Method for constructing anti-fouling evaporation system by using waste biomass and application thereof

Abstract

The application of the method for constructing an anti-fouling evaporation system by using waste biomass belongs to the technical field of biomass utilization, and comprises lotus leaf pretreatment, PPy@lotus leaf preparation, and water gel coating preparation. The waste biomass material lotus leaf is used as a substrate, and polypyrrole is uniformly grown on the top of the lotus leaf. The excellent light-heat performance of the polypyrrole is matched with the natural 3D pore structure of the lotus leaf to realize efficient interface water evaporation. Meanwhile, in order to adapt to the actual water body, a water gel coating is coated on the bottom of the lotus leaf to enhance the anti-fouling property of the evaporator, and the application prospect in the fields of seawater desalination and waste utilization is wide. The application constructs an anti-fouling evaporation system with the waste biomass material lotus leaf as a substrate, which can be applied not only to solar-driven interface evaporation, but also to waste utilization, and has important significance for seawater desalination, environmental protection, and resource conservation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biomass utilization technology, and in particular relates to a method for constructing an anti-pollution evaporation system using waste biomass materials and its application in solar-driven evaporation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Water, as one of the most important material resources on Earth, plays a vital role in sustaining human survival and development. However, with population growth, industrialization, and climate change in recent years, water scarcity has become a core global issue. Previous studies have found that approximately 80% of the world's population faces a high degree of threat to water security, and at the current rate of water consumption, even more people will face severe water shortages, endangering ecosystems. Although the Earth's hydrosphere contains a vast amount of water, approximately 1.386 billion cubic kilometers, freshwater accounts for only about 2.5% of the world's water resources, while 97.5% is saline water, undrinkable. Therefore, seawater desalination has become an ideal method and an important research direction for alleviating the freshwater crisis.

[0003] In today's world of extreme energy and water scarcity, seawater desalination using solar evaporation has become a highly valuable research approach. Solar-driven evaporation (SSG) technology primarily utilizes the property of photothermal materials to convert light energy into internal energy, thereby accelerating the evaporation rate of seawater and achieving desalination. The evaporator, as the core functional component of SSG, is a key research focus in this field. Evaporators with larger specific surface areas, higher photothermal conversion efficiency, and lower synthesis costs will offer more significant evaporation advantages.

[0004] Lotus pods are widely distributed in my country, and people usually harvest the seeds for consumption. However, the pods are often discarded or burned as a byproduct of lotus processing, undoubtedly resulting in resource waste. Because lotus pods have a natural 3D porous structure, they can effectively increase the number of light reflections, making them ideal 3D evaporators.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new solution in the existing technology to apply waste biomass lotus pods to evaporation systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method and application for constructing an anti-fouling evaporation system using waste biomass. The method uses lotus seedpods, a waste biomass material, as the substrate, and grows polypyrrole uniformly on its top. The excellent photothermal properties of polypyrrole, combined with the natural 3D porous structure of the lotus seedpod, achieve efficient interfacial water evaporation. At the same time, to adapt to actual water bodies, a hydrogel coating is applied to its bottom to enhance the anti-fouling properties of the evaporator. This invention has broad application prospects in the fields of seawater desalination and waste utilization.

[0007] A method for constructing an anti-pollution evaporation system using waste biomass is characterized by comprising the following steps, which are performed sequentially.

[0008] Step 1: Pre-treatment of lotus pods

[0009] Select lotus pods with a diameter of 5cm-15cm, remove the outer skin at the bottom of the lotus pod, and make several small holes with a diameter of 0.1mm-2mm at the top of the lotus pod. Soak the lotus pods in deionized water for 30min-60min until they are fully moistened, then remove them for later use.

[0010] Step 2: Preparation of PPy@Lotus Seedpod

[0011] Add 0.5g-3g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 10min-40min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse the lotus seedpod, which has been moistened in step one, in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring until the lotus seedpod fully absorbs the pyrrole monomer. Prepare an oxidant solution with a concentration of 50mM-100mM and add it dropwise to the pyrrole solution in which the lotus seedpod has been soaked, and continue stirring. After polymerization for 0.5h-5h, PPy@lotus seedpod is obtained. Wash it with deionized water and air dry it naturally for 2-5 days for later use.

[0012] Step 3: Preparation of hydrogel coating

[0013] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.03 mol / L to 0.2 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water; 0.03 g to 0.2 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% acetic acid solution under stirring, 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution was added, and 0.1 g of FFe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution; the bottom of the PPy@lotus seedpod prepared in step two was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and then dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours to obtain the biomass antifouling evaporation system material.

[0014] The oxidant solution in the step is one or more of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, and copper chloride, with a concentration of 60mM-90mM.

[0015] The application of a pollution-resistant evaporation system constructed using waste biomass is demonstrated by using the constructed pollution-resistant evaporation system as a solar-driven water evaporation SSG interface evaporator.

[0016] Through the above design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) Due to its natural 3D porous structure and the Janus structure with a hydrophobic upper part and a hydrophilic lower part, the lotus seedpod can not only increase the absorption of light, but also effectively promote the dissolution and reflux of salt, thus extending the life of the evaporator. In addition, using waste lotus seedpods as the evaporator base realizes waste utilization and avoids resource waste.

[0018] (2) Compared with directly carbonizing the lotus seedpod to obtain photothermal properties, the present invention uses a simple chemical polymerization method to grow polypyrrole on its top, which not only avoids a large amount of energy consumption, but also retains its own internal hydrophilic structure, resulting in high evaporation efficiency, mild conditions, and strong operability.

[0019] (3) After the lotus seedpod is attached to the bottom with amphiphilic hydrogel, it can effectively prevent oil, bacteria and other substances from clogging the evaporator, extend its working life, and ensure that the evaporator can also have good evaporation performance in polluted water.

[0020] In conclusion, constructing a pollution-resistant evaporation system based on the waste biomass material lotus seedpod can not only be applied to solar-driven interfacial evaporation, but also realizes waste utilization, which is of great significance for seawater desalination, environmental protection and resource conservation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0022] Figure 1 This invention provides a specific implementation method and application of a pollution-preventing evaporation system constructed using waste biomass, within a 1kWm... -2 Water quality change over time under solar radiation. Detailed Implementation

[0023] A method for constructing an anti-pollution evaporation system using waste biomass includes the following steps, which are performed sequentially.

[0024] Step 1: Pre-treatment of lotus pods:

[0025] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (5-15cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.1mm-2mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak the seedpod in deionized water for 30-60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0026] Ideally, the lotus seedpod should be 8cm-13cm in diameter.

[0027] Preferably, the diameter of the pinholes on the lotus seedpod is 0.4mm-1.2mm.

[0028] Step 2, Preparation of PPy@Lotus Seedpod:

[0029] Add 0.5g-3g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 10-40min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Prepare an oxidant solution with a concentration of 50nM-100mM. Add the prepared oxidant solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods and continue stirring. After polymerization for 0.5h-5h, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash the PPy@lotus pods with deionized water and air dry naturally for 2-5 days for later use.

[0030] Preferably, the amount of pyrrole used is 1g-2g.

[0031] Preferably, the oxidant is one or more of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, and copper chloride, with a concentration of 60mM-90mM.

[0032] Preferably, the polymerization time is 2h-4h.

[0033] Step 3: Preparation of hydrogel:

[0034] First, sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.03-0.2 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. Then, 0.03-0.2 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of the PPy@lotus seedpod was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 48 hours.

[0035] Preferably, sodium perfluorononanoate with a concentration of 0.05 mol / L to 0.15 mol / L is prepared.

[0036] As a preferred option, add 0.03g-0.08g of chitosan.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0039] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (10cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.5mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0040] Add 1.2g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 4g of FeCl3 in 300ml of water and add the prepared FeCl3 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 3 hours, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash with deionized water and air dry naturally for 3 days for later use.

[0041] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.10 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0042] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0043] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the amount of natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after 1 hour of evaporation under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the amount of natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 82.57%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency is almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remains clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria are observed under an electron microscope.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0046] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (8cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.4mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0047] Add 1g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 4g of FeCl3 in 300ml of water and add the prepared FeCl3 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 3 hours, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash the PPy@lotus pods with deionized water and air-dry them naturally for 2 days for later use.

[0048] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.10 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0049] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0050] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the amount of natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after evaporation for 1 hour under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the amount of natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 80.48%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency is almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remains clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria are observed under an electron microscope.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0053] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (10cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.5mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0054] Add 1.5g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with constant stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 4g of CuCl2 in 300ml of water and add the prepared CuCl2 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 3 hours, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash with deionized water and air dry naturally for 3 days for later use.

[0055] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.10 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0056] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0057] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the amount of natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after 1 hour of evaporation under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the amount of natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 80.69%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency is almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remains clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria are observed under an electron microscope.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0060] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (10cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.5mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0061] Add 1.5g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 4g of Fe(NO3)3 in 300ml of water and add the prepared Fe(NO3)3 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 3 hours, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash with deionized water and air dry naturally for 3 days for later use.

[0062] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.15 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0063] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0064] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the amount of natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after 1 hour of evaporation under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the amount of natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 79.62%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency was almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remained clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria remained under an electron microscope.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0067] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (10cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.5mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0068] Add 1.2g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 3g of FeCl3 in 300ml of water and add the prepared FeCl3 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 1 hour, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash with deionized water and air dry naturally for 3 days for later use.

[0069] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.10 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0070] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0071] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the amount of natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after 1 hour of evaporation under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the amount of natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 76.43%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency was almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remained clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria remained under an electron microscope.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] (1) Evaporator preparation

[0074] Remove the outer skin from the bottom of the lotus seedpod (10cm in diameter) to provide water for subsequent evaporation. To ensure steam can escape during evaporation, poke several small holes (0.5mm in diameter) at the top of the seedpod with a needle. Soak it in deionized water for 60 minutes to fully moisten it.

[0075] Add 1.4g of pyrrole to 300ml of deionized water and sonicate for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution. Immerse lotus pods in the pyrrole solution for 60min with continuous stirring to ensure full absorption of the pyrrole monomer. Dissolve 5.5g of FeCl3 in 300ml of water and add the prepared FeCl3 solution dropwise to the pyrrole solution containing the lotus pods while stirring. After polymerization for 4 hours, PPy@lotus pods are obtained. Wash with deionized water and air dry naturally for 3 days for later use.

[0076] Sodium perfluorononanoate (NaPFN) of 0.10 mol / L was prepared by reacting fluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water. 0.05 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 25 ml of 1% (v / v) acetic acid solution with stirring, followed by the addition of 5 ml of 0.10 mol / L NaPFN solution, and then 0.1 g / L Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed in the solution. The bottom of PPy@lotus seedpods was repeatedly immersed in the coating solution and squeezed, and finally dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 48 hours.

[0077] (2) Solar-driven interfacial evaporation test

[0078] Add 800 ml of water to a beaker and place it in an analytical balance. Record the natural evaporation after 1 hour in a dark environment as a control group. Add another 800 ml of water to a beaker, float the prepared evaporator on the water surface, and place the entire system in an analytical balance, recording the initial weight. Using a xenon lamp as a solar simulator, record the weight loss of the system after 1 hour of evaporation under a certain solar intensity (accurate to 0.0001). Subtract the natural evaporation in the dark environment to calculate the actual evaporation rate as 83.12%. Place it in a beaker containing soybean oil emulsion (242.3 mg / L) for a 1-hour evaporation test. The evaporator efficiency is almost unaffected. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remains clean and free of oil residue, and almost no bacteria are observed under an electron microscope.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] Similar to Example 1, the difference is that only simple pretreatment is performed on the lotus pods, and the untreated lotus pods are directly subjected to subsequent evaporation tests.

[0081] The results showed that the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator in oil-free water was only 10.34%.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] Same as Example 1, except that no hydrogel coating is introduced.

[0084] The results showed that the evaporator was unaffected by evaporation in oil-free water, with an evaporation efficiency of 80.23%. However, when it was placed in soybean emulsion, the evaporation efficiency was only 61.23%. After evaporation, there was obvious oil residue on the bottom of the lotus seedpod, and the number of bacteria was relatively high under an electron microscope.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] Same as Example 1, except that the lotus seedpod is not perforated during the pretreatment stage.

[0087] The results showed that the evaporator had an evaporation efficiency of only 30.34% in oil-free water, but operated stably in oil-containing water. After evaporation, the bottom of the lotus seedpod remained clean and free of oil, and almost no bacteria remained under an electron microscope.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an antifouling evaporation system using waste biomass, characterized by: Comprise the following steps, and the following steps are carried out in order, Step one, lotus pre-treatment Select the diameter of 5cm-15cm lotus, remove the lotus bottom skin, set up a number of small holes with a diameter of 0.1mm-2mm at the top of the lotus, soak the lotus in deionized water for 30min-60min, until fully wet, take out and reserve; Step two, PPy@ lotus preparation Add 0.5g-3g pyrrole to 300mL deionized water, ultrasonic 10min-40min to obtain a homogeneous solution, immerse the lotus wetted in step one in the pyrrole solution for 60min with constant stirring, until the lotus fully absorbs the pyrrole monomer; prepare a 50mM-100mM concentration of oxidant solution, dropwise add to the lotus soaked in pyrrole solution and continue to stir, polymerize for 0.5h-5h, obtain PPy@ lotus; wash it with deionized water, then naturally air dry for 2-5 days for use; Step three, water-based coating preparation Fluoronic acid and sodium hydroxide NaOH are reacted in water to prepare 0.03mol / L-0.2mol / L sodium perfluoronic acid NaPFN; 0.03g-0.2g chitosan is completely dissolved in 25ml volume ratio 1% acetic acid solution under stirring, 5ml 0.10mol / L NaPFN solution is added, 0.1g / L Fe3O4 is ultrasonically dispersed in the solution; the bottom of the PPy@ lotus prepared in step two is repeatedly soaked in the coating solution and squeezed, then dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 48 hours to obtain a biomass antifouling evaporation system material.

2. The method for constructing an antifouling evaporation system using waste biomass according to claim 1, characterized by: The oxidant solution in step two is one or more of ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, and copper chloride, with a concentration of 60mM-90mM.

3. Use of waste biomass for constructing an antifouling evaporation system, characterized in that The antifouling evaporation system constructed by the method of claim 1 is used as a solar-driven water evaporation SSG interfacial evaporator.

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