A special firearm for unmanned aerial combat platforms

Abstract

The present invention discloses a special firearm for use in unmanned aerial combat platforms, comprising a barrel assembly, an automatic mechanism assembly, a bolt carrier, and a safety assembly. The safety assembly is used to engage or disengage the firearm. The automatic mechanism assembly comprises a bolt carrier, a rack mounted on the bolt carrier, and an output gear meshing with the rack. The output gear is an incomplete gear, wherein the arc length of the toothed portion is equal to the bolt carrier recoil distance, and the time required for the toothless portion to rotate is greater than the time required for the bolt carrier to recoil. The output gear is connected to a transmission assembly, which serves as an external energy source for the automatic mechanism assembly and is used to drive the output gear to rotate, thereby achieving bolt carrier recoil. The transmission assembly is equipped with a backstop mechanism to limit reverse rotation of the output gear, so that the bolt carrier can only recoil when the output gear rotates to the toothless portion. By providing energy through an external energy source, the impact of the large impact force of the automatic mechanism recoiling during shooting on the shooting accuracy of the unmanned aerial combat platform is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of new structure design of firearms, in particular to a special firearm used for an unmanned aerial combat platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development and application of intelligent, unmanned, and digital technologies in the military, unmanned combat systems based on network information systems are gradually entering the battlefield, accelerating the evolution of warfare. Unmanned aerial combat platforms integrate reconnaissance and attack capabilities into a single platform. They utilize high-performance reconnaissance and surveillance equipment to search, discover, and lock onto targets, and then use specialized firearms carried by the platform to deliver precise firepower strikes on discovered targets, significantly shortening the time from target discovery to strike. Furthermore, unmanned combat can maximize personnel safety and minimize the potential for casualties.

[0003] Most existing unmanned aerial combat platforms directly install standard firearms on drones. The recoil, size, weight and other indicators of conventional firearms are difficult to meet the requirements of drone combat. It is impossible to achieve the various performance indicators of unmanned aerial combat platforms simply by optimizing the mounting gimbal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special firearm for an unmanned aerial combat platform to meet the combat needs of the unmanned aerial combat platform. As a special combat payload for unmanned aerial vehicles, the firearm structure designed to be adapted for aerial combat and the external energy automatic principle can enable the firearm to exert maximum effectiveness in the air.

[0005] The technical solutions for achieving the purpose of the present invention are:

[0006] A special firearm for an unmanned aerial combat platform, comprising a barrel assembly, an automatic assembly, a bolt carrier, and a safety assembly;

[0007] The safety assembly is used to complete the safety or release action of the firearm;

[0008] The automatic mechanism assembly includes a bolt carrier, a rack mounted on the bolt carrier, and an output gear meshing with the rack; the output gear is an incomplete gear, the arc length of the toothed portion being equal to the recoil distance of the bolt carrier, and the time required for the toothless portion to rotate being greater than the time required for the bolt carrier to recoil;

[0009] The output gear is connected to the transmission assembly, which serves as an external energy source for the automatic machine assembly and is used to drive the rotation of the output gear, driving the rack to move in a direction parallel to the barrel to realize the recoil action of the bolt carrier; the transmission assembly is provided with a non-return mechanism for limiting the reverse rotation of the output gear, so that the bolt carrier can only realize the recoil action when the output gear rotates to the toothless part.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0011] (1) This special firearm abandons the conventional firearm’s method of using gunpowder gas as internal energy to complete automatic action. Instead, it adopts external energy supply and completes automatic action through gear rack mechanism transmission. The motor as the power source can control the speed to eliminate the impact of the large impact force of the automatic machine recoil when shooting on the shooting accuracy of the unmanned aerial combat platform.

[0012] (2) The automatic action of the firearm is achieved through the gear rack transmission. The output gear is fixed on the output shaft of the transmission assembly and is driven by an electric motor, replacing the gunpowder gas to drive the automatic mechanism. The movement of each moving part of the firearm is completely in a forced state, and the inertial movement of any component is not utilized. This can ensure that the automatic mechanism moves smoothly and the shooting action is reliable, thereby ensuring the reliability of the firearm.

[0013] (3) The movement of the rack and pinion mechanism is controlled by external energy to drive the movement of the automatic machine. This automatic method can quickly discharge "dud" ammunition without recalling the drone for manual bomb discharge, eliminating possible malfunctions of the special firearms of the aerial unmanned combat platform.

[0014] (4) By optimizing the rack mechanism, the second tooth at the meshing end of the rack and the output gear was removed to facilitate the meshing of the rack and gear, reduce collision and wear, and at the same time thicken the first tooth to ensure structural strength.

[0015] (5) By adding a check gear to the output gear shaft, the safety of the special firearm can be improved. This can prevent the bolt carrier from freely returning under the action of the recoil spring when the firearm stops firing due to a power outage or other fault during the recoil process of the automatic mechanism, thus preventing the bolt carrier from freely returning under the action of the recoil spring and causing a "misfire". When this happens, the check gear will jam the check gear to ensure that the bolt carrier does not freely return, thereby ensuring the safety of the special firearm.

[0016] (6) By adding a magnet to the rear end of the bolt carrier, which is connected to the bolt carrier through a threaded connection, when the gun is fired, each time the bolt carrier recoils into position, it senses the Hall effect sensor installed at the rear end of the lower receiver and transmits the signal to the fire control system, thereby recording the number of bullets fired in real time, making it easier to control the battlefield situation.

[0017] (7) The safety lever is controlled by the servo to secure and release the bolt carrier. This type of electronically controlled mechanical safety is simpler in structure and more reliable than conventional mechanical safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is the general assembly drawing of a special firearm;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the internal structure of a special firearm (excluding the receiver);

[0020] Figure 3 This is an explosion diagram of a special firearm;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the automaton assembly;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear rack mechanism;

[0023] Figure 6 The exploded view of the transmission assembly;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse gear working;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the insurance status. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 This embodiment provides a specialized firearm for use with unmanned aerial combat platforms. This firearm is powered by an external energy source and uses a rack and pinion transmission mechanism to drive an automatic mechanism, completing automatic actions such as recoil and return, thereby controlling the firearm's firing. This specialized firearm comprises a barrel assembly 1, a feed assembly 2, a receiver assembly 3, a transmission assembly 4, an automatic mechanism assembly 5, a safety assembly 6, and a shot counter assembly 7. The muzzle is considered the front end in this context.

[0028] The barrel assembly 1, the feeding assembly 2, the transmission assembly 4, the automatic assembly 5, and the safety assembly 6 are all installed on the receiver assembly 3. The transmission assembly 4 is mainly composed of an encoder 401, a motor 402, a reduction box 403, a shaft sleeve 404, a motor-end reduction gear 405, a check gear 406, an output-end reduction gear 407, a check gear 408, etc. The motor 402 is provided with an encoder 401 for monitoring the rotation angle; the motor 402 is connected to the reduction box 403 and the motor-end reduction gear 405 in this way, and the motor-end reduction gear 405 is connected to the output shaft of the reduction box 403 through two shaft sleeves 404. On the top; the motor end reduction gear 405 is meshed with the output end reduction gear 407 to redirect the power; the check gear 406 and the motor end reduction gear 405 are installed on the same rotating shaft, and the check gear 408 is connected to the receiver assembly 3 through a torsion spring and meshes with the check gear 406 under the force of the torsion spring; the motor 402 drives the automatic machine assembly 5 to move after being transmitted through the reduction box 403, the motor end reduction gear 405, and the output end reduction gear 407. The check gear 406 and the check gear 408 can jam the output gear 506 when the special firearm stops firing due to a malfunction, so that the output gear 506 cannot rotate clockwise (referring to Figure 2 The automatic mechanism assembly 5 comprises a head 501, a rack 502, a pin 503, a bolt carrier 504, a magnet 505, and an output gear 506. The head 501 is mounted on the front end of the bolt carrier 504. The rack 502 is connected to the bolt carrier 504 via the pin 503. The magnet 505 is threadedly connected to the rear end of the bolt carrier 504. The output gear 506 is mounted on the same shaft as the check gear 406 and the output reduction gear 407. It meshes with the rack 502, and this meshing transmission achieves the reciprocating motion of the automatic mechanism assembly 5. The safety assembly 6 consists of a safety lever 601, a servo output rod 602, and a servo 603. The servo 603 is inverted on the receiver. One side of the servo output rod 602 is fixed to the output shaft of the servo 603, and the other side constrains the movement of the safety lever 601 through a guide groove and a guide column. A corresponding track is machined on the receiver for the safety lever 601. When the servo 603 drives the servo output rod 602 to rotate, the safety lever 601 can move along the receiver track perpendicular to the direction of the barrel.

[0029] The barrel assembly 1 is mainly composed of a muzzle brake, a barrel, etc. The muzzle brake is fixed to the front end of the barrel by threads and pins, and the barrel is fixed to the receiver by components such as a sleeve and a pin. The barrel assembly 1 as a whole guides the projectile and reduces the recoil. The ammunition feed assembly 2 is mainly composed of an upper cover, a lower cover, a spiral spring, etc. The spiral spring is stuck between the upper cover and the lower cover of the ammunition disc, and the upper cover and the lower cover of the ammunition disc are connected by bolts. The ammunition feed assembly 2 mainly plays the role of loading and feeding ammunition. The barrel assembly 1 and the ammunition feed assembly 2 are both conventional components of firearms, but are not the focus of this patent, so they are not described in detail.

[0030] The purpose of this patented design is to provide a special firearm for an aerial unmanned combat platform. As a special weapon for aerial combat drones, this special firearm can solve problems such as the incompatibility of conventional firearms with drones and their inability to adapt to air combat environments. That is, the special firearm structure designed by this patent is applied to aerial unmanned combat platforms for shooting, which has little impact on drone flight, high shooting accuracy, and can complete corresponding functional requirements through control without recalling the drone.

[0031] Combine Figure 4 、 Figure 5The automatic mechanism assembly 5 is driven by an external energy source to automatically actuate the firearm. The bolt carrier 504 and rack 502 are mated via dovetail grooves and secured by pins 503 to ensure strength and smooth transmission. A threaded hole is defined on the rear end of the bolt carrier 504, into which a magnet 505 is threadedly connected. The rack 502 meshes with the output gear 506, driving the bolt carrier 504 to automatically actuate. The output gear 506 is a partial gear with an arc length equal to the recoil distance of the bolt carrier 504, and the rotation time of the toothless portion is greater than the time required for the bolt carrier 504 to recoil. The bolt head 501 is screwed into the bolt carrier 504 and locked. The structure of the bolt head 501 and the recoil spring used to recoil the bolt carrier 504 along the barrel are not the focus of this patent and are not described in detail. The rack 502 has its second tooth removed from the end that meshes with the output gear 506, facilitating meshing of the rack and pinion mechanism and reducing collisions and wear.

[0032] Combine Figure 6 、 Figure 7 , the transmission assembly 4 can complete the function of driving the automatic machine assembly 5 with external energy; the motor 402 drives the output gear 506 to move after being decelerated through the reduction box 403, the motor-end reduction gear 405, and the output-end reduction gear 407; the check gear 408 is rotated and toggled by the check gear 406 when the motor 402 drives the transmission assembly 4 and the automatic machine assembly 5 to move normally, but when a fault occurs and the motor 402 stops, if the bolt frame 504 has recoiled to the position where the bullet can be loaded, the free recoil of the bolt frame 504 will cause a safety problem, and the function of the check gear 408 is to jam the check gear 406 at this time to prevent the bolt frame 504 from recoiling.

[0033] Combine Figure 8 , the safety assembly 6 is in the safety state, the servo 603 drives the servo output rod 602 to rotate, driving the safety bar 601 to slide along the guide rail to complete the safety or release action. When the safety assembly 6 is in the safety state, that is, the servo 603 drives the servo output rod 602 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the safety bar 601 is inserted into the safety hole of the bolt frame 504. At this time, the servo 603 can withstand a torque greater than the torque generated by the motor 402 driving the bolt frame 504 to recoil, so it can jam the automatic machine assembly 5, realizing the safety function; when the safety assembly 6 is in the release state, that is, the servo 603 drives the servo output rod 602 to rotate clockwise, so that the safety bar 601 leaves the safety hole of the bolt frame 504, and the automatic machine assembly 5 moves automatically without constraint, realizing the release function.

[0034] The shot counting assembly 7 uses a Hall effect sensor to count shots. When the distance between the Hall effect sensor and the sensing magnet 505 is less than 20 mm, the Hall effect sensor's normally open switch closes, and the shot count is counted. Whenever the bolt carrier recoils, the distance between the magnet 505 on the bolt carrier and the shot counting assembly is less than 20 mm, and the normally open switch closes, resulting in a shot count.

[0035] The working process of the special firearm to complete the automatic action is as follows: first, it is determined that the safety is in the disarmed state, and then a shooting command is issued to the fire control. The motor 402 drives the transmission assembly 4 to work, driving the output gear 506 to rotate. The toothed portion of the output gear 506 engages with the rack 502 to drive the bolt carrier 504 to recoil. When the output gear 506 completes the toothed portion, the bolt carrier 504 completes the recoil action. When the output gear 506 rotates from the toothed portion to the toothless portion (the toothless portion is opposite the rack), it separates from the rack. The bolt carrier 504 begins to recoil under the action of the recoil spring, pushes the bullet into the chamber, and strikes forward to complete the shooting of one bullet. Then the output gear 506 continues to rotate to complete the toothless portion. The time for the output gear 506 to rotate through the toothless portion is greater than the time for the bolt carrier 504 to complete the recoil. When the output gear 506 rotates to the toothed portion again, the above process is repeated to complete the continuous shooting.

Claims

1. A special firearm for an unmanned aerial combat platform, comprising a barrel assembly, an automatic mechanism assembly, a bolt carrier, and a safety assembly; characterized in that: The safety assembly is used to complete the safety or release action of the firearm; The automatic mechanism assembly includes a bolt carrier, a rack mounted on the bolt carrier, and an output gear meshing with the rack; the output gear is an incomplete gear, the arc length of the toothed portion being equal to the recoil distance of the bolt carrier, and the time required for the toothless portion to rotate being greater than the time required for the bolt carrier to recoil; The output gear is connected to the transmission assembly, which serves as an external energy source for the automatic machine assembly and is used to drive the rotation of the output gear, thereby driving the rack to move in a direction parallel to the barrel to achieve the recoil of the bolt carrier. The transmission assembly is provided with a non-return mechanism to limit the reverse rotation of the output gear, so that the bolt carrier can only achieve recoil when the output gear rotates to the toothless portion. The transmission assembly includes a drive unit, a drive end reduction gear, an output end reduction gear, a check gear, and a check gear; The output end reduction gear, the check gear, and the output gear are coaxially connected; the driving unit is connected to the driving end reduction gear, the driving end reduction gear is meshed with the output end reduction gear, and the output end reduction gear outputs the driving unit power to the output gear; the check gear is meshed with the check gear, so that the output gear can only rotate in one direction; The drive unit includes an encoder, a motor, and a reduction gearbox connected in sequence; The safety assembly consists of a safety rod, a steering gear output rod, and a steering gear. The steering gear is inverted on the receiver. One side of the steering gear output rod is fixed to the output shaft of the steering gear, and the other side constrains the movement of the safety rod through a guide groove and a guide column. A corresponding track is machined on the receiver for the safety rod. When the steering gear drives the steering gear output rod to rotate, the safety rod can move along the receiver track perpendicular to the direction of the barrel. The bolt carrier and the rack are matched through dovetail grooves and fixed by pins; The special firearm is also provided with a shot counting assembly for counting the number of shots shot according to the number of times the bolt frame recoils.

2. The special firearm for an unmanned aerial combat platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnet is provided at the rear end of the bolt frame, and the projectile counting assembly uses a Hall sensor to count. When the bolt frame recoils, the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnet is less than a set distance, the normally open switch of the Hall sensor is inductively closed, and the number of projectiles is counted once.

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