A high-precision and easy-to-maintain vertical rotary mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism, a core shaft is fixed on a base between the base and a rotary shaft and a stepped shaft is arranged on the top of the core shaft, a rotary disc is arranged outside the stepped shaft, a rolling supporting assembly is coaxial with the core shaft, a lower supporting bearing is arranged between a stepped surface of the stepped shaft and a bottom surface of the rotary disc, a centering bearing is arranged between an outer surface of the stepped shaft and an inner hole of the rotary disc, an upper supporting bearing is attached to a top surface of the rotary disc, an adjusting gland is attached to a top end of the upper supporting bearing and is fixed with the core shaft through an adjusting screw, and the rotary disc is fixed with the rotary shaft through a connecting screw.The upper and lower supporting bearings and the interference-fitted centering bearing are arranged between the rotary disc and the core shaft of the base, the adjusting gland is arranged on the base to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the upper and lower supporting bearings, the rigidity and precision of the rotary mechanism are improved, the screw connection between the rotary disc and the rotary shaft facilitates mutual separation and internal maintenance, and the whole has the characteristics of compact structure, low cost, good rigidity, high precision and convenient maintenance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical control equipment, in particular to a vertical rotary mechanism with compact structure, low cost, good rigidity, high precision and convenient maintenance. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rotary mechanism is a mechanism for realizing the rotary motion of a mechanical rotary part around its rotary center line, which is usually composed of a rotary supporting device and a rotary driving device. The rotary supporting device is used to connect the rotary part and the non-rotary part, and to provide the required constraints for the rotary motion to ensure that the rotary part has a certain motion, while providing a stable support for the rotary part to bear the vertical load, horizontal load and overturning moment from the rotary part. The rotary driving device is used to drive the rotary part to realize the rotary motion relative to the non-rotary part. The rotary mechanism is relatively common, such as the support turntable of engineering machinery and the rotary table for cutting machinery, etc. Among them, the support turntable of engineering machinery mainly emphasizes its carrying capacity and adaptability to harsh environments, while the rotary table for cutting machinery mainly emphasizes its rotary precision and other indicators. For example, the numerical control rotary table is a relatively typical high-precision rotary mechanism, which has two main functions: one is to realize the feed indexing motion of the table, i.e. the table with a workpiece rotates in a circular direction for indexing when not cutting; the other is to realize the feed motion of the table in the circular direction, i.e. the table is linked with X, Y and Z coordinate axes to process complex space curves when cutting.

[0003] At present, the table guide rail surface of the high-precision rotary mechanism such as the numerical control rotary table is generally supported by a large thrust bearing, and the rotary precision and positioning precision are ensured by a large conical roller bearing and a double-row cylindrical roller bearing. The radial clearance of the mandrel is eliminated by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, and the guide rail has a certain contact stiffness by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting sleeve of the conical roller bearing. Although the above-mentioned structure is relatively mature and can meet the basic requirements, the cost of large bearings is relatively high and the space occupied is relatively large, and the contact stiffness adjustment needs to further process the thickness of the adjusting sleeve to meet the requirements, resulting in a relatively complicated adjustment process of the rotary part and a relatively complex connection structure. In addition, the existing numerical control rotary table is connected through complex connection structures such as rolling bearings and worm gears, which not only has a complex connection structure, but also needs to remove the connecting parts of the rotary table, worm gear and rolling bearing respectively when overhauling and adjusting the bearings and worm gears under the rotary table, making the overhauling and adjusting process more difficult, and the reconnection will also affect the center alignment of the worm gear-worm and the matching precision of the bearings.

[0004] In addition, for high-precision rotary mechanisms such as numerical control rotary tables, the rotary shafts should be reliably positioned and locked during workpiece machining. At present, the rotary shaft positioning and locking methods include axial locking and radial locking. Radial locking is generally achieved by arranging multiple pairs of clamping tiles on the worm or the core shaft of the rotary mechanism, and by pushing the clamping tiles to be clamped or released by the same number of small hydraulic cylinders arranged on the base to achieve the locking of the rotary shaft. Axial locking is generally achieved by arranging friction plates on the base or the core shaft of the rotary mechanism, and by arranging a working oil cavity and a slidable brake disc on the base to push the friction plates to abut against the rotary shaft, or by arranging a brake disc to abut against the friction plates on the rotary shaft, so as to achieve the locking of the rotary shaft. However, the existing radial locking mechanism has small clamping torque, has rotary inertia, and is not suitable for rotary shafts with large rotary diameters. The elastically deformable friction plates used in the axial locking mechanism have the problems of difficult processing and high price. In addition, after the oil cylinder is released, due to the structural limitation of the upper friction plate, the brake disc can only rely on its own gravity to fall to release the friction plate, which can easily cause the brake disc to tilt and jam during the falling process due to the rotation of the rotary shaft and cutting vibration. Not only can the tilted brake disc easily form local friction with the friction plate to affect the normal rotation of the rotary shaft, but also can easily cause the brake disc to lock during the next locking. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a vertical rotary mechanism with compact structure, low cost, good rigidity, high precision and convenient maintenance.

[0006] The present application is implemented as follows: a base, a rotary shaft vertically arranged on the upper part of the base, a core shaft fixedly arranged on the base between the base and the rotary shaft, a top part of the core shaft being provided with a coaxial stepped shaft, a rotary disc coaxially arranged outside the stepped shaft of the core shaft, a rolling support assembly coaxial with the core shaft and comprising a lower supporting bearing, a centering bearing and an upper supporting bearing, the lower supporting bearing being arranged between the stepped surface of the stepped shaft and the bottom surface of the rotary disc in a top-to-bottom manner, the centering bearing being arranged in an interference fit between the outer cylindrical surface of the stepped shaft and the inner hole of the rotary disc, and the upper supporting bearing being arranged in a top-to-top manner on the top surface of the rotary disc, an adjusting gland being annular and arranged in a top-to-top manner on the top end of the upper supporting bearing and being fixedly connected with the core shaft through an adjusting screw, and the rotary disc being fixedly connected with the rotary shaft through a connecting screw.

[0007] The present application has the following advantages:

[0008] 1. The present application uses a plane bearing or a plane rolling assembly as the upper and lower supporting bearings, and uses a simple and reliable centripetal rolling assembly such as a centripetal needle roller assembly or a centripetal cylindrical roller assembly as a centering bearing. Not only is the cost lower than that of a combination of tapered roller bearings and double-row cylindrical roller bearings, but the space between the base and the rotating shaft can also be significantly saved, so that more internal components can be arranged conveniently, the overall load-carrying capacity and rigidity can be increased by increasing the size and wall thickness of the mandrel and the rotating disc, and the weight of the vertical rotary mechanism can be reduced by the same proportion.

[0009] 2. The present application sets the upper and lower supporting bearings as axial supports between the rotating disc and the mandrel on the base, and sets the adjusting gland connected by the adjusting screw on the mandrel. Adjusting the adjusting screw can simultaneously adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the upper and lower supporting bearings, so that the adjusting process is convenient and efficient, and the rigidity and precision of the vertical rotary mechanism can be improved. The centering bearing is set between the rotating disc and the mandrel by interference fit as a rotary positioning, so that the radial clearance of the rotating shaft can be eliminated, and the rotary precision and positioning precision of the rotary mechanism are ensured.

[0010] 3. The rotating disc and the rotating shaft of the present application are connected by connecting screws, so that the rotating shaft and the rotating disc can be conveniently separated by the connecting screws, so that the axial pre-tightening force can be adjusted and the internal other components can be maintained conveniently, and the separation process does not affect the cooperation of the bearing and the worm gear, so that the disassembly and reassembly of the rotating shaft will not affect the working precision.

[0011] 4. The present application further sets the worm gear in close fit on the outer circular surface of the boss I of the rotating disc and abuts against the bottom surface of the rotating disc. The center height difference between the worm gear and the worm can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the height of the outer circular surface of the boss I, which facilitates the meshing precision between the worm gear and the worm, and also reduces the meshing side clearance of the worm gear pair to a certain extent, so that the indexing positioning precision of the rotating shaft can be significantly improved. The zero position detection device of the turbine is set on the base, so that the zero position detection of the rotating disc under the semi-closed loop state or the incremental detection condition can be met, and the rotating shaft can be accurately stopped at the zero position with the grating ruler in the top through hole II of the rotating shaft.

[0012] 5、The present application particularly sets a rotary locking mechanism between the rotary disc outside the rolling supporting assembly and the base, through setting the elastic member with special structure and the corresponding matched friction ring, the hydraulic drive elastic member is deformed to extend and press the friction ring to deform, the friction force is generated between the friction surface of the base, so that the rotary disc is accurately and reliably locked; not only the deformation force generated by locking is transmitted through the three layers of structure of the elastic member, the friction ring and the friction surface, so the whole precision of the rotary disc is slightly affected by the deformation force, so the stability of the rotary disc locking is improved; and since the elastic member is deformed by hydraulic drive to lock, after the hydraulic pressure is removed, the elastic member and the friction ring can be automatically restored, so the possibility of local friction between the elastic member and the friction ring and the friction ring and the friction surface after loosening is avoided, and the problem of locking failure in the next locking is also avoided, so the reliability of the rotary locking mechanism is effectively improved.

[0013] 6、The present application particularly sets the oil pressure detection device connected with the oil circuit of the rotary locking mechanism on the base, the oil pressure applied on the elastic member can be detected at a close range, so that the locking abnormality caused by the oil circuit or valve blockage of the front oil supply system can be found in time, the production safety accident caused by locking failure can be effectively avoided, and the reliability of the vertical rotary mechanism is improved.

[0014] 7、The present application particularly sets the labyrinth sealing structure on the outer edge of the base and the rotary shaft connecting part, which can not only avoid the liquid entering the inside to affect the working of the locking mechanism and the precision of the rolling supporting assembly when the rotary shaft works, but also effectively condenses and stores the water vapor entering the labyrinth structure in the annular groove through the tortuous channel, so that the vertical rotary mechanism has excellent water and chip protection effect, effectively prolongs the maintenance cycle, and effectively simplifies the sealing structure.

[0015] 8、The present application is arranged by the special structure design of the rolling supporting assembly, the rotary disc and the rotary locking mechanism, in the case of significantly reducing the cost of the rolling supporting assembly, the axial pre-tightening force of the rolling supporting assembly can be conveniently adjusted, the space between the base and the rotary shaft can be occupied, so that the reliable rotary locking mechanism can be arranged without weakening the supporting rigidity of the rotary shaft, and the screw connection structure of the rotary disc and the rotary shaft is easily separated.

[0016] In summary, the present application has the characteristics of compact structure, low cost, good rigidity, high precision and convenient maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the zero position detection device of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the zero position detection device of the present application;Figure 1 Enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic view of the elastic member structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic view of the friction ring structure of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic view of the oil pressure detection device structure of the present application;

[0023] In the figure: 1 - base, 101 - friction surface, 102 - oil supply path, 103 - sealing boss, 104 - piston hole, 105 - annular groove, 2 - rotary shaft, 201 - boss II, 202 - countersunk hole, 203 - multi-edge hole, 204 - sealing lip, 205 - annular groove, 3 - mandrel, 301 - stepped shaft, 4 - rolling bearing assembly, 401 - lower bearing, 402 - centering bearing, 403 - upper bearing, 5 - adjusting gland, 6 - rotary disc, 601 - boss I, 602 - dimple, 7 - adjusting screw, 8 - connecting screw, 9 - worm wheel, 10 - worm, 11 - zero position detection device, 111 - bump block, 112 - switch base, 113 - inductive detection switch, 12 - sealing assembly, 121 - multi-edge base, 122 - sealing gland, 123 - screw I, 124 - rubber sealing ring, 13 - grating ruler, 14 - locking mounting plate, 15 - friction ring, 151 - connecting hole, 152 - thin oblique through slot, 16 - elastic member, 161 - locking portion, 162 - annular oil cavity, 163 - oil supply channel, 164 - elastic outer wall, 165 - connecting ring, 17 - piston rod, 18 - signal detection rod, 19 - T-shaped sleeve, 20 - cylindrical spring, 21 - mounting seat, 22 - signal detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 6As shown, the application comprises a base 1, a rotating shaft 2 vertically arranged on the upper part of the base 1, a mandrel 3 fixedly arranged on the base 1 between the base 1 and the rotating shaft 2, the top of the mandrel 3 being provided with a coaxial stepped shaft 301, a rotating disc 6 coaxially arranged outside the stepped shaft 301 of the mandrel 3, a rolling supporting assembly 4 coaxial with the mandrel 3 and comprising a lower supporting bearing 401, a centering bearing 402 and an upper supporting bearing 403, the lower supporting bearing 401 being arranged between the stepped surface of the stepped shaft 301 and the bottom surface of the rotating disc 6 in a top-to-bottom fit, the centering bearing 402 being arranged between the outer cylindrical surface of the stepped shaft 301 and the inner hole of the rotating disc 6 in an interference fit, the upper supporting bearing 403 being arranged on the top surface of the rotating disc 6 in a fit, the adjusting gland 5 being annular and arranged on the top end of the upper supporting bearing 403 in a fit and being fixedly connected with the mandrel 3 through an adjusting screw 7, and the rotating disc 6 being fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 2 through a connecting screw 8.

[0026] The height of the centering bearing 402 is less than the distance from the bottom end of the lower supporting bearing 401 to the top end of the upper supporting bearing 403; the bottom of the rotating disc 6 is further provided with a boss I 601, a worm wheel 9 is tightly fitted on the outer cylindrical surface of the boss I 601, the top surface of the worm wheel 9 abuts against the bottom surface of the rotating disc 6 on one side of the boss I 601, and the worm wheel 9 is engaged with a worm 10 arranged in the base 1.

[0027] The lower supporting bearing 401 and the upper supporting bearing 403 are plane rolling assemblies without inner and outer rings, the centering bearing 402 is a radial needle assembly without inner and outer rings, a radial cylindrical roller bearing without an outer ring or a radial cylindrical roller assembly without inner and outer rings.

[0028] The plane rolling assembly is a plane retainer assembly with rolling elements, the radial needle assembly is a retainer assembly with radial needles, and the radial cylindrical roller assembly is a retainer assembly with radial cylindrical rollers.

[0029] As shown, Figure 2 A zero position detection device 11 is arranged on the base 1, the zero position detection device 11 comprises a bump block 111, a switch seat 112 fixedly arranged on the base 1 and an inductive detection switch 113 fixedly arranged on the switch seat 112, one side of the bump block 111 is fixedly connected with the worm wheel 9 and the other side is provided with a protruding part parallel to the axis of the worm wheel 9, and the inductive head of the inductive detection switch 113 is vertically arranged outside the rotating surface of the protruding part of the bump block 111.

[0030] As shown, Figure 1 and 3As shown, the upper part of the rotary disc 6 is provided with a recess 602 outside the upper bearing surface of the upper support bearing 403, the bottom of the rotary shaft 2 is provided with a boss II 201, the inner hole of the boss II 201 of the rotary shaft 2 is tightly matched with the outer circular surface of the recess 602 of the rotary disc 6; the top of the rotary shaft 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of countersunk holes 202 penetrating the boss II 201, and the connecting screw 8 is arranged in the countersunk hole 202 and is threadedly connected with the screw hole on the recess 602.

[0031] The upper part of the countersunk hole 202 is further coaxially provided with a built-in multi-rib hole 203, the multi-rib hole 203 is provided with a sealing assembly 12, the sealing assembly 12 comprises a multi-rib base 121 slidingly connected with the multi-rib hole 203, a sealing gland 122 arranged above the multi-rib base 121, a screw hole I arranged in the middle of the multi-rib base 121, a through hole I arranged in the middle of the sealing gland 122 and a bevel arranged on the outer side of the bottom surface, the sealing gland 122 is fixedly connected with the multi-rib base 121 through the screw I 123 penetrating the through hole I and the screw hole I, a rubber sealing ring 124 is sleeved on the outer side close to the top end of the multi-rib base 121 and the bevel of the sealing gland 122, and the depth of the multi-rib hole 203 is less than the thickness of the multi-rib base 121.

[0032] The top of the rotary shaft 2 is coaxially provided with a through hole II, and the through hole II is provided with a grating ruler 13.

[0033] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and 4 The rotary locking mechanism further comprises a locking mounting plate 14, a friction ring 15 and an elastic member 16, the base 1 is provided with a friction surface 101, the locking mounting plate 14 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the upper part of the rotary disc 6, the friction ring 15 is a deformable elastic ring and has a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the locking mounting plate 14, the friction ring 15 is coaxially fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate 14 and extends outwardly above the friction surface 101, the elastic member 16 is annular and fixedly arranged on the outer side of the friction surface 101 of the base 1, the elastic member 16 is provided with a locking portion 161 extending downwardly above the friction surface 101 and abutting against the top surface of the locking mounting plate 14, the outer circular surface of the locking portion 161 is provided with an annular oil cavity 162, the elastic member 16 is further provided with an oil supply channel 163 having one end communicated with the annular oil cavity 162 and the other end opened on the connecting surface of the base 1, the outer circular surface of the locking portion 161 is slidingly attached to the inner wall of the base 1 above the friction surface 101, and the base 1 is provided with an oil supply oil way 102 communicated with the oil inlet of the oil supply channel 163.

[0034] As shown in the drawings, Figure 5As shown, the friction ring 15 is coaxially provided with inner and outer rows of connecting holes 151 near the inner side, and a plurality of fine inclined through grooves 152 are uniformly distributed coaxially outside the outer row of connecting holes 151. The inner row of connecting holes 151 of the friction ring 15 is fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate 14 and the rotary disc 6 through screws II, and the outer row of connecting holes 151 of the friction ring 15 is fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate 14 through screws III.

[0035] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The locking portion 161 is provided with an elastic outer wall 164 in C-shaped or inverted S-shaped structure outside the annular oil cavity 162. The upper outer side of the elastic member 16 is provided with a connecting ring 165 connected with the base 1. The connecting ring 165 is fixedly connected with the base 1 through screws IV.

[0036] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The bottom end of the rotary shaft 2 is provided with a sealing lip 204 extending downward. The bottom end of the rotary shaft 2 is further provided with at least one annular groove 205 inside the sealing lip 204. The top end of the base 1 is provided with a sealing boss 103 extending upward into the sealing lip 204. The outer cylindrical surface of the sealing boss 103 is in clearance fit with the inner side surface of the sealing lip 204, and the top surface of the sealing boss 103 is in clearance fit with the bottom end of the base 1 and the annular groove 205 to form a labyrinth seal structure.

[0037] The top end of the base 1 is further provided with an annular groove 105 between the connecting surface of the elastic member 16 and the sealing boss 103.

[0038] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The base 1 is further provided with an oil pressure detection device. The oil pressure detection device includes a piston rod 17, a signal detection rod 18, a T-shaped sleeve 19, a cylindrical spring 20, a mounting seat 21, and a signal detection device 22. The base 1 is provided with a piston hole 104 having one end in communication with the oil supply oil way 102. The piston rod 17 is slidingly arranged in the piston hole 104 and extends outward from the end away from the oil supply oil way 102. The T-shaped sleeve 19 is slidingly sleeved on the piston rod 17 and fixedly connected with the base 1 at the outer edge. The signal detection rod 18 has a diameter greater than the inner diameter of the T-shaped sleeve 19 and is fixedly connected with the piston rod 17 at one end. The cylindrical spring 20 is sleeved between the end surface of the piston rod 17 and the T-shaped sleeve 19 in the piston hole 104. The mounting seat 21 is fixedly arranged on the base 1 at one side of the piston hole 104. The signal detection device 22 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 21 at the rear side of the signal detection rod 18 and is in clearance fit with the signal detection rod 18.

[0039] The worm 10 is a double-pitch gradually thickening worm. The double-pitch gradually thickening worm can be conveniently adjusted to the minimum meshing clearance, thereby meeting the working conditions of continuously precise indexing mechanisms (such as gear processing machine tools, rotary worktables, etc.) and transmission mechanisms that are subjected to torsion caused by pulsating loads (such as intermittent milling).

[0040] Working principle and process of this invention:

[0041] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, during installation or adjustment, first place the lower support bearing 401 on the stepped surface of the stepped shaft 301, then fit the centering bearing 402 with an interference fit on the outer circular surface of the stepped shaft 301. Next, adjust the inner hole size of the rotary table 6 according to the outer diameter of the centering bearing 402. After adjustment, fit the worm gear 9 tightly on the outer circular surface of the boss I 601 and abut it against the bottom surface. Then, fit the rotary table 6 with an interference fit on the centering bearing 402 and press the lower support bearing 401. Then, place the upper support bearing 403 on the top surface of the rotary table 6, cover it with the adjusting cover 5 and fix it to the spindle 3 with the adjusting screw 7. Adjust the adjusting screw 7 so that the adjusting cover 5 can simultaneously adjust the axial preload of the upper and lower support bearings 401 and 403. Simultaneously, the friction ring 15 is fixedly connected to the locking mounting plate 14 and the rotary disk 6 by screw II through the inner ring connecting hole 151, and also fixedly connected to the locking mounting plate 14 by screw II through the outer ring connecting hole 151. Next, the connecting ring 165 of the elastic element 16 is fixedly connected to the base 1 by screw IV, and the bottom of the locking part 161 of the elastic element 16 abuts against the upper surface of the friction ring 15 above the friction surface 101. At the same time, the zero-position detection device 11 is installed on one side of the worm gear 9, and the oil pressure detection device is set on the base 1, completing the installation of the internal components of the base 1. Then, the rotary shaft 2 is covered on the base and fixedly connected to the rotary disk 6 by connecting screw 8. Finally, the sealing assembly 12 is placed in the polygonal hole 203, and the rubber sealing ring 124 is deformed and expanded outward by tightening screw I 123 to press against the hole wall to achieve a seal, completing the assembly of the entire vertical rotary mechanism. The disassembly process is the reverse.

[0042] During operation, the power source drives the rotary table 6 to rotate the rotary shaft 2 through the meshing of the worm gear 10 and the worm wheel 9. When the rotary shaft 2 needs to be locked, hydraulic oil is supplied through the oil supply passage 102 in the base 1 and the oil supply channel 163 into the annular oil chamber 162. The pressure of the hydraulic oil expands the annular oil chamber 162, causing the lower part of the locking part 161 to move downward. The pressure deforms the outer edge of the friction ring 15 and presses it against the friction surface 101 to generate friction, thereby enabling the rotary table 6 to lock accurately and reliably. When it is necessary to loosen, the pressure on the hydraulic oil is removed, and the elastic element 16 and the friction ring 15 automatically return to their initial state, causing the friction ring 15 to disengage from the friction surface 101. At this time, the rotary table 6 can rotate freely under the drive of the power source.

[0043] The above description is only preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision and easy-to-maintain vertical rotary mechanism, comprising a base (1), a rotary shaft (2) vertically arranged on the upper part of the base (1); characterized in that Also include the mandrel (3), rolling support assembly (4), adjusting gland (5), rotary disc (6), the mandrel (3) is fixedly arranged on the base (1) between the base (1) and the rotary shaft (2), the top of the mandrel (3) is provided with coaxial stepped shaft (301), the rotary disc (6) is coaxially arranged outside the stepped shaft (301) of the mandrel (3), the rolling support assembly (4) is coaxial with the mandrel (3) and includes lower support bearing (401), centering bearing (402), upper support bearing (403), the lower support bearing (401) is arranged between the stepped surface of the stepped shaft (301) and the bottom surface of the rotary disc (6) in the form of upper and lower adhesion, the centering bearing (402) is arranged between the outer cylindrical surface of the stepped shaft (301) and the inner hole of the rotary disc (6) in the form of interference fit, the upper support bearing (403) is arranged on the top surface of the rotary disc (6) in the form of adhesion, the adjusting gland (5) is annular and is arranged on the top end of the upper support bearing (403) in the form of adhesion and is fixedly connected with the mandrel (3) through the adjusting screw (7), the rotary disc (6) is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft (2) through the connecting screw (8); The high-precision and easy-to-maintain vertical rotary mechanism, characterized by further comprising a rotary locking mechanism, the rotary locking mechanism comprising a locking mounting plate (14), a friction ring (15) and an elastic member (16), the base (1) is provided with a friction surface (101), the locking mounting plate (14) is coaxially fixedly arranged on the upper part of the rotary disc (6), the friction ring (15) is a deformable elastic ring with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the locking mounting plate (14), the friction ring (15) is coaxially fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate (14) and extends outwardly above the friction surface (101); the elastic member (16) is annular in structure and is fixedly arranged on the base (1) outside the friction surface (101), the elastic member (16) is provided with a locking portion (161) extending downwardly above the friction surface (101) and abutting against the top surface of the locking mounting plate (14), the outer cylindrical surface of the locking portion (161) is provided with an annular oil cavity (162), the elastic member (16) is further provided with an oil supply channel (163) having one end communicating with the annular oil cavity (162) and the other end opening on the connecting surface of the base (1), the outer cylindrical surface of the locking portion (161) is slidingly attached to the inner wall of the base (1) above the friction surface (101), the base (1) is provided with an oil supply oil passage (102) communicating with the oil inlet of the oil supply channel (163); The high-precision and easy-to-maintain vertical rotary mechanism, characterized in that the elastic member (16) is provided with a C-shaped or inverted S-shaped elastic outer wall (164) outside the annular oil cavity (162), the upper part of the elastic member (16) is provided with a connecting ring (165) connected with the base (1), and the connecting ring (165) is fixedly connected with the base (1) through the screw IV.

2. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the centering bearing (402) is less than the distance from the bottom end of the lower supporting bearing (401) to the top end of the upper supporting bearing (403); the bottom of the slewing disc (6) is further provided with a boss I (601), a worm wheel (9) is tightly fitted on the outer circular surface of the boss I (601), the top surface of the worm wheel (9) abuts against the bottom surface of the slewing disc (6) on one side of the boss I (601), and the worm wheel (9) is engaged with a worm (10) arranged in the base (1).

3. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that A zero position detection device (11) is arranged on the base (1), the zero position detection device (11) comprises a bump block (111), a switch seat (112) fixedly arranged on the base (1), and an inductive detection switch (113) fixedly arranged on the switch seat (112), one side of the bump block (111) is fixedly connected with the worm wheel (9) and the other side is provided with a protruding part parallel to the axis of the worm wheel (9), and the inductive head of the inductive detection switch (113) is vertically arranged on the outside of the rotation surface of the protruding part of the bump block (111).

4. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper part of the slewing disc (6) is provided with a recess (602) on the outside of the outer side of the bonding surface of the upper supporting bearing (403), the bottom of the slewing shaft (2) is provided with a boss II (201), the inner hole of the boss II (201) of the slewing shaft (2) is tightly fitted with the outer circular surface of the recess (602) of the slewing disc (6), and the top of the slewing shaft (2) is uniformly provided with a plurality of countersunk holes (202) penetrating through the boss II (201), the connecting screw (8) is arranged in the countersunk hole (202) and is threadedly connected with the screw hole on the recess (602).

5. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that The upper part of the countersunk hole (202) is further coaxially provided with a built-in multi-rib hole (203), the multi-rib hole (203) is provided with a sealing assembly (12), the sealing assembly (12) comprises a multi-rib base (121) slidably connected with the multi-rib hole (203) and a sealing gland (122) arranged above the multi-rib base (121), the multi-rib base (121) is provided with a screw hole I in the middle, the sealing gland (122) is provided with a through hole I in the middle and a slope on the bottom surface, the sealing gland (122) is fixedly connected with the multi-rib base (121) through a screw I (123) penetrating through the through hole I and the screw hole I, a rubber sealing ring (124) is arranged on the outer side of the slope between the top end of the multi-rib base (121) and the slope of the sealing gland (122), and the depth of the multi-rib hole (203) is less than the thickness of the multi-rib base (121).

6. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The friction ring (15) is coaxially provided with inner and outer two circles of connecting holes (151) on the inner side and is uniformly provided with a plurality of fine inclined through grooves (152) on the outer side of the outer circle of connecting holes (151), each connecting hole (151) of the inner circle of the friction ring (15) is fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate (14) and the slewing disc (6) through a screw II, and each connecting hole (151) of the outer circle of the friction ring (15) is fixedly connected with the locking mounting plate (14) through a screw III.

7. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom end of the rotary shaft (2) is provided with a downward extending sealing lip (204), and the bottom end of the rotary shaft (2) is further provided with at least one annular groove (205) in the inner side of the sealing lip (204), the top end of the base (1) is provided with a sealing boss (103) extending upward into the sealing lip (204), the outer circular surface of the sealing boss (103) is in clearance fit with the inner side surface of the sealing lip (204), and the top surface of the sealing boss (103) is in clearance fit with the bottom end of the base (1) and the annular groove (205) to form a labyrinth seal structure.

8. The high-precision and easy-maintenance vertical rotary mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The base (1) is further provided with an oil pressure detection device, which comprises a piston rod (17), a signal detection rod (18), a T-shaped sleeve (19), a cylindrical spring (20), a mounting seat (21), and a signal detection device (22). The base (1) is provided with a piston hole (104) in communication with the oil supply oil way (102) at one end. The piston rod (17) is slidingly arranged in the piston hole (104) and extends outward from the end away from the oil supply oil way (102). The T-shaped sleeve (19) is slidingly arranged on the piston rod (17) and is fixedly connected with the base (1) at the outer edge. The signal detection rod (18) has a diameter greater than the inner diameter of the T-shaped sleeve (19) and is fixedly connected with the piston rod (17) at one end. The cylindrical spring (20) is arranged between the piston rod (17) and the T-shaped sleeve (19) end face in the piston hole (104). The mounting seat (21) is fixedly arranged on the base (1) on one side of the piston hole (104). The signal detection device (22) is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat (21) on the rear side of the signal detection rod (18) and is in clearance fit with the signal detection rod (18).

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