A device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber

Abstract

The present invention proposes a device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber, comprising a closed explosion pipeline, a multi-layer metal grid that can be placed in the explosion pipeline, an ore supply device connected to the explosion pipeline, an air supply device connected to the explosion pipeline, an ignition device connected to the explosion pipeline, a hydraulic transmission device arranged outside the explosion pipeline, and an ore collection box for collecting crushed ores; the hydraulic transmission device is connected to the closed chamber door and drives the closed chamber door to move axially and circumferentially, the closed chamber door is connected to the multi-layer metal grid, and the multi-layer metal grid can move axially and circumferentially with the closed chamber door. The present invention sets up multi-layer metal grids for layered crushing, so that hydrogen can form shock waves with each other, making it easier to crush the ore; and after crushing the ore, the multi-layer metal grid is pulled out by the hydraulic transmission device, and the multi-layer metal grid is turned over to discharge the ore into the ore collection box, which helps to realize the rapid pouring and collection of ore powder after the explosion is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ore crushing in the mining industry, and in particular relates to equipment for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed cavity. Background Art

[0002] In the process of processing and utilizing mineral raw materials, the cost of crushing and grinding process accounts for 50% to 70% of the total cost, and the electricity consumption accounts for 65% to 75% of the total electricity consumption, but the useful work is less than half of the total energy consumption; the energy consumption of crushing and grinding can account for more than 60% of the power consumption of the entire ore dressing plant. The efficiency of the mill is only 1%, while the efficiency of the crusher is 10%. Increasing the power consumption of crushing and achieving the technical goal of "more crushing and less grinding" in the crushing and grinding process is the key to energy conservation and consumption reduction and improving resource utilization.

[0003] CN201610255050.3 discloses a device and method for crushing ore by pressure relief gas explosion, which uses special equipment to artificially perform pressure relief gas explosion, and utilizes the strong tensile stress generated by the gas explosion during pressure relief to crush the ore, thereby reducing the energy consumption of crushing the ore. However, the ore in the crushing storage tank in this patent cannot be easily taken out from the crushing storage tank after the pressure relief gas explosion. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed cavity.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device for crushing hard ore by hydrogen explosion in a closed cavity, comprising a closed explosion pipe, a multi-layer metal grid that can be placed in the explosion pipe for laying ore, an ore supply device connected to the feed port of the explosion pipe for laying ore on the multi-layer metal grid, a gas supply device connected to the gas inlet of the explosion pipe for supplying hydrogen thereto, an ignition device connected to the explosion pipe for igniting the combustible gas therein, a hydraulic transmission device arranged outside the explosion pipe, and an ore collection box for collecting and crushing ore; one end of the explosion pipe is closed, and the other end of the explosion pipe has an axial opening, a closed cavity door for closing the axial opening is connected to the explosion pipe, and the ore collection box is arranged below the axial opening; the hydraulic transmission device is connected to the closed cavity door and drives the closed cavity door to move axially linearly and circumferentially, the closed cavity door is connected to the multi-layer metal grid, and the multi-layer metal grid can move axially and circumferentially with the closed cavity door.

[0006] The above technical solution sets up multi-layer metal grids for layered crushing, so that hydrogen can form shock waves, making it easier to crush the ore (while increasing the reserved gap). The present invention directly spreads ore to the multi-layer metal grid in the explosion pipeline by the ore conveying device, with a high degree of automation; after crushing the ore, the multi-layer metal grid is pulled out by the hydraulic transmission device, and the multi-layer metal grid is turned over to discharge the ore into the ore collection box, which helps to realize the rapid pouring and collection of ore powder after the explosion is completed.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ore supply device includes an ore storage box, an ore conveying pipeline connected to the outlet of the ore storage box, and an ore conveying control valve arranged on the ore conveying pipeline. The ore conveying pipeline is connected and communicated with the feed port of the explosion pipeline. The ore in the ore storage box is obliquely injected into the explosion pipeline through the ore conveying pipeline, and the ore is stacked layer by layer from bottom to top on the multi-layer metal grid.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-layer metal grid includes a plurality of metal grids spaced apart in the height direction, each metal grid has a vertical large hole corresponding to the explosion pipe feed port and larger than the feed port diameter and the ore transport pipe diameter, and the metal grid also has a plurality of circular small holes.

[0009] The above technical solution, by arranging vertical large holes, is conducive to the injection of ore into the bottom metal grid, and the arrangement of circular small holes is not only conducive to the flow of gas inside the explosion pipe, but also conducive to the movement of fine particles of ore to the lower metal grid or the bottom end of the explosion pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a tilting drive device for driving the explosion pipeline to tilt so that the ore supply device can lay the ore on the multi-layer metal grid, and the ore conveying pipeline and the gas conveying pipeline are partially made of plastic hoses.

[0011] The above technical solution controls the inclination of the explosion pipe with one end higher than the other end through a tilting drive device, so as to achieve the rolling of the ore stacked on the multi-layer metal grid to the lower end and even distribution as much as possible.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tilting drive device includes two vertically arranged telescopic shafts spaced apart along the length direction of the explosion pipe, the upper ends of the telescopic shafts are fixedly connected with hinge seats, and the outer sleeve of the explosion pipe is provided with a slip ring slidably connected thereto, wherein the hinge seat of one telescopic shaft is hinged to the slip ring, and the hinge seat of the other telescopic shaft is hinged to the explosion pipe.

[0013] The above technical solution can support and tilt the explosion pipe through the telescopic shaft, the hinge seat and the slip ring, and has a simple structure and reliable operation.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply device includes a gas storage tank for storing hydrogen, the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the explosion pipeline through a gas pipeline, and a gas control valve is provided on the gas pipeline; both the ore pipeline and the gas pipeline are provided with hydrogen leakage warning devices.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the hydrogen leakage warning device is used to monitor whether the hydrogen inside the explosion pipe diffuses to the outside through the gap. If hydrogen leakage occurs, the ignition explosion should be stopped in time and rapid ventilation should be carried out through the ventilation system.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two ends of the multi-layer metal grid are respectively provided with a first metal baffle and a second metal baffle, both of which can slide axially and rotate circumferentially in the explosion pipe, and the second metal baffle is arranged close to the axial opening, and the second metal baffle is clamped and fixed to the closed chamber door; and / or a limiting device is provided between the multi-layer metal grid and the explosion pipe to limit the multi-layer metal grid from detaching from the explosion pipe, and the limiting device includes a steel wire rope fixed to one end of the multi-layer metal grid away from the axial opening, and one end of the steel wire rope away from the multi-layer metal grid is connected to the explosion pipe.

[0017] The above technical solution supports the multi-layer metal grid by arranging the first metal baffle plate and the second metal baffle plate, so as to facilitate the multi-layer metal grid to enter and move out of the explosion pipe.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the first metal baffle matches the inner wall of the explosion pipe, and an annular steel wire ball is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first metal baffle.

[0019] The above technical solution provides an annular steel wool ball. When the multi-layer metal grid moves to the left to output the ore, the annular steel wool ball can clean the ore debris or powder stuck on the inner wall of the explosion pipe, preventing the ore from sticking inside the explosion pipe and affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge port of the ore collecting box is connected to a metal mesh vibrating screening drum, in which an upper screening net and a lower screening net with meshes spaced apart in the height direction are fixedly connected, the meshes of the upper screening net are larger than the meshes of the lower screening net, the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening drum located above the upper screening net has a first ore outlet, the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening drum located between the upper screening net and the lower screening net has a second ore outlet, and the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening drum located below the lower screening net has a third ore outlet; a conveyor belt for conveying ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum is provided outside the first ore outlet, the second ore outlet and the third ore outlet, and the outlet of the conveyor belt connected to the first ore outlet is connected to the feed port of the ore feeding device; or a distribution box for collecting ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum is provided outside the first ore outlet, the second ore outlet and the third ore outlet.

[0021] In the above technical scheme, the upper screening net and the lower screening net divide the interior of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder into three layers. After the upper layer is screened, the ore larger than the target particle size is output from the first ore outlet, the ore equal to the target particle size is output from the second ore outlet after the middle layer is screened, and the ore smaller than the target particle size is output from the third ore outlet after the lower layer is screened; the ore larger than the target particle size is transported by a conveyor belt to the ore supply device for another explosive crushing, and the ore smaller than or equal to the target particle size is transported to the next ore dressing process for processing.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0023] In the above technical solution, the ore discharged from the second ore outlet is the ore of the target particle size, and the target particle size is controlled by changing the hydrogen concentration. The specific method is:

[0024] According to the target particle size, the hydrogen concentration is determined by using the relationship between the change in hydrogen concentration and the explosion energy.

[0025]

[0026] Where E is the total system energy consumption, A is the equipment energy consumption, K is the fitting coefficient related to the explosion crushing energy consumption, d is the hydrogen concentration, m is the concentration index of energy change caused by hydrogen concentration, and K 1 , K 2 are the fitting coefficients of the equilibrium equation units, x 1 is the characteristic particle size of the ore before crushing, x 2 is the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing, a and b are the characteristic particle size indexes, and C is the energy constant.

[0027] The above technical scheme can obtain the relationship between the hydrogen concentration and the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing through the above formula, and control the explosion energy output through the change of hydrogen concentration. When the hydrogen concentration reaches a certain range of values, the ore in the explosion pipe is optimally destroyed, forming more ore of the target particle size.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the preferred technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects on images:

[0029] 1) The present invention can be used to obtain ore of target particle size by hydrogen explosion crushing in a closed cavity. Under the condition of hydrogen ignition explosion, it can crush hard ore to obtain a particle size that meets the needs of the mine. This equipment can not only circulate hydrogen ignition explosion to crush hard ore, but also use computer automation control equipment operation to achieve the technical goal of integrating ore feeding, ore crushing and screening.

[0030] 2) The utilization of hydrogen energy in the present invention responds to the national call for green and low-carbon energy transformation. The working environment is pollution-free and can meet the production requirements of efficient utilization and green and low-carbon. The automated design reduces the number of operators, reduces the labor intensity of employees, reduces equipment failures caused by personnel misoperation, and improves the overall economic benefits.

[0031] 3) By utilizing the concept of hydrogen explosion crushing in a closed cavity of the present invention, various materials can also be explosively crushed, such as powder storage and transportation of condensed materials, modification of composite material powders, dissociation of symbiotic material components, etc., thus realizing the multifunctional use of the test device.

[0032] 4) The present invention controls the explosion energy output by changing the hydrogen concentration through the relationship between the hydrogen concentration and the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing. When the hydrogen concentration reaches a certain range of values, the ore in the explosion pipe is optimally destroyed to form more ore of the target particle size.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the ore supply device and the gas supply device and the explosion pipeline in the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-layer metal grid connected to the closed cavity door in the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal grid in the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer metal grid support structure in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: explosion pipe 10, air inlet 101, feed inlet 102, closed chamber door 11, sealing ring 111, movable buckle 112, end cover 12, slip ring 13, multi-layer metal grid 20, metal grid 21, vertical large hole 211, circular small hole 212, first metal baffle 22, second metal baffle 23, clamping part 231, support ring 24, metal support rod 25, annular steel ball 26, steel wire rope 27, steel wire rope recovery device 28, air supply device 30, gas storage tank 31 , gas transmission pipeline 32, gas transmission control valve 33, hydrogen leakage warning device 34, ore supply device 40, ore storage box 41, ore transmission pipeline 42, plastic hose 421, steel conduit 422, ore transmission control valve 43, ignition device 50, hydraulic transmission device 60, hydraulic transmission rod 61, ore collecting box 70, metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80, first ore outlet 801, second ore outlet 802, third ore outlet 803, upper screening net 81, lower screening net 82, tilting drive device 90, telescopic shaft 91, and articulated seat 92. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “vertical”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] The present invention provides a device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed cavity (hereinafter referred to as the device), such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the equipment includes a closed explosion pipe 10, a multi-layer metal grid 20 that can be placed in the explosion pipe 10 for laying ore, a mineral supply device 40 connected to the feed port 102 of the explosion pipe 10 for laying ore on the multi-layer metal grid 20, a gas supply device 30 connected to the gas inlet 101 of the explosion pipe 10 for providing hydrogen therein, an ignition device 50 connected to the explosion pipe 10 for igniting the combustible gas therein, a hydraulic transmission device 60 arranged outside the explosion pipe 10, and a collection box 70 for collecting crushed ore.

[0045] The explosion pipe 10 is a cylinder, and is formed by connecting multiple metal pipes through flanges. Preferably, the side wall of the explosion pipe 10 has a visual window made of explosion-proof glass. The right end of the explosion pipe 10 is closed by an end cover 12 with a flange; the left end of the explosion pipe 10 has an axial opening, and a sealed chamber door 11 for closing the axial opening is connected to the explosion pipe 10, and the sealed chamber door 11 and the explosion pipe 10 are sealed by a sealing ring 111. The ore collecting box 70 is arranged below the axial opening to receive the crushed ore discharged from the axial opening of the explosion pipe 10.

[0046] The hydraulic transmission device 60 is arranged on the left side of the closed chamber door 11, and the hydraulic transmission device 60 is connected to the closed chamber door 11 through the hydraulic transmission rod 61, and drives the closed chamber door 11 to move axially and circumferentially; the closed chamber door 11 is clamped and fixed with the multi-layer metal grid 20, and the multi-layer metal grid 20 can move axially and circumferentially with the closed chamber door 11. The hydraulic transmission device 60 drives the closed chamber door 11 to move axially (left and right) so that the multi-layer metal grid 20 enters the explosion pipeline 10 or moves out of the explosion pipeline 10, and the hydraulic transmission device 60 drives the closed chamber door 11 to rotate circumferentially so that the multi-layer metal grid 20 flips to discharge the crushed ore thereon into the ore collection box 70.

[0047] The ignition device 50 is electronically controlled and is mounted on the inner wall of the middle position of the upper end of the explosion pipe 10 through a preset mounting hole and connected by a wire to remotely control the ignition explosion to crush the ore. The ignition device 50 is a prior art and is not an innovation of the present invention. Its structure and principle are not described in detail here.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, in the present invention, the gas supply device 30 includes a gas storage tank 31 for storing hydrogen, the gas outlet of the gas storage tank 31 is connected to the gas inlet 101 of the explosion pipe 10 through a gas pipeline 32, the gas inlet 101 is located at the top of the explosion pipe 10, and a gas control valve 33 is provided on the gas pipeline 32. A gas control valve 33 is also provided at the gas inlet 101 of the explosion pipe 10. The gas control valve 33 is used to control the gas flow rate and cut off the gas supply.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in the present invention, the ore supply device 40 includes an ore storage box 41, an ore conveying pipeline 42 connected to the outlet of the ore storage box 41, and an ore conveying control valve 43 arranged on the ore conveying pipeline 42. The ore conveying pipeline 42 is connected and communicated with the feed port 102 of the explosion pipeline 10. The feed port 102 is located on the left side of the air inlet 101 at the top of the explosion pipeline 10. The ore conveying control valve 43 is also arranged at the feed port 102 of the explosion pipeline 10. The ore conveying control valve 43 is used to control the flow rate of ore flowing into the explosion pipeline 10 and cut off the flow of ore. The ore in the ore storage box 41 is obliquely injected into the explosion pipeline 10 through the ore conveying pipeline 42, and the ore is stacked layer by layer on the multi-layer metal grid 20 from bottom to top.

[0050] Preferably, a hydrogen leakage warning device 34 is provided on both the gas pipeline 32 and the ore pipeline 42 to monitor whether the hydrogen inside the explosion pipeline 10 diffuses to the outside through the gap. If hydrogen leakage occurs, the ignition explosion should be stopped in time, and rapid ventilation should be carried out through the ventilation system. The ventilation system includes a plurality of ventilation devices (not shown in the figure) arranged outside the explosion pipeline 10 for air circulation. When hydrogen leakage is detected, the ventilation device is started to quickly dilute and diffuse the leaked hydrogen.

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the multi-layer metal grid 20 includes a plurality of metal grids 21 spaced apart in the height direction, each metal grid 21 has a vertical large hole 211 corresponding to the feed port 102 of the explosion pipe 10, which is larger than the diameter of the feed port 102 and the diameter of the ore transport pipe 42. Preferably, the diameter of the vertical large hole 211 is 1.5 times the diameter of the feed port 102. The metal grid 21 also has a plurality of circular small holes 212, and the diameter of the circular small holes 212 is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the vertical large holes 211. The arrangement of the vertical large holes 211 is conducive to the injection of ore into the bottom metal grid 21, and the arrangement of the circular small holes 212 is not only conducive to the gas flow inside the explosion pipe 10, but also conducive to the movement of fine particles of ore to the lower metal grid 21 or the bottom end of the explosion pipe 10.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in another preferred embodiment, the two ends of the multilayer metal grid 20 are respectively provided with a first metal baffle 22 and a second metal baffle 23, and the first metal baffle 22 and the second metal baffle 23 can slide axially and rotate circumferentially in the explosion pipe 10; the right and left ends of the metal grid 21 are respectively fixedly connected to and supported by the first metal baffle 22 and the second metal baffle 23. The second metal baffle 23 is arranged near the axial opening at the left end of the explosion pipe 10, and the second metal baffle 23 is fixedly connected with the closed chamber door 11, for example, a plurality of movable buckles 112 are arranged on the right side of the closed chamber door 11, and a plurality of clamping parts 231 capable of being clamped and fixedly connected with the plurality of movable buckles 112 are arranged on the left side of the second metal baffle 23.

[0053] Preferably, when the multi-layer metal grid 20 is too long, support rings 24 and metal support rods 25 are sleeved outside the multiple metal grids 21 to support the multi-layer metal grid 20 in the middle area of ​​the metal grid 21 to prevent the multi-layer metal grid 20 from deforming when the ore is stacked.

[0054] Further preferably, the outer walls of the first metal baffle 22 and the second metal baffle 23 match the inner wall of the explosion pipe 10, and an annular steel ball 26 is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the left and right ends of the support ring 24 and the outer wall of the left end of the first metal baffle 22. When the multi-layer metal grid 20 moves to the left to output the ore, the annular steel ball 26 can clean the ore debris or powder stuck on the inner wall of the explosion pipe 10, preventing the ore from sticking inside the explosion pipe 10 and affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in another preferred embodiment, a limiting device for limiting the multi-layer metal grid 20 from being separated from the explosion pipe 10 is provided between the multi-layer metal grid 20 and the explosion pipe 10, and the limiting device includes a steel wire rope 27 fixedly connected to one end of the multi-layer metal grid 20 away from the axial opening, and one end of the steel wire rope 27 away from the multi-layer metal grid 20 is connected to the explosion pipe 10. Specifically, the left end of the steel wire rope 27 is fixedly connected to the first metal baffle 22 of the multi-layer metal grid 20, and the right end of the steel wire rope 27 is connected to the end cover 12 at the right end of the explosion pipe 10.

[0056] When the multi-layer metal grid 20 moves to the left to output ore, the steel wire rope 27 limits the first metal baffle 22 at the right end of the multi-layer metal grid 20 to the axial opening position on the left side of the explosion pipe 10, thereby preventing the multi-layer metal grid 20 from sliding out as a whole. The first metal baffle 22 cannot exceed the left end face of the explosion pipe 10.

[0057] Preferably, a wire rope recovery device 28 is embedded on the left side of the end cover 12, and the right end of the wire rope 27 is connected to the wire rope recovery device 28. The length of the wire rope 27 can be adjusted through the wire rope recovery device 28 to adapt to explosion pipes 10 of different lengths, ensuring that the first metal baffle 22 does not exceed the left end face of the explosion pipe 10.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, in another preferred embodiment, the device also includes a tilting drive device 90 for driving the explosion pipeline 10 to tilt so that the ore supply device 40 can lay the ore on the multi-layer metal grid 20. The tilting drive device 90 includes two vertically arranged telescopic shafts 91 spaced apart along the length direction of the explosion pipeline 10. Preferably, the telescopic shafts 91 are hydraulic cylinders. The upper ends of the telescopic shafts 91 are fixed with hinge seats 92. The outer shell of the explosion pipeline 10 is provided with a slip ring 13 slidably connected thereto. The hinge seat 92 of the left telescopic shaft 91 is hinged to the slip ring 13, and the hinge seat 92 of the right telescopic shaft 91 is hinged to the flange of the end cover 12 at the right end of the explosion pipeline 10. The telescopic shaft 91 is connected to the ground through a base to ensure the safety of the explosion pipeline 10. The explosion pipeline 10 is controlled to be higher on the left and lower on the right through the telescopic shaft 91. Preferably, the inclination angle of the explosion pipeline 10 to the horizontal plane is 45° to 80°, so as to achieve the rightward rolling and uniform distribution of the ore stacked on the multi-layer metal grid 20 as much as possible.

[0059] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown, in order to adapt to the inclination of the explosion pipeline 10, the ore transport pipeline 42 and the gas pipeline 32 partially adopt a plastic hose 421. Specifically, the ore transport pipeline 42 includes a plastic hose 421 connected to the outlet of the ore storage box 41, and a steel conduit 422 connected to the outlet of the plastic hose 421. The lower end of the steel conduit 422 is obliquely connected to the feed port 102 of the explosion pipeline 10, and the ore transport control valve 43 and the hydrogen leakage alarm 34 are arranged on the steel conduit 422.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, when the ore enters the steel conduit 422 from the storage box 41 through the plastic hose 421, the ore can form a speed parallel to the lower end of the steel conduit 422 during its movement in the lower end of the steel conduit 422 by utilizing the tilting effect of the steel conduit 422 and the gravity of the ore. At this time, the ore can be shot into the bottom metal grid 21 through the vertical large hole 211; further, when the bottom metal grid 21 is filled with the vertical large hole 211 of the metal grid 21, the ore can continue to be spread to the second layer of the metal grid 21 above until the ore spreading of the top metal grid 21 is completed.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, in another preferred embodiment, the discharge port at the bottom of the ore collecting box 70 is connected to a metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80, the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 adopts a centrifugal screening method, and an upper screening net 81 and a lower screening net 82 with meshes arranged at intervals along the height direction are fixedly connected to the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80, and the meshes of the upper screening net 81 are larger than the meshes of the lower screening net 82. The side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 located above the upper screening net 81 has a first ore outlet 801, the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 located between the upper screening net 81 and the lower screening net 82 has a second ore outlet 802, and the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 located below the lower screening net 82 has a third ore outlet 803.

[0062] The upper screening net 81 and the lower screening net 82 divide the interior of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 into three layers. After the upper layer is screened, the first ore outlet 801 outputs ores with a particle size larger than the target particle size, after the middle layer is screened, the second ore outlet 802 outputs ores with a particle size equal to the target particle size, and after the lower layer is screened, the third ore outlet 803 outputs ores with a particle size smaller than the target particle size. It should be noted that screening ores of different particle sizes by means of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder 80 is a prior art, and its structure and principle are not described in detail herein.

[0063] Preferably, a conveyor belt (not shown in the figure) for conveying the ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum 80 is provided outside the first ore outlet 801, the second ore outlet 802 and the third ore outlet 803, and the ore larger than the target particle size is transferred to the ore storage box 41 for further explosive crushing by the conveyor belt, and the ore smaller than or equal to the target particle size is transferred to the next ore dressing process. It should be noted that a material distribution box for collecting the ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum 80 can also be provided outside the first ore outlet 801, the second ore outlet 802 and the third ore outlet 803.

[0064] The operation process of the device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed cavity of the present invention is as follows:

[0065] 1) Install and connect the equipment of the present invention. Initially, the explosion pipe 10 is horizontally arranged and the sealed chamber door 11 is open. The sealed chamber door 11 is moved to the right by the hydraulic transmission device 60, and the multi-layer metal grid 20 is sent into the explosion pipe 10. The sealed chamber door 11 is closed, and then the connection between the hydraulic transmission rod 61 and the sealed chamber door 11 is disconnected; the telescopic shaft 91 of the tilting drive device 90 is started, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the explosion pipe 10 is placed at an angle, and then the ore is piled on the multi-layer metal grid 20 through the ore feeding device 40. After the pile is completed, the ore conveying control valve 43 is closed; the telescopic shaft 91 of the tilting drive device 90 is started to make the explosion pipe 10 horizontal to reset;

[0066] 2) Connect the hydraulic transmission rod 61 to the sealed chamber door 11, operate the sealed chamber door 11 to seal the explosion pipe 10, start the gas supply device 30 to pass hydrogen into the explosion pipe 10, and turn on the hydrogen leakage alarm 34 to prevent hydrogen leakage during the process of passing hydrogen. After the hydrogen is passed, close the gas supply control valve 33 to seal the explosion pipe 10;

[0067] 3) using the ignition device 50 to remotely ignite and explode to crush the ore in the explosion pipe 10;

[0068] 4) If the ore crushing effect of the lower layer of the multi-layer metal grid 20 is not satisfactory after a single or multiple explosions, the multi-layer metal grid 20 in the explosion pipe 10 can be controlled by the hydraulic transmission device 60 to turn upside down (i.e. rotate 180°), and then hydrogen is introduced to explode and crush the ore;

[0069] 5) If the above steps cannot produce the target particle size ore after one explosion, then loop through steps 2) to 4);

[0070] 6) After the explosion and crushing, the explosion pipe 10 is released to vent the explosion, and the multi-layer metal grid 20 is pulled out by the hydraulic transmission device 60, and the second metal baffle 23 on the left side of the multi-layer metal grid 20 does not separate from the explosion pipe 10;

[0071] 7) The multi-layer metal grid 20 is controlled by the hydraulic transmission device 60 to flip 90 degrees to dump the crushed ore, and the crushed ore enters the ore collecting box 70, and then enters the metal mesh vibration screening cylinder 80 to automatically screen the ore and be transported by the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt transports the ore larger than the target particle size to the ore storage box 41 of the ore supply device 40 for another explosive crushing, and transports the ore less than or equal to the target particle size to the next ore dressing process.

[0072] The above steps 1) to 7) all require the activation of a ventilation system to ventilate the environment in which the explosion pipe 10 is located.

[0073] In the present invention, the ore discharged from the second ore outlet 802 is an ore of target particle size, and the target particle size can also be controlled by changing the hydrogen concentration. The specific method is:

[0074] According to the target particle size, the hydrogen concentration is determined by using the relationship between the change in hydrogen concentration and the explosion energy.

[0075] E=A+B+C

[0076]

[0077] Among them, E is the total system energy consumption, A is the energy consumption of the equipment, B is the energy consumption of ore crushing during hydrogen explosion, K is the fitting coefficient related to the energy consumption of explosion crushing, d is the hydrogen concentration, m is the concentration index of energy change caused by hydrogen concentration, and K 1 , K 2 are the fitting coefficients of the equilibrium equation units, x 1 is the characteristic particle size of the ore before crushing, x 2 is the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing, a and b are the characteristic particle size indexes, and C is the energy constant.

[0078] The method for obtaining specific parameters is as follows: the hydrogen explosion crushing hard ore experiment is carried out using the present invention, wherein the total system energy consumption E is the sum of the electric energy for system operation and the mass of the input hydrogen considering the energy of complete combustion and explosion, the equipment energy consumption A can be calculated by the electric energy consumed by the running equipment, the hydrogen concentration d (variable), the characteristic particle size of the ore before crushing x 1 (known, is the largest particle size in the input ore), characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing x 2 (the variable, i.e. the target particle size, is represented by the particle size that meets the ore particle size range requirement and has a larger mode after crushing) is obtained experimentally. By changing the hydrogen concentration d to conduct a hydrogen explosion crushing experiment on hard ore, the characteristic particle size x of the ore after crushing is obtained. 2 The single data with a larger mode is the independent variable and dependent variable of the above theoretical model. When the data volume is not less than 100 groups, the regression fitting method is combined with the above theoretical model to solve these data volumes and obtain A, C, K, K 1 , K 2 , a, b, and m.

[0079] Based on the above theoretical model, the present invention can obtain the changing relationship between hydrogen concentration and the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing, and control the explosion energy output by changing the hydrogen concentration. When the hydrogen concentration reaches a certain range of values, the ore in the explosion pipe 10 is optimally destroyed to form more ore of the target particle size.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber. It is characterized in that It comprises a sealed explosion pipeline, a multi-layer metal grid frame for laying ore that can be placed in the explosion pipeline, an ore supply device connected to the feed port of the explosion pipeline for laying ore on the multi-layer metal grid frame, a gas supply device connected to the gas inlet of the explosion pipeline for supplying hydrogen therein, an ignition device connected to the explosion pipeline for igniting the combustible gas therein, a hydraulic transmission device arranged outside the explosion pipeline, and an ore collection box for collecting crushed ore; One end of the explosion pipe is closed, and the other end of the explosion pipe has an axial opening. The explosion pipe is connected with a closed cavity door for closing the axial opening, and the ore collecting box is arranged below the axial opening. The hydraulic transmission device is connected to the closed chamber door and drives the closed chamber door to move axially and circumferentially. The closed chamber door is connected to a multi-layer metal grid, and the multi-layer metal grid can move axially and circumferentially with the closed chamber door.

2. The device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The ore supply device includes an ore storage box, an ore conveying pipeline connected to the outlet of the ore storage box, and an ore conveying control valve arranged on the ore conveying pipeline. The ore conveying pipeline is connected and communicated with the feed port of the explosion pipeline. The ore in the ore storage box is obliquely injected into the explosion pipeline through the ore conveying pipeline, and the ore is stacked layer by layer from bottom to top on the multi-layer metal grid.

3. The equipment for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The multi-layer metal grid includes a plurality of metal grids spaced apart in the height direction, each of the metal grids has a vertical large hole corresponding to the explosion pipe feed port and larger than the diameter of the explosion pipe feed port and the ore transport pipe, and the metal grid also has a plurality of circular small holes.

4. The equipment for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 2, It is characterized in that It also includes an inclination driving device for driving the explosion pipeline to incline so that the ore supply device can lay the ore on the multi-layer metal grid. The ore conveying pipeline part adopts a plastic hose.

5. The device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The tilting drive device includes two vertically arranged telescopic shafts spaced apart along the length direction of the explosion pipe, the upper ends of the telescopic shafts are fixedly connected with hinge seats, the outer sleeve of the explosion pipe is provided with a slip ring slidably connected thereto, the hinge seat of one telescopic shaft is hinged to the slip ring, and the hinge seat of the other telescopic shaft is hinged to the explosion pipe.

6. A device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to any one of claims 2 to 5, It is characterized in that The gas supply device comprises a gas storage tank for storing hydrogen, the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the explosion pipeline through a gas pipeline, a gas control valve is provided on the gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline part adopts a plastic hose; The ore transport pipeline and the gas transport pipeline are both provided with hydrogen leakage early warning devices.

7. A device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The two ends of the multi-layer metal grid are respectively provided with a first metal baffle and a second metal baffle, both of which can slide axially and rotate circumferentially in the explosion pipe, and the second metal baffle is arranged close to the axial opening, and the second metal baffle is fixedly connected with the closed chamber door; And / or a limiting device is provided between the multi-layer metal grid and the explosion pipe to limit the multi-layer metal grid from detaching from the explosion pipe, the limiting device includes a steel wire rope fixedly connected to one end of the multi-layer metal grid away from the axial opening, and the end of the steel wire rope away from the multi-layer metal grid is connected to the explosion pipe.

8. The equipment for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The outer wall of the first metal baffle plate matches the inner wall of the explosion pipe, and an annular steel wire ball is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first metal baffle plate.

9. A device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The discharge port of the ore collecting box is connected to a metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder, an upper screening net and a lower screening net with meshes arranged at intervals in the height direction are fixedly connected to the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder, the meshes of the upper screening net are larger than the meshes of the lower screening net, the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder located above the upper screening net has a first ore outlet, the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder located between the upper screening net and the lower screening net has a second ore outlet, and the side wall of the metal mesh vibrating screening cylinder located below the lower screening net has a third ore outlet; A conveyor belt for conveying ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum is disposed outside the first ore outlet, the second ore outlet and the third ore outlet, and the outlet of the conveyor belt connected to the first ore outlet is connected to the feed port of the ore feeding device; or a distribution box for collecting ore screened by the metal mesh vibrating screening drum is disposed outside the first ore outlet, the second ore outlet and the third ore outlet.

10. The device for crushing hard ores by hydrogen explosion in a closed chamber according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The ore discharged from the second ore outlet is the ore of the target particle size, and the target particle size is controlled by changing the hydrogen concentration. The specific method is as follows: According to the target particle size, the hydrogen concentration is determined by using the relationship between the change in hydrogen concentration and the explosion energy. ， in, E is the total system energy consumption, A Energy consumption for equipment, K is the fitting coefficient related to the explosion crushing energy consumption, d is the hydrogen concentration, m is the concentration index of energy change caused by hydrogen concentration, K 1 , K 2 are the fitting coefficients of the equilibrium equation units, x 1 is the characteristic particle size of the ore before crushing, x 2 is the characteristic particle size of the ore after crushing, a , b are characteristic particle size index, C is the energy constant.

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