), and both door drive components (12) are connected to the thermal aging furnace (1) or an external fixed frame. The vibration platform (2) includes a platform base frame (21) and at least two platform plates (22). Each platform plate (22) is arranged on the top of the platform base frame (21) along a preset direction, and the upper surface of the platform plate (22) is a clamping position. Both the vibrator (4) and the vibration sensor are connected to the platform base frame (21); Both movable door panels (11) have clearance notches on their opposite sides. The two clearance notches are joined together to form a clearance slot for the platform base frame (21) to pass through. A clearance gap is reserved between the clearance slot and the platform base frame (21). The clearance gap is greater than the vibration amplitude of the platform base frame (21). The guiding structure includes at least two guiding components (6), which are distributed on both sides of the thermal aging furnace (1). Each guiding component (6) includes a damping element and a guiding element. The damping component includes a damping shell (61) and a damping core (62). The damping shell (61) is fixed on the platform support. The damping shell (61) has a damping cavity inside. The top of the damping shell (61) has a connection port that communicates with the damping cavity. The damping core (62) is set inside the damping cavity and is connected to the inner wall of the damping cavity through a damping structure. The guide includes a guide shell (63), which is located above the damping shell (61) and connected to the damping core (62). The guide shell (63) has a guide cavity that passes through the two opposite ends of the guide shell (63). The bottom and top surfaces of the inner wall of the guide cavity are provided with a number of guide wheels (64) along a preset direction. The top of the guide shell (63) is provided with a guide opening that communicates with the guide cavity. The inner walls on both sides of the guide opening are also provided with a number of guide wheels (64) along a preset direction. The axle of each guide wheel (64) is perpendicular to the preset direction. Guide grooves are provided on both sides of the platform base frame (21) along the length direction of the platform base frame (21). The part of the platform base frame (21) located below the guide groove moves through the guide cavity of each guide member and contacts and cooperates with each guide wheel (64) in the guide cavity. The guide wheels (64) located on the two sides of the guide opening contact and cooperate with the bottom of the two guide grooves respectively.

2. The residual stress relief equipment for forgings used in high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism (7) includes a reciprocating power component (71) and a reciprocating motion part. The reciprocating motion part is detachably connected to one end of the platform base frame (21). The reciprocating power component (71) is connected to the reciprocating motion part and drives the reciprocating motion part to move along a preset direction.

3. The equipment for relieving residual stress in forgings for high-speed trains according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating motion part includes a base plate (72), a first clamping head (75) and a second clamping head (76). The base plate (72) is connected to the reciprocating power member (71). The base plate (72) is provided with a first clamping power member (73) and a second clamping power member (74). The first clamping head (75) and the second clamping head (76) are respectively disposed in the motion part of the first clamping power member (73) and the second clamping power member (74). The first clamping head (75) and the second clamping head (76) are provided with clamping cavities on opposite sides. Each clamping cavity is provided with a clamping end (77). A shock-absorbing structure is provided between the clamping end (77) and the inner wall of the clamping cavity. One end of the platform base frame (21) is provided with a connector suitable for being clamped by a first clamping head (75) and a second clamping head (76).

4. A residual stress relief device for forgings used in high-speed trains according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing structure includes a first end plate and a second end plate, with a plurality of springs evenly distributed between the first end plate and the second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate are connected by the plurality of springs.

5. A residual stress relief device for forgings used in high-speed trains according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The automatic loading and unloading mechanism (8) includes a disassembly and assembly base (81), a rotating assembly (82), a lifting assembly (83), and a clamping assembly. The disassembly and assembly base (81) is located on one side of the vibration platform (2). The rotating assembly (82) is mounted on the disassembly and assembly base (81). The lifting assembly (83) is mounted on the rotating part of the rotating assembly (82). The lifting part of the lifting assembly (83) is provided with a crossbeam. The clamping assembly is mounted on the crossbeam and is driven by the rotating assembly (82) and the lifting assembly (83) to move between the picking station, the equipment station, and the placing station. The clamping assembly includes a clamping frame (84), clamping telescopic members (85), and clamping heads. The clamping frame (84) is provided with two clamping telescopic members (85). Each clamping telescopic member (85) has a clamping head at its opposite end. The clamping head includes a clamping shell (86) and a clamping action head (87). The clamping shell (86) is provided with a clamping cavity. The clamping action head (87) is located in the clamping cavity and has a shock-absorbing structure between it and the inner wall of the clamping cavity. Each of the opposite ends of the two clamping action heads (87) is provided with a clamping groove (88).

6. The residual stress relief equipment for forgings used in high-speed trains according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (9) includes a clamping frame (91), a clamping pressure piece (92), and a clamping mold (93). A clamping frame (91) is mounted on a platform plate (22). A rotating shaft is movably mounted on the clamping frame (91). One end of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating handle (94). The clamping pressure member (92) is a spiral rod or a plate with a spiral cross-section. The rotating shaft passes through the interior of the clamping pressure member (92) and is connected to the clamping pressure member (92) through several support members. The clamping mold (93) includes an upper mold and a lower mold, which are detachably connected. The opposing sides of the upper mold and the lower mold are detachably provided with pads. The opposing side plates of the two pads are provided with clamping grooves that are adapted to the shape of the workpiece. The bottom of the lower mold is provided with alignment protrusions. The platform plate (22) is provided with alignment grooves suitable for the alignment protrusions to be inserted.

7. The residual stress relief equipment for forgings used in high-speed trains according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic loading and unloading mechanism (8) further includes a clamping adjustment assembly (3). The clamping adjustment assembly (3) includes a vertical telescopic member (31), a horizontal telescopic member (32), and an operating end. The vertical telescopic member (31) is mounted on the disassembly and assembly base (81). The horizontal telescopic member (32) is mounted on the telescopic part of the vertical telescopic member (31). The operating end includes a sleeve (33) and an inner rod (34). One end of the sleeve (33) is mounted on the telescopic part of the horizontal telescopic member (32). The inner rod (34) is movably inserted into the sleeve (33). A shock-absorbing layer is provided between the inner rod (34) and the inner wall of the sleeve (33). The inner rod (34) located outside the sleeve (33) has a slot (35) suitable for the rotating handle (94) to pass through.

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