Stacked leacher and leaching process

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil extraction. The stacked extractor comprises: an upper extractor, comprising a first extraction cavity, a first conveying assembly, a first sieve plate, a first spraying assembly and a first oil collecting bucket assembly; and a lower extractor, which has the same structure as the upper extractor and comprises a second extraction cavity, a second conveying assembly, a second sieve plate, a second spraying assembly and a second spraying assembly; the second extraction cavity and the first extraction cavity are oppositely arranged in terms of the movement direction of the materials; and a power mechanism is drivingly connected to the first conveying assembly and the second conveying assembly. The present application also discloses a stacked extraction process realized by using the above-mentioned extractor. The present application is used to solve the technical problem of the existing extractor that the oil accumulates high, the oil is solidified, the solvent penetration is not conducive to soaking, and the extraction effect is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil leaching technology, specifically relating to a stacked leaching apparatus and a stacked leaching process implemented using the aforementioned stacked leaching apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The leaching unit is the core equipment in the leaching workshop, representing the first step in the production process. Its operational efficiency and production indicators directly impact the results of subsequent equipment and processes. Due to the varying characteristics of oilseeds, the effectiveness of oil extraction depends on the leaching unit's structure. Most leaching units on the market currently separate the oilseeds after they have accumulated to a certain height on a screen, followed by spraying, soaking, and draining. However, when the oilseeds accumulate to a certain height and come into contact with the solvent, they expand internally, becoming compacted. Although the oil is propelled forward by the conveyor blades, the soaked oil cannot be loosened, resulting in very small gaps between the oil particles. This hinders solvent penetration, compromising leaching efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first objective of this invention is to provide a stacked leaching device to solve the technical problem that existing leaching devices have high oil accumulation, making the oil compacted, which is not conducive to solvent penetration and leaching, resulting in poor leaching effect.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a stacked leaching device, comprising:

[0005] The upper leaching section includes:

[0006] A first leaching chamber is provided, a first conveying assembly is provided inside the first leaching chamber, and a first sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the first leaching chamber;

[0007] A first spray assembly is located above the first leaching chamber and is used to provide solvent to the first leaching chamber;

[0008] The first oil collection hopper assembly is located below the first screen plate, and the first oil collection hopper assembly is connected to the first spray assembly via a pipeline and a delivery pump;

[0009] The lower leaching section includes:

[0010] The second leaching chamber is connected to the first leaching chamber via a chute; a second conveying assembly is provided inside the second leaching chamber, and a second sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the second leaching chamber; the material movement directions in the second leaching chamber and the first leaching chamber are opposite.

[0011] The second spray assembly is located above the second leaching chamber and is used to provide solvent to the second leaching chamber;

[0012] The second oil collection hopper assembly is located below the second screen plate, and the second oil collection hopper assembly is connected to the second spray assembly via a pipeline and a delivery pump;

[0013] The power mechanism drives the first conveying component and the second conveying component.

[0014] The first conveying assembly in the upper leaching section propels the oil from the tail end forward. When the oil reaches the front end of the upper leaching section, it falls from the outlet into the chute pipe and then into the lower leaching section cavity via the inlet. The second conveying assembly propels the oil from the head of the lower leaching cavity from front to back. In each leaching cavity section, the oil is continuously agitated, propelled, and combined in a repetitive motion. The first oil collecting hopper assembly collects the mixed oil obtained by screening through the first sieve plate; the second oil collecting hopper assembly collects the mixed oil obtained by screening through the second sieve plate. This stacked leaching apparatus of the present invention can achieve better leaching results, allowing for more thorough contact between the oil and solvent, high leaching uniformity, high leaching efficiency, and stable leaching results.

[0015] To address the technical problem of insufficient contact between oil and solvent in the first leaching chamber caused by a single conveying component, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the first conveying component includes a first active conveying component and a first driven conveying component arranged in parallel.

[0016] Both the first active conveyor and the first driven conveyor include a first conveying shaft, and a first conveying blade and a first pushing claw disposed on the first conveying shaft; the first pushing claws are disposed on both sides of the first conveying blade.

[0017] The first conveying assembly is equipped with pusher claws and conveying blades, which loosen the compacted oil, facilitating leaching. As the oil is sprayed forward, the pusher claws agitate it, ensuring more thorough contact with the solvent and rapid oil displacement, thus avoiding the need for a larger leaching unit. The first conveying assembly of this invention employs a combination of an active and a driven conveyor, ensuring the oil is fully agitated within the first leaching chamber, guaranteeing more complete contact between the oil and solvent, higher leaching uniformity, higher leaching efficiency, and more stable leaching results.

[0018] To address the technical problem of insufficient contact between oil and solvent in the second leaching chamber caused by a single conveying component, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the second conveying component includes a second active conveying member and a second driven conveying member arranged in parallel; the second active conveying member is connected to the power mechanism via a transmission mechanism.

[0019] Both the second active conveyor and the second driven conveyor include a second conveying shaft, and a second conveying blade and a second pusher claw disposed on the second conveying shaft; the second pusher claws are disposed on both sides of the second conveying blade.

[0020] The second conveying assembly, equipped with pusher claws and conveying blades, loosens the compacted oil, facilitating leaching. As the oil is sprayed forward, the pusher claws agitate it, ensuring more thorough contact with the solvent and rapid oil displacement, thus avoiding the need for a larger leaching unit. This invention's second conveying assembly utilizes a combination of active and driven conveyors, ensuring the oil is fully agitated within the second leaching chamber. This guarantees more complete contact between the oil and solvent, resulting in higher leaching uniformity, higher leaching efficiency, and more stable leaching results.

[0021] During the leaching process, the mixed oil is filtered through a screen plate and separated from the oil. Currently, the screen plate is directly below the oil. Due to the characteristics of some oils, the filtration area is insufficient, resulting in the mixed oil in the oil collection hopper not having enough time to circulate and spray, thus failing to ensure continuous operation. In some leaching machines, the internal conveying structure has a portion of the pusher plate that moves on the screen plate, i.e., sliding friction, which increases the power and the mechanical motion failure rate.

[0022] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate are both U-shaped structures, including a horizontal part, an arc part and a vertical part, and the two sides of the horizontal part are respectively connected to the corresponding vertical part via the corresponding arc part; sieve holes are provided on the horizontal part and the arc part to form a sieving part; the sieve holes are arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching chamber.

[0023] The first (second) sieve plate of this invention has two functions: first, it serves as a component of the lower cavity of the first (second) sieve plate; second, sieve holes are machined on both its horizontal and arc-shaped portions to form a sieving section. In the sieving section, in addition to filtration in the horizontal portion, filtration can also be performed in the arc-shaped portion, forming a multi-faceted filtration system, which increases the filtration area and facilitates the filtration of the mixed oil into the oil collecting hopper below.

[0024] This invention maintains a certain gap between the first conveying assembly (second conveying assembly), the first leaching chamber (second leaching chamber), and the surfaces of the first screen plate (second screen plate). The conveying body does not contact the screen plate, eliminating friction and reducing operating resistance. This prevents wear on the screen surface during operation of the first conveying assembly (second conveying assembly), effectively protecting the screen surface and extending the service life of the screen plate. Furthermore, the gaps in the screen plate are arranged along the oil travel direction, preventing any resistance to the forward movement of the oil.

[0025] To further address the technical problems of small filtration area and easy friction between the screen plate and the conveying assembly, this invention adopts the following technical solution: the arc portion is tangent to the vertical portion; the arc portion is tangent to the horizontal portion; and the axis of the arc portion is coaxial with the axis of the corresponding conveying component. This invention, by tangenting the arc portion to both the horizontal and vertical portions, further ensures the filtration area and, moreover, prevents the screen plate from contacting the conveying assembly, reducing operating resistance.

[0026] To address the technical problem of existing leaching machines using multiple drives and the resulting output deviation leading to synchronization issues, this invention adopts the following technical solution: the power mechanism includes a drive component, a first gear transmission mechanism, a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism, and a second gear transmission mechanism.

[0027] The output shaft of the drive component is connected to the first active conveyor component;

[0028] The first active conveyor is connected to the first driven conveyor via the first gear transmission mechanism;

[0029] The first driven conveyor is connected to the second active conveyor assembly via the sprocket and chain drive mechanism;

[0030] The second active conveyor is connected to the second driven conveyor via the second gear transmission mechanism. The stacked leaching tank of this invention drives only the first drive shaft of the first active conveyor, requiring only a single power input source, thus ensuring synchronous operation of the conveying components. This invention utilizes a gear transmission mechanism, resulting in a compact structure, high efficiency, long service life, and high transmission efficiency.

[0031] To address the technical problem that different concentrations of mixed oil affect the leaching effect due to different spraying methods, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the first leaching chamber is formed by connecting several first leaching sections in sequence; each first leaching section is provided with a first spraying component and a first oil collecting hopper component; the mixed oil in adjacent first oil collecting hopper components can achieve self-overflow;

[0032] The second leaching chamber is formed by connecting several second leaching sections in sequence. Each second leaching section is equipped with a second spray assembly and a second oil collection hopper assembly. The mixed oil in adjacent second oil collection hopper assemblies can overflow by itself.

[0033] Each leaching section forms a leaching stage, resulting in multiple leaching stages stacked vertically to fully utilize the remaining vertical space in the workshop. In this invention, the bottom oil collection hoppers of the different leaching sections store the mixed oil filtered from the screen plate. After pre-spray leaching, each connected hopper stores a mixed oil of varying concentrations, allowing for grading to different concentrations. The pre-spray leaching, where the mixed oil stored in a single hopper is piped to a spray head directly above it and sprayed out by adjacent spray heads moving in the opposite direction to the oil's movement, better suits the leaching process.

[0034] To address the technical problem that oil collecting hoppers cannot achieve self-overflow, this invention adopts the following technical solution: both the first and second oil collecting hopper assemblies include oil collecting hoppers. A baffle plate is installed inside each oil collecting hopper, dividing it into two hopper bodies. The mixed oil between the two hopper bodies can achieve self-overflow. Each hopper body, together with its corresponding spray assembly, forms another leaching stage, improving the leaching effect.

[0035] Preferably, the oil collection hoppers formed by several first oil collection hopper assemblies are interconnected, and each hopper is arranged from high to low or from low to high along the direction of oil movement, so as to realize the self-overflow of mixed oil and ensure that each connected hopper stores mixed oil with varying concentration; the oil collection hoppers formed by several second oil collection hopper assemblies are interconnected, and each hopper is arranged from high to low or from low to high along the direction of oil movement, so as to realize the self-overflow of mixed oil and ensure that each connected hopper stores mixed oil with varying concentration.

[0036] To address the technical problem that ordinary draining cannot reduce the solubility of wet meal, this invention adopts the following technical solution: the second leaching chamber further includes a draining section located at the discharge end of the second leaching chamber. The draining chamber of this invention can be connected to external process equipment to improve the draining effect.

[0037] The second objective of this invention is to provide a stacked leaching process to solve the technical problem that existing leaching machines have high oil accumulation, making the oil compacted, which is not conducive to solvent penetration and leaching, resulting in poor leaching effect.

[0038] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a stacked leaching process is characterized by being implemented using any of the stacked leaching apparatuses described above, specifically as follows:

[0039] Oil enters the first leaching chamber through the inlet of the upper leaching section. Under the action of the first conveying assembly, the oil moves towards the outlet of the first leaching chamber. Simultaneously, the first spraying assembly sprays solvent into the first leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the first oil collecting hopper assembly through the first screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the first oil collecting hopper assembly is transported through a pipeline to the first spraying assembly for circulating spraying.

[0040] Oil from the outlet of the first leaching chamber enters the second leaching chamber of the lower leaching section through a pipe. Under the action of the second conveying assembly, the oil moves towards the outlet of the second leaching chamber. Simultaneously, the second spraying assembly sprays solvent into the second leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the second oil collecting hopper assembly through the second screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the second oil collecting hopper assembly passes through a pipe to the second spraying assembly to achieve circulating spraying.

[0041] Preferably, the spray assembly corresponding to each bucket consists of a pipe leading to a spray head directly above it and an adjacent spray head in the opposite direction of oil movement, forming a pre-spray system to improve the leaching effect.

[0042] The oil level inside the first leaching chamber is a distance below the first spray assembly. Under the action of the first conveying assembly, the oil is leached from back to front in stages. Upon reaching the outlet of the upper leaching section, the oil automatically falls into a chute and into the lower leaching chamber. Under the action of the second conveying assembly, the oil is leached from front to back in stages. Simultaneously, the bottom oil collecting hoppers of the upper and lower leaching sections store mixed oil filtered from the first or second screen plate. After being leached by the pre-spray, each connected oil collecting hopper stores mixed oil of varying concentrations. Within each leaching chamber, the oil is constantly agitated, propelled, and combined, undergoing repeated motion to improve the leaching effect. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the stacked leaching device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a front view of the stacked leaching device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a top view of the stacked leaching device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a left view of the stacked leaching device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the stacked leaching device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil collecting hopper assembly of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first active material feeding assembly of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive gear and the bearing with a mounting seat of the first active feeding assembly of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first sieve plate (second sieve plate) of the present invention;

[0052] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0053] 10-stack leaching tank;

[0054] 100 upper leaching section;

[0055] 110 First upper cavity; 111 Observation mirror; 112 Square manhole;

[0056] 120 First lower cavity; 121 Feed inlet;

[0057] 130 First active conveying assembly; 131 First drive shaft; 132 Conveying blade; 133 Pusher claw; 134 First mounted bearing; 135 Second mounted bearing; 136 Third mounted bearing; 137 First drive gear; 138 First suspension assembly;

[0058] 140 First driven conveying assembly; 141 First driven shaft; 142 Conveying blade; 143 Pusher claw; 144 Fourth mounted bearing; 145 Fifth mounted bearing; 146 Sixth mounted bearing; 147 First driven gear; 148 Second suspension assembly;

[0059] 150 First sieve plate; 151 Vertical section 1; 151 Arc section 1; 153 Horizontal section 1; 154 Sieve hole 1; 155 Overlapping section 1;

[0060] 160 First oil collection bucket assembly; 161 Oil collection bucket one; 162 First baffle plate;

[0061] 170 First spray assembly;

[0062] leaching section at 200°C;

[0063] 210 Second upper cavity; 211 Observation mirror; 212 Inspection hole;

[0064] 220 Second lower cavity;

[0065] 230 Second active conveying assembly; 231 Second drive shaft; 232 Conveying blade; 233 Pusher claw; 234 Seventh seated bearing; 235 Eighth seated bearing; 236 Ninth seated bearing; 237 Second drive gear; 238 Third suspension assembly;

[0066] 240 Second driven conveyor assembly; 241 Second driven shaft; 245 Eleventh bearing with mounting bracket; 247 Second driven gear;

[0067] 250 Second sieve plate; 251 Vertical section two; 251 Arc section two; 253 Horizontal section two; 254 Sieve hole two; 255 Overlap section two;

[0068] 260 Second oil collection hopper assembly; 261 Second oil collection hopper; 262 Second baffle plate;

[0069] 270 Second spray assembly;

[0070] 300 feed pipe;

[0071] 400 Power mechanism; 401 Motor; 402 Gearbox; 403 Output shaft; 404 Drive sprocket; 405 Chain; 406 Driven sprocket; 407 Chain drive box; 408 First gearbox; 409 Second gearbox;

[0072] 500 discharge hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0073] In this embodiment, the power mechanism of the stacked leaching device is designated as "front", the inlet and outlet are designated as "rear", the inlets of the first and second spray components are designated as "left", and vice versa as "right".

[0074] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the stacked leaching unit 10 includes an upper leaching section 100, a lower leaching section 200, a chute 300, a power mechanism 400, and a discharge hopper 500.

[0075] The upper leaching section 100 includes a first leaching chamber, a first conveying assembly, a first oil collecting hopper assembly 160, and a first spraying assembly 170. The first upper chamber 110 and the first lower chamber 120 constitute the first leaching chamber.

[0076] In one embodiment, the first leaching chamber includes a first upper chamber 110, a first lower chamber 120, and a first sieve plate 150. The first upper chamber 110 and the first lower chamber 120 are joined together to form the first leaching chamber without being separated by a partition.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first leaching chamber is composed of two or more leaching chamber segments arranged in a front-to-back direction. The first upper chamber 110 and the first lower chamber 120 adopt a segmented leaching chamber assembly structure. The leaching chamber segments are connected by flanges, with a sealing gasket between the two flanges, and the two flanges are fastened with fasteners. A blind plate is left at the front and rear sections of each first lower chamber 120.

[0078] An inspection hole 112, preferably a square manhole, is provided at the top of the first upper cavity 110. Transparent observation mirrors 111 are provided on the front and rear side plates of the first upper cavity 110 for observing the internal working status of the upper leaching section 100.

[0079] Several first spray assemblies 170 extending through the width of the stacked leaching tank are installed on the first leaching chamber. In one embodiment, a first spray assembly 170 is installed on the upper part of each section of the first leaching chamber, i.e., the first upper chamber 110, and the first spray assembly 170 is arranged along the width of the first chamber 110. The front flange of the first spray assembly 170 is fixed to a hole on the left wall plate of the first upper chamber, and its rear end is fixed to a hole on the right wall plate of the first upper chamber. The spray mounting holes on the left and right side walls of the first upper chamber are coaxial. The first spray assembly consists of several spray heads, corresponding to multiple leaching sections, and the material is conveyed by a conveying assembly within the chamber.

[0080] A feed inlet 121 is provided at the rear end of the first leaching chamber. The feed inlet 121 is located at the tail end of the first leaching chamber of the upper leaching section 100. The feed inlet 121 communicates with the upper rear corner of the first upper chamber 110 of the upper leaching section. Two inclined guide plates are provided before and after the feed inlet 121, with the first guide plate inside the first upper chamber 110. The feed plates before and after the feed inlet are inclined from top to bottom in the direction of oil movement. The first leaching chamber is located below the inclined inlet.

[0081] A first conveying assembly is disposed inside the first lower cavity 120. In one embodiment, the first conveying assembly includes a first active conveying assembly 130 and a first driven conveying assembly 140.

[0082] The first active conveying assembly 130 includes a first drive shaft 131, a conveying blade 132, a first seated bearing 134, a second seated bearing 135, a third seated bearing 136, a first drive gear 137, and a first suspension assembly 138.

[0083] A first bearing 134 is mounted at the rear end of the first lower cavity 120. A second bearing 135 and a third bearing 136 are mounted at the front end of the first lower cavity 120. The rear end of the first drive shaft 131 is supported on the first bearing 134, and the front end of the first drive shaft 131 is supported on the second bearing 135 and the third bearing 136. Both ends of the first drive shaft 131 are mounted in rolling bearings, reducing mechanical failure. A first drive gear 137 is mounted on the first drive shaft 131 between the second bearing 135 and the third bearing 136. A conveying blade 132 is provided on the first drive shaft 131.

[0084] In one embodiment, the first active conveyor is composed of two or more segments connected together. The first active shafts 131 of adjacent segments are connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported on the first lower cavity 120 by the first suspension assembly 138.

[0085] In one embodiment, a pusher claw 133 is also installed on the first drive shaft 131. The pusher claw not only pushes the material but also breaks up compacted oil. The pusher claw 133 is installed on the first drive shaft 131 via a connecting rod. Specifically, the bottom of the pusher claw 133 is fixed to the connecting rod. The first drive shaft 131 has through holes at 120° intervals in the radial direction, staggered from each other. Holes are equidistantly spaced along the axial direction in each angular direction. The connecting rod passes through the through holes and is secured with fasteners. In one embodiment, the pusher claw 133 is located on both sides of the conveying blade 132. In another embodiment, the pusher claw 133 and the conveying blade 132 are spaced apart. The pusher claw 133 is preferably fan-shaped, with radial grooves machined on it. In one embodiment, several pusher claws are installed at both ends of each section of the first drive shaft 131, and several consecutive sections of conveying blades are installed in the middle of the shaft. This conveyor structure can adapt to the leaching of oils with different characteristics.

[0086] The first driven conveying component 140 includes a first driven shaft 141, a second conveying blade 142, a fourth seated bearing 144, a fifth seated bearing 145, a sixth seated bearing 146, a first driven gear 147, and a second suspension assembly 148.

[0087] A fourth bearing 144 is installed at the rear end of the first lower cavity 120. A fifth bearing 145 and a sixth bearing 146 are installed at the front end of the first lower cavity 120. The rear end of the first driven shaft 141 is supported on the fourth bearing 144, and the front end of the first driven shaft 141 is supported on the fifth bearing 145 and the sixth bearing 146. A first driven gear 147 is installed on the first driven shaft 141 between the fifth bearing 145 and the sixth bearing 146. The first driven gear 147 meshes with the first driving gear 137. A second conveying blade 142 is provided on the first driven shaft 141. Both ends of the first driven shaft 141 are installed in rolling bearings, reducing mechanical failures.

[0088] In one embodiment, the first driven conveyor is composed of two or more segments connected together. The first driven shafts 141 of adjacent segments are connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported on the first lower cavity 120 by the second suspension assembly 148.

[0089] In one embodiment, a second pusher claw 143 is also mounted on the first driven shaft 141. The pusher claw not only pushes the material but also breaks up compacted oil. The second pusher claw 143 is mounted on the second drive shaft 141 via a connecting rod and is located on both sides of the second conveying blade 142. The second pusher claw 143 is preferably fan-shaped, and radial grooves are machined on it.

[0090] In one embodiment, each segment of the first driven shaft 141 is equipped with several pusher claws at both ends, and a series of conveying blades are installed in the middle of the shaft. The conveyor body using this structure can adapt to the leaching of oils with different characteristics. The pusher claws and the pushing surfaces of the conveying blades are installed according to the rotation direction of the shaft, with the pushing surfaces facing from back to front.

[0091] The two shafts of the first conveying assembly, namely the first drive shaft and the first driven shaft, are respectively installed in their respective bearings, with one bearing at the tail and two bearings at the head. The first drive shaft has a first drive gear installed at its end, which is located between the two bearings at the head. The first driven shaft has a gear identical to that on the first drive shaft at its end. The first drive shaft drives the first driven shaft to rotate through the gear. The two shafts rotate in opposite directions, and the pusher claws and spiral blades installed on the two shafts are mirror images of each other.

[0092] The first leaching chamber houses the first conveying assembly, which includes two parallel shafts: one a driving shaft and the other a driven shaft. Pusher claws and / or conveying blades are mounted on each of the two parallel shafts. The two ends of the shafts are mounted in bearing assemblies at the front and rear ends of the chamber. The two shafts can rotate simultaneously, one clockwise and the other counterclockwise. In one embodiment, pusher claws and conveying blades are mounted on both shafts simultaneously, with the pusher claws and conveying blades installed alternately, and the two rotating pusher claws moving in the same direction.

[0093] The first lower cavity 120 of the upper leaching section 100 has a discharge port at its far end, and the second upper cavity 210 at the far end of the lower leaching section 200 has a discharge inlet. A discharge pipe 300 connects the discharge port and the discharge inlet. The first conveying assembly of the upper leaching section pushes the oil from the rear to the front. When the oil reaches the far end of the upper leaching section, the oil pushed to the front end of the upper leaching section cavity falls from the discharge port into the discharge pipe, and then enters the lower leaching section cavity through the discharge inlet.

[0094] A first sieve plate 150 is assembled between the front and rear blind plates of the first lower cavity 120, and the filter surface of the first sieve plate 150 is flush with the inner surface of the blind plates. In one embodiment, the first sieve plate 150 has a U-shaped structure, including a vertical portion 151, an arc portion 152, and a horizontal portion 153. A sieve hole 154 is machined in the middle of the horizontal portion 153, and the sieve hole 154 is arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching cavity. Arc portions 152 are respectively arranged on both sides of the horizontal portion 153. A sieve hole 154 is machined in the middle of the arc portion 152, and the sieve hole 154 is arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching cavity. The horizontal portion 153 and the arc portion 152 form a screening section. A vertical portion 151 is provided on the arc portion 152, and the end of the vertical portion 151 is bent at 90° to form an overlapping portion 155, which is used for assembly with the first lower cavity 120.

[0095] The horizontal section 153 and the left and right vertical sections 151 are connected by an arc section 152. In one embodiment, the arc section 152 is tangent to the vertical section 151 and the arc section 152 is tangent to the horizontal section 153. The axis of the arc section 152 is coaxial with the axis of the corresponding conveying shaft (first driving shaft or first driven shaft).

[0096] The first conveying component has a certain gap with the first leaching chamber and the surface of the first screen plate, which avoids wear on the screen surface during operation, fully protects the screen surface, and extends the service life of the screen plate.

[0097] The gaps in the sieve plate are arranged along the direction of oil flow, so they do not hinder the forward movement of the oil. The bottom and arc section of the cavity are sieve plate structures, which facilitates the filtration of mixed oil into the oil collection hopper below.

[0098] The first oil collecting hopper assembly 160 includes an oil collecting hopper 161. In one embodiment, a baffle plate 162 is provided in the oil collecting hopper 161. The baffle plate 162 divides the oil collecting hopper 161 into two hoppers, and the mixed oil between the two hoppers can be self-overflowing.

[0099] In one embodiment, an oil collecting hopper assembly 1 is installed on the lower part of each first leaching chamber, i.e., the first lower chamber 120. Each oil collecting hopper assembly 1 is divided into two hoppers by a central baffle plate. The hoppers of the first oil collecting hopper assembly are connected to a first spray assembly via a first pipe. The first spray assembly consists of a spray head directly above it and adjacent spray heads moving in the opposite direction to the oil flow, forming a pre-spray system. The oil collecting hopper contains the mixed oil filtered down from the first screen plate. Since the pre-installed circulating spray assemblies correspond to their respective lower oil collecting hoppers, a concentration gradient of the mixed oil is formed within each hopper. The first spray assembly 170 on each first leaching chamber is connected to the corresponding oil collecting hopper assembly 1 via a pipe, and a delivery pump is installed on the pipe to form a circulating spray structure. The segmented leaching chamber, along with its corresponding lower oil collecting hopper assembly and upper spray assembly, enables pre-leaching, which better meets the requirements of the leaching process and improves leaching performance.

[0100] The tail end of the first leaching chamber is equipped with an end face sealing plate, and there is a sealing gasket between the end face sealing plate and the first leaching chamber. The entire outer ring is fastened with several fasteners, and there is a sealing body at the rear of the end face sealing plate for shaft end sealing.

[0101] The lower leaching section 200 includes a second leaching chamber, a second conveying assembly, a second oil collecting hopper assembly 260, and a second spraying assembly 270.

[0102] In one embodiment, the second leaching chamber is located below the first leaching chamber, and the second leaching chamber includes a second upper chamber 210, a second lower chamber 220, and a second sieve plate 250.

[0103] In one embodiment, the second leaching chamber is composed of two or more leaching chamber segments arranged in a front-to-back direction. The second upper chamber 210 and the second lower chamber 220 adopt a segmented assembly structure. The leaching chamber segments are connected by flanges, with a sealing gasket between the two flanges, and the two flanges are fastened with fasteners. A blind plate is left at the front and rear sections of each second lower chamber 220.

[0104] The second upper cavity 210 is provided with an inspection hole 212 at the top for routine maintenance, preferably a square manhole. A transparent observation mirror 211 is provided on the front side of the second upper cavity 210 for observing the internal working status of the lower leaching section 200.

[0105] The second leaching chamber is equipped with several second spray assemblies 270 that extend through the width of the stacked leaching tank. In one embodiment, a second spray assembly 270 is installed on the upper part of each section of the second leaching chamber, i.e., the second upper chamber 210. The second spray assemblies 270 are arranged along the width of the second upper chamber 210. The front flange of the second spray assembly 270 is fixed to a hole in the left wall panel of the second upper chamber, and the rear end is fixed to a hole in the right wall panel of the second upper chamber. The spray mounting holes on the left and right side wall panels of the second upper chamber are coaxial.

[0106] The second lower cavity 220 is provided with a second conveying assembly. In one embodiment, the second conveying assembly includes a second active conveying assembly 230 and a second driven conveying assembly 240.

[0107] The second active conveying assembly 230 includes a second active shaft 231, a third conveying blade 232, a seventh seated bearing 234, an eighth seated bearing 235, a ninth seated bearing 236, a second active gear 237, and a third suspension assembly 238.

[0108] The seventh bearing 234 is installed at the rear end of the second lower cavity 220. The eighth bearing 235 and the ninth bearing 236 are installed at the front end of the second lower cavity 220. The rear end of the second drive shaft 231 is supported on the seventh bearing 234, and the front end of the second drive shaft 231 is supported on the eighth bearing 235 and the ninth bearing 236. Both ends of the second drive shaft 231 are installed in rolling bearings, reducing mechanical failure. A second drive gear 237 is installed on the second drive shaft 231 between the eighth bearing 235 and the ninth bearing 236. A third conveyor blade 232 is installed on the second drive shaft 231.

[0109] In one embodiment, the second active conveyor is composed of two or more segments connected together. The second active shafts 231 of adjacent segments are connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported on the second lower cavity 220 by a third suspension assembly 238.

[0110] In one embodiment, a pusher claw 233 is also installed on the second drive shaft 231. The pusher claw not only pushes the material but also breaks up compacted oil. The pusher claw 233 is mounted on the second drive shaft 231 via a connecting rod and is located on both sides of the conveyor blade 232. The pusher claw 233 is preferably fan-shaped, with radial grooves machined on it. In one embodiment, several pusher claws are installed at both ends of each section of the second drive shaft 231, and several consecutive sections of conveyor blades are installed in the middle of the shaft. This conveyor structure allows it to adapt to the leaching of oils with different characteristics.

[0111] The second driven conveying assembly 240 includes a second driven shaft 241, four conveying blades, a tenth seated bearing, an eleventh seated bearing 245, a twelfth seated bearing, and a second driven gear 247.

[0112] The tenth bearing is installed at the rear end of the second lower cavity 220. The eleventh and twelfth bearings are installed at the front end of the second lower cavity 220. The rear end of the second driven shaft 241 is supported on the tenth bearing, and the front end is supported on the eleventh and twelfth bearings. Both ends of the second driven shaft 241 are mounted in rolling bearings, reducing mechanical failure. A second driven gear 247 is installed on the second driven shaft 241 between the eleventh and twelfth bearings. The second driven gear 247 meshes with the second driving gear 337. Four conveying blades are provided on the second driven shaft 241.

[0113] In one embodiment, the second driven conveyor is composed of two or more segments connected together, with the second driven shafts 241 of adjacent segments connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported on the first lower cavity 120 by a suspension assembly.

[0114] In one embodiment, a fourth pusher claw is also mounted on the second driven shaft 241. The pusher claw not only pushes the material but also breaks up compacted oil. The second pusher claw is mounted on the second driven shaft 241 via a connecting rod and is located on both sides of the fourth conveyor blade. The fourth pusher claw is preferably fan-shaped, and radial grooves are machined on it.

[0115] In one embodiment, each segment of the second driven shaft 241 is equipped with several pusher claws at both ends, and a series of conveying blades are installed in the middle of the shaft. The conveyor body using this structure can adapt to the leaching of oils with different characteristics. The pusher claws and the pushing surfaces of the conveying blades are installed according to the rotation direction of the shaft, with the pushing surfaces facing from front to back.

[0116] The upper first drive shaft and the lower second drive shaft are cross-assembled, and the upper first driven shaft and the lower second driven shaft are cross-assembled. Specifically, the lower second driven shaft is set below the upper first drive shaft, and the second drive shaft is set below the upper first driven shaft.

[0117] The pushing surfaces of the pusher claws and conveyor blades of the second conveying assembly face towards the rear of the stacked leaching tank. The installation angles of the pusher claws and conveyor blades on the two shafts of the second conveying assembly are different from those of the first conveying assembly. The first conveying assembly pushes the oil from back to front, while the second conveying assembly pushes the oil from front to back.

[0118] The lower leaching section cavity houses a second conveying assembly, which also consists of two parallel shafts and multiple pusher claws and conveying blades. However, the pusher claws and conveying blades of the second conveying assembly in the lower leaching section are installed at different angles than those in the upper leaching section. The first conveying assembly propels the oil from the rear to the front of the upper leaching cavity, while the second conveying assembly propels the oil from the front to the rear of the lower leaching cavity. A discharge port is located at the rear of the lower leaching section cavity, below which is a discharge hopper. The lower conveyor pushes the oil to the discharge port and then through the discharge hopper to the next stage of the process.

[0119] A second sieve plate 250 is assembled between the front and rear blind plates of the second lower cavity 220, and the filter surface of the first sieve plate 250 is flush with the inner surface of the blind plate. In one embodiment, the second sieve plate 250 has a U-shaped structure, including a vertical portion 251, an arc portion 252, and a horizontal portion 253. A sieve hole 254 is machined in the middle of the horizontal portion 253, and the sieve hole 254 is arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching cavity. Arc portions 252 are respectively provided on both sides of the horizontal portion 253. A sieve hole 254 is machined in the middle of the arc portion 252, and the sieve hole 254 is arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching cavity. The horizontal portion 253 and the arc portion 252 form a screening section. A vertical portion 251 is provided on the arc portion 252, and the end of the vertical portion 251 is bent at 90° to form an overlapping portion 255, which is used for assembly with the second lower cavity 220.

[0120] The horizontal part 253 and the left and right vertical parts 251 are connected by the arc part 252. In one embodiment, the arc part 252 is tangent to the vertical part 251 and the horizontal part 253. The axis of the arc part 252 is coaxial with the axis of the corresponding conveying shaft (second driving shaft or second driven shaft).

[0121] The second conveying assembly has a certain gap with the second leaching chamber and the surface of the second screen plate, which avoids wear on the screen surface during operation, fully protects the screen surface, and extends the service life of the screen plate.

[0122] The second oil collecting hopper assembly 260 includes an oil collecting hopper 261. In one embodiment, a baffle plate 262 is provided in the oil collecting hopper 261. The baffle plate 262 divides the oil collecting hopper 261 into two hoppers, and the mixed oil between the two hoppers can be self-overflowing.

[0123] In one embodiment, an oil collecting hopper assembly 261 is installed on the lower part of each second leaching chamber, i.e., on the second lower chamber 220. Each oil collecting hopper assembly 2 is divided into two hoppers by a central baffle plate 2. The hoppers of the second oil collecting hopper assembly are connected to the second spray assembly via a second pipe. The second spray assembly consists of a spray head directly above it and adjacent spray heads moving in the opposite direction to the oil flow, forming a pre-spray system. The oil collecting hopper contains the mixed oil filtered through the second screen plate. Since the pre-spray hoppers correspond to their respective lower oil collecting hoppers, a concentration gradient of the mixed oil is formed within each hopper. The second spray assembly 270 on each second leaching chamber is connected to the corresponding oil collecting hopper assembly 2 via a pipe. A delivery pump is installed on the pipe to form a circulating spray structure. The segmented leaching chamber, along with its corresponding lower oil collecting hopper assembly and upper spray assembly, enables pre-spray leaching, which better meets the requirements of the leaching process and improves leaching performance.

[0124] The lower part of the first and second leaching chambers consists of multiple leaching stages. In the middle of the lower part of each leaching chamber, there is a baffle plate in the middle of the oil collection hopper assembly. Each baffle plate divides the oil collection hopper into two hoppers. Each hopper and the circulating spray device in the upper chamber form a leaching stage. The upper and lower stacked leaching units are arranged in this direction from back to front, from top to bottom, and then from front to back. The last hopper section at the bottom of the stacked leaching unit is the draining section. A discharge hopper is installed after the draining section.

[0125] The power mechanism 400 includes a motor 401, a reduction gearbox 402, an output shaft 403, a sprocket and chain drive box 407, a first gearbox 408, and a second gearbox 409.

[0126] A motor 401, a reduction gearbox 402, and a first gearbox 408 are mounted on the first lower cavity 120. The output shaft of the motor 401 is connected to the input shaft of the reduction gearbox 402, and the output shaft 403 of the reduction gearbox 402 is connected to the first drive shaft 131. The first drive gear 137 and the first driven gear 147 are housed inside the first gearbox 408.

[0127] A sprocket and chain drive mechanism, including a drive sprocket 404, a chain 405, and a driven sprocket 406, is installed inside the sprocket and chain drive housing 407. The drive sprocket 404 is mounted on the first driven shaft 231 at the front end of the fifth bearing 145. The driven sprocket 406 is mounted on the second driven shaft 241 at the front end of the eighth bearing 235. The chain 405 is mounted on the drive sprocket 404 and the driven sprocket 406.

[0128] The second gearbox 409 is mounted on the second lower cavity 220, and the second driving gear 237 and the second driven gear 247 are placed inside the second gearbox 409.

[0129] The first drive shaft of the first active conveyor of the first conveying assembly is connected to the output shaft of the power mechanism. A sprocket, i.e., the drive sprocket, is installed at the front end of the first driven shaft of the first conveying assembly. The front end of the second drive shaft of the second conveying assembly is equipped with the same sprocket as the first driven shaft of the first conveying assembly, i.e., the driven sprocket. The upper and lower sprockets are connected by a chain. The transmission of the upper and lower first and second conveying assemblies uses only one set of chain drive, which is simple in structure, has high mechanical transmission efficiency, and is easy to maintain.

[0130] The upper and lower leaching sections of the stacked leaching unit are driven by chains. The front end of the second active conveying assembly on the left side of the lower leaching section is equipped with the same sprocket as the upper leaching section, i.e., the driven sprocket. The driven sprocket is directly below the active sprocket, with its upper and lower ends aligned. The second active shaft on the left side of the lower leaching section is located directly below the first driven shaft on the left side of the upper leaching section, and the second driven shaft on the right side of the lower leaching section is located directly below the first active shaft on the right side of the upper leaching section.

[0131] A power source motor is input, and the power source motor is installed at the front end of the leaching section on the stacked leaching tank. The power source output is connected to the first active conveying component. The first active conveying component and the first driven conveying component are driven by gears. The first driven conveying component and the second active conveying component are driven by sprockets and chains. The second active conveying component and the second driven conveying component of the lower conveyor are also driven by gears. One input drives multiple shafts to rotate, which saves energy. The mechanical transmission structure is simple, easy to inspect and repair, has low maintenance costs, and greatly reduces labor intensity.

[0132] This invention relates to a stacked leaching device, comprising an upper leaching section and a lower leaching section. Each leaching section includes leaching chambers (upper and lower), a conveying assembly, a spraying assembly, an oil collecting hopper assembly, and a power mechanism. The first and second leaching chambers of the upper and lower leaching sections are shaped like half a running track, with vertical flat plates on both sides. The lower arc section of the flat plates and the bottom of the chamber form the first and second sieve plate structures. The upper leaching section consists of several leaching chamber segments, while the lower leaching section consists of leaching chamber segments and a draining chamber segment. The draining chamber is located at the end of the lower leaching section, where the soaked oil is finally drained. The upper chamber of the draining chamber is equipped with a fresh solvent spraying assembly, and the lower part of the draining chamber has a draining chamber that can be connected to external forced draining equipment to improve the draining effect.

[0133] The oil level inside the leaching chamber is a distance below the circulating spray device. After the first stage of leaching, the oil is pushed by conveyor blades to the second stage, third stage, and so on. Upon reaching the outlet of the upper leaching section, the oil automatically falls into the chute between the upper and lower leaching sections, eventually reaching the second leaching chamber. A pusher claw at the outlet at the very front of the first leaching chamber disperses the oil as it falls. Simultaneously, the bottom oil collection hoppers of the upper and lower leaching sections store the mixed oil filtered from the sieve plate. After pre-spray leaching, each hopper, arranged in a series of interconnected hoppers, stores a mixed oil of varying concentrations. Within each leaching chamber section, the oil is constantly being tumbled, propelled, and combined in a repetitive motion. The pusher claws and conveyor blades on the two shafts of the conveying assembly are arranged in a staggered pattern, and the shafts rotate at the same speed, ensuring that the components do not interfere with each other during rotation. The stacked leaching apparatus of this invention can achieve better leaching results, enabling more thorough contact between the oil and the solvent, resulting in high leaching uniformity, high leaching efficiency, and stable leaching results.

[0134] The stacked leaching process is implemented using any of the stacked leaching apparatuses mentioned above, specifically as follows:

[0135] Oil enters the first leaching chamber through the inlet of the upper leaching section. Under the action of the first conveying component, the oil moves towards the outlet of the first leaching chamber. At the same time, the first spraying component sprays solvent into the first leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the first oil collecting hopper component through the first screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the first oil collecting hopper component is connected to the first spraying component through a pipeline to achieve circulating spraying.

[0136] Oil from the outlet of the first leaching chamber enters the second leaching chamber of the lower leaching section through a pipe. Under the action of the second conveying component, the oil moves towards the outlet of the second leaching chamber. At the same time, the second spraying component sprays solvent into the second leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the second oil collecting hopper component through the second screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the second oil collecting hopper component is transported through a pipe to the second spraying component to achieve circulating spraying.

Claims

1. A stacked leaching tank, characterized in that, include: The upper leaching section includes: A first leaching chamber is provided inside the first leaching chamber. The first conveying assembly includes a first active conveyor and a first passive conveyor arranged in parallel. The first active conveyor is formed by connecting two or more active conveyor sections. The first passive conveyor is formed by connecting two or more passive conveyor sections. Several pusher claws are installed at both ends of the shafts of the active and passive conveyor sections. Several continuous conveying blades are installed in the middle of the shafts of the active and passive conveyor sections. A U-shaped first sieve plate is provided at the bottom of the first leaching chamber; A first spray assembly is located above the first leaching chamber and is used to provide solvent to the first leaching chamber; The first oil collection hopper assembly is located below the first screen plate, and the first oil collection hopper assembly is connected to the first spray assembly via a pipeline and a delivery pump; The first conveying component cooperates with the first screen plate. When the first conveying component rotates, the oil is continuously turned over, pushed forward and combined. The solid oil is loosened. When the oil is sprayed forward, the turned oil comes into more full contact with the solvent and the grease is displaced. The lower leaching section includes: The second leaching chamber is connected to the first leaching chamber via a chute. A second conveying assembly is installed within the second leaching chamber. This assembly includes a second active conveyor and a second driven conveyor arranged in parallel. The second active conveyor is composed of two or more active conveyor sections connected together, and the second driven conveyor is composed of two or more driven conveyor sections connected together. Several pusher claws are installed at both ends of the shafts of both the active and driven conveyor sections, and several continuous conveying blades are installed in the middle of the shafts of both sections. A U-shaped second sieve plate is installed at the bottom of the second leaching chamber. The material movement directions within the second and first leaching chambers are opposite. The second spray assembly is located above the second leaching chamber and is used to provide solvent to the second leaching chamber; The second oil collection hopper assembly is located below the second screen plate, and the second oil collection hopper assembly is connected to the second spray assembly via a pipeline and a delivery pump; The second conveying component cooperates with the second screen plate. When the second conveying component rotates, the oil is continuously turned over, pushed forward and combined. The solid oil is loosened. When the oil is sprayed forward, the turned oil comes into more full contact with the solvent and the grease is displaced. The power mechanism drives the first conveying component and the second conveying component. Both the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate are U-shaped structures, including a horizontal part, an arc part, and a vertical part. The two sides of the horizontal part are respectively connected to the corresponding vertical part via the corresponding arc part. The horizontal part and the arc part are provided with sieve holes to form a sieving part. The sieve holes are arranged along the length direction of the corresponding leaching chamber.

2. The stacked leaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying assembly includes a first active conveyor and a first driven conveyor arranged in parallel. Both the first active conveyor and the first driven conveyor include a first conveying shaft, and a first conveying blade and a first pushing claw disposed on the first conveying shaft; the first pushing claws are disposed on both sides of the first conveying blade.

3. The stacked leaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second conveying assembly includes a second active conveyor and a second driven conveyor arranged in parallel; the second active conveyor is connected to the power mechanism via a transmission mechanism. Both the second active conveyor and the second driven conveyor include a second conveying shaft, and a second conveying blade and a second pusher claw disposed on the second conveying shaft; the second pusher claws are disposed on both sides of the second conveying blade.

4. The stacked leaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc portion is tangent to the vertical portion; the arc portion is tangent to the horizontal portion; the axis of the arc portion is coaxial with the axis of the corresponding conveying component.

5. The stacked leaching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power mechanism includes a drive component, a first gear transmission mechanism, a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism, and a second gear transmission mechanism; The output shaft of the drive component is connected to the first active conveyor component; The first active conveyor is connected to the first driven conveyor via the first gear transmission mechanism; The first driven conveyor is connected to the second active conveyor assembly via the sprocket and chain drive mechanism; The second active conveyor is connected to the second driven conveyor via the second gear transmission mechanism.

6. The stacked leaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first leaching chamber is formed by connecting several first leaching sections in sequence; each first leaching section is provided with a first spray assembly and a first oil collecting hopper assembly; the mixed oil in adjacent first oil collecting hopper assemblies can overflow by itself. The second leaching chamber is formed by connecting several second leaching sections in sequence. Each second leaching section is equipped with a second spray assembly and a second oil collection hopper assembly. The mixed oil in adjacent second oil collection hopper assemblies can overflow by itself.

7. The stacked leaching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first active conveyor and the first driven conveyor are composed of two or more sections connected together. The first conveyor shafts of adjacent sections are connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported by a suspension assembly. The second active conveyor and the second passive conveyor are composed of two or more sections connected together. The second conveyor shafts of adjacent sections are connected by concave and convex shaft heads and supported by a suspension assembly.

8. The stacked leaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first oil collecting hopper assembly and the second oil collecting hopper assembly include an oil collecting hopper. Several baffles are provided inside the oil collecting hopper, and the baffles divide the oil collecting hopper into two or more hopper bodies. The mixed oil between adjacent hopper bodies can achieve self-overflow.

9. The stacked leaching device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The buckets formed by several first oil collecting hopper assemblies or second oil collecting hopper assemblies are interconnected, and each bucket is arranged from high to low or from low to high along the direction of oil movement to achieve self-overflow of mixed oil.

10. The stacked leaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second leaching chamber also includes a draining section located at the discharge end of the second leaching chamber.

11. A stacked leaching process, characterized by: This is achieved using the stacked leaching apparatus according to any one of claims 1-10, specifically as follows: Oil enters the first leaching chamber through the inlet of the upper leaching section. Under the action of the first conveying assembly, the oil moves towards the outlet of the first leaching chamber. Simultaneously, the first spraying assembly sprays solvent into the first leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the first oil collecting hopper assembly through the first screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the first oil collecting hopper assembly is transported through a pipeline to the first spraying assembly for circulating spraying. Oil from the outlet of the first leaching chamber enters the second leaching chamber of the lower leaching section through a pipe. Under the action of the second conveying assembly, the oil moves towards the outlet of the second leaching chamber. Simultaneously, the second spraying assembly sprays solvent into the second leaching chamber to achieve oil leaching. The leached mixed oil enters the second oil collecting hopper assembly through the second screen plate. Under the action of the conveying pump, the mixed oil in the second oil collecting hopper assembly passes through a pipe to the second spraying assembly to achieve circulating spraying.

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