A drainage structure with a built-in spillway and a construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a drainage structure built into a spillway and its construction method. The drainage structure includes a spillway, one end of which connects to the main tunnel, and the other end connects to a groundwater-bearing zone, allowing groundwater from the groundwater-bearing zone to be introduced into the main tunnel. The spillway is positioned between the main tunnel and the groundwater-bearing zone. The construction method for the built-in drainage structure is used to install the drainage structure. By setting up a spillway between the main tunnel and the groundwater-bearing zone, groundwater from the surrounding rock is guided through the spillway to the existing drainage system within the main tunnel, and then discharged outside the tunnel, the problem of tunnel seepage is solved at its source. In application, the spillway can be constructed by excavating a chamber in an existing cross passage, pilot tunnel, inclined shaft, or main tunnel. The spillway requires minimal engineering work and has little impact on the existing main tunnel, thus solving the seepage problem while ensuring the safety of the main tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, specifically to a drainage structure built into a spillway and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of transportation, tunnels and underground engineering have advanced rapidly, and the size and length of tunnels have increased significantly. Currently, most solutions for tunnel seepage water treatment involve grouting behind the lining to seal the leak or constructing external drainage tunnels to drain the water. However, grouting behind the lining cannot completely solve the tunnel seepage problem; it only addresses the symptoms, not the root cause. Constructing external drainage tunnels involves excavating tunnels to divert groundwater outside the tunnel. Drainage tunnel construction often uses blasting, which is slow, and the vibrations generated during blasting can threaten the safety of the tunnel's main support structure. Therefore, existing technologies lack a solution that can completely solve the seepage problem while also ensuring the safety of the tunnel's main structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a drainage structure and construction method for a drainage tunnel that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, and can solve the problem that the seepage problem and the safety of the main tunnel cannot be taken into account in the prior art.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides a drainage structure built into a drainage tunnel, comprising:

[0005] A drainage tunnel, one end of which is used to connect to the main tunnel, and the other end of which is used to connect to a groundwater development zone, so as to introduce groundwater from the groundwater development zone into the main tunnel; the drainage tunnel is located between the main tunnel and the groundwater development zone.

[0006] The drainage capacity of the main tunnel's drainage system is greater than the drainage capacity of the spillway; that is, P 正 >P 泄 .

[0007] Optionally, a water collection pool is formed at one end of the drainage tunnel, and the water collection pool is connected to the drainage system of the main tunnel through a drainage channel.

[0008] Optionally, the drainage tunnel includes a steel pipe, with both ends of the steel pipe connected to the main tunnel and the groundwater development zone, respectively.

[0009] The steel pipe has multiple drainage holes on its peripheral wall to allow groundwater from the surrounding rock to seep into the steel pipe through these drainage holes.

[0010] Optionally, a cover plate is movably installed above the water collection tank.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the water collection tank;

[0012] The bottom of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the drainage system.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction method for a drainage structure built into a spillway, the construction method being used to install the drainage structure as described in any of the above claims; the construction method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Excavate a chamber around the tunnel that connects to the main tunnel, and reinforce the soil around the chamber so that the chamber forms the starting working shaft;

[0015] S2: Install a pipe jacking machine in the starting working shaft, use the pipe jacking machine to push the steel pipe into the surrounding rock, and make the end of the steel pipe away from the pipe jacking machine contact or pass through the location where groundwater is developed.

[0016] Optionally, the excavation of a chamber around the tunnel includes at least: excavating a chamber in a cross passage, pilot tunnel, inclined shaft, or main tunnel.

[0017] Optionally, prior to step S2, the construction method further includes:

[0018] A back wall is constructed at the starting working shaft, and a hydraulic press is installed on the back wall. A base guide rail is laid inside the starting working shaft so that the pipe jacking machine is installed on the base guide rail and is movably connected to the hydraulic press.

[0019] Optionally, a drainage hole is pre-set on the peripheral wall of one end of the steel pipe near the starting working well;

[0020] The construction method also includes:

[0021] Based on the groundwater development, radial drainage holes are drilled into the surrounding rock at the location of the drainage hole.

[0022] Optionally, the construction method further includes:

[0023] After step S2 is completed, the pipe jacking machine is retrieved to avoid interfering with the flow of groundwater;

[0024] A water collection tank is excavated at one end of the steel pipe where the drainage hole is located, and a movable cover plate is installed above the water collection tank.

[0025] A drainage channel is provided between the water collection pool and the drainage system of the main tunnel, and the water collection pool is connected to the drainage system through the drainage channel.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] The drainage structure and construction method with an internal drainage tunnel provided by this invention solves the tunnel seepage problem at its source by setting up a drainage tunnel between the main tunnel and the groundwater development zone. This allows groundwater from the surrounding rock to be guided through the tunnel to the existing drainage system within the main tunnel, and then discharged outside the tunnel. In application, the drainage tunnel can be constructed inside the existing main tunnel, requiring minimal engineering work and having little impact on the existing main tunnel. Therefore, it solves the seepage problem while ensuring the safety of the main tunnel.

[0028] Furthermore, because one end of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the collection tank, groundwater entering the collection tank must reach a certain level before entering the drainage channel. This allows the groundwater to settle before being discharged, preventing sediment carried by the groundwater from settling in the drainage channel or system and causing blockages. Simultaneously, because the other end of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the drainage system, groundwater entering the drainage channel can be completely discharged into the drainage system, preventing water accumulation.

[0029] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a drainage structure built into a drainage hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drainage structure built into a drainage tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic partial structural diagram of the drainage structure built into the drainage hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the steel pipe in the drainage structure built into the drainage tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic partial structural diagram of a drainage structure built into a drainage tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6This is another schematic partial structural diagram of a drainage structure built into a drainage hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Main tunnel; 2. Location of groundwater development; 3. Starting working shaft; 4. Drainage tunnel; 5. Radial drainage hole; 6. Drainage channel; 7. Collection pool; 11. Drainage system; 31. Back wall; 32. Hydraulic press; 33. Base guide rail; 34. Pipe jacking machine; 41. Steel pipe; 42. Drainage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following reference Figures 1 to 6 This invention describes the drainage structure built into the drainage tunnel and its construction method according to embodiments of the present invention. In this description, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature, that is, include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. When a feature "includes or contains" one or more of the features it encompasses, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may be further included.

[0039] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "fix," and "couple" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or it can include contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "below" of the second feature can mean the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a drainage structure built into a drainage hole according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, and refer to Figures 2 to 6 This invention provides a drainage structure with a built-in drainage tunnel, including a drainage tunnel 4. One end of the drainage tunnel 4 is connected to the main tunnel 1, and the other end is connected to a groundwater development zone 2, so as to introduce groundwater from the groundwater development zone 2 into the main tunnel 1. The drainage tunnel 4 is located between the main tunnel 1 and the groundwater development zone 2. The drainage capacity of the drainage system of the main tunnel 1 is greater than the drainage capacity of the drainage tunnel 4; that is, P 正 >P 泄 .

[0043] It should be noted that the drainage tunnel 4 in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a channel that can supply groundwater flow. It can be a tunnel opened in the surrounding rock or a pipe installed in the surrounding rock. The specific setting form is set according to the surrounding rock structure and the development of groundwater.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, a drainage tunnel 4 is constructed between the main tunnel 1 and the groundwater-developing zone 2 to guide the groundwater developed within the surrounding rock to the existing drainage system 11 in the main tunnel 1, thereby draining it out of the tunnel and fundamentally solving the tunnel seepage problem. In application, the drainage tunnel 4 can be constructed inside the existing main tunnel 1. The drainage tunnel 4 involves minimal construction work and has little impact on the existing main tunnel 1, thus solving the seepage problem while ensuring the safety of the main tunnel 1.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a water collection pool 7 is formed at one end of the drainage tunnel 4. The water collection pool 7 is connected to the drainage system 11 of the main tunnel 1 via a drainage channel 6. Furthermore, the drainage capacity P of the drainage system 11 is... 正 > Drainage capacity P of drainage hole 4 泄Furthermore, both ends of the drainage channel 6 are higher than the bottom of the drainage system 11 and the bottom of the collection tank 7, respectively. That is, the top of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the collection tank, and the bottom of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the drainage system. This arrangement ensures that groundwater entering the collection tank 7 must reach a certain level before entering the drainage channel 6, allowing it to settle before being discharged. This prevents sediment carried in the groundwater from settling in the drainage channel 6 or the drainage system 11 and causing blockages. Simultaneously, because the other end of the drainage channel 6 is higher than the bottom of the drainage system 11, groundwater entering the drainage channel 6 can be completely discharged into the drainage system 11, preventing water accumulation.

[0046] Furthermore, a cover is installed on top of the water collection tank 7 so that the cover can be opened to access the water collection tank 7 for maintenance when the drainage channel 6 becomes blocked; or the cover can be opened periodically to clean away the sediment deposited in the water collection tank 7.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drainage tunnel 4 includes a steel pipe 41, with both ends of the steel pipe 41 connected to the main tunnel 1 and the groundwater development zone 2, respectively. Multiple drainage holes 42 are provided on the peripheral wall of the steel pipe 41 to allow groundwater from the surrounding rock to seep into the steel pipe 41 through the drainage holes 42. Specifically, the multiple drainage holes 42 can be arranged in a quincunx pattern on the upper peripheral wall of the steel pipe 41 to facilitate the introduction of groundwater from the surrounding rock into the existing drainage system 11 of the main tunnel 1 through the drainage tunnel 4, and then discharge it outside the tunnel, thus solving the tunnel seepage problem at its source.

[0048] This invention also provides a construction method for a drainage structure built into a spillway, the method being used to install the drainage structure as described in any of the above embodiments; the construction method includes the following steps:

[0049] S1: Excavate the chamber around the tunnel to connect with the main tunnel 1, and reinforce the soil around the chamber so that the chamber forms the starting working shaft 3;

[0050] S2: Install a pipe jacking machine 34 in the starting working shaft 3, use the pipe jacking machine 34 to push the steel pipe 41 into the surrounding rock, and make the end of the steel pipe 41 away from the pipe jacking machine 34 contact or pass through the location where groundwater is developed.

[0051] It should be noted that the construction method in this embodiment of the invention is carried out in the surrounding rock or rock strata around the tunnel. The surrounding rock refers to the surrounding rock or rock mass around the steel pipe 41 whose stress state has changed due to the construction.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the steel pipe 41 is pressed into the surrounding rock using the pipe jacking method, which has high construction efficiency and little impact on the existing tunnel. The groundwater developed in the surrounding rock is guided to the existing drainage system 11 in the main tunnel 1 through the steel pipe 41, thus effectively solving the problem of water seepage and the inability to simultaneously ensure the safety of the main tunnel 1 in the prior art.

[0053] Specifically, the expansion of the tunnel around the tunnel in this embodiment of the invention includes at least: expanding the tunnel in the transverse passage, horizontal guide, inclined shaft or main tunnel, and the specific expansion location can be determined according to the properties of the surrounding rock and the requirements of the tunnel.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, prior to step S2, the construction method further includes:

[0055] A back wall 31 is constructed in the starting working shaft 3, and a hydraulic press 32 is installed on the back wall 31. A base guide rail 33 is laid in the starting working shaft 3 so that the pipe jacking machine 34 is installed on the base guide rail 33 and is movably connected to the hydraulic press 32.

[0056] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the back wall 31 is a measure to resist the jacking force within the starting working shaft 3, mainly to provide sufficient support behind the hydraulic press 32 when it is jacking out. In application, the pipe jacking machine 34 is placed at the very front of the jacking steel pipe 41, and tunnel excavation is completed using mechanical or hydraulic breaking methods. Simultaneously, with the jacking force generated by the hydraulic press 32, the steel pipe 41 overcomes the friction with the surrounding soil, jacking into the surrounding rock at the designed slope and removing the excavated soil. After one section of steel pipe 41 is jacked into the surrounding rock, the second section is lowered and jacking continues until the first section of steel pipe 41 reaches or passes through a location with well-developed groundwater. After the first section of steel pipe 41 reaches the predetermined position, the pipe jacking machine 34 is retrieved to avoid affecting the drainage capacity of the drainage tunnel 4. The base guide rail 33 ensures that the steel pipe 41 and the pipe jacking machine 34 are jacked into the surrounding rock in a predetermined direction.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, a drainage hole 42 is pre-set on the peripheral wall of one end of the steel pipe 41 near the starting working well 3; the construction method further includes:

[0058] Based on the groundwater development, a radial drainage hole 5 is drilled into the surrounding rock at the location of drainage hole 42.

[0059] This setting, such as Figure 6 As shown, groundwater in the surrounding rock enters the steel pipe 41 through the radial drainage hole 5 and the drainage hole 42, and then introduces the groundwater into the existing drainage system 11 of the tunnel main tunnel 1, and finally discharges it outside the tunnel, thus solving the tunnel seepage problem at its source.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the construction method further includes:

[0061] After step S2 is completed, the pipe jacking machine 34 is retrieved to avoid interfering with the flow of groundwater;

[0062] A water collection pool 7 is excavated at one end of the steel pipe 41 where a drainage hole 42 is opened, and a movable cover plate is installed above the water collection pool 7.

[0063] A drainage channel 6 is provided between the water collection pool 7 and the drainage system 11 of the main tunnel 1. The water collection pool 7 is connected to the drainage system 11 through the drainage channel 6. The two ends of the drainage channel 6 are higher than the bottom of the drainage system 11 and the bottom of the water collection pool 7, respectively.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, because one end of the drainage channel 6 is higher than the bottom of the collection tank 7, the groundwater entering the collection tank 7 needs to reach a certain level before entering the drainage channel 6. This allows the groundwater to settle before being discharged, preventing sediment carried in the groundwater from settling in the drainage channel 6 or the drainage system 11 and causing blockages. Simultaneously, because the other end of the drainage channel 6 is higher than the bottom of the drainage system 11, the groundwater entering the drainage channel 6 can be completely discharged into the drainage system 11, preventing water accumulation. Furthermore, a cover plate is movably installed above the collection tank 7, allowing access to the collection tank 7 for maintenance when the drainage channel 6 becomes blocked; or the cover plate can be opened periodically to remove sediment deposited in the collection tank 7.

[0065] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and construed as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A construction method for a drainage structure built into a spillway, characterized in that, The construction method is used to install a drainage structure, the drainage structure comprising: A drainage tunnel, one end of which connects to the main tunnel, and the other end of which connects to a groundwater-developing zone, to introduce groundwater from the groundwater-developing zone into the main tunnel; the drainage tunnel is located between the main tunnel and the groundwater-developing zone; the drainage tunnel includes a steel pipe, with both ends of the steel pipe connected to the main tunnel and the groundwater-developing zone respectively; multiple drainage holes are formed on the peripheral wall of the steel pipe to allow groundwater in the surrounding rock to seep into the steel pipe through the drainage holes; The drainage capacity of the main tunnel's drainage system is greater than the drainage capacity of the spillway, i.e., P 正 >P 泄 ; The construction method includes the following steps: S1: The surrounding area of ​​the main tunnel or the existing cross passage, pilot tunnel or inclined shaft is expanded to form a chamber connected to the main tunnel, and the soil around the chamber is reinforced so that the chamber forms the starting working shaft; S2: Install a pipe jacking machine in the starting working shaft, use the pipe jacking machine to push the steel pipe into the surrounding rock, and make the end of the steel pipe away from the pipe jacking machine contact or pass through the groundwater development zone.

2. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water collection pool is formed at one end of the drainage tunnel, and the water collection pool is connected to the drainage system of the main tunnel through a drainage channel.

3. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, A cover plate is movably installed above the water collection tank.

4. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the water collection tank; The bottom of the drainage channel is higher than the bottom of the drainage system.

5. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to step S2, the construction method further includes: A back wall is constructed at the starting working shaft, and a hydraulic press is installed on the back wall. A base guide rail is laid inside the starting working shaft so that the pipe jacking machine is installed on the base guide rail and is movably connected to the hydraulic press.

6. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drainage hole is pre-set on the peripheral wall of one end of the steel pipe near the starting working well; The construction method also includes: Based on the groundwater development, radial drainage holes are drilled into the surrounding rock at the location of the drainage hole.

7. The construction method of the drainage structure built into the spillway tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction method also includes: After step S2 is completed, the pipe jacking machine is retrieved to avoid interfering with the flow of groundwater; A water collection tank is excavated at one end of the steel pipe where the drainage hole is located, and a movable cover plate is installed above the water collection tank. A drainage channel is provided between the water collection pool and the drainage system of the main tunnel, and the water collection pool is connected to the drainage system through the drainage channel.

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