Plastic particle separation apparatus based on dielectric barrier discharge and tribocharging

Abstract

This invention discloses a plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging. In this invention, a screw feeding mechanism feeds the plastic particles into a vibrating feeder, which vibrates the particles before feeding them into a dielectric barrier discharge system. The dielectric barrier discharge system modifies the surface of the plastic particles. A discharge funnel I conveys the plastic particles from the dielectric barrier discharge system to a triboelectric charging device, which charges the plastic particles after the dielectric barrier discharge system, giving them positive and negative charges. A two-stage high-voltage electric field separation system, consisting of a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber, performs two separations of the charged plastic particles in a high-voltage electric field. A collection box collects the separated plastic particles. This invention has the advantages of high separation efficiency and no pollution, and is suitable for plastic particle sorting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging, belonging to the field of plastic recycling technology. Background Technology

[0002] Polymers and their composites are widely used in automobiles for bodywork, windows, interior parts, exterior parts, and structural components due to their ease of molding, convenient processing, good chemical resistance, weather resistance, and insulation. Furthermore, the impact resistance of polymers per unit mass is comparable to that of metals. The continued growth in automobile ownership and the extensive use of plastics in automobile manufacturing will inevitably lead to a significant increase in the number of end-of-life vehicles and the amount of polymers derived from them.

[0003] Plastics are derived from non-renewable petroleum. Failure to recycle plastics from end-of-life vehicles results in enormous resource waste and environmental pollution. Currently, my country primarily processes end-of-life vehicle plastics through energy recovery, waste disposal, and low-end applications. Incinerating plastics releases toxic and harmful gases, causing air pollution. Landfilled plastics are difficult to degrade and pollute the landfill soil and its water resources, posing incalculable risks. The plastics used in automobiles have complex compositions, primarily including polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PU), and polyethylene (PE). During the dismantling and processing of end-of-life vehicle plastics, plastic parts are typically crushed into a mixture of two or more types of plastic particles, making recycling difficult and limiting their use to low-end recycled products. The biggest challenge in recycling end-of-life vehicle plastics lies in the effective separation of the mixed plastics. If scrapped automotive plastics can be effectively sorted using relevant separation technologies to obtain high-purity single plastic products, the recycling value of plastics will be significantly increased, non-renewable resources will be conserved, and environmental pollution will be reduced. Therefore, developing a separation device for waste plastics is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging. The device modifies the surface of plastic particles using dielectric barrier discharge technology to improve their charging performance. It also provides a spiral-shaped triboelectric charging device for plastic particles, enabling continuous feeding. For different plastics, the device can be charged by adjusting the rotation speed and charging time of the spiral tube. Simultaneously, a stacked two-stage high-voltage electric field is used for two-stage separation and screening, allowing for the simultaneous separation of mixtures of two or more plastic particles. This is particularly useful for separating mixed plastic particles generated from the crushing of end-of-life passenger vehicles, such as PA / PP / PE and PA / PU / ABS, thereby improving plastic separation efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging, comprising a frame, a screw feeding mechanism 1, a vibrating feeder 2, a dielectric barrier discharge system 3, a discharge hopper I 4, a triboelectric charging device 7, a discharge hopper II 9, a primary sorting bin 11, a secondary sorting bin 12, and a collection box 13; the screw feeding mechanism 1, the vibrating feeder 2, the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, the discharge hopper I 4, the triboelectric charging device 7, the discharge hopper II 9, the primary sorting bin 11, the secondary sorting bin 12, and the collection box 13 mounted on the frame are sequentially connected; the screw feeding mechanism 1 is used to feed the plastic particles into... Vibrating feeder 2 is used to vibrate plastic granules and feed them into dielectric barrier discharge system 3. Dielectric barrier discharge system 3 is used to modify the surface of plastic granules. Feeding funnel I 4 is used to send the plastic granules conveyed by dielectric barrier discharge system 3 to triboelectric charging device 7. Triboelectric charging device 7 is used to charge the plastic granules after discharge treatment by dielectric barrier discharge system 3 so that they carry positive and negative charges. A two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system consisting of primary sorting bin 11 and secondary sorting bin 12 is used to separate the charged plastic granules twice in a high-voltage electric field. Collection box 13 is used to collect the separated plastic granules.

[0006] The spiral feeding mechanism 1 includes a feed inlet 101, a base 102, a housing 103, a discharge outlet 104, a motor I 105, a reducer 106, a chain 107, a sprocket 108, and spiral blades 109. The feed inlet 101 is connected to the housing 103, and the housing 103 is mounted on the base 102. The motor I 105 transmits power to the spiral blades 109 through the reducer 106, the chain 107, and the sprocket 108, causing the spiral blades 109 to rotate and thus achieve the feeding function.

[0007] The vibrating feeder 2 vibrates through the vibrator 203, which causes the excitation spring 204 to vibrate, thereby causing the vibrating feed hopper 205 to vibrate, so that the plastic particles are conveyed onto the conveyor belt 306 of the dielectric barrier discharge system 3.

[0008] The dielectric barrier discharge device 3 includes a motor II 301, a bevel gear set I 302, a square glass 303, a circular aluminum electrode 304, a support frame 305, a conveyor belt 306, a conveyor belt bracket 307, a digital oscilloscope 17, an AC high-voltage amplifier 18, and a function generator 19. The motor II 301 drives the conveyor belt 306 to move via the bevel gear set I 302. The support frame 305 is mounted on the conveyor belt bracket 307, supporting and positioning the square glass 303 and the circular aluminum electrode 304. The square glass 303 is horizontally installed along the moving direction of the conveyor belt 306, and the circular aluminum electrode 304 is vertically installed on the square glass 303 along the direction of the circular hole in the support frame 305. The air gap between the square glass 303 and the conveyor belt 306 is 5-10 mm. The conveyor belt bracket 307 is grounded to form the bottom electrode. The digital oscilloscope 17, the function generator 19, and the circular aluminum electrode 304 are connected to the AC high-voltage amplifier 18.

[0009] The feeding funnel I4 guides the plastic particles flowing down from the conveyor belt 306 in the dielectric barrier discharge device 3 to the spiral charging device 7. The output channel of the feeding funnel I4 is parallel to the inlet axis of the input channel of the spiral charger 704 in the spiral charging device 7.

[0010] The spiral charging device 7 is arranged at an angle and includes a motor Ⅲ 701, a bevel gear set 702, and a spiral friction charge 704. The motor Ⅲ 701 drives the spiral friction charge 704 to rotate through the bevel gear set 702. The spiral friction charge 704 includes an input section, a spiral body section, and an output section connected in sequence. The input section is used to connect with the discharge hopper Ⅰ 4, and the output section is used to connect with the discharge hopper Ⅱ 9.

[0011] The feeding funnel II 9 includes a funnel body 901, a baffle 902, a cover plate 903, a deceleration baffle 904, and a guide plate 905. The funnel body 901 adopts a design that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The cover plate 903 set on the top of the funnel body 901 is used to open / close the funnel body 901. The guide plate 905 installed on the upper inner side of the funnel body 901 guides the plastic particles flowing out of the spiral charger 704 in the spiral charging device 7, so that the plastic particles are dispersed in the horizontal direction. Two split baffles 902 are set at the lower part of the guide plate 905. The baffles 902 are fitted with the funnel body 901 with a gap. By adjusting the distance between the two baffles 902, the flow rate and speed of the plastic particles can be adjusted. The deceleration baffle 904 is set on the lower inner side of the funnel body 901 to reduce the initial velocity of the plastic particles in the vertical direction.

[0012] The primary sorting chamber 11 includes a first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and a second rectangular electrode plate 1102. The negative terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is connected to the electrostatic generator I14, and the positive terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The top spacing d1 between the first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and the second rectangular electrode plate 1102 is 100-150mm, and the tilt angle θ1 between the first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and the second rectangular electrode plate 1102 is 5°-10°.

[0013] The secondary sorting chamber 12 includes a third rectangular electrode plate 1201, a fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202, a fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203, and a sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 arranged sequentially from one side to the other. The negative terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is connected to an electrostatic generator II 15, and the positive terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The top distance d between the third rectangular electrode plate 1201 and the fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 is... 21 The top distance d between the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 and the sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 22 The value range is 150-175mm. The tilt angle of the third rectangular electrode plate 1201 and the sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 is 10°-20°. The fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 and the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 are installed vertically.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. Excellent charging performance of plastic particles. This invention utilizes atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge technology to modify the surface of plastic particles, which can significantly improve the charging performance of plastic particles.

[0016] 2. High operating efficiency. This invention uses a spiral-type friction charge, which can continuously charge plastic particles.

[0017] 3. High efficiency in plastic particle sorting. Utilizing a stacked two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system, it can separate two or more mixed plastic particles in a single operation.

[0018] 4. Environmentally friendly. The electrostatic separation used in this invention is a dry separation process, which helps prevent wastewater generation and environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 These are the front view and left view of the spiral feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral blade structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 These are three views of the vibrating feeder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 The following are the structural assembly diagram and exploded view of the dielectric barrier discharge system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding funnel I of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame II of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral charging device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding funnel II structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode plate installation of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 Here are schematic diagrams (a) of the high-voltage electric field structure and (b) of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the plastic pellet recycling invention;

[0033] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Spiral feeding mechanism, 101-Inlet, 102-Base, 103-Casing, 104-Outlet, 105-Motor I, 106-Reducer, 107-Chain, 108-Sprocket, 109-Spiral blade, 2-Vibrating feeder, 201-Foot column, 202-Support spring, 203-Vibrator, 204-Vibration spring, 205-Vibrating hopper, 3-Dielectric barrier discharge system, 301-Motor II, 302-Bevel gear set I, 303-Square glass, 304-Circular aluminum electrode, 305-Support frame, 306-Conveyor belt, 307-Conveyor belt bracket, 308-Conveyor belt sidewall, 4-Discharge hopper I, 5-Frame I, 6-Frame II, 7-Spiral charging device, 701-Motor III, 702 - Bevel gear set II, 703- Bearing I, 704- Helical friction charge, 8- Bearing II, 9- Feeding funnel II, 901- Funnel body, 902- Baffle, 903- Cover plate, 904- Reduction baffle, 905- Guide plate, 10- Indicator light, 11- Primary sorting bin, 1101- First rectangular electrode plate, 1102- Second rectangular electrode plate, 1103- Electrode fixing plate, 12- Secondary sorting bin, 1201- Third rectangular electrode plate, 1202- Fourth rectangular electrode plate, 1203- Fifth rectangular electrode plate, 1204- Sixth rectangular electrode plate, 13- Collection box, 14- Electrostatic generator I, 15- Electrostatic generator II, 16- Control box, 17- Digital oscilloscope, 18- AC high voltage amplifier, 19- Function generator. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the description.

[0035] Example 1: As Figure 1-14 As shown, a plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging includes a frame, a screw feeding mechanism 1, a vibrating feeder 2, a dielectric barrier discharge system 3, a discharge hopper I 4, a triboelectric charging device 7, a discharge hopper II 9, a primary sorting bin 11, a secondary sorting bin 12, and a collection box 13.

[0036] The spiral feeding mechanism 1, vibrating feeder 2, dielectric barrier discharge system 3, discharge hopper I 4, triboelectric charging device 7, discharge hopper II 9, primary sorting bin 11, secondary sorting bin 12, and collection box 13 installed on the frame are connected in sequence. The spiral feeding mechanism 1 is used to feed plastic granules into the vibrating feeder 2. The vibrating feeder 2 is used to vibrate the plastic granules and then feed them into the dielectric barrier discharge system 3. The dielectric barrier discharge system 3 is used to modify the surface of the plastic granules to improve their charging capacity. The discharge hopper I 4 is used to send the plastic granules conveyed by the dielectric barrier discharge system 3 to the triboelectric charging device 7. The triboelectric charging device 7 is used to charge the plastic granules after the discharge treatment by the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, so that they are positively and negatively charged. The two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system composed of the primary sorting bin 11 and the secondary sorting bin 12 is used to separate the charged plastic granules twice in the high-voltage electric field. The collection box 13 is used to collect the separated plastic granules.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the spiral feeding mechanism 1 includes a feed inlet 101, a base 102, a housing 103, a discharge outlet 104, a motor I 105, a reducer 106, a chain 107, a sprocket 108, and spiral blades 109. The feed inlet 101 is connected to the housing 103, and the housing 103 is mounted on the base 102. The motor I 105 transmits power to the spiral blades 109 through the reducer 106, the chain 107, and the sprocket 108, causing the spiral blades 109 to rotate and realize the feeding function. The motor I 105 is connected to the control box 16 through wires.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the vibrating feeder 2 vibrates through the vibrator 203, causing the excitation spring 204 to vibrate, which in turn causes the vibrating hopper 205 to vibrate, thus conveying the plastic particles onto the conveyor belt 306 of the dielectric barrier discharge system 3. Specifically, it includes four support posts 201, four support springs 202, a vibrator 203, excitation springs 204, and a vibrating hopper 205. The support posts 201 are mounted on the frame I5, and the four support springs 202 are respectively mounted at the four corners of the vibrating hopper 205. The lower ends of the support springs 202 are connected to the support posts 201. The vibrator 203 is installed in the middle of the vibrating hopper 205 and is connected to the control box 16 through a wire. When the vibrator 203 vibrates, it causes the excitation spring 204 to vibrate, which in turn causes the vibrating hopper 205 to vibrate, so that the plastic particles are conveyed more evenly onto the conveyor belt 306 of the dielectric barrier discharge system 3.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the dielectric barrier discharge device 3 includes a motor II 301, a bevel gear set I 302, a square glass 303, a circular aluminum electrode 304, a support frame 305, a conveyor belt 306, a conveyor belt bracket 307, a digital oscilloscope 17, an AC high-voltage amplifier 18, and a function generator 19. The motor II 301 drives the conveyor belt 306 to move through the bevel gear set I 302. The support frame 305 is installed on the conveyor belt bracket 307, and supports and positions the square glass 303 and the circular aluminum electrode 304. The square glass 303 is installed horizontally along the moving direction of the conveyor belt 306, and the circular aluminum electrode 304 is installed vertically on the square glass 303 along the direction of the circular hole in the support frame 305. The air gap between the square glass 303 and the conveyor belt 306 is 5-10 mm. The conveyor belt bracket 307 is grounded to form the bottom electrode. The digital oscilloscope 17, the function generator 19, and the circular aluminum electrode 304 are connected to the AC high-voltage amplifier 18.

[0040] The dielectric barrier discharge device 3 includes a motor II 301, a bevel gear set I 302, a square glass 303, a circular aluminum electrode 304, a support frame 305, a conveyor belt 306, a conveyor belt bracket 307, a conveyor belt sidewall 308, a digital oscilloscope 17, an AC high-voltage amplifier 18, and a function generator 19. The dielectric barrier discharge device 3 is mounted on a frame I 5. The motor II 301 is connected to a control box 16 via a wire, and the motor II 301 drives the conveyor belt 306 to move via the bevel gear set I 302. The support frame 305 is bolted to the conveyor belt bracket 307, and the support frame 305 supports and positions the square glass 303 and the circular aluminum electrode 304. The square glass 303 moves along the conveyor belt 306. The circular aluminum electrode 304 is installed horizontally and vertically onto the square glass 303 along the circular hole of the support frame 305 (the circular aluminum electrode 304 is installed on the square glass 303, and the square glass 303 is installed on the support frame 305; both can be fixed by adhesive). The support frame 305 can be made of PVC. The square glass 303 is an insulator used as a barrier medium, with a thickness of 3-5mm. The circular aluminum electrode 304 is the discharge electrode. The square glass 303 and the circular aluminum electrode 304 together form a dielectric barrier discharge. The air gap between the square glass 303 and the conveyor belt 306 is 5-10mm, and the area between them is the atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge region (DBD), which generates DBD plasma. The plastic particles pass through the atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge region on the conveyor belt 306 at a uniform speed for 3-10 seconds. The surface of the plastic particles is modified by atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge to enhance the triboelectric effect of the plastic particles and improve the charge-to-mass ratio of the charged plastic particles. The conveyor belt 306 is wrapped with aluminum foil, and the conveyor belt bracket 307 is grounded to form the bottom electrode. The digital oscilloscope 17, function generator 19, and circular aluminum electrode 304 are connected to the AC high voltage amplifier 18 (the input of the AC high voltage amplifier 18 is connected to the function generator 19, the output is connected to the circular aluminum electrode 304, and the signal is connected to the digital oscilloscope 17. The function generator 19 generates a square wave AC signal, the AC high voltage amplifier 18 is used to amplify the voltage gain, and the digital oscilloscope 17 displays the high voltage waveform). The conveyor belt edge 308 is bonded to the conveyor belt bracket 307, and the gap between it and the conveyor belt 306 is maintained at 1-2mm to avoid jamming plastic particles with a particle size of 3-6mm.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, the feeding funnel I4 guides the plastic particles flowing down from the conveyor belt 306 in the dielectric barrier discharge device 3 to the spiral charging device 7. The output channel of the feeding funnel I4 is parallel to the inlet axis of the input channel of the spiral charge 704 in the spiral charging device 7. Specifically, the feeding funnel I4 is bolted to the frame I5 to guide the plastic particles flowing down from the conveyor belt 306 to the spiral charging device 7. The feeding funnel I4 can be manually rotated on the frame I5 to ensure that the output channel of the feeding funnel I4 is parallel to the inlet pipe axis of the spiral charge 704, so as not to interfere with the rotation of the spiral charge 704.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the spiral charging device 7 is arranged at an angle and includes a motor Ⅲ 701, a bevel gear set 702, and a spiral friction charge 704. The motor Ⅲ 701 drives the spiral friction charge 704 to rotate through the bevel gear set 702. The spiral friction charge 704 includes an input section, a spiral body section, and an output section connected in sequence. The input section is used to connect with the discharge hopper Ⅰ 4, and the output section is used to connect with the discharge hopper Ⅱ 9. Specifically, the spiral charging device 7 includes a motor III 701, a bevel gear set II 702, two bearings I 703, and a spiral friction charge 704. The motor III 701 is mounted on a frame II 6 and connected to a control box 16 via wires. The small bevel gear in the bevel gear set II 702 is connected to the shaft of the motor III 701, and the large bevel gear in the bevel gear set II 702 is mounted on the spiral friction charge 704. The two bearings I 703 are mounted on the frame II 6 to support the spiral friction charge 704. Plastic particles are charged within the spiral friction charge 704 through collisions and friction between particles and between particles and the spiral tube wall. By employing an inclined spiral charging device, space usage can be reduced, improving space utilization. The rotating nature of the device during charging increases the collision frequency between particles and between particles and the tube wall, thus improving triboelectric charging efficiency. The spiral friction tube is made of plastic material, and the triboelectric series of this plastic material is intermediate among the triboelectric series of the separated plastics.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 10As shown, the feeding hopper II 9 includes a hopper body 901, a baffle 902, a cover plate 903, a deceleration baffle 904, and a guide plate 905. The hopper body 901 adopts a design that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The cover plate 903 on the top of the hopper body 901 is used to open / close the hopper body 901. The guide plate 905 installed on the upper inner side of the hopper body 901 guides the plastic particles flowing out of the spiral charger 704 in the spiral charging device 7, so that the plastic particles are dispersed horizontally and flow evenly to the sorting area. The lower part of the guide plate 905 is provided with Two split baffles 902 are placed, with a clearance fit between the baffles 902 and the funnel body 901. The funnel body has threaded holes, and the baffles 902 are clamped by bolts. By adjusting the distance between the two baffles 902, the flow rate and speed of the plastic particles can be adjusted. A deceleration baffle 904 is set on the lower inner side of the funnel body 901. During the fall of the plastic particles, they will collide with the deceleration baffle 904. The deceleration baffle 904 reduces the initial velocity of the plastic particles in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the initial velocity in the vertical direction on the sorting effect.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 , 12 As shown in Figure 14, the primary sorting chamber 11 includes a first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and a second rectangular electrode plate 1102. The negative terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is connected to the electrostatic generator I14, and the positive terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The voltage of the primary sorting chamber 11 is 40-50KV. The top distance d1 between the first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and the second rectangular electrode plate 1102 is 100-150mm, and the tilt angle θ1 between the first rectangular electrode plate 1101 and the second rectangular electrode plate 1102 is 5°-10°.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 , 12 As shown in Figure 14, the secondary sorting chamber 12 includes a third rectangular electrode plate 1201, a fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202, a fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203, and a sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 arranged sequentially from one side to the other. The negative terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is connected to an electrostatic generator II 15, and the positive terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The voltage of the secondary sorting chamber 12 is 40KV-50KV. The top distance d between the third rectangular electrode plate 1201 and the fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 is... 21 The top distance d between the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 and the sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 22 Satisfy d 21 =d 22 =150~175mm, the tilt angle of the third rectangular electrode plate 1201 and the sixth rectangular electrode plate 1204 is 10°-20°, i.e. θ 21 =θ 22The angle is 10° to 20°, and the fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 and the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 are vertically installed. In the above technical solution, the fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 and the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 are vertically installed, which can effectively save space without affecting the movement trajectory of the plastic particles. It should be noted that, without considering space saving, the fourth rectangular electrode plate 1202 and the fifth rectangular electrode plate 1203 can also be installed at an angle, with the angle ranging from 0° to 20°.

[0046] Each electrode plate in the primary and secondary sorting chambers is made of 1060 pure aluminum and is fixed to the insulating organic glass plate 1103 with glass glue. To ensure operational safety, the position and tilt angle of each rectangular electrode plate can be adjusted separately.

[0047] The frame includes frame I5 and frame II6. Frame I5 is used to install the vibrating feeder 2, the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, the discharge hopper I4, frame II6, bearing II8, discharge hopper II9, indicator light 10, primary sorting bin 11, secondary sorting bin 12, electrostatic generator I14, electrostatic generator II15, control box 16, digital oscilloscope 17, high-voltage amplifier 18, and function generator 19. Frame II6 is used to install the triboelectric charging device 7 (frame II6 is movably mounted on frame I5 via two bearings II8, tilted to the left and right; frame II6 can be manually adjusted to rotate 0°-30° to allow the plastic particles to pass through the spiral charger 704. During use, adjust the angle of the frame before starting operation). The vibrating feeder 2 is located below the discharge port of the spiral feeding mechanism 1. The dielectric barrier discharge system 3... The discharge system 3 is located below the discharge port of the vibrating feeder 2. The discharge hopper I 4 is located below the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, and the triboelectric charging device 7 is located below the discharge hopper I 4. The discharge hopper II 9 is located at the discharge end of the triboelectric charging device 7. The primary sorting bin 11 is located below the discharge hopper II 9, the secondary sorting bin 12 is located below the primary sorting bin 11, and the collection box 13 is located below the secondary sorting bin 12. The control box 16 is used to control the start and stop of the motor I in the screw feeding mechanism 1, the vibrator in the vibrating feeder 2, the conveyor belt 306 in the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, and the motor III in the triboelectric charging device 7. It is also used to control the vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder 2, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 306 in the dielectric barrier discharge system 3, and the rotation speed of the triboelectric charging device 7. The indicator light is used to display the operating status of the equipment. For illustrative and not limiting purposes, the present invention, after dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric separation, can simultaneously separate two or more plastic particle mixtures, wherein the effect of separating three plastic particles is better than that of separating four.

[0048] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0049] 1. Turn on the switch on the control box 16 to control motor I 105, start motor I 105, and input the dried plastic granule mixture from the feed port 101. Motor I 105 drives the spiral blades 109 to transport the plastic granule mixture through the discharge port 104 to the vibrating feed hopper 205.

[0050] 2. Turn on the switch on the control box 16 to control the vibrator 203, start the vibrator 203, the vibrator 203 drives the vibrating feed hopper 205 to vibrate, and evenly convey the plastic granules onto the conveyor belt 306.

[0051] 3. Turn on the digital oscilloscope 17, AC high voltage amplifier 18, and function generator 19 switches.

[0052] 4. Turn on the switch on the control box 16 to control motor II 301, start motor II 301, motor II 301 drives the conveyor belt 306 to send the plastic particles into the dielectric barrier discharge area for 3-10 seconds.

[0053] 5. The plastic granules on the conveyor belt 306 that have undergone dielectric barrier discharge treatment flow into the spiral friction charge 704 through the feeding funnel I4.

[0054] 6. Turn on the switch on the control box 16 to control motor Ⅲ701 and start motor Ⅲ701. Motor Ⅲ701 drives the spiral friction charge 704 to rotate through the bevel gear set Ⅱ702. The plastic particles rotate, roll, collide and rub inside the pipe. Through the collision and friction between particles and between particles and the spiral pipe wall, they acquire positive and negative charges respectively.

[0055] 7. Plastic granules carrying different charges flow into the two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system through the feeding funnel II9. The gap of the baffle 902 is changed to adjust the feeding speed and flow rate.

[0056] 8. Turn on the switches of electrostatic generator I14 and electrostatic generator II15, adjust electrostatic generator I14 to change the voltage of the rectangular electrode plate in the primary sorting chamber 11, and adjust electrostatic generator II15 to change the voltage of the rectangular electrode plate in the secondary sorting chamber 12.

[0057] 9. Charged plastic particles pass through a two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system. Under the influence of gravity, electric field force, air resistance, and other forces, the positively and negatively charged plastic particles move along different trajectories in the high-voltage electric field and fall into different slots in the collection box 13, thus achieving the separation of mixed plastic particles.

[0058] This invention utilizes atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge technology to alter the surface properties of plastics, changing their surface roughness and increasing their hydrophilicity, thereby enhancing their triboelectric properties. It also leverages the different dielectric constants of various materials to generate and acquire opposite charges through collisions and friction between plastic particles and the spiral tube wall, as well as between particles themselves. This highly efficient plastic particle separation equipment offers advantages such as high separation efficiency and zero pollution, making it suitable for plastic particle sorting operations.

[0059] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging, characterized in that, The system includes a frame, a screw feeding mechanism (1), a vibrating feeder (2), a dielectric barrier discharge system (3), a discharge hopper I (4), a triboelectric charging device (7), a discharge hopper II (9), a primary sorting bin (11), a secondary sorting bin (12), and a collection box (13). The screw feeding mechanism (1), vibrating feeder (2), dielectric barrier discharge system (3), discharge hopper I (4), triboelectric charging device (7), discharge hopper II (9), primary sorting bin (11), secondary sorting bin (12), and collection box (13) installed on the frame are connected in sequence. The screw feeding mechanism (1) is used to feed plastic granules into the vibrating feeder (2). The moving feeder (2) is used to vibrate the plastic particles and send them into the dielectric barrier discharge system (3). The dielectric barrier discharge system (3) is used to modify the surface of the plastic particles. The feeding funnel I (4) is used to send the plastic particles conveyed by the dielectric barrier discharge system (3) to the triboelectric charging device (7). The triboelectric charging device (7) is used to charge the plastic particles after the discharge treatment by the dielectric barrier discharge system (3) so that they carry positive and negative charges. The two-stage high-voltage electric field sorting system composed of the primary sorting bin (11) and the secondary sorting bin (12) is used to separate the charged plastic particles twice in the high-voltage electric field. The collection box (13) is used to collect the separated plastic particles. The triboelectric device (7) is arranged at an angle and includes a motor III (701), a bevel gear set II (702), and a spiral triboelectric device (704). The motor III (701) drives the spiral triboelectric device (704) to rotate through the bevel gear set II (702). The spiral triboelectric device (704) includes an input section, a spiral body section, and an output section connected in sequence. The input section is used to connect with the discharge hopper I (4), and the output section is used to connect with the discharge hopper II (9).

2. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral feeding mechanism (1) includes a feed inlet (101), a base (102), a housing (103), a discharge outlet (104), a motor I (105), a reducer (106), a chain (107), a sprocket (108), and spiral blades (109). The feed inlet (101) is connected to the housing (103), and the housing (103) is mounted on the base (102). The motor I (105) transmits power to the spiral blades (109) through the reducer (106), the chain (107), and the sprocket (108), causing the spiral blades (109) to rotate and realize the feeding function.

3. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating feeder (2) vibrates through the vibrator (203), causing the excitation spring (204) to vibrate, which in turn causes the vibrating feed hopper (205) to vibrate, so that the plastic particles are conveyed onto the conveyor belt (306) of the dielectric barrier discharge system (3).

4. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric barrier discharge system (3) includes a motor II (301), a bevel gear set I (302), a square glass (303), a circular aluminum electrode (304), a support frame (305), a conveyor belt (306), a conveyor belt bracket (307), a digital oscilloscope (17), an AC high-voltage amplifier (18), and a function generator (19). The motor II (301) drives the conveyor belt (306) to move through the bevel gear set I (302). The support frame (305) is installed on the conveyor belt bracket (307) and supports and positions the square glass (303) and the circular aluminum electrode (304). The square glass (303) is installed horizontally along the moving direction of the conveyor belt (306), and the circular aluminum electrode (304) is installed vertically on the square glass (303) along the direction of the circular hole of the support frame (305). The square glass (303) and the conveyor belt (306) are connected. The air gap between them is 5-10mm; the conveyor belt support (307) is grounded to form the bottom electrode, and the digital oscilloscope (17), function generator (19), and circular aluminum electrode (304) are connected to the AC high voltage amplifier (18).

5. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding hopper I (4) guides the plastic particles flowing down from the conveyor belt (306) in the dielectric barrier discharge system (3) to the triboelectric charging device (7). The output channel of the feeding hopper I (4) is parallel to the inlet axis of the input channel of the spiral charge (704) in the triboelectric charging device (7).

6. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding funnel II (9) includes a funnel body (901), a baffle (902), a cover plate (903), a deceleration baffle (904), and a guide plate (905); the funnel body (901) adopts a design that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom; the cover plate (903) provided on the top of the funnel body (901) is used to open / close the funnel body (901); the guide plate (905) installed on the upper inner side of the funnel body (901) guides the plastic particles flowing out of the spiral charger (704) in the triboelectric charging device (7), so that the plastic particles are dispersed in the horizontal direction; Two split baffles (902) are provided at the lower part of the guide plate (905). The baffles (902) are fitted with the funnel body (901) with a clearance. By adjusting the distance between the two baffles (902), the flow rate and speed of the plastic particles can be adjusted. A deceleration baffle (904) is provided at the lower inner side of the funnel body (901). The deceleration baffle (904) reduces the initial velocity of the plastic particles in the vertical direction.

7. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary sorting chamber (11) includes a first rectangular electrode plate (1101) and a second rectangular electrode plate (1102). The negative terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is connected to the electrostatic generator I (14), and the positive terminal of the rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The top spacing between the first rectangular electrode plate (1101) and the second rectangular electrode plate (1102) is... The tilt angles of the first rectangular electrode plate (1101) and the second rectangular electrode plate (1102) .

8. The plastic particle separation device based on dielectric barrier discharge and triboelectric charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary sorting chamber (12) includes a third rectangular electrode plate (1201), a fourth rectangular electrode plate (1202), a fifth rectangular electrode plate (1203), and a sixth rectangular electrode plate (1204) arranged sequentially from one side to the other. The negative terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is connected to an electrostatic generator II (15), and the positive terminal of each rectangular electrode plate is grounded. The top distance d between the third rectangular electrode plate (1201) and the fourth rectangular electrode plate (1202) is... 21 The top distance d between the fifth rectangular electrode plate (1203) and the sixth rectangular electrode plate (1204) 22 The range of values ​​is The third rectangular electrode plate (1201) and the sixth rectangular electrode plate (1204) are tilted at an angle of 10°-20°, while the fourth rectangular electrode plate (1202) and the fifth rectangular electrode plate (1203) are installed vertically.

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