Water quality self-adaptive system and method suitable for fish collection and release over dam system

Abstract

The application discloses a water quality self-adaptive system and method suitable for a fish gathering dam passing and releasing system, and relates to the technical field of fish gathering dam passing and releasing systems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of ecological protection of water conservancy projects, and particularly relates to a water quality self-adaptive system and method suitable for a fish gathering and transporting dam-passing releasing system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the fish collected and the water in the temporary breeding pool are both from the tail water gate, the dissolved oxygen of the water here is much higher than the saturation value, and the dissolved oxygen of the reservoir area of the dam-passing releasing area is only close to the saturation value even if the flow rate is 0.25 m / s, and in addition, during the fish gathering and sorting process, fish have a strong emergency response, which greatly increases the oxygen consumption of fish, and even fish with injuries need to be rescued, so the dissolved oxygen of the temporary breeding pool is set to be higher than the saturation value, and the temperature and dissolved oxygen of the temporary breeding cabin should be as close as possible to the natural temperature and dissolved oxygen of the river section during releasing, so that the fish released can adapt as much as possible, so there is a certain gradient; in the existing fish gathering station, the temperature and dissolved oxygen control method of the temporary breeding pool and the temporary breeding cabin is often relatively rigid, only the preset value is set according to experience, and then the corresponding water supplementing and oxygen increasing equipment is manually adjusted to control and adjust according to the preset value, which cannot effectively adapt to the variable hydrological conditions of different reservoirs, and is not conducive to accurate adjustment; therefore, a water quality self-adaptive system and method suitable for a fish gathering and transporting dam-passing releasing system is needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a water quality self-adaptive system and method suitable for a fish gathering and transporting dam-passing releasing system, which solves the problem that the temperature and dissolved oxygen adjustment of the temporary breeding pool and the temporary breeding cabin in the existing fish gathering station is relatively extensive and cannot realize self-adaptive accurate adjustment according to actual hydrological conditions, and has the characteristics that the water temperature and dissolved oxygen can be self-adaptively adjusted according to the actual hydrological conditions through a preset threshold range.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the application is: a water quality self-adaptive system suitable for a fish gathering and transporting dam-passing releasing system, comprising a fish gathering station control system, the fish gathering station control system is in communication connection with a control LCU; the control LCU is in communication connection with a temporary breeding pool local control box and a temporary breeding cabin local control box; the input end of the temporary breeding pool local control box and the temporary breeding cabin local control box is electrically connected with a sensor system, and the output end of the temporary breeding pool local control box and the temporary breeding cabin local control box is electrically connected with an execution device.

[0005] Preferably, the sensor system comprises a tail water quality sensor arranged in the temporary breeding pool and a temporary breeding pool water quality sensor, and a river water quality sensor and a temporary breeding cabin water quality sensor arranged in the temporary breeding cabin.

[0006] Further, the sensor system is preferably a YSI / HACH six-channel multifunctional water quality monitoring system, measuring parameters including PH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and the terminal has a handheld end and a computer end; the data is output to the fish gathering station control system, including data acquisition, transmission and receiving modules, with alarm function.

[0007] Further, the temporary holding tank control box is connected to the temporary holding tank on-site control box through 4G, realizing remote data communication, while the temporary holding tank is close to the LCU cabinet of the fish gathering station control system, and can be directly connected to the fish gathering monitoring system LCU cabinet through communication cable to realize data exchange.

[0008] Further, the power supply of the temporary holding tank on-site control box is provided by the original fish gathering station power supply system, and the power supply of the temporary holding tank on-site control box has two ways:

[0009] 1. The corresponding voltage power supply is provided by the release ship, which needs to confirm whether the original release ship is configured;

[0010] 2. If the above method is not configured, in order to avoid the structure change of the fish transport ship, a set of solar power supply system can be added to the temporary holding tank equipment, and the corresponding voltage conversion device is configured in the on-site control box. At the same time, the solar power supply system detection device needs to be configured to prevent the system from not running normally due to power shortage.

[0011] Preferably, the execution equipment includes a water replenishing pump and an oxygenator; the temporary holding tank on-site control box and the temporary holding tank on-site control box are respectively electrically connected with a set of execution equipment.

[0012] Preferably, the method of the water quality self-adaptive system suitable for the fish gathering and releasing system over the dam includes the following steps:

[0013] S1, intelligent control of temperature and dissolved oxygen of the temporary holding tank of the fish gathering station, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and PH water quality parameters are obtained through tail water quality sensor and temporary holding tank water quality sensor, water replenishing pump and oxygenator are installed at the fish inlet outside the tail water door hole outside the temporary holding tank, and the water in the temporary holding tank is replaced and oxygenated; the specific method is as follows:

[0014] S101, temperature intelligent and emergency control:

[0015] Control interval is divided according to time period throughout the year, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in each control interval in the temporary holding tank are set respectively, and alarm is performed when the temperature exceeds the threshold value; data comparison period is set, tail water temperature and current temperature in the temporary holding tank are compared continuously, and temperature difference threshold value is set; alarm is performed when the temperature difference exceeds the threshold value;

[0016] Start alarm and exchange water between tail water and temporary holding tank through water replenishing pump to replenish water and reduce temperature difference;

[0017] S102, intelligent and emergency control of dissolved oxygen:

[0018] The operation range of dissolved oxygen is set to 5 mg / L-28 mg / L, and if the value exceeds the range, an alarm is given, and an oxygen increasing machine is automatically started to perform oxygen increasing operation;

[0019] S2, intelligent and emergency control of temperature and dissolved oxygen in the temporary breeding cabin, a temporary breeding cabin water quality sensor is arranged in the temporary breeding cabin, a river water quality sensor is arranged in the river outside the ship, water quality data of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and PH are obtained, and an oxygen increasing machine and a water replenishing pump are installed outside the temporary breeding cabin; the specific method is as follows:

[0020] S201, intelligent and emergency control of temperature:

[0021] A vertical two-dimensional water temperature mathematical model with average width is used to predict the water temperature structure of the reservoir, and a reservoir water temperature structure model with seasonal stratification characteristics is constructed;

[0022] According to the stratified water taking measure set by the reservoir water temperature structure model, the fish spawning period from March to June is used for water taking by the stoplog; when releasing, the river water is directly obtained from the water body outside the ship to replace the water in the temporary breeding cabin; the temporary breeding cabin is provided with a water level drainage port, which automatically drains when the water level in the cabin reaches a certain depth, so that the water level in the cabin remains unchanged; at the same time, the water replenishing pump is used for river water replacement, so that the water temperature difference between the cabin and the river is kept within the set threshold range;

[0023] S202, intelligent and emergency control of dissolved oxygen:

[0024] The threshold range of dissolved oxygen in the temporary breeding cabin is set to 5 mg / L-9 mg / L; the water quality data in the cabin and the river are collected and compared in real time at a certain period, when the dissolved oxygen in the cabin is lower than that in the river, the local alarm is given and a low value alarm signal is sent to the central control center, and the oxygen increasing machine is started, when the dissolved oxygen in the cabin is greater than or equal to 9 mg / L, the local alarm is given and a high value alarm signal is sent to the central control center, and the oxygen increasing machine is closed.

[0025] Further, the dissolved oxygen units of the temporary breeding pool and the temporary breeding cabin are unified as the most commonly used unit of dissolved oxygen (DO): mg / L, i.e. the number of milligrams of oxygen per liter of water.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0027] The scheme solves the problem that the temperature and dissolved oxygen in the temporary breeding pool and the temporary breeding cabin of the existing fish gathering station are adjusted in a relatively extensive manner and cannot be accurately adjusted according to the actual hydrological conditions, and has the characteristics that the water temperature and dissolved oxygen can be adjusted according to the actual hydrological conditions through the preset threshold range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a system connection schematic diagram of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of water temperature and air temperature at dam site in the embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of system interface in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of system interface in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] In the figure, the reference signs are: fish gathering station centralized control system 1, centralized control LCU 2, temporary breeding pond on-site control box 3, tail water quality sensor 31, temporary breeding pond water quality sensor 32, temporary breeding cabin on-site control box 4, river water quality sensor 41, temporary breeding cabin water quality sensor 42, water replenishing pump 51, oxygenator 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] As Figure 1 In the embodiment, the water quality self-adaptive system suitable for fish gathering and dam passing and releasing system comprises a fish gathering station centralized control system 1, the fish gathering station centralized control system 1 is in communication connection with a centralized control LCU 2; the centralized control LCU 2 is in communication connection with a temporary breeding pond on-site control box 3 and a temporary breeding cabin on-site control box 4; input ends of the temporary breeding pond on-site control box 3 and the temporary breeding cabin on-site control box 4 are electrically connected with a sensor system, and output ends of the temporary breeding pond on-site control box 3 and the temporary breeding cabin on-site control box 4 are electrically connected with an execution device.

[0035] Preferably, the sensor system comprises a tail water quality sensor 31 and a temporary breeding pond water quality sensor 32 arranged in the temporary breeding pond, and a river water quality sensor 41 and a temporary breeding cabin water quality sensor 42 arranged in the temporary breeding cabin.

[0036] Further, the sensor system is preferably a YSI / HACH six-channel multifunctional water quality monitoring system, the measurement parameters include PH, water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and the terminal has a handheld end and a computer end; data is output to the fish gathering station centralized control system 1, which comprises a data acquisition, transmission and receiving module and has an alarm function.

[0037] Preferably, the execution device comprises a water replenishing pump 51 and an oxygenator 52; the temporary breeding pond on-site control box 3 and the temporary breeding cabin on-site control box 4 are respectively electrically connected with a set of execution device.

[0038] Further, the temporary breeding pond control box and the temporary breeding cabin on-site control box are connected through 4G to realize remote data communication, while the temporary breeding pond is relatively close to the fish gathering station centralized control system LCU cabinet, so that the data exchange can be realized by directly connecting the fish gathering monitoring system LCU cabinet through a communication cable.

[0039] Further, the power supply of the on-site control box of the temporary holding pond is provided by the original fish collecting station power supply system, and the power supply of the on-site control box of the temporary holding cabin has two modes:

[0040] 1. The corresponding voltage power supply is provided by the releasing ship, and it is necessary to confirm whether the original releasing ship is configured;

[0041] 2. If the above mode is not configured, in order to avoid the structure change of the fish transporting ship, a set of solar power supply system can be added to the temporary holding cabin equipment, and the corresponding voltage conversion device is arranged in the on-site control box. At the same time, the solar power supply system detection device needs to be configured to prevent the system from not running normally due to insufficient power.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] The above method suitable for the water quality self-adaptive system of the fish collecting and transporting dam releasing system comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, intelligent control of temperature and dissolved oxygen of the temporary holding pond of the fish collecting station, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and PH water quality parameters are obtained through tail water quality sensor 31 and temporary holding pond water quality sensor 32, water replacement and oxygenation are carried out on the temporary holding pond water through the installation of water supplement pump 51 and oxygenation machine 52 at the fish inlet outside the tail water door hole outside the temporary holding pond. The specific method is as follows:

[0045] S101, intelligent and emergency control of temperature:

[0046] The control interval is divided according to time period throughout the year, the maximum and minimum temperatures in the temporary holding pond of each control interval are set respectively, and alarm is performed when the temperature exceeds the threshold value; the data comparison period is set, the tail water temperature and the current temporary holding pond temperature are compared continuously, and the temperature difference threshold value is set; alarm is performed when the temperature difference exceeds the threshold value;

[0047] Start alarm at the same time and carry out water exchange between tail water and temporary holding pond through water supplement pump 51 to complete water supplement and water exchange and reduce temperature difference;

[0048] S102, intelligent and emergency control of dissolved oxygen:

[0049] The operation range of dissolved oxygen is set to 5mg / L-28mg / L, and alarm is performed when the value exceeds the range, and oxygenation machine 52 is automatically started for oxygenation operation;

[0050] S2, intelligent and emergency control of temperature and dissolved oxygen in temporary holding cabin, temporary holding cabin water quality sensor 42 is arranged in the temporary holding cabin, river water quality sensor 41 is arranged in the river water outside the ship, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and PH water quality data are obtained, and oxygenation machine 52 and water supplement pump 51 are installed outside the temporary holding cabin; The specific method is as follows:

[0051] S201, intelligent and emergency control of temperature:

[0052] A two-dimensional mathematical model of water temperature on the facade with average width is used to predict the water temperature structure of the reservoir, and a water temperature structure model of the reservoir with seasonal stratification is constructed.

[0053] Based on the reservoir's water temperature structure model, a stratified water intake system was implemented. For fish species that are sensitive to low-temperature water, water intake was carried out through a stacked beam gate during their spawning period from March to June. During release, river water was directly obtained from the water outside the ship to replace the water in the temporary holding tank. The temporary holding tank was equipped with a water level drain outlet, which automatically discharged water when the water level inside the tank reached a certain depth, keeping the water level inside the tank constant. At the same time, river water was replaced by a water replenishment pump 51 to keep the temperature difference between the water inside the tank and the river water within the set threshold range.

[0054] S202, Intelligent and Emergency Control of Dissolved Oxygen:

[0055] The dissolved oxygen threshold range in the temporary holding chamber is set to 5 mg / L to 9 mg / L. Water quality data in the chamber and river water are collected and compared in real time at certain intervals. When the dissolved oxygen in the chamber is lower than that in the river water, a local alarm is triggered and a low value alarm signal is sent to the central control center, while aerator 52 is started. When the dissolved oxygen in the chamber is ≥9 mg / L, a local alarm is triggered and a high value alarm signal is sent to the central control center, while aerator 52 is shut down.

[0056] Furthermore, the dissolved oxygen unit in both the holding tank and the holding chamber is standardized to the most commonly used unit of dissolved oxygen (DO): mg / L, which is the number of milligrams of oxygen per liter of water.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, taking the reservoir of Wudongde Hydropower Plant as an example, the system is divided into summer and winter seasons. In summer, based on the highest tailwater temperature of 20.1℃ in 2021 and the record of several consecutive days with the highest temperature exceeding 40℃, the water temperature in the holding tank needs to be maintained below 25℃. In winter, referring to the time point in January 2021, the lowest water temperature downstream of the dam was 11.2℃, and the lowest water temperature in the holding tank was about 13℃ (close to the average temperature of the day) or above. When the water temperature in the holding tank exceeds 25℃ in summer, falls below 13℃ in winter, or the temperature difference between the holding tank and the tailwater exceeds 5℃ throughout the year, corresponding alarms will be triggered.

[0059] The water temperature structure of the Wudongde Reservoir exhibits seasonal stratification. The operation of the power station has a certain impact on the downstream water temperature process, resulting in low-temperature water in spring and high-temperature water in winter. If a single-layer water intake scheme is adopted, the downstream water temperature from February to August will be lower than the existing water temperature at the dam site, with a maximum drop of 2.0℃. The low-temperature downstream water will adversely affect the spawning and reproduction of fish downstream of the dam. The Wudongde Hydropower Station adopts a stratified water intake measure, using a stacked beam gate for water intake during the spawning period of fish that are more sensitive to low-temperature water from March to June. Compared with the single-layer water intake, the stacked beam gate scheme has a more significant effect on improving the low-temperature water, increasing the downstream water temperature by 0.8 to 1.1℃, and can mitigate the delayed effect of water temperature rise to a certain extent.

[0060] like Figures 3-4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the operation interface of the present invention in actual use in the reservoir of Wudongde Hydropower Plant.

[0061] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined without conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water quality adaptive system suitable for fish collection and release systems via dams, characterized in that: The system includes a fish collection station control system (1), which is connected to a central control unit (LCU) (2); the central control unit (LCU) (2) is connected to a temporary holding pond control box (3) and a temporary holding chamber control box (4); the input terminals of the temporary holding pond control box (3) and the temporary holding chamber control box (4) are electrically connected to the sensor system, and the output terminals of the temporary holding pond control box (3) and the temporary holding chamber control box (4) are electrically connected to the actuators; the power supply of the temporary holding pond control box is provided by the original fish collection station power supply system, and the power supply of the temporary holding chamber control box has two methods: The release vessel provides power at the appropriate voltage level. If the release vessel does not provide a power supply of the corresponding voltage level, in order to avoid structural changes to the fish transport vessel, a solar power supply system should be added to the temporary holding tank equipment. The corresponding transformer should be installed in the on-site control box, and a solar power supply system detection device should also be installed to prevent the system from malfunctioning due to insufficient power. The method for a water quality adaptive system applicable to a fish collection and release system over a dam includes the following steps: S1, intelligent control of temperature and dissolved oxygen in the temporary holding pond of the fish collection station. Water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH are obtained through tailwater water quality sensor (31) and temporary holding pond water quality sensor (32). A water replenishment pump (51) and an aerator (52) are installed at the fish inlet outside the tailwater gate of the temporary holding pond to replace and oxygenate the water in the temporary holding pond; the specific method is as follows: S101, Intelligent Temperature and Emergency Control: The system divides the year into control zones by time period, sets the highest and lowest temperatures in the holding tank for each control zone, and triggers an alarm when the temperature exceeds the threshold. It also sets a data comparison cycle to continuously compare the effluent temperature with the current temperature in the holding tank and sets a temperature difference threshold. An alarm is triggered when the temperature difference exceeds the threshold. At the same time as the alarm is activated, the tailwater and the temporary holding tank are exchanged by the water replenishment pump (51) to replenish and replace water, thereby reducing the temperature difference. S102, Intelligent and Emergency Control of Dissolved Oxygen: The dissolved oxygen operating range is set to 5 mg / L to 28 mg / L. If the value exceeds the range, an alarm will be triggered and the aerator will be automatically started to perform oxygenation operations. S2, intelligent and emergency control of temperature and dissolved oxygen in the temporary holding tank, a water quality sensor (42) is installed in the temporary holding tank, and a river water quality sensor (41) is installed in the river water outside the ship to obtain water quality data of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH, and an aerator (52) and a water replenishment pump (51) are installed outside the temporary holding tank; the specific method is as follows: S201, Intelligent Temperature and Emergency Control: A two-dimensional mathematical model of water temperature on the facade with average width is used to predict the water temperature structure of the reservoir, and a water temperature structure model of the reservoir with seasonal stratification is constructed. Based on the reservoir water temperature structure model, a layered water intake measure is set up. For fish that are more sensitive to low-temperature water, water is taken from the spawning period from March to June using a stacked beam gate. During the release, river water is directly taken from the water outside the ship to replace the water in the temporary holding tank. The temporary holding tank is equipped with a water level drain outlet, which automatically discharges when the water level in the tank reaches a certain depth, keeping the water level in the tank unchanged. At the same time, river water is replaced by a water replenishment pump (51) to keep the temperature difference between the water in the tank and the river water within the set threshold range. S202, intelligent and emergency control of dissolved oxygen: The threshold range of dissolved oxygen in the temporary breeding cabin is set to 5 mg / L-9 mg / L; the water quality data in the cabin and the river are collected and compared in real time according to a certain period, when the dissolved oxygen in the cabin is lower than that in the river, the local alarm sends a low value alarm signal to the central control center and starts the oxygenator (52), when the dissolved oxygen in the cabin is greater than or equal to 9 mg / L, the local alarm sends a high value alarm signal to the central control center and closes the oxygenator (52).

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