Antenna device, RF transceiver and RF front-end circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna device, an RF transceiver and an RF front-end circuit. The antenna device comprises a substrate, antenna elements on the substrate and surface wave filter structures on the substrate. Each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent ones of the antenna elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to wireless communication devices. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to ultra-wideband isolation for reduced coupling in antenna arrays. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, wireless communication has experienced rapid advancements driven by demands from newer applications at each front end of wireless technologies, such as mobile communications (e.g., 5G and above), satellite communications, or the Internet of Things (IoT). Different technologies have corresponding specific requirements, and based on specific applications, these requirements can be for high speed and low latency, increased capacity, low power consumption, and large-scale device connectivity, among others.

[0003] In the near future, there will be many applications where these technologies can be aggregated in a single terminal to provide ubiquitous services across different technologies. Furthermore, in other application scenarios, this need can be used to support technologies globally across different geographical regions. For example, the significant global frequency band range in mmWave 5G communication extends from 24 GHz to 43.5 GHz, but individual regions may only operate within a limited portion of this spectrum. Therefore, to meet the needs of such applications, it will be expected that the front-end of the terminal supports a wide frequency bandwidth.

[0004] Furthermore, these demands from underlying applications place stringent requirements on device front-end and antenna design. The antenna, perhaps the single most critical component of a wireless communication system, acts as the interface between the terminal device and what is commonly referred to as the wireless communication medium or wireless channel. In addition to wider frequency bandwidths, the trend is also towards antennas that are more flexible in beamforming, thus providing options for electronically scanned arrays or phased arrays.

[0005] For antenna designers, it is known that for antennas capable of covering a wide operating bandwidth (whether catering to multiple technologies, covering multiple regions, or both), the antenna needs a larger electrical volume. For planar antennas manufactured using conventional printed circuit board (PCB) technology, the antenna needs to be supported on a thicker dielectric material (also known as a substrate). However, this thicker substrate simultaneously supports surface waves, which are detrimental to antenna performance. Surface waves in the dielectric material increase coupling between antenna elements in the antenna array, resulting in power loss in nearby antenna elements instead of contributing to direct radiation. This leads to lower antenna efficiency and even scanning dead spots (meaning the antenna cannot radiate in one or more specific directions and loses all power in adjacent antenna elements).

[0006] Furthermore, wide-beam scanning imposes further constraints on the spacing of antenna elements in electronically controllable antennas (ESAs). The closer element spacing required to avoid grating lobes (strong radiation in the opposite direction to the main lobe, which is generally undesirable) in the scanning pattern implies stronger coupling between adjacent elements via surface waves. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides an antenna device comprising: a substrate; a plurality of antenna elements on the substrate; and a plurality of surface wave filter structures on the substrate, each surface wave filter structure being operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements among the plurality of antenna elements.

[0008] The present invention provides a radio frequency transceiver, comprising: an antenna, which includes a substrate, a plurality of antenna elements on the substrate, and a plurality of surface wave filter structures on the substrate, wherein each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements among the plurality of antenna elements.

[0009] This invention provides a radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit, comprising: a digital signal processing unit; and a transceiver coupled to the digital signal processing unit to transmit signals to and receive signals from the digital signal processing unit. The transceiver includes: an antenna comprising a substrate, a plurality of antenna elements on the substrate, and a plurality of surface wave filter structures on the substrate, wherein each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements among the plurality of antenna elements. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings by way of example rather than limitation, and similar reference numerals in the drawings indicate similar elements.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of an RF front-end integrated circuit according to one embodiment.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to one embodiment.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating another example of an antenna device according to one embodiment.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating a reference plane of a broadband antenna element on a dielectric substrate of a printed circuit board and surface wave excitation therein.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating strong electrical coupling of surface waves between antenna elements.

[0017] Figure 7 This illustrates the isolation between two antenna elements.

[0018] Figure 8A This is a diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device having a surface wave filter structure between two antenna elements according to one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 8B This illustrates an embodiment. Figure 8A A diagram showing reduced surface wave coupling between two antenna elements.

[0020] Figure 9 Examples Figure 8A Improved isolation between antenna elements in the antenna equipment.

[0021] Figures 10A-10B Examples Figure 8A Improvements to the embedded pattern of antenna elements in antenna devices.

[0022] Figure 11A-11B Examples Figure 8A Improvements in antenna equipment through isolation of surface current magnitude.

[0023] Figure 12 Examples Figure 4 Improved isolation between antenna elements in the antenna equipment.

[0024] Figures 13A-13B This is a block diagram illustrating yet another example of an antenna device and a surface wave filter structure according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 14 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of an extended or scalable antenna device according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Various embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described with reference to the details of the following discussion, and the accompanying drawings will illustrate various embodiments. The following description and drawings are illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Numerous specific details are described to provide a thorough understanding of various embodiments of the invention. However, in some instances, well-known or conventional details have not been described to provide a brief discussion of embodiments of the invention.

[0027] The reference to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0028] Note that in the corresponding figures of the embodiments, signals are represented by lines. Some lines may be thicker or these lines may be diagonal to indicate more component signal paths (such as differential signals, etc.), and / or have arrows at one or more ends to indicate the main direction of information flow. Such indications are not intended to be limiting. Rather, lines are used in conjunction with one or more exemplary embodiments to facilitate easier understanding of the circuit or logic unit. Any representation of signals governed by design requirements or preferences may indeed include one or more signals that can travel in either direction and can be implemented using any suitable type of signaling scheme.

[0029] Throughout this specification and in the claims, the term "connection" means a direct electrical connection between connected things without any intermediate means. The term "coupled" means a direct electrical connection between connected things or an indirect connection via one or more passive or active intermediate means. The term "circuit" means one or more passive and / or active components arranged to cooperate with each other to provide a desired function. The term "signal" means at least one current signal, voltage signal, or data / clock signal. The meanings of "a," "an," and "the" include plural references. The meaning of "in" includes both "in" and "on".

[0030] As used herein, unless otherwise stated, the use of ordinal adjectives such as “first,” “second,” and “third” to describe common objects merely indicates reference to different instances of similar objects and is not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence in time, space, order, or any other way. The term “approximately” here means within 10% of the target.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention relate to an antenna or antenna device designed to reduce surface wave coupling between tightly packed antenna elements in an antenna array. As described in more detail below, this can be achieved by using surface wave filtering structures (e.g., frequency-selective structures) around the antenna elements, which act as surface wave mode filters to reduce surface wave interactions between adjacent antenna elements and improve element-to-element isolation over a wide bandwidth. The reduction in surface wave coupling can also improve the element patterning in the antenna array. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention described herein can play a positive and crucial role in promoting and enhancing the development of next-generation wireless communication antenna systems that require such antenna arrays.

[0032] According to a first aspect, the antenna device includes a substrate, antenna elements on the substrate, and surface wave filter structures on the substrate. Each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements.

[0033] In one embodiment, each surface wave filter structure is disposed on one side of an antenna element or between a pair of antenna elements.

[0034] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a printed circuit board (PCB) having a coating of dielectric material forming a substrate.

[0035] In one embodiment, the isolation between adjacent antenna elements is at least 10 dB in both the low-band and wide-band spectrum.

[0036] In one embodiment, each antenna element is spaced apart from another antenna element based on a portion of the free space wavelength (e.g., ranging from about 0.3 to 0.6 free space wavelengths).

[0037] In one embodiment, the antenna element includes a wideband antenna element.

[0038] According to the second aspect, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver includes an antenna, which includes a substrate, antenna elements on the substrate, and surface wave filter structures on the substrate. Each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements among a plurality of antenna elements.

[0039] According to a third aspect, the radio frequency (RF) front-end circuitry includes a digital signal processing unit and a transceiver coupled to the digital signal processing unit to transmit signals to and receive signals from the digital signal processing unit. The transceiver includes an antenna comprising a substrate, antenna elements on the substrate, and surface wave filter structures on the substrate. Each surface wave filter structure is operable to decouple surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements among a plurality of antenna elements.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. See also Figure 1 The wireless communication device 100 (also referred to as the wireless device) includes an RF front-end module 101 and a baseband processor 102, etc. The wireless device 100 can be any type of wireless communication device, such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a hotspot device, a customer premises equipment (CPE), a network equipment device (e.g., an Internet of Things or IoT device), etc.

[0041] In radio receiver circuitry, the RF front end is a general term for all circuitry from the antenna up to and including the mixer stage. The RF front end consists of all components in the receiver that process the signal at the original input RF frequency before it is converted to a lower frequency (e.g., IF). The baseband processor is a device (chip or part of a chip) in the network interface that manages all radio functions (requiring all antenna functions).

[0042] In one embodiment, the RF front-end module 101 includes one or more RF transceivers, wherein each RF transceiver transmits and receives RF signals within a specific frequency band (e.g., a specific frequency range, such as a non-overlapping frequency range) via one of a plurality of RF antennas. The RF front-end IC chip also includes an IQ generator and / or frequency synthesizer coupled to the RF transceivers. The IQ generator or generation circuitry generates LO signals and provides LO signals to the respective RF transceivers, enabling the RF transceivers to mix, modulate, and / or demodulate RF signals within their respective frequency bands. The RF transceivers and IQ generation circuitry (one or more) may be integrated as a single RF front-end IC chip or package within a single IC chip.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of an RF front-end integrated circuit (IC) according to an embodiment of the present invention. See also Figure 2 The RF front-end IC 101 includes an IQ generator and / or frequency synthesizer 200 coupled to the RF transceiver 211. The transceiver 211 is configured to transmit and receive RF signals within one or more frequency bands or a wide range of RF frequencies via the RF antenna 221. Although only one transceiver and antenna are shown, multiple pairs of transceivers and antennas can be implemented, one pair for each frequency band.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of an antenna (or radiating) device according to one embodiment. In some embodiments, antenna device 300 may be Figure 2 It is part of the RF transceiver 211. See also Figure 3 The antenna device 300 includes, but is not limited to: a substrate 301 (e.g., a dielectric material layer), surface wave filter structures 302A-302C (e.g., frequency-selective surface wave filter structures), and antenna elements 303A-303B (e.g., broadband antenna elements).

[0045] In an embodiment, substrate 301 may be part of a printed circuit board (PCB) (not shown), or substrate 301 may be a layer or coating of a PCB. Surface wave filter structures 302A-302C and antenna elements 303A-303B (which may together form an antenna element array) may be supported on substrate 301. In an embodiment, the respective surface wave filter structures may be disposed around the antenna elements (e.g., on one side of the antenna elements) or between two antenna elements without direct contact with the antenna elements. The antenna elements 303A-303B may be spaced closely (in terms of wavelength in free space, e.g., the speed of light divided by 5G frequencies) to avoid grating lobes, for example, for wide-angle scanning capabilities. The antenna element spacing may vary, for example, from about 0.3 wavelengths at lower frequencies of the supported frequency band to about 0.5 to 0.6 wavelengths at higher frequencies of the supported frequency band.

[0046] In this embodiment, surface wave filter structures 302A-302C are configured to reduce surface waves in substrate 301, thereby improving the isolation between antenna elements 303A-303B, especially in a tightly packed configuration. The arrangement of surface wave filter structures 302A-302C also improves the antenna radiation pattern properties of antenna elements 303A-303B.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating another example of an antenna device according to one embodiment. In some embodiments, antenna device 400 may be Figure 2 It is part of the RF transceiver 211. Figure 4 In this embodiment, the antenna device 400 includes, but is not limited to, a PCB 401 having a surface wave filter structure 402 and an antenna element 403 disposed on a ground plane 404. The PCB 401 may include a thick dielectric coating forming a substrate. As previously described, the respective surface wave filter structures may be disposed around the antenna element (e.g., on one side of the antenna element) or between two antenna elements to reduce surface waves in the substrate of the PCB 401, thereby improving isolation between the antenna elements 403.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating a reference plane for a broadband antenna element on a dielectric substrate. See also... Figure 5 The broadband antenna 403 on the dielectric substrate 510 can cause strong surface waves 530 (e.g., transverse magnetic (TM) surface waves) to propagate in the substrate 510 along the direction of the antenna element array (e.g., the E-plane). Figure 6 As shown, the surface wave 530 trapped in the substrate 510 will increase the surface wave or E-field coupling between adjacent antenna elements.

[0049] Figure 6This diagram illustrates surface wave coupling between antenna elements. The surface wave coupling between antenna elements 403 in the antenna array in the E-plane is primarily due to surface wave excitation in the substrate 510 (e.g., surface wave excitation). Figure 5 (As shown). In Figure 6 In this configuration, one antenna element 403 is excited, while the other antenna element 403 is terminated to the system impedance. As can be seen in region 602, most of the excitation is coupled to the adjacent antenna element. This mutual coupling becomes more apparent if the transmission coefficient (also known as isolation) is examined between the two antenna elements 403.

[0050] Now see the example illustrating isolation between two antenna elements. Figure 7 As shown in Figure 703, the isolation between the two antenna elements 403 is approximately 5 dB in the low-frequency band spectrum. To obtain sufficient radiation efficiency of the antenna elements, it is desirable that the isolation between adjacent antenna elements be approximately 10 dB or more in the operating frequency band of the antenna array. Furthermore, it is well known that such mutual coupling, as the antenna array is scanned away from the line of sight, will cause changes in the active impedance of the array and is often the cause of scanning dead spots in phased arrays.

[0051] Figure 8A This is a diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device having a surface wave filter structure between two antenna elements according to one embodiment. Figure 8A In this context, a surface wave filter structure 402 (which can also be referred to as an isolation bar) is implemented between two adjacent antenna elements 403. See now... Figure 8B As shown in region 802, the application of structure 402 reduces surface wave coupling between antenna elements 403. In this example, one antenna element 403 (labeled Port1) is excited, while another antenna element 403 (labeled Port2) is terminated to the system impedance. Figure 8B As can be seen in, with Figure 6 In comparison, there is significantly less field interaction between adjacent antenna elements 403 (there is no surface wave filter structure 402 between antenna elements 403). When in Figure 9 This reduction in mutual coupling will become more apparent when the transmission coefficient is examined.

[0052] Now see the example. Figure 8A Improved isolation between antenna elements in the antenna equipment Figure 9 By applying the surface wave filter structure 402, the isolation between antenna elements 403 is achieved (by subtracting from the curve 901). Figure 7 The graph 703 (to obtain the isolation difference 903) improved by several decibels. Figure 9In the figure, the isolation achieved (line 901) is less than 10 dB across the entire band of interest (e.g., the desired low-frequency and wide-frequency spectrum). Furthermore, it can be observed that the application of the surface wave filter structure 402 facilitates impedance matching at the lower end of the band, which contributes to higher overall efficiency of the antenna device.

[0053] Figures 10A-10B Examples Figure 8A Improvements to the embedded patterns of antenna elements in antenna equipment. For example... Figure 10A As can be seen, before the application of the surface wave filter structure 402, due to the coupling between adjacent antenna elements 403, the element beamwidth of antenna element 403 in the E-plane is relatively narrow (as indicated by element pattern 1001). However, in Figure 10B In this process, by applying the surface wave filter structure 402, coupling has been reduced, thereby restoring the wide element beamwidth, which is desirable for a wide-scan antenna array (as indicated by element pattern 1003).

[0054] Figure 11A-11B Examples Figure 8A Improvements to the surface current of antenna devices. First see... Figure 11A (This illustrates the surface current magnitude of an antenna device without the surface wave filter structure 402.) The darker regions shown (e.g., regions 1101 and 1103) indicate that when one antenna port is excited, the other / adjacent port receives almost equal signal energy due to the strong surface wave coupling without the surface wave filter structure. See also... Figure 11B (This illustrates the surface current magnitude of an antenna device with surface wave filter structure 402), as shown by bright region 1102 and dark region 1104, when one port is excited (bright region 1102), due to the improved isolation in the structure, the other port receives a much weaker signal energy coupled to it (highlighted by the darker region 1104 around port 2). Therefore, as in Figure 11A-11B As can be seen, the application of the surface wave filter structure 402 will reduce surface wave coupling between adjacent antenna elements. Furthermore, when one element port is excited, (one or more) other ports will have relatively weak coupling. Therefore, by utilizing an antenna array to implement the surface wave filter structure 402, surface waves between antenna elements will be decoupled, thereby reducing wasted energy in nearby antenna elements.

[0055] Figure 12 Examples Figure 4 Improved isolation between antenna elements in the antenna equipment. Figure 12In the middle (and as previously described), two surface wave filter structures are added to the sides of the antenna elements (in addition to the third surface wave filter structure arranged between the elements). This will further improve the low-band isolation (as indicated by isolation difference 1205) while maintaining appropriate isolation in the wideband spectrum (as shown by lines 1201 and 1203). Therefore, (as...) Figure 12 The use of the surface wave filter structure shown can be extended to operate seamlessly in larger antenna arrays where the surface wave filter structure is set between pairs of antenna elements.

[0056] Figures 13A-13B This is a block diagram illustrating yet another example of an antenna device according to one embodiment. In some embodiments, antenna device 1300 may be Figure 2 It is part of the RF transceiver 211. Figure 13A (Perspective view of an antenna device with a 2×4 element array suitable for mobile platforms) and Figure 13B In the side view of the antenna device, the antenna device 1300 includes, but is not limited to, a PCB 1301 having a surface wave filter structure 1302 and an antenna element 1303 disposed on a ground plane 1304. The PCB 1301 may include a thick dielectric coating forming a substrate. See also... Figures 13A-13B Each surface wave filter structure 1302 can be disposed around the antenna element 1303 (e.g., on one side of the antenna element) or between a pair of antenna elements to reduce surface waves in the substrate of the PCB 1301. In an embodiment, the surface wave filter structure 1302 does not contact the antenna element 1303. Thus, in Figures 13A-13B In the example shown, a total of twelve surface wave filter structures 1302 are utilized in the 8-element antenna array, with four surface wave filter structures 1302 respectively disposed between four pairs of antenna elements 1303. The surface wave filter structures 1302 can vary in their precise form / size or geometry for the center and sides to accommodate the electrical load effects of the antenna elements 1303 and the surface wave filter structures 1302 on each other's frequency response.

[0057] In a similar way, Figures 13A-13B The example shown can be extended to even larger antenna arrays, such as ( Figure 14 The M×N antenna array shown is an example, where M and N are positive integers.

[0058] In the foregoing description, embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. It will be apparent that various modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Therefore, the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. An antenna device, comprising: substrate; Multiple antenna element pairs on the substrate; as well as The substrate has multiple sets of frequency-selective surface wave (SSW) filter strips, each of which is operable to decouple the SSW coupling between corresponding antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs. in, Each set of frequency selective surface wave (SSW) filter strips includes a first SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the first antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, a second SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the second antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, and a third SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first antenna element and the second antenna element and disposed between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element each have at least two sides without SSW filter strips. Each antenna element pair is aligned with the other remaining antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs; The first frequency selection surface wave filter strip of each group of frequency selection surface wave filter strips is aligned with the first frequency selection surface wave filter strips of the other groups of frequency selection surface wave filter strips. The second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of each group is aligned with the second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of the other remaining groups; and The third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of each group is aligned with the third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of the other remaining groups.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1 further includes a printed circuit board, i.e., a PCB, the printed circuit board including a coating of dielectric material forming the substrate.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The isolation between the respective antenna element pairs is at least 10 dB in both the low-frequency and wide-frequency spectrums.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The first antenna element is spaced apart from the second antenna element based on a portion of the free-space wavelength.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of antenna element pairs include wideband antenna elements.

6. A radio frequency transceiver, i.e., an RF transceiver, comprising: The antenna includes a substrate, a plurality of antenna element pairs on the substrate, and a plurality of frequency-selective surface wave filter strips on the substrate. in, Each set of frequency-selective surface wave filter bars can be operated to decouple the surface wave coupling between corresponding antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs; Each set of frequency selective surface wave (SSW) filter strips includes a first SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the first antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, a second SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the second antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, and a third SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first antenna element and the second antenna element and disposed between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element each have at least two sides without SSW filter strips. Each antenna element pair is aligned with the other remaining antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs; The first frequency selection surface wave filter strip of each group of frequency selection surface wave filter strips is aligned with the first frequency selection surface wave filter strips of the other groups of frequency selection surface wave filter strips. The second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of each group is aligned with the second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of the other remaining groups; and The third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of each group is aligned with the third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of the other remaining groups.

7. The RF transceiver according to claim 6, wherein, The antenna also includes a printed circuit board, i.e., a PCB, which includes a coating of dielectric material forming the substrate.

8. The RF transceiver according to claim 6, wherein, The isolation between the respective antenna element pairs is at least 10 dB in both the low-frequency and wide-frequency spectrums.

9. The RF transceiver according to claim 6, wherein, The first antenna element is spaced apart from the second antenna element based on free space wavelength.

10. The RF transceiver according to claim 6, wherein, The plurality of antenna element pairs include wideband antenna elements.

11. A radio frequency front-end circuit, comprising: Digital signal processing unit; as well as A transceiver coupled to the digital signal processing unit to transmit signals to and receive signals from the digital signal processing unit, the transceiver comprising: The antenna includes a substrate, a plurality of antenna element pairs on the substrate, and a plurality of frequency-selective surface wave filter strips on the substrate. Each set of frequency-selective surface wave filter bars can be operated to decouple the surface wave coupling between corresponding antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs; Each set of frequency selective surface wave (SSW) filter strips includes a first SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the first antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, a second SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first side of the second antenna element of the corresponding antenna element pair, and a third SSW filter strip arranged parallel to the first antenna element and the second antenna element and disposed between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element each have at least two sides without SSW filter strips. Each antenna element pair is aligned with the other remaining antenna element pairs in the plurality of antenna element pairs; The first frequency selection surface wave filter strip of each group of frequency selection surface wave filter strips is aligned with the first frequency selection surface wave filter strips of the other groups of frequency selection surface wave filter strips. The second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of each group is aligned with the second frequency-selective surface wave filter strip of the other remaining groups; and The third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of each group is aligned with the third frequency selective surface wave filter bar of the other remaining groups.

12. The RF front-end circuit according to claim 11, wherein, The antenna also includes a printed circuit board, i.e., a PCB, which includes a coating of dielectric material forming the substrate.

13. The RF front-end circuit according to claim 11, wherein, The isolation between the respective antenna element pairs is at least 10 dB in both the low-frequency and wide-frequency spectrums.

14. The RF front-end circuit according to claim 11, wherein, The first antenna element is spaced apart from the second antenna element based on free space wavelength.

15. The RF front-end circuit according to claim 11, wherein, The plurality of antenna element pairs include wideband antenna elements.

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