Mine water inrush early warning monitoring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a mine water inrush early warning monitoring device and method, belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety monitoring, and comprises an anchor rod, an internal monitor is arranged on the top of the anchor rod, an adjusting block is connected to the bottom of the anchor rod in a threaded mode, a connecting seat is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting block, a monitoring plate is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat, four angle adjusters are arranged on the top of the monitoring plate, an external monitor is fixed to the top of each of the four angle adjusters, a carrier plate is fixed to the bottom of the monitoring plate through a suspender, a driving mechanism is arranged between the carrier plate and the monitoring plate, and an alarm lamp is arranged on the bottom of the carrier plate. The application can monitor the water content, temperature and pressure in the coal mine, can monitor the state of the external coal bank, improves the water inrush early warning capacity of the device, utilizes the low melting point of the gallium-based alloy, realizes the locking and unlocking of the angle adjuster, adjusts the monitoring range of the external monitor, and has high adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a mine water inrush early warning monitoring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Mine water inrush refers to the sudden and concentrated influx of a large amount of groundwater into mine tunnels. In coal mining, water inrush accidents in mine tunnels are frequent. If not handled promptly, they can lead to catastrophic accidents such as flooding of mine tunnels and mine buildings, causing severe economic losses and casualties. Before a water inrush accident, there are usually warning signs, such as changes in the internal moisture content, temperature, and pressure of the coal mine, or the appearance of dampness, softness, or even coal chunks falling from the coal face. Sometimes, rust-colored water stains may also appear on the coal face. Therefore, how to effectively utilize these warning signs for early warning and investigation of water inrush hazards has become an urgent problem to be solved in the safe production of coal mine tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device and method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device includes: an anchor bolt, an internal monitor installed at the top of the anchor bolt, an adjusting block threadedly connected to the bottom of the anchor bolt, a connecting seat fixed to the bottom of the adjusting block, a monitoring plate fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat, four angle adjusters installed at the top of the monitoring plate, external monitors fixed to the top of each of the four angle adjusters, a load plate fixed to the bottom of the monitoring plate by a hanging rod, a driving mechanism provided between the load plate and the monitoring plate, and an alarm light installed at the bottom of the load plate.

[0006] Preferably, the angle adjuster includes: a omnidirectional ball, which is welded to the monitoring plate. A support plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the omnidirectional ball. An elastic telescopic sleeve is also fitted around the periphery of the omnidirectional ball. The top and bottom of the elastic telescopic sleeve are respectively sealed to the support plate and the monitoring plate. A gallium-based alloy is filled between the elastic telescopic sleeve and the omnidirectional ball. A heating electrode is also provided in the gallium-based alloy. Three through holes are opened on the support plate, and the three through holes are arranged in an equilateral triangle. Three through holes are also opened at corresponding positions on the monitoring plate. A cable passes through the through holes on the support plate and the through holes on the monitoring plate. The cable is connected to the drive mechanism at the bottom.

[0007] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes: a servo motor, the servo motor is fixed on the carrier plate, a drive bevel gear is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and three driven components are arranged above the drive bevel gear.

[0008] Preferably, the driven component includes: two connecting rods, each of the bottoms of which is fixed with a bearing, a drive shaft rotatably disposed between the two bearings, a winding roller fixed on the drive shaft, the winding roller being connected to the cable, a sliding shaft passing through the side of the drive shaft near the driving bevel gear, a return spring being disposed between the sliding shaft and the drive shaft, and a driven bevel gear fixed at the other end of the sliding shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the driving bevel gear is a permanent magnet, the driven bevel gear is an electromagnet, and the size of the driven bevel gear is smaller than that of the driving bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rail is provided inside the transmission shaft, and a groove is provided on the sliding shaft, with the guide rail and the groove cooperating for use.

[0011] Preferably, the carrier plate is also equipped with a microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the heating electrode, servo motor, driven bevel gear and alarm light.

[0012] Preferably, the internal monitor includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the external monitor is an ultrasonic sensor.

[0014] A method for early warning and monitoring of mine water inrush, implemented using any one of the aforementioned mine water inrush early warning and monitoring devices, includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Use drilling equipment to drill a hole at a preset location to a preset depth;

[0016] S2: Embed anchor bolts and adjust the height of the monitoring plate using adjusting blocks;

[0017] S3: Send instructions to the microcontroller via a remote device to control the heating electrode to heat the gallium-based alloy inside the elastic expansion sleeve from a solid state to a liquid state;

[0018] S4: The microcontroller then controls the corresponding driven bevel gear to be energized, so that it meshes with the active bevel gear. At the same time, the servo motor is started to drive the winding roller to rotate. The angle of the support plate is adjusted by the cable, thereby controlling the monitoring angle of the external monitor.

[0019] S5: After adjusting to a suitable angle, the microcontroller turns off the heating electrode. After the gallium-based alloy has solidified, the power supply to the driven bevel gear is turned off, so that the sliding shaft can drive the driven bevel gear to disengage under the action of the return spring.

[0020] S6: The internal and external monitors monitor the inside and outside of the coal mine in real time. If the moisture content, temperature or pressure inside the coal mine changes, or if the external coal seam becomes loose or shows signs of rust-colored water stains, the microcontroller will integrate the data and trigger an alarm through the alarm light to alert the mine workers.

[0021] The mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device and method provided by this invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] This invention can monitor the moisture content, temperature, and pressure inside a coal mine, as well as the condition of the external coal seam, improving the device's ability to predict water inrush. Furthermore, by utilizing the low melting point of gallium-based alloys, it enables the locking and unlocking of the angle adjuster, thereby adjusting the monitoring range of the external monitor. It has strong adaptability, and can achieve full-range control of a single angle adjuster with only one servo motor, resulting in significant economic benefits and making it worthy of promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion at point A;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the area at point B;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the sliding shaft of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the drive shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooperation between the sliding shaft and the transmission shaft of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the meshing relationship between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1-Anchor bolt, 2-Internal monitor, 3-Adjusting block, 4-Connecting seat, 5-Monitoring plate, 6-Angle adjuster, 7-External monitor, 8-Hanging rod, 9-Cargo plate, 10-Drive mechanism, 11-Alarm light, 12-Universal ball, 13-Support plate, 14-Elastic telescopic sleeve, 15-Gallium-based alloy, 16-Cable, 17-Servo motor, 18-Driving bevel gear, 19-Driven component, 20-Connecting rod, 21-Bearing, 22-Drive shaft, 23-Winding roller, 24-Sliding shaft, 25-Reset spring, 26-Driven bevel gear, 27-Guide rail, 28-Groove, 29-Heating electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figure 1-8 As shown, this invention provides a mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device, comprising: an anchor bolt 1, an internal monitor 2 installed at the top of the anchor bolt 1, an adjusting block 3 threadedly connected to the bottom of the anchor bolt 1, a connecting seat 4 fixed to the bottom of the adjusting block 3, a monitoring plate 5 fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat 4, four angle adjusters 6 installed at the top of the monitoring plate 5, external monitors 7 fixed to the top of each of the four angle adjusters 6, a carrying plate 9 fixed to the bottom of the monitoring plate 5 via a hanging rod 8, a driving mechanism 10 provided between the carrying plate 9 and the monitoring plate 5, and an alarm light 11 installed at the bottom of the carrying plate 9. Preferably, the alarm light 11 has two working states: a solid green light under normal conditions and a flashing red light under water inrush early warning conditions.

[0036] The angle adjuster 6 includes: a universal ball 12, which is welded to the monitoring plate 5. A support plate 13 is rotatably mounted on the top of the universal ball 12. An elastic telescopic sleeve 14 is also fitted around the periphery of the universal ball 12. The top and bottom of the elastic telescopic sleeve 14 are respectively sealed to the support plate 13 and the monitoring plate 5. A gallium-based alloy 15 is filled between the elastic telescopic sleeve 14 and the universal ball 12. A heating electrode 29 is also disposed within the gallium-based alloy 15. Three through holes are opened on the support plate 13, arranged in an equilateral triangle. Three through holes are also opened at corresponding positions on the monitoring plate 5. A cable 16 passes through the through holes on the support plate 13 and the through holes on the monitoring plate 5. The cable 16 is connected to the drive mechanism 10 at the bottom. Preferably, the gallium-based alloy is a gallium-indium alloy with a melting point of 55 degrees Celsius.

[0037] The drive mechanism 10 includes a servo motor 17, which is fixed to the carrier plate 9. A drive bevel gear 18 is fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 17. Three driven components 19 are arranged above the drive bevel gear 18. Each driven component 19 includes two connecting rods 20, each with a bearing 21 fixed to its bottom. A drive shaft 22 is rotatably connected between the two bearings 21. A winding roller 23 is fixed to the drive shaft 22 and connected to the cable 16. A sliding shaft 24 passes through the drive shaft 22 near the drive bevel gear 18. A return spring 25 is arranged between the sliding shaft 24 and the drive shaft 22. A driven bevel gear 26 is fixed to the other end of the sliding shaft 24. The drive bevel gear 18 is a permanent magnet, and the driven bevel gear 26 is an electromagnet. The size of the driven bevel gear 26 is smaller than that of the drive bevel gear 18 to avoid interference between the three driven bevel gears 26.

[0038] The drive shaft 22 is provided with a guide rail 27, and the sliding shaft 24 is provided with a groove 28. The guide rail 27 and the groove 28 are used in conjunction to allow the drive shaft 22 and the sliding shaft 24 to slide relative to each other, but not to rotate relative to each other.

[0039] The carrier plate 9 is also equipped with a microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the heating electrode 29, the servo motor 17, the driven bevel gear 26 and the alarm light 11.

[0040] The internal monitor 2 includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor, which can detect the water content, temperature, and pressure inside the coal mine in real time.

[0041] The external monitor 7 is an ultrasonic sensor, which can perform real-time sensing and monitoring of changes on the surface of the detection area and even slightly inside it.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] refer to Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a mine water inrush early warning and monitoring method, which is implemented using a mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device as described in any of the above claims, and includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Use drilling equipment to drill a hole at a preset location to a preset depth;

[0045] S2: Bury anchor bolt 1 and adjust the height of monitoring plate 5 by adjusting block 3;

[0046] S3: Send a command to the microcontroller via a remote device to control the heating electrode 29 to heat up, so that the gallium-based alloy 15 inside the elastic expansion sleeve 14 changes from solid to liquid.

[0047] S4: The microcontroller then controls the corresponding driven bevel gear 26 to be energized, so that it meshes with the active bevel gear 18. At the same time, the servo motor 17 is started to drive the winding roller 23 to rotate. The angle of the support plate 13 is adjusted by the cable 16, thereby controlling the monitoring angle of the external monitor 7.

[0048] S5: After adjusting to a suitable angle, the microcontroller turns off the heating electrode 29. After the gallium-based alloy 15 is cured, the power supply to the driven bevel gear 26 is turned off, so that the sliding shaft 24 drives the driven bevel gear 26 to disengage under the action of the return spring 25.

[0049] S6: Internal monitor 2 and external monitor 7 monitor the inside and outside of the coal mine in real time. If the moisture content, temperature or pressure inside the coal mine changes, or if the external coal seam becomes loose or shows signs of rust-colored water stains, the microcontroller will integrate the data and trigger an alarm through alarm light 11 to alert the mine workers.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device, characterized in that, include: An anchor rod (1) has an internal monitor (2) installed at the top and an adjusting block (3) threaded to the bottom. A connecting seat (4) is fixed to the bottom of the adjusting block (3). A monitoring plate (5) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting seat (4). Four angle adjusters (6) are installed on the top of the monitoring plate (5). An external monitor (7) is fixed to the top of each of the four angle adjusters (6). A load plate (9) is fixed to the bottom of the monitoring plate (5) by a hanging rod (8). A drive mechanism (10) is provided between the load plate (9) and the monitoring plate (5). An alarm light (11) is installed at the bottom of the load plate (9). The angle adjuster (6) includes: a universal ball (12), which is welded to the monitoring plate (5). A support plate (13) is rotatably provided on the top of the universal ball (12). An elastic telescopic sleeve (14) is also sleeved on the periphery of the universal ball (12). The top and bottom of the elastic telescopic sleeve (14) are respectively sealed to the support plate (13) and the monitoring plate (5). A gallium-based alloy (15) is filled between the elastic telescopic sleeve (14) and the universal ball (12). A heating electrode (29) is also provided in the gallium-based alloy (15). Three through holes are opened on the support plate (13). The three through holes are arranged in an equilateral triangle. Three through holes are also opened at the corresponding positions on the monitoring plate (5). A cable (16) passes through the through holes on the support plate (13) and the through holes on the monitoring plate (5). The cable (16) is connected to the drive mechanism (10) at the bottom. The drive mechanism (10) includes: a servo motor (17), which is fixed on the carrier plate (9), and an active bevel gear (18) is fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor (17). Three driven components (19) are arranged above the active bevel gear (18). The driven component (19) includes: two connecting rods (20), each of the two connecting rods (20) has a bearing (21) fixed at its bottom, a drive shaft (22) is rotatably arranged between the two bearings (21), a winding roller (23) is fixed on the drive shaft (22), the winding roller (23) is connected to the cable (16), a sliding shaft (24) is provided on the side of the drive shaft (22) near the driving bevel gear (18), a return spring (25) is provided between the sliding shaft (24) and the drive shaft (22), and a driven bevel gear (26) is fixed at the other end of the sliding shaft (24). The driving bevel gear (18) is a permanent magnet, and the driven bevel gear (26) is an electromagnet. The size of the driven bevel gear (26) is smaller than that of the driving bevel gear (18). The drive shaft (22) is provided with a guide rail (27), and the sliding shaft (24) is provided with a groove (28). The guide rail (27) and the groove (28) are used in conjunction.

2. The mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A microcontroller is also provided on the carrier plate (9), and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the heating electrode (29), the servo motor (17), the driven bevel gear (26) and the alarm light (11).

3. The mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal monitor (2) includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

4. The mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external monitor (7) is an ultrasonic sensor.

5. A method for early warning and monitoring of mine water inrush, characterized in that, The mine water inrush early warning and monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-4 is implemented by the following steps: S1: Use drilling equipment to drill a hole at a preset location to a preset depth; S2: Bury the anchor rod (1) and adjust the height of the monitoring plate (5) by adjusting the adjusting block (3); S3: Send a command to the microcontroller through a remote device to control the heating electrode (29) to heat up, so that the gallium-based alloy (15) inside the elastic expansion sleeve (14) changes from solid to liquid. S4: The microcontroller then controls the corresponding driven bevel gear (26) to be powered on, so that it meshes with the active bevel gear (18), and at the same time starts the servo motor (17) to drive the winding roller (23) to rotate. The angle of the support plate (13) is adjusted by the cable (16), thereby controlling the monitoring angle of the external monitor (7). S5: After adjusting to a suitable angle, the microcontroller turns off the heating electrode (29). After the gallium-based alloy (15) is cured, the power supply of the driven bevel gear (26) is turned off, so that the sliding shaft (24) can drive the driven bevel gear (26) to disengage under the action of the return spring (25). S6: The internal monitor (2) and the external monitor (7) monitor the inside and outside of the coal mine in real time. If the moisture content, temperature or pressure inside the coal mine changes, or if the coal wall outside becomes loose or has rust-colored water stains, the microcontroller will integrate the data and alarm through the alarm light (11) to warn the mine workers.

Images