A coal mine underground roadway supporting operation method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of coal mine underground roadway supporting operation method, roadway excavation stage, and the single support of the material discharge of the simultaneous transfer, installation of the tunneling transfer machine is used for following excavation operation, mining stage machine lane, and the single support of the simultaneous transfer of the tunneling transfer machine group is used for in realizing coal face, and single support is disassembled, transported, in mining stage air lane, and the single support of the disassembly, transfer of the tunneling transfer machine is used for following mining face advancement, single support can be repeatedly disassembled and utilized, and the technical problems of the safety risk of existing supporting mode, poor economy, low supporting efficiency can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of underground support methods in coal mines, and more specifically, to a construction method for supporting underground roadways in coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] The biggest problem currently hindering coal mine production is low tunneling efficiency and low recovery efficiency caused by the imbalance between tunneling and mining. This imbalance is a major factor affecting tunneling efficiency. To cope with changes in tunnel stress and rock bursts, existing tunnels use a combination of anchors, mesh, cables, and shotcrete for support. This support method is considered invisible, making it difficult to monitor and test its quality and reliability. Sometimes, roof falls occur without obvious warning signs. It is less effective in soft rock tunnels with large deformation, making them prone to deformation and even roof falls, threatening the lives of workers. The anchor bolts, cables, and mesh used in existing support methods are all disposable materials and cannot be reused, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Furthermore, the operation is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, severely restricting the improvement of tunneling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to propose a construction method for underground roadway support in coal mines, which can solve the technical problems of high safety risks, poor economic efficiency and low support efficiency of existing support methods.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: a method for supporting underground roadways in coal mines, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: Tunnel excavation operation. The equipment in the tunnel includes a detachable self-moving shield tunneling machine, a tunneling transfer machine, a single support, a monorail crane, a bridge transfer machine, and a stepping self-moving tail section. When the tunneling equipment starts cutting and excavating, the tunneling transfer machine transports the single support forward and drives the single support to extend and install in place to support the tunnel.

[0006] S2: When the tunnel is excavated to the set distance, the monorail hoist is installed on the top-mounted hoist rail inside the single-unit support. The monorail hoist moves to transfer the single-unit support in its retracted state, and then transfers it to the empty roof area at the rear end of the detachable self-propelled shield tunneling machine via the tunneling transfer machine. The loading and unloading components on the tunneling transfer machine then extend the single-unit support to its extended state. Once the single-unit support installation is completed, the empty roof area is supported in a timely manner. The above single-unit support installation process is repeated to complete the tunnel support operation. During the tunneling process, the hopper at the front end of the tunneling transfer machine connects with the tail of the tunneling equipment transport machine to collect coal and rock, and then transports it to the surface in sequence through the transport mechanism, the bridge transfer machine, and the stepping self-propelled shield tunneling machine tail.

[0007] S3: When the tunnel excavation is completed, the tunneling equipment separates from the self-moving shield, the tunneling equipment moves to the next working face or withdraws from the working face, and the self-moving shield remains at the tunnel face for support;

[0008] S4: The equipment at the longwall mining face includes a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor, and hydraulic supports. The equipment at the end of the longwall mining ventilation roadway near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a tunneling transfer machine, individual supports, and a monorail crane. The equipment at the end of the longwall mining machine roadway near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a longwall mining machine transfer unit, individual supports, and a monorail crane. During longwall mining, the individual supports are disassembled and retracted to a retracted state in the ventilation roadway and machine roadway respectively using the tunneling transfer machine and the longwall mining machine transfer unit, and then transported out of the roadway via the monorail crane. When the individual supports are disassembled and removed from their support positions, the self-propelled shield moves to the support position to provide support, leaving mining space at the front end for the coal mining machine to carry out mining operations. This process of disassembling individual supports is repeated to complete the longwall mining work. During longwall mining, the coal and rock at the working face are transported outwards by the scraper conveyor and the longwall mining machine transfer unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific process of installing the single support using the loading and unloading components on the tunneling transfer machine in steps S1 and S2 is as follows: Control the lifting cylinder to raise the lifting platform to a suitable position, extend the lateral movement cylinder, place the single support beam on the support bracket and hook the single support leg with the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder, drive the clamping cylinder to clamp the single support beam with the clamping component, drive the traveling mechanism to transport the single support to the position to be supported, unlock the single support leg, control the lifting cylinder to raise the single support to the support position, the single support beam connects with the roadway roof and provides an initial support force of 3-5 MPa, unlock the single support beam, control the lateral movement cylinder to push the single support leg outward to move to both sides until the single support leg connects with both sides of the roadway and applies an initial support force of 3-5 MPa to both legs, lock the single support, operate the clamping mechanism to release the single support, control the lifting platform to descend and then control the lateral movement cylinder to retract, completing the installation of the single support.

[0010] Furthermore, the process of disassembling the single support using the loading and unloading components in step S4 of the tunneling transfer machine and the mining machine roadway transfer machine is as follows: control the extension of the lateral movement cylinder, operate the lifting cylinder to raise the lifting platform, so that the support bracket supports the single support beam while the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder hooks the single support leg, control the clamping cylinder to clamp the single support beam, unlock the single support leg, control the lifting platform to lower until the single support leg is lowered to the minimum height, unlock the single support beam, pull the single support beam back to the minimum width size, lock the single support beam and leg, and complete the disassembly of the single support.

[0011] In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects: It uses single-unit supports instead of anchor bolts and cables for support operations and provides a certain initial support force, achieving a full-section shield support method. The single-unit support structure itself is expandable and retractable, and in conjunction with the tunneling transfer machine, the mining machine roadway transfer unit, and the monorail crane, it enables the transportation, installation, and dismantling of single-unit supports throughout the entire tunneling and mining cycle. During tunneling operations, the tunneling transfer machine provides timely support for the unsupported roof area while continuously transporting coal, ensuring safe operation. During mining operations, the tunneling transfer machine and the mining machine roadway transfer unit are rationally arranged to complete the dismantling and transportation of single-unit supports, thereby achieving roadway... The repeated use of roadway support materials results in good economic efficiency. Individual supports provide a safe and reliable support method for roadways, effectively protecting the lives of underground workers. The loading and unloading components on the transfer machines and mining machines have multiple degrees of freedom of movement, including vertical lifting, horizontal extension, forward and backward movement, and rotation. This allows for flexible installation and disassembly with multiple degrees of freedom, reducing operational difficulty and improving support efficiency. The loading and unloading components enable mechanized installation, transportation, and disassembly, reducing manual labor intensity and operational risks, thereby greatly improving support and tunneling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a side view of the coal mine underground roadway support system used to implement the coal mine underground roadway support operation method of the present invention during the tunneling process.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a top-down view of a coal mine underground roadway support system used in implementing the coal mine underground roadway support operation method of the present invention during mining operations.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single support and monorail hoisting device for a coal mine underground roadway support system used to implement a coal mine underground roadway support operation method of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunneling transfer machine for a coal mine underground roadway support system used in implementing a coal mine underground roadway support operation method of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the transfer unit for the mining machine roadway of a coal mine underground roadway support system used in implementing a coal mine underground roadway support operation method of the present invention.

[0017] Figure reference numerals: 1-Separable self-propelled shield tunneling machine; 11-Self-propelled shield; 2-Transfer conveyor for tunneling; 21-Frame; 22-Hopper; 23-Hopper lifting cylinder; 24-Traveling mechanism; 25-Conveying mechanism; 3-Single support; 31-Main crossbeam; 32-Telescopic crossbeam; 33-Upper outrigger; 34-Lower outrigger; 35-L-type support hook; 36-Cable hook; 37-Top-mounted rail; 4-Monorail hoisting device; 5-Bridge transfer conveyor; 6-Stepping self-propelled tail section; 7-Transfer conveyor unit for mining roadways; 8-Loading and unloading components; 81-Base plate; 82-Lifting platform; 83-Linkage mechanism; 84-Support bracket; 85-Fixed clamping part; 86-Clamping component; 87-Clamping cylinder; 88-Rotating cylinder; 89-Transverse cylinder; 810-L-type cylinder hook; 811-Lifting cylinder; 100-Coal mining face; 200-Ventilation roadway; 300-Machine roadway. Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] First, the basic equipment application of this coal mine underground roadway support operation method is introduced: a coal mine underground roadway support system, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a detachable self-propelled shield tunneling machine 1, a tunneling transfer machine 2, a single support 3, a monorail crane 4, a bridge transfer machine 5, a stepping self-propelled tail section 6, and a transfer machine unit for mining roadways 7.

[0020] The detachable self-moving shield tunneling machine 1 includes a detachable tunneling device and a self-moving shield 11. The tunneling device performs cutting operations and transports the coal and rock generated during tunneling. The coal and rock are transported backward by the tail of the tunneling device's transport machine. After the tunnel is excavated, the self-moving shield 11 separates from the tunneling device and serves to support the tunnel face.

[0021] Single-unit stent 3-structure as follows Figure 3As shown, the system includes a crossbeam and two legs supporting the lower ends of the crossbeam. Both the crossbeam and the legs are telescopic structures. The crossbeam includes a central main crossbeam 31 and telescopic crossbeams 32 that are slidably telescopically arranged at both ends of the main crossbeam 31. The legs are located at the outer ends of the telescopic crossbeams 32 and include an upper leg 33 and a lower leg 34 that are slidably telescopically coordinated. The main crossbeam 31 and the telescopic crossbeams 32, as well as the upper leg 33 and the lower leg 34, can be locked together through positioning holes and pins. A top-mounted lifting rail 37 is provided on the lower side of the middle position of the main crossbeam 31, and multiple cable hooks 36 for storing cables are provided on the inner side of the lower leg 34. The single-unit support 3 has an extended state and a retracted state. When the single-unit support 3 is extended, its top is connected to the tunnel roof, its bottom is connected to the tunnel floor, and its sides are connected to the tunnel sidewalls, providing support. Multiple single-unit supports 3 are arranged continuously at intervals of 50mm. The top-mounted lifting rail 37 on the lower side of the crossbeam is used for the installation and movement of the monorail hoisting device 4. When the single support is in the retracted state, the legs and crossbeams of the single support are reduced to their minimum size, and the monorail hoisting device 4 clamps and hoists the retracted single support along the top hoisting rail 37.

[0022] The specific structures of the tunneling transfer machine 2 and the longwall mining machine roadway transfer machine unit 7 are as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, each component is equipped with a loading and unloading assembly 8. The structure of the loading and unloading assembly 8 is described first. The assembly mainly consists of a lifting mechanism, a rotating cylinder 88, a support bracket 84, a clamping assembly, and a transverse cylinder 89. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting platform 82, a base plate 81, and a linkage mechanism 83 and a lifting cylinder 811 located between the base plate 81 and the lifting platform 82. The linkage mechanism 83 includes two inclined, intersecting links, hinged together in the middle. One horizontal end of each link is hinged to the lifting platform 82 and the base plate 81, respectively, while the other horizontal end is hinged to the upper hinge lug and the lower hinge lug, respectively. The upper hinge lug is slidably connected to the lower side of the lifting platform 82, and the lower hinge lug is slidably connected to the upper side of the base plate 81. Two linkage mechanisms 83 are provided, arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the lifting platform 82. A transverse connecting rod is connected at the intersection and hinge point of the two linkage mechanisms 83. The lifting cylinder 811 drives the lifting platform 82 to rise and fall by driving the transverse connecting rod. The two ends of the lifting cylinder 811 are respectively hinged to the transverse connecting rod and the upper side of the base plate 81. A rotary cylinder 88 is located in the middle of the lifting platform. The output shaft of the rotary cylinder 88 is vertically upward. The bracket 84 is mounted on the output shaft of the rotary cylinder 88 and is used to receive the rotation of the rotary cylinder 88. The clamping assembly is located on the bracket support 84 and is used to clamp the crossbeam of the single bracket. The clamping assembly includes a fixed clamping part 85 and a movable clamping part arranged opposite to each other. The movable clamping part is mainly composed of a clamping member 86 and a clamping cylinder 87. The two ends of the clamping cylinder 87 are respectively hinged to the clamping member 86 and the bracket support 84. Under the action of the clamping cylinder 87, the fixed clamping part 85 and the movable clamping part form a clamping space for clamping the crossbeam of the single bracket. The bracket support 84 is used to support the crossbeam of the single bracket. The lifting platform 82 is also equipped with lateral movement cylinders 89 extending to both sides. The outer end of each lateral movement cylinder 89 has an upward-facing L-shaped cylinder hook 810. Correspondingly, the inner side of the upper leg 33 of the single-unit support has a downward-facing L-shaped support hook 35. In use, the L-shaped cylinder hooks 810 form a hook structure, and the L-shaped cylinder hooks 810 and L-shaped support hooks 35 form a hook relationship. The extension and retraction of the single-unit support beam is achieved by pushing and pulling the upper leg of the single-unit support through the telescopic lateral movement cylinders 89. The loading and unloading assembly 8 enables the single-unit support to move up and down, rotate, and extend and retract laterally.

[0023] like Figure 4As shown, the tunneling transfer machine 2 includes a frame 21, a bucket 22, a traveling mechanism 24, and a conveying mechanism 25. The bucket 22 is hinged to the front end of the frame 21. During tunneling operations, the bucket 22 maintains a certain overlap with the tail of the tunneling equipment's transport machine to continuously collect the coal and rock generated during tunneling. The bucket 22 is raised and lowered by a bucket lifting cylinder 23 connected between the frame 21 and the bucket 22, flexibly adjusting the vertical position of the bucket 22 relative to the tail of the tunneling equipment's transport machine. The conveying mechanism 25 is located inside the frame and the bucket, used to transport coal and rock from front to back. A tensioning mechanism is installed inside the bucket at the conveying mechanism 25. The traveling mechanism 24 is located at the bottom of the frame 21. The traveling mechanism 24 includes four polyurethane-filled tires and a hydraulic motor that drives the polyurethane-filled tires to rotate. The polyurethane-filled tires have the advantages of strong cushioning and good pressure resistance, which greatly reduces the maintenance frequency and repair costs of the traveling mechanism when applied in complex underground environments. The loading and unloading assembly 8 is fixedly installed on the frame 21. When in use, the front hopper of the tunneling transfer machine 2 connects with the tail of the tunneling equipment transport machine to collect coal and rock and transport the coal and rock to the rear via the conveying mechanism. Then, the coal and rock are transported outward in sequence via the bridge transfer machine 5 and the stepping self-propelled tail machine 6. It can be used together with the walking mechanism and the loading and unloading assembly to install, unload and transfer individual supports.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, a belt cover plate is installed on the top of the transfer unit 7 for the longwall mining roadway, and the bottom plate 81 of the loading and unloading assembly 8 is slidably connected to the belt cover plate. A drive mechanism for moving the loading and unloading assembly 8 back and forth is installed on the transfer unit 7 for the longwall mining roadway. Figure 5 (Not shown in the diagram), the drive mechanism includes two winches and drive lugs located at the front and rear ends of the lifting platform. The two winches are respectively positioned at the head and tail of the transfer unit. The two winches are connected to the two drive lugs via hinges. In use, the two winches work together to extend and retract the hinges to move the lifting platform forward and backward. The transfer unit 7 for the longwall mining roadway is located inside roadway 300 during longwall mining and is used to transport coal and rock produced by the longwall mining machine. This allows the drive mechanism and loading / unloading components to work together to unload and transfer individual supports.

[0025] Based on the above-mentioned underground roadway support system in coal mines, the specific embodiment 1 of this underground roadway support operation method includes the following steps:

[0026] S1: The equipment within the tunnel excavation operation tunnel (including machine tunnel 300 and ventilation tunnel 200) includes a detachable self-propelled shield tunneling machine, a tunneling transfer machine, a single-unit support, a monorail crane, a bridge-type transfer machine, and a stepping self-propelled tail section. When the tunneling equipment begins cutting and excavating, the tunneling transfer machine transports the single-unit support forward and drives it to extend and install in place to support the tunnel. The specific steps for installing the single-unit support using the loading and unloading components on the tunneling transfer machine are as follows: control the lifting cylinder to raise the lifting platform to a suitable position, extend the lateral movement cylinder, place the single-unit support crossbeam on the support bracket, and hook the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder onto the single-unit support outrigger, then drive... The clamping cylinder clamps the single support beam, and the driving mechanism transports the single support to the support position. The single support legs are unlocked, and the lifting cylinder is controlled to raise the single support to the support position. The single support beam connects with the roadway roof and provides an initial support force of 3-5 MPa. The single support beam is unlocked, and the lateral movement cylinder is controlled to push the single support legs outward to move them to the side walls until the single support legs connect with the side walls of the roadway and apply an initial support force of 3-5 MPa to the two legs. The single support is locked, the clamping mechanism is operated to release the single support, and the lifting platform is controlled to descend and the lateral movement cylinder is controlled to retract, completing the installation of the single support.

[0027] S2: When the tunnel has been excavated to 20m, the monorail hoist is installed on the top rail inside the single-unit support. The monorail hoist moves to transfer the single-unit support in its retracted state. It is then transferred to the empty roof area at the rear of the tail of the detachable self-propelled shield tunneling machine via the tunneling transfer machine. The loading and unloading components on the tunneling transfer machine then extend the single-unit support to its extended state. Once the single-unit support installation is completed, the empty roof area is promptly supported. The above single-unit support installation process is repeated to complete the tunnel support operation. During the tunneling process, the hopper at the front of the tunneling transfer machine connects with the tail of the tunneling equipment transport machine to collect coal and rock, which is then transported to the surface sequentially via the transport mechanism, the bridge transfer machine, and the stepping self-propelled shield tunneling machine tail.

[0028] S3: When the tunnel excavation is completed, the tunneling equipment separates from the self-moving shield. The tunneling equipment moves to the next working face or withdraws from the working face, while the self-moving shield remains at the tunnel face for support.

[0029] S4: The equipment at the longwall face 100 includes a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor, and hydraulic supports. The equipment at the end of the longwall ventilation roadway 200 near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a tunneling transfer machine, individual supports, and a monorail crane. The equipment at the end of the longwall machine roadway 300 near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a longwall machine transfer unit, individual supports, and a monorail crane. During longwall mining, the individual supports are disassembled and retracted to a retracted state in the ventilation roadway and machine roadway respectively via the tunneling transfer machine and the longwall machine transfer unit. The monorail crane transports the components out of the roadway. The dismantling process of the individual support using the loading and unloading assembly is as follows: The lateral movement cylinder extends, the lifting cylinder raises the lifting platform, and the support bracket supports the individual support beam. Simultaneously, the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder hooks the individual support leg. The clamping cylinder clamps the individual support beam, the leg is unlocked, and the lifting platform descends until the leg reaches its minimum height. The beam is then unlocked, pulled back to its minimum width, and locked to complete the dismantling. While the individual support is being dismantled and removed from its support position, a self-propelled shield moves to the support position for support, leaving a mining space at the front for the coal mining machine. This dismantling process is repeated to complete the roadway backfilling. During backfilling, the coal and rock from the working face are transported outwards via a scraper conveyor and a transfer unit in the roadway for the backfilling machine.

[0030] Based on the above structural description and construction method, a support operation method without anchor bolts or anchor cables is provided. A full-section shield support method is achieved through flexibly extendable single-unit supports. The installation, dismantling, and transportation of single-unit supports throughout the entire tunnel excavation and mining cycle are achieved using a monorail crane, a tunneling transfer machine equipped with loading and unloading components, and a mining machine roadway transfer unit. The equipment is rationally distributed. During tunneling operations, the tunneling transfer machine enables parallel operations of support and coal transportation. During mining operations, single-unit supports are dismantled and transported separately in the mining roadway and ventilation roadway using the mining machine roadway transfer unit and the tunneling transfer machine, respectively, improving mining efficiency and maximizing benefits. In this invention, the single-unit supports can be repeatedly dismantled and reused, effectively reducing the cost of tunnel excavation support, resulting in good economic efficiency. Furthermore, the structure itself is reliable and stable, reducing underground safety risks and strongly ensuring the personal safety of workers. In addition, the operation of the loading and unloading support can enable the individual support to move in various forms such as lifting and lowering, horizontal extension and contraction, rotation, and forward and backward movement, which facilitates disassembly and transportation. The operation is simple and requires less manual labor, and the mechanized operation improves the support efficiency and tunneling efficiency.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for supporting underground roadways in coal mines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Tunnel excavation operation. The equipment in the tunnel includes a detachable self-moving shield tunneling machine, a tunneling transfer machine, a single support, a monorail crane, a bridge transfer machine, and a stepping self-moving tail section. When the tunneling equipment starts cutting and excavating, the tunneling transfer machine transports the single support forward and drives the single support to extend and install in place to support the tunnel. S2: When the tunnel has been excavated to the set distance, the monorail hoist is installed on the top-mounted hoist rail inside the individual support. The monorail hoist moves to transfer the retracted individual support, which is then transferred by the tunneling transfer machine to the empty roof area at the rear of the detachable self-propelled shield tunneling machine. The loading and unloading components on the tunneling transfer machine then extend the individual support to its extended state. Once the individual support installation is complete, the empty roof area is promptly supported. This process of installing the individual support is repeated to complete the tunnel excavation. Support operation; During the tunneling process, the hopper at the front of the tunneling transfer machine connects with the tail of the tunneling equipment transport machine to collect coal and rock, and then transports it to the surface in sequence through the transport mechanism, the bridge transfer machine, and the tail of the stepping self-propelled machine. The specific process of installing the single support using the loading and unloading components of the tunneling transfer machine in the above two steps is as follows: control the lifting cylinder to raise the lifting platform to a suitable position, extend the lateral movement cylinder, place the single support beam on the support bracket and hook the single support leg with the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder, drive the clamping cylinder to clamp the single support beam, drive the traveling mechanism to transport the single support to the position to be supported, unlock the single support leg, control the lifting cylinder to raise the single support to the support position, the single support beam connects with the roadway roof and provides an initial support force of 3-5 MPa, unlock the single support beam, control the lateral movement cylinder to push the single support leg outward to move to both sides until the single support leg connects with both sides of the roadway and applies an initial support force of 3-5 MPa to both legs, lock the single support, operate the clamping mechanism to release the single support, control the lifting platform to descend and then control the lateral movement cylinder to retract, and complete the installation of the single support; S3: When the tunnel excavation is completed, the tunneling equipment separates from the self-moving shield, the tunneling equipment moves to the next working face or withdraws from the working face, and the self-moving shield remains at the tunnel face for support; S4: The equipment at the longwall face includes a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor, and hydraulic supports. The equipment at the end of the longwall ventilation roadway near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a tunneling transfer machine, individual supports, and a monorail crane. The equipment at the end of the longwall machine roadway near the coal mining area includes a self-propelled shield, a longwall machine roadway transfer unit, individual supports, and a monorail crane. During longwall mining, the individual supports are disassembled and retracted to a retracted state in the ventilation roadway and machine roadway respectively using the tunneling transfer machine and the longwall machine roadway transfer unit, and then transported out of the roadway via the monorail crane. When the individual supports are disassembled and removed from their support positions, the self-propelled shield moves to the support position to provide support, leaving mining space at the front end for the coal mining machine to perform mining operations. This process of disassembling individual supports is repeated to complete the longwall mining operation. During longwall mining, the coal and rock at the working face are transported outwards by the scraper conveyor and the longwall machine roadway transfer unit. The specific process of disassembling a single support using loading and unloading components for tunneling transfer machines and mining machine roadway transfer units is as follows: control the extension of the lateral movement cylinder, operate the lifting cylinder to raise the lifting platform, so that the support bracket supports the single support beam while the outer end of the lateral movement cylinder hooks the single support leg, control the clamping cylinder to clamp the single support beam, unlock the single support leg, control the lifting platform to lower until the single support leg is lowered to the minimum height, unlock the single support beam, pull the single support beam back to the minimum width size, lock the single support beam and leg, and complete the disassembly of the single support.

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