Drainage device for dam foundation drainage hole and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a drainage device, which comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is used for being installed on a dam foundation drainage hole orifice, the top plate is detachably covered on the bottom plate, a water collecting cavity is defined between the top plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a first opening communicated with the water collecting cavity, the first opening is used for being communicated with the dam foundation drainage hole, so that water in the dam foundation drainage hole enters the water collecting cavity, the top plate is provided with a first groove with an opening facing the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a second groove with an opening facing the top plate, the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged and form a drainage channel, a water inlet end of the drainage channel is communicated with the water collecting cavity, and a water outlet end of the drainage channel is used for draining water to a drainage ditch. The drainage device has the advantages of high drainage channel dredging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dam technology, and more specifically to a drainage device for drainage holes in dam foundations and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of dam construction technology, a number of 100-meter-class dams have emerged. To ensure the safe and stable operation of these dams, vertical drainage holes are typically installed in the dam foundation. These drainage holes are drainage openings installed downstream of the seepage barrier to reduce uplift pressure at the dam base. The openings of the drainage holes are usually protected with cover plates. Then, drainage steel pipes are buried between the drainage holes and the drainage ditch to guide water overflowing from the drainage holes into the drainage ditch and out of the dam.

[0003] In related technologies, due to the high content of calcium compounds in the water overflowing from the drainage holes of the dam foundation, the calcium compounds can easily clog the drainage steel pipes after long-term drainage operation. The common method for dealing with the blockage of the drainage steel pipes is to use steel wire or other tools to clear them. However, when there are a lot of calcium compounds, the limited operating space leads to low efficiency in clearing the drainage steel pipes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a drainage device with high efficiency in clearing drainage channels.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method for using a drainage device to improve the dredging efficiency of drainage channels.

[0006] The drainage device of this invention includes a top plate and a bottom plate. The bottom plate is used to be installed at the opening of the drainage hole in the dam foundation. The top plate is detachably covered on the bottom plate. A water collection cavity is defined between the top plate and the bottom plate. The bottom plate has a first opening that communicates with the water collection cavity. The first opening is used to communicate with the drainage hole in the dam foundation so that water in the drainage hole in the dam foundation can enter the water collection cavity.

[0007] The top plate has a first groove with an opening facing the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a second groove with an opening facing the top plate. The first groove and the second groove are arranged opposite to each other to form a drainage channel. The inlet end of the drainage channel is connected to the water collection cavity, and the outlet end of the drainage channel is used to drain water into the drainage ditch.

[0008] In some embodiments, the drainage device of the present invention further includes a level pipe connected to at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate. The level pipe includes a horizontal pipe section and a vertical pipe section that communicate with each other. The horizontal pipe section passes through the drainage channel and extends into the water collection cavity. The vertical pipe section is placed outside the drainage channel and extends upward. The vertical pipe section is used to observe the liquid level in the drainage hole of the dam foundation.

[0009] In some embodiments, the liquid level tube is made of a transparent material, and a horizontal liquid level line is provided on the vertical tube section. The horizontal liquid level line is located between the bottom wall of the first groove and the bottom wall of the second groove in the vertical direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central axis of the horizontal pipe section coincides with the central axis of the drainage channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the second groove is inclined gradually away from the top plate along the drainage direction of the drainage channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the top plate includes a cover plate and a top plate body, the top plate body having a second opening communicating with the water collection cavity, the cover plate being rotatably connected to the top plate, the cover plate being used to open or close the second opening, and the first groove being provided on the top plate body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cover plate has a plurality of spaced-apart weight-reduction holes.

[0014] In some embodiments, one of the top plate body and the bottom plate has a positioning hole, and the other of the top plate body and the bottom plate has a positioning rod, which is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, a first flexible element is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the top plate body; and / or

[0016] A second flexible element is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the base plate.

[0017] A method for using the drainage device according to embodiments of the present invention, the method comprising, based on the drainage device described in any of the above embodiments, including:

[0018] During the drainage process, the liquid level in the vertical pipe section is observed using the drainage device.

[0019] When the liquid level in the vertical pipe section is higher than the preset value, the drainage channel becomes blocked, the top plate is separated from the bottom plate, and the blockage in the first groove and the second groove is cleared;

[0020] After cleaning, the top plate is installed on the bottom plate.

[0021] In this embodiment of the invention, when calcium deposits accumulate in the drainage channel during long-term drainage, causing blockage, the top plate and bottom plate are separated using the handle. This fully exposes the first and second grooves, which are then cleaned. Since both the first and second grooves have openings, these openings can be used for cleaning, providing ample operating space and simplifying the drainage channel unblocking process, thus significantly improving efficiency. After cleaning, the top plate is installed on the bottom plate, allowing the first and second grooves to assemble and form a drainage channel for continued drainage.

[0022] Therefore, the drainage device of the present invention has the advantages of high drainage channel dredging efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage device with the cover plate open according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid level pipe and the base plate of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid level pipe and the base plate of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate of the drainage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] Drainage device 100;

[0032] Top plate 1; cover plate 101; weight reduction hole 1011; top plate body 102; first groove 1021; second opening 1022; positioning rod 1023;

[0033] Base plate 2; second groove 201; positioning hole 202; first opening 203;

[0034] Water collection chamber 3;

[0035] Drainage channel 4;

[0036] Liquid level pipe 5; horizontal pipe section 501; vertical pipe section 502; horizontal liquid level line 5021;

[0037] First flexible component 6;

[0038] Second flexible component 7. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the drainage device 100 of this embodiment includes a top plate 1 and a bottom plate 2. The bottom plate 2 is used to install on the drainage hole opening of the dam foundation. The top plate 1 has a handle and is detachably mounted on the bottom plate 2. A water collection cavity 3 is defined between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. The bottom plate 2 has a first opening 203 communicating with the water collection cavity 3. The first opening 203 is used to communicate with the drainage hole of the dam foundation so that water in the drainage hole of the dam foundation can enter the water collection cavity 3. The top plate 1 has a first groove 1021 with its opening facing the bottom plate 2, and the bottom plate 2 has a second groove 201 with its opening facing the top plate 1. The first groove 1021 and the second groove 201 are arranged opposite to each other and form a drainage channel 4. The inlet end of the drainage channel 4 communicates with the water collection cavity 3, and the outlet end of the drainage channel 4 is used to drain water into the drainage ditch.

[0042] In the installation process of the drainage device 100 of this embodiment, the bottom plate 2 is first installed at the opening of the drainage hole of the dam foundation, and then the top plate 1 is installed on the bottom plate 2, with the outlet end of the drainage channel 4 facing the drainage ditch.

[0043] It should be noted that, since the drainage holes of the dam foundation are vertically set, when the water level in the drainage holes of the dam foundation continues to rise, the water in the drainage holes of the dam foundation will enter the water collection chamber 3 through the first opening 203. The water entering the water collection chamber 3 will be discharged into the drainage ditch through the drainage channel 4, and then discharged out of the dam foundation through the drainage ditch.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, during long-term drainage, when calcium deposits accumulate in the drainage channel 4, causing blockage, the top plate 1 and bottom plate 2 are separated using a handle. This exposes the first groove 1021 and the second groove 201, allowing for cleaning. Since both grooves 1021 and 201 have openings, they can be cleaned using these openings, providing ample operating space and simplifying the unblocking of the drainage channel 4, thus significantly improving its efficiency. After cleaning, the top plate 1 is placed on the bottom plate 2, allowing the grooves 1021 and 201 to assemble and form the drainage channel 4 for continued drainage.

[0045] Therefore, the drainage device 100 of the present invention has the advantages of high drainage channel dredging efficiency.

[0046] In some embodiments, the drainage device 100 of the present invention further includes a level pipe 5, which is connected to at least one of the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. The level pipe 5 includes a horizontal pipe section 501 and a vertical pipe section 502 that communicate with each other. The horizontal pipe section 501 passes through the drainage channel 4 and extends into the water collection chamber 3. The vertical pipe section 502 is placed outside the drainage channel 4 and extends upward. The vertical pipe section 502 is used to observe the liquid level in the drainage hole of the dam foundation.

[0047] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the level pipe 5 is connected to the top plate 1. In the operation of the drainage device 100 of this embodiment, when the drainage channel 4 is blocked, the water accumulated in the dam foundation drainage holes cannot be discharged through the drainage channel 4, causing the liquid level in the water collection chamber 3 to rise. After the liquid level in the water collection chamber 3 rises, it enters the vertical pipe section 502 through the horizontal pipe section 501. Under atmospheric pressure, the liquid level in the vertical pipe section 502 will be consistent with the liquid level in the water collection chamber 3. Therefore, by observing the liquid level in the vertical pipe section 502, the liquid level in the water collection chamber 3 can be determined, thus indicating whether the drainage channel 4 is blocked. This allows operation and maintenance personnel to accurately grasp the calcification accumulation state in the drainage channel 4, eliminating the need to unclog all drainage channels 4 of the dam foundation drainage holes every time, greatly reducing the workload of operation and maintenance personnel and improving work efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, the liquid level tube 5 is made of transparent material, and a horizontal liquid level line 5021 is provided on the vertical tube section 502. The horizontal liquid level line 5021 is located between the bottom wall of the first groove 1021 and the bottom wall of the second groove 201 in the vertical direction.

[0049] For example, the level tube 5 can be made of glass. The position of the horizontal level line 5021 can be set according to specific usage requirements. During use, the operation and maintenance personnel of the drainage device 100 of this embodiment can quickly determine whether the drainage channel 4 is blocked by observing whether the water level exceeds the horizontal level line 5021. Based on the judgment, they can then decide whether the drainage channel 4 needs to be cleaned, which can greatly improve the efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel and reduce their workload.

[0050] Optionally, the central axis of the horizontal pipe section 501 coincides with the central axis of the drainage channel 4.

[0051] It is understandable that water in the dam foundation drainage hole will only enter the horizontal pipe section 501 when the blockage in the drainage channel 4 reaches the central axis position. In other words, by aligning the central axis of the horizontal pipe section 501 with the central axis of the drainage channel 4, the drainage channel 4 can be cleared when the blockage in the drainage channel 4 reaches the central axis position, preventing excessive accumulation of blockage and affecting the efficiency of clearing the drainage channel 4.

[0052] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the second groove 201 is gradually inclined away from the top plate 1 along the drainage direction of the drainage channel 4.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the height of the inlet end of the drainage channel 4 is higher than the height of the outlet end of the drainage channel 4. When water flows in the drainage channel 4, because the height of the inlet end of the drainage channel 4 is higher than the height of the outlet end of the drainage channel 4, the flow rate of water in the drainage channel 4 can be accelerated under the action of gravitational potential energy, which is conducive to accelerating the removal of calcium deposits and slowing down the accumulation of calcium deposits.

[0054] In some embodiments, the top plate 1 includes a cover plate 101 and a top plate body 102. The top plate body 102 has a second opening 1022 that communicates with the water collection cavity 3. The cover plate 101 is rotatably connected to the top plate 1 and is used to open or close the second opening 1022. A first groove 1021 is provided on the top plate body 102.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, one end of the cover plate 101 is hinged to one end of the top plate body 102 via a hinge shaft. The drainage device 100 of this embodiment of the invention opens or closes the second opening 1022 by rotating the cover plate 101.

[0056] The drainage device 100 of this invention provides a cover plate 101 on the cover plate 101 body, which facilitates operation and maintenance personnel to observe the calcification blockage inside the dam foundation drainage hole. When a large amount of calcification accumulates in the dam foundation drainage hole, the calcification inside the dam foundation drainage hole can be cleaned by opening the cover plate 101, thereby making the cleaning of the dam foundation drainage hole convenient.

[0057] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cover plate 101 has a plurality of spaced weight-reducing holes 1011, which can not only reduce the weight of the cover plate 101 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the cover plate 101, but also facilitate the rotation of the cover plate 101 to facilitate locking or closing the second opening 1022.

[0058] In some embodiments, one of the top plate body 102 and the bottom plate 2 has a positioning hole 202, and the other of the top plate body 102 and the bottom plate 2 has a positioning rod 1023, which is inserted into the positioning hole 202.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, each of the four corners of the top plate body 102 has a positioning rod 1023, and the bottom plate 2 has four positioning holes 202. The four positioning rods 1023 and the four positioning holes 202 are matched one-to-one. The drainage device 100 of this embodiment of the invention can realize the rapid positioning and installation between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 by setting the positioning and matching structure on the top plate body 102 and the bottom plate 2, so as to improve the efficiency of disassembly and assembly between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2.

[0060] Optionally, a first flexible element 6 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the top plate body 102.

[0061] For example, the first flexible component 6 is made of rubber. It is understood that the area around the drainage hole opening in the dam foundation is made of concrete. When the top plate 1 is installed at the drainage hole opening, the outer periphery of the top plate 1 is concrete. The top plate 1 will expand and contract with changes in ambient temperature. By setting the first flexible component 6 on the outer periphery of the top plate 1 to make flexible contact with the concrete, the deformation of the top plate 1 under changes in ambient temperature will compress the first flexible component 6 to undergo elastic deformation, thereby reducing the interaction force between the top plate 1 and the concrete structure around the drainage hole in the dam foundation. This facilitates the separation of the top plate 1 from the bottom plate 2 and improves the efficiency of the assembly and disassembly of the top plate 1.

[0062] Optionally, a second flexible element 7 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the base plate 2.

[0063] For example, the second flexible component 7 is made of rubber. It is understood that the area around the drainage hole opening in the dam foundation is made of concrete. When the base plate 2 is installed at the opening of the drainage hole, the outer periphery of the base plate 2 is a concrete structure. The base plate 2 will expand and contract with changes in ambient temperature. By setting the first flexible component 6 on the outer periphery of the base plate 2 to make flexible contact with the concrete, the deformation of the base plate 2 under changes in ambient temperature will cause the first flexible component 6 to undergo elastic deformation, reducing the interaction force between the base plate 2 and the concrete structure surrounding the drainage hole. This facilitates the removal of the base plate 2 from the drainage hole for replacement or maintenance.

[0064] The method of using the drainage device 100 according to any of the above embodiments includes:

[0065] During the drainage process, the liquid level in the vertical pipe section 502 is observed by the drainage device 100.

[0066] When the liquid level in the vertical pipe section 502 is higher than the preset value, the drainage channel 4 becomes blocked, separating the top plate 1 from the bottom plate 2, and clearing the blockage in the first groove 1021 and the second groove 201.

[0067] After cleaning, install the top plate 1 onto the bottom plate 2.

[0068] Therefore, the method of using the drainage device 100 in this embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high dredging efficiency of the drainage channel 4.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0070] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0071] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0073] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage device for drainage holes in dam foundations, characterized in that, include: A top plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate being installed at the opening of a drainage hole in the dam foundation, the top plate being detachably mounted on the bottom plate, the top plate having a handle, a water collection cavity being defined between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the bottom plate having a first opening communicating with the water collection cavity, the first opening being communicating with the drainage hole in the dam foundation so that water in the drainage hole in the dam foundation can enter the water collection cavity; The top plate has a first groove with an opening facing the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has a second groove with an opening facing the top plate. The first groove and the second groove are arranged opposite to each other to form a drainage channel. The inlet end of the drainage channel is connected to the water collection cavity, and the outlet end of the drainage channel is used to drain water into the drainage ditch. The top plate includes a cover plate and a top plate body. The top plate body has a second opening that communicates with the water collection cavity. The cover plate is rotatably connected to the top plate and is used to open or close the second opening. The first groove is provided on the top plate body. One of the top plate body and the bottom plate has a positioning hole, and the other of the top plate body and the bottom plate has a positioning rod, which is inserted into the positioning hole.

2. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a level pipe, which is connected to at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate. The level pipe includes a horizontal pipe section and a vertical pipe section that are connected. The horizontal pipe section passes through the drainage channel and extends into the water collection cavity. The vertical pipe section is placed outside the drainage channel and extends upward. The vertical pipe section is used to observe the level of the liquid in the drainage hole of the dam foundation.

3. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid level tube is made of transparent material, and a horizontal liquid level line is provided on the vertical tube section. The horizontal liquid level line is located between the bottom wall of the first groove and the bottom wall of the second groove in the vertical direction.

4. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central axis of the horizontal pipe section coincides with the central axis of the drainage channel.

5. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the second groove is inclined gradually away from the top plate along the drainage direction of the drainage channel.

6. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cover plate has multiple spaced-apart weight-reduction holes.

7. The drainage device for dam foundation drainage holes according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first flexible element is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the top plate body; and / or A second flexible element is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the base plate.

8. A method of using a drainage device for a dam foundation drainage hole, the method being based on the drainage device according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, include: During the drainage process, the liquid level in the vertical pipe section is observed using the drainage device. When the liquid level in the vertical pipe section is higher than the preset value, the drainage channel becomes blocked, the top plate is separated from the bottom plate, and the blockage in the first groove and the second groove is cleared; After cleaning, the top plate is installed on the bottom plate.

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