A mechanized head-removing device and method for crayfish processing

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of crayfish processing, and particularly relates to a mechanical decapitation device and method for crayfish processing. The device includes a rotary decapitation device, a feeding device, a power and control device, a device support, a shrimp head collection box, and a shrimp tail collection box. The rotary decapitation device includes a driving long shaft, a driven short shaft, and a connecting disk. An arc-shaped cutting knife is installed at the top of the main body part of the driving long shaft, and a pressure elastic sheet switch is installed on the back of the circular shaft. A collision trigger switch is installed on the main body part of the driven short shaft. The collision trigger switch includes a rotary collision plate, a slide rail, a collision sensor, a mounting bracket, and a gravity circular shaft. The connecting disk is provided with a left baffle and a right baffle on the rotation path of the driving long shaft. The present invention can complete the mechanical decapitation process of crayfish, provide technical guarantee for further packaging or mechanical processing operations, and has high practical application value in the market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of crayfish processing, and particularly relates to a mechanical decapitation device for crayfish and a processing method therefor. Background Art

[0002] In the process of crayfish processing, there are still many processes that require a large amount of manual handling, especially the decapitation process. This not only increases labor costs but also limits processing efficiency and output. Crayfish processing enterprises have been seeking mechanical decapitation technology for crayfish. However, the current mechanical pretreatment technology for crayfish is still very weak. The difficulties in mechanical pretreatment of crayfish lie in the fact that its morphological characteristics, shrimp shell hardness and other parameters are significantly different from those of other mature shrimp species such as penaeid shrimps and macrobrachium shrimps, and the existing mature shrimp pretreatment technology cannot be directly referred to. The crayfish processing industry needs to develop a new type of mechanical decapitation technology suitable for the morphological parameters of crayfish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and thus provide a mechanical decapitation device and method for crayfish processing. The present invention can complete the mechanical decapitation process of crayfish after the head and tail positioning process, providing technical support for further packaging or mechanical processing operations, and having high practical application value in the market.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A mechanical decapitation device for crayfish processing includes a rotary decapitation device, a feeding device, a power and control device, a device support, a shrimp head collection box and a shrimp tail collection box. The discharge end of the feeding device is guided to the rotary decapitation device to guide and convey crayfish onto the rotary decapitation device; the power and control device is used to control the rotary decapitation device and provide power; the device support is used to install each mechanism device of the mechanical decapitation device.

[0006] Preferably, the rotary decapitation device includes a driving long shaft, a driven short shaft and a connecting disk. Both the driving long shaft and the driven short shaft include a main body part and an additional device installed on the main body part. The main body part of the driving long shaft consists of two long parallel circular shafts, and the middle position of the parallel circular shafts is fixed on the transmission shaft and rotates with the rotation of the transmission shaft, and is provided with power by the power and control device to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0007] Preferably, an arc-shaped cutting knife is installed at the top of the main body part of the driving long shaft, and the arc-shaped cutting knife rotates with the driving long shaft 7 to cut the shrimp head. A pressure elastic sheet switch is installed on the back of the circular shaft at the installation position of the arc-shaped cutting knife, and the pressure elastic sheet switch is used to sense the weight of the shrimp tail and trigger the clockwise rotation of the driving long shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the main body of the passive short shaft is composed of two shorter parallel circular shafts, the passive short shaft is installed on the transmission shaft through a connecting disc ring, and the passive short shaft does not rotate independently with the rotation of the transmission shaft; the distances from the end of the active long shaft, the end of the passive short shaft and the outer edge of the arc cutter to the axis center of the transmission shaft are equal.

[0009] Preferably, a collision trigger switch is installed on the main body of the passive short shaft to sense the collision of the shrimp head during transportation and trigger the counterclockwise rotation of the active long shaft. The collision trigger switch includes a rotating collision plate, a slide rail, a collision sensor, a mounting bracket and a gravity circular shaft. The rotating collision plate is used to rotate when the bottom is hit by the shrimp head and the top touches the collision sensor. The gravity circular shaft is installed at the bottom of the rotating collision plate to maintain the vertical posture of the rotating collision plate when it is not hit. The slide rail changes the distance from the collision trigger switch to the end of the passive short shaft by sliding.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting disk is provided with a left baffle and a right baffle on the rotation path of the active long shaft. After the active long shaft rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, it hits the left baffle and drives the passive short shaft to rotate counterclockwise. After the active long shaft rotates clockwise by a certain angle, it hits the right baffle and drives the passive short shaft to rotate clockwise.

[0011] A mechanized head removal method for crayfish processing comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) The crayfish that have been graded and positioned head-to-tail in the previous process enter the feeding device with their heads facing forward. In the initial state, the passive short axis and the feeding device are in the same straight line. As the crayfish are transported, the crayfish heads enter the passive short axis.

[0013] (2) The collision trigger switch adjusts the position of the slide rail in advance according to the size and head-to-tail ratio of the batch of crayfish after grading, so that when the crayfish head collides with the rotating collision plate, the connection between the crayfish head and tail is located in the gap between the passive short axis and the feeding device. The collision of the crayfish head causes the rotating collision plate to rotate and contact the collision sensor, triggering the counterclockwise rotation of the active long axis.

[0014] (3) After the arc-shaped cutter cuts off the shrimp head by triggering the counterclockwise rotation of the active long axis, the active long axis touches the left baffle, driving the passive short axis to rotate counterclockwise together until the active long axis and the feeding device are aligned and on the same straight line, then stop. During this period, the shrimp tail is blocked by the arc-shaped cutter and does not move forward.

[0015] (4) After the arc-shaped cutter descends to the position below the feeding device, the shrimp tail continues to move forward and enters the pressure spring switch on the active long axis. Gravity causes the spring to contact the lower switch, triggering the active long axis to rotate clockwise. During this period, the shrimp head falls into the shrimp head collection box below, and the shrimp tail slides along the active long axis due to gravity.

[0016] (5) The driving long shaft touches the right baffle, driving the driven short shaft to rotate clockwise together until the driven short shaft aligns with the feeding device and stops after being on the same straight line. During this period, the shrimp tails fall into the lower shrimp tail collection box.

[0017] At this time, all devices return to the initial state, preparing for the next crayfish head removal operation. The entire crayfish head removal operation is powered and controlled by the power and control device.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention can complete the mechanized head removal process of crayfish, improve the processing efficiency, provide technical support for the mechanized processing operation of crayfish, and has high market practical application value.

[0020] (2) The driven short shaft of the present invention is provided with a collision trigger switch with a slide rail. By sliding to control the position of the rotating collision plate, the head removal process of crayfish of different specifications can be satisfied.

[0021] (3) A left baffle and a right baffle are arranged on the rotation path of the driving long shaft, and the driven short shaft rotates with the driving long shaft in stages, thereby completing the process of removing the heads of crayfish.

[0022] (4) The arc-shaped cutter can cut off the shrimp heads while rotating with the driving long shaft, and can block the shrimp tails from moving forward during this period, ensuring the completion of the crayfish head removal process.

[0023] (5) Both the collision trigger switch and the pressure elastic sheet switch are triggered by the self-gravity and conveying force of the crayfish, without relying on manual operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanized head removal device for crayfish processing according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary head removal device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main body parts of the driving long shaft and the driven short shaft in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the collision trigger switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figures 5-9 Schematic diagram of the steps for removing the heads of crayfish in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: The rotary head-removing device 1, the feeding device 2, the power and control device 3, the device support 4, the shrimp head collection box 5, the shrimp tail collection box 6, the active long shaft 7, the passive short shaft 8, the connecting disc 9, the transmission shaft 10, the left baffle 11, the right baffle 12, the arc-shaped cutting knife 13, the pressure spring switch 14, the collision trigger switch 15, the rotary collision plate 16, the slide rail 17, the collision sensor 18, the mounting bracket 19, the gravity round shaft 20. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] As Figures 1-9 shown: A mechanized head-removing device for crayfish processing includes a rotary head-removing device 1, a feeding device 2, a power and control device 3, a device support 4, a shrimp head collection box 5, and a shrimp tail collection box 6. The discharge end of the feeding device 2 is guided to the rotary head-removing device 1 to guide and convey the crayfish onto the rotary head-removing device 1; the power and control device 3 is used to control the rotary head-removing device 1 and provide power; the device support 4 is used to install each mechanism device of the mechanized head-removing device.

[0034] The rotary head-removing device 1 includes an active long shaft 7, a passive short shaft 8, and a connecting disc 9. The main part of the active long shaft 7 consists of two long parallel round shafts, and the middle position of the parallel round shafts is fixed on the transmission shaft 10 and rotates with the rotation of the transmission shaft 10, and is driven by the power and control device 3 to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0035] The top of the main part of the active long shaft 7 is provided with an arc-shaped cutting knife 13, and the arc-shaped cutting knife 13 rotates with the active long shaft 7 to cut the shrimp head. A pressure spring switch 14 is installed on the back of the round shaft at the installation position of the arc-shaped cutting knife 13, and the pressure spring switch 14 is used to sense the weight of the shrimp tail and trigger the clockwise rotation of the active long shaft 7.

[0036] The main body of the passive short shaft 8 consists of two shorter parallel circular shafts. The passive short shaft 8 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 10 through a connecting plate 9 and does not rotate independently with the rotation of the transmission shaft 10. The distances from the end of the active long shaft 7, the end of the passive short shaft 8, and the outer edge of the arc-shaped cutter 13 to the axis of the transmission shaft are equal.

[0037] A collision trigger switch 15 is installed on the main body of the passive short shaft 8 to sense the collision of the shrimp heads during transportation and trigger the counterclockwise rotation of the active long shaft 7. The collision trigger switch 15 includes a rotating collision plate 16, a slide rail 17, a collision sensor 18, a mounting bracket 19, and a gravity circular shaft 20. The rotating collision plate 16 is used to rotate when the bottom is collided by a shrimp head and the top touches the collision sensor 18. The gravity circular shaft 20 is installed at the bottom of the rotating collision plate 16 to maintain the vertical posture of the rotating collision plate 16 when not collided. The slide rail 17 changes the distance between the collision trigger switch 15 and the end of the passive short shaft 8 by sliding.

[0038] The connecting plate 9 is provided with a left baffle 11 and a right baffle 12 on the rotation path of the active long shaft 7. After the active long shaft 7 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle and touches the left baffle 11, it drives the passive short shaft 8 to rotate counterclockwise together. After the active long shaft 7 rotates clockwise by a certain angle and touches the right baffle 12, it drives the passive short shaft 8 to rotate clockwise together.

[0039] A mechanized method for removing the heads of crayfish includes the following steps:

[0040] 1. In the previous process, the crayfish that have been graded and positioned head and tail first enter the feeding device 2. In the initial state, the passive short shaft 8 is in the same straight line as the feeding device 2. As the crayfish are transported, the shrimp heads enter the passive short shaft 8.

[0041] 2. The collision trigger switch 15 adjusts the position of the slide rail 17 in advance according to the size and head-tail ratio of this batch of crayfish after grading, so that when the shrimp head collides with the rotating collision plate 16, the connection between the head and tail of the crayfish is located in the gap between the passive short shaft 8 and the feeding device 2. The collision of the shrimp head causes the rotating collision plate 16 to rotate and contact the collision sensor 18, triggering the counterclockwise rotation of the active long shaft 7.

[0042] 3. After the arc-shaped cutter 13 cuts off the shrimp head with the triggering of the counterclockwise rotation of the active long shaft 7, the active long shaft 7 touches the left baffle 11 and drives the passive short shaft 8 to rotate counterclockwise together until the active long shaft 7 is aligned with the feeding device 2 and stops when they are on the same straight line. During this period, the shrimp tail is blocked by the arc-shaped cutter 13 and does not move forward.

[0043] 4. After the arc-shaped cutting knife 13 descends to the position below the feeding device 2, the shrimp tails continue to move forward and enter the pressure shrapnel switch 14 on the active long shaft 7. Gravity causes the shrapnel to contact the lower switch, triggering the clockwise rotation of the active long shaft 7. During this period, the shrimp heads fall into the lower shrimp head collection box 5, and the shrimp tails slide along the active long shaft 7 due to gravity.

[0044] 5. The active long shaft 7 touches the right baffle 12, driving the passive short shaft 8 to rotate clockwise together until the passive short shaft 8 is aligned with the feeding device 2 and stops after being on the same straight line. During this period, the shrimp tails fall into the lower shrimp tail collection box 6.

[0045] At this time, all devices return to the initial state, preparing for the next action of removing the heads of crayfish. The entire action of removing the heads of crayfish is powered and controlled by the power and control device 3.

[0046] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A mechanized decapitation device for crayfish processing, characterized in that It includes a rotary decapitation device, a feeding device, a power and control device, a device support, a shrimp head collection box, and a shrimp tail collection box; the discharge end of the feeding device is guided to the rotary decapitation device to guide and convey the crayfish to the rotary decapitation device, the power and control device is used to control the rotary decapitation device and provide power, and the device support is used to install each mechanism device of the mechanized decapitation device; The rotary decapitation device includes a driving long shaft, a driven short shaft, and a connecting disk. Both the driving long shaft and the driven short shaft include a main body part and additional devices installed on the main body part; The main body part of the driving long shaft is composed of two long parallel circular shafts. The middle position of the parallel circular shafts is fixed on the transmission shaft and rotates with the rotation of the transmission shaft. It rotates clockwise and counterclockwise by the power provided by the power and control device; an arc-shaped cutter is installed at the top of the main body part of the driving long shaft. The arc-shaped cutter rotates with the driving long shaft to cut the shrimp head. A pressure elastic sheet switch is installed on the back of the circular shaft at the installation position of the arc-shaped cutter. The pressure elastic sheet switch is used to sense the weight of the shrimp tail and trigger the clockwise rotation of the driving long shaft.

2. The mechanized decapitation device for crayfish processing according to claim 1, characterized in that The main body part of the driven short shaft is composed of two short parallel circular shafts. The driven short shaft is installed on the transmission shaft through a connecting disk ring sleeve and does not rotate independently with the rotation of the transmission shaft; The distances from the end of the driving long shaft, the end of the driven short shaft, and the outer edge of the arc-shaped cutter to the axis of the transmission shaft are equal; a collision trigger switch is installed on the main body part of the driven short shaft to sense the collision of the shrimp head during transportation and trigger the counterclockwise rotation of the driving long shaft.

3. The mechanized decapitation device for crayfish processing according to claim 1, characterized in that The collision trigger switch includes a rotary collision plate, a slide rail, a collision sensor, a mounting bracket, and a gravity circular shaft; the rotary collision plate is used to rotate when the bottom is collided by the shrimp head and touch the collision sensor at the top; the gravity circular shaft is installed at the bottom of the rotary collision plate to maintain the vertical posture of the rotary collision plate when not collided; the slide rail changes the distance from the collision trigger switch to the end of the driven short shaft by sliding.

4. The mechanized decapitation device for crayfish processing according to claim 1, characterized in that The connecting disk is fixed on the driven short shaft, and a left baffle and a right baffle are arranged on the rotation path of the driving long shaft. When the driving long shaft rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle and touches the left baffle, it drives the driven short shaft to rotate counterclockwise together. When the driving long shaft rotates clockwise by a certain angle and touches the right baffle, it drives the driven short shaft to rotate clockwise together.

5. A mechanized decapitation method for crayfish processing, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) In the previous process, the crayfish that have been graded and positioned head and tail enter the feeding device with the head facing forward. In the initial state, the driven short shaft is in the same straight line as the feeding device. As the crayfish are conveyed, the shrimp heads of the crayfish enter the driven short shaft; (2) The collision trigger switch adjusts the position of the slide rail in advance according to the size and head-tail ratio of this batch of crayfish after grading, so that when the shrimp head of the crayfish collides with the rotary collision plate, the connection part between the head and tail of the crayfish is located in the gap between the driven short shaft and the feeding device. The collision of the shrimp head of the crayfish causes the rotary collision plate to rotate and contact the collision sensor, triggering the counterclockwise rotation of the driving long shaft; After the arc-shaped cutter cuts off the shrimp head with the counterclockwise rotation of the trigger active long shaft, when the active long shaft touches the left baffle, it drives the passive short shaft to rotate counterclockwise together until the active long shaft aligns with the feeding device and stops after being on the same straight line. During this period, the shrimp tail is blocked by the arc-shaped cutter and no longer moves forward; After the arc-shaped cutter descends to the position below the feeding device, the shrimp tail continues to move forward and enters the pressure elastic sheet switch on the active long shaft. Gravity causes the elastic sheet to contact the lower switch and triggers the clockwise rotation of the active long shaft. During this period, the shrimp head falls into the lower shrimp head collection box, and the shrimp tail slides along the active long shaft due to gravity; When the active long shaft touches the right baffle, it drives the passive short shaft to rotate clockwise together until the passive short shaft aligns with the feeding device and stops after being on the same straight line. During this period, the shrimp tail falls into the lower shrimp tail collection box; At this time, all devices return to the initial state, ready for the next shrimp head removal action. The entire shrimp head removal action is powered and controlled by the power and control device.

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