An off-axis laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a non-collinear laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device and method, belonging to the field of laser-electrolytic composite machining. This device includes an electrolytic cell with an anode fixture fixed on an X-axis moving platform. Above the anode fixture, there is an electrolytic machining system fixed on a Z-axis moving platform and a laser machining system fixed on a Y-axis moving platform. The laser emitted by the laser machining system is vertically irradiated onto the surface of the anode workpiece and forms an included angle controlled by an angle gauge in the same plane as the cathode nozzle. The process of non-collinear laser-electrolytic high-efficiency milling is as follows: The electrolyte is pumped in by a gear pump and flows out from the cathode nozzle. After the jet impacts the surface of the anode workpiece to be machined, it flows out from the water outlet of the electrolytic cell and circulates. The laser emitted by the laser emitter is focused onto the center of the jet on the surface of the anode workpiece to be machined through a galvanometer and a focusing lens. The etching current is connected respectively through the conductive screw on the anode fixture and the cathode wire, and non-collinear laser-electrolytic high-efficiency milling is achieved by combining with the moving platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a non - coaxial laser - electrolysis composite high - efficiency milling device and method, belonging to the field of laser - electrolysis milling machining. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing is a widely used processing method with high processing efficiency and is applicable to almost all materials. Laser processing mainly realizes processing operations such as cutting, welding, and drilling by heat - treating materials. However, processing defects such as recast layers and micro - cracks will inevitably occur during laser processing. Electrochemical milling is a milling method that uses the principle of electrochemistry for processing. Electrochemical milling has advantages such as high processing quality, no tool wear, and the ability to process high - hardness materials. However, the passivation of the electrolytic products on the anode surface during electrochemical milling will seriously affect the electrochemical milling efficiency.

[0003] To meet the actual processing requirements, people adopt coaxial laser - electrolysis composite processing methods and laser - electrolysis combined processing methods to improve the milling efficiency, specifically as follows:

[0004] CN1919514 discloses a coaxial jet liquid beam electrolysis - laser composite processing method and its device, which realizes high - efficiency composite processing mainly based on laser processing and supplemented by jet liquid beam electrolysis through the coaxial processing mode of the laser beam and the jet liquid beam. However, due to the coaxial processing mode, the energy loss of the laser beam in the jet liquid beam is serious, which is not conducive to high - efficiency processing. In addition, when a relatively large laser power is used, the laser beam acting in the electrolyte beam will cause the electrolyte to boil, and the generated bubbles staying in the coaxial jet liquid beam device will affect the efficient progress of laser - electrolysis composite processing.

[0005] CN115007958A discloses a coaxial liquid - guided laser - electrolysis composite processing tool electrode system and milling method. By comprehensively utilizing the negative pressure suction effect of the water - guided laser and the electrolyte return pipe on the mixed electrolyte and the joint action of the auxiliary anode ring, high - efficiency milling processing is realized. However, in the above - mentioned research, due to the reflection and refraction of the laser in the electrolyte beam, the laser energy loss on the anode processing surface is serious, which is not conducive to realizing high - efficiency milling of laser - electrolysis processing. In addition, the auxiliary anode ring in the device will reduce the electric field strength on the surface of the anode workpiece, resulting in a decrease in the processing current, which is not conducive to high - efficiency milling.

[0006] In the 72-79th pages of the first issue of Modern Manufacturing Engineering in 2022, a laser-electrolysis combined micro-machining method was carried out. Using a nanosecond laser processing device and a numerically controlled micro-electrolytic processing device, laser processing and electrolytic processing were carried out in sequence. Electrolytic processing was used to remove the surface remelting layer and splashing particles after laser processing. The research results show that the processing efficiency of laser-electrolysis combined micro-machining is 4.26 times that of micro-electrolytic processing. Although the combined processing of laser and electrolysis improves the processing efficiency to a certain extent, the combined processing of laser and electrolysis increases the clamping process of the workpiece and reduces the overall processing efficiency. At the same time, this method loses the promotion effect of laser thermal effect on electrolytic processing. Therefore, the combined processing of laser and electrolysis has limited effect on laser-electrolysis high-efficiency milling.

[0007] In summary, the existing laser-electrolysis milling methods have certain limitations. Due to the serious energy loss of the laser in the electrolyte beam during the processing, the processing efficiency of laser-electrolysis milling is not high. The existing laser-electrolysis processing often has high requirements for the laser and complex operation processes, and it is difficult to achieve an efficient laser-electrolysis high-efficiency milling method. Therefore, based on the existing research and technology, the present invention proposes a coaxial-offset laser-electrolysis composite high-efficiency milling device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the limitations of the existing technology, the present invention provides a coaxial-offset laser-electrolysis composite high-efficiency milling device and method, aiming to improve the material removal efficiency of laser-electrolysis milling. By adopting the coaxial-offset laser-electrolysis composite processing method, the propagation distance of the laser in the electrolyte is effectively reduced, and the energy loss of the laser is reduced. On this basis, the laser with low energy loss passes through the thin electrolyte film to produce a strong ablation effect on the passivation film on the surface of the anode workpiece, reducing the impedance of the processing interface and improving the electrolysis milling efficiency. In addition, during the coaxial-offset laser-electrolysis composite processing, the lateral jet electrolyte is beneficial to quickly remove the evaporation bubbles caused by the photothermal effect, avoiding the laser reflection and refraction phenomena caused by the bubble blocking the jet pipeline. The laser with low energy loss irradiating on the surface of the anode workpiece will significantly increase the conductivity of the interfacial electrolyte, further improving the material removal efficiency of milling.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] An off-axis laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device, comprising an anode workpiece 2, an anode fixture 3, an electrolytic cell 1, an angle adjuster 9, a laser processing system, an electrolytic processing system, and X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis moving platforms. The electrolytic cell 1 is fixed on the X-axis moving platform 19, and the anode fixture 3 is fixed inside the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolytic cell 1 is provided with an electrolyte outlet. The anode workpiece 2 is fixed on the anode fixture 3, and a laser processing system fixed on the Y-axis moving platform 13 is arranged vertically above the anode workpiece 2. The angle adjuster 9 is fixed on the Z-axis moving platform 12, and an electrolytic processing system is arranged on the angle adjuster 9.

[0011] The laser processing system includes: a laser power supply 18, a laser emitter head 14 fixed on the Y moving platform 13 and connected to the laser power supply 18. The laser emitter head 14 is used for emitting laser 22. A reflector 15 is arranged at the front end of the laser emitter head 14, and a focusing lens 16 parallel to the anode workpiece 2 is placed below the reflector 15. The reflector 15 is connected to a computer.

[0012] The electrolytic processing system includes an electrolyte circulation system and an electrolytic power supply 17. The electrolyte circulation system is connected to the cathode nozzle 11. The positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply 17 is connected to the anode fixture 3, and the cathode nozzle 11 connected to the negative electrode forms a closed loop. The cathode nozzle 11 is connected to a jet extender 10, located at the end of the jet extender 10, and arranged above the anode workpiece 2. The electrolyte circulation system includes the electrolytic cell 1 and an electrolyte pipeline 5 outside the electrolytic cell 1. A filter 4 and a gear pump 6 are arranged on the electrolyte pipeline 5. The cathode nozzle 11 is communicated with the electrolyte through the electrolyte pipeline 5, and the gear pump 6 pumps the electrolyte to flow through the cathode nozzle 11.

[0013] The included angle formed by the laser 22 emitted by the laser processing system and the cathode nozzle 11 in the same plane is controlled by the angle adjuster 9. The laser 22 forms a certain angle with the electrolyte, which can minimize the energy loss of the laser 22 in the electrolyte as much as possible and realize the coupling and efficiency enhancement effect of laser and electrolytic composite processing, thereby improving the milling efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the included angle α between the laser 22 emitted by the laser processing system and the cathode nozzle 11 is 0° < α < 90°.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser emitter head 14, the reflector 15, and the focusing lens 16 are fixed on the Y-axis moving platform 13.

[0016] Furthermore, the jet extender 10 connected to the cathode nozzle 11 is fixed on the angle adjuster 9 through an expansion pipe clamp I 7 and an expansion pipe clamp II 8.

[0017] Further, the angulator 9 is in a plate-like structure, on which there are fixing holes 903, arc notch Ⅰ 901 and arc notch Ⅱ 902, and the arc notch Ⅰ 901 and the arc notch Ⅱ 902 are concentrically designed. The angulator 9 is connected to the Z-axis moving platform 12 through the fixing holes 903.

[0018] Further, the jet extender 10 sequentially passes through the expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ 7 and the expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ 8. When passing through the expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ 7, it is fixed by the fastening bolt a 701 and the fastening nut a 702. When passing through the expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ 8, it is fixed by the fastening bolt b 801 and the fastening nut b 802. After the fastening bolt a 701 and the fastening bolt a 801 pass through the arc notch Ⅰ 901 and the arc notch Ⅱ 902 respectively, the fastening nuts b 702 and b 802 are installed at the tails respectively; the expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ 7 and the expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ 8 adjust the angle of the jet extender 10 by moving synchronously along the two arc notches. After the angle is confirmed, the fastening nuts a 702 and b 802 are tightened for fixation. Further, the anode workpiece 2 is an anode metal substrate.

[0019] A method for efficient milling of a laser-electrolysis composite with different axes. In this method, there is a processing angle between the laser beam and the electrolyte beam. The laser beam only penetrates a thin layer of the electrolyte during processing, reducing the energy loss of the laser in the electrolyte. In addition, the laser irradiates the surface of the anode workpiece through the electrolyte film. On the one hand, the laser ablates the anodic passivation film, greatly reducing the interfacial impedance and improving the efficiency of electrochemical machining. On the other hand, the laser can increase the local electrolyte temperature in the processing area, promoting the increase of the electrolyte conductivity, and thus realizing efficient laser-electrolysis milling. The following steps are implemented:

[0020] 1) The anode workpiece 2 is respectively subjected to rough grinding and fine grinding, and then dried after ultrasonic cleaning; the anode workpiece 2 is fixed by the anode fixture 3, and the anode fixture 3 is placed in the electrolytic cell 1, ensuring that the anode workpiece 2 is higher than the electrolyte outlet set in the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolyte outlet is connected to the electrolyte circulation system to realize the non-immersion jet electrochemical machining of the anode workpiece 2. A laser processing system is arranged above the anode workpiece 2.

[0021] 2) The laser processing parameters are set by a computer, including: laser power, spot position and processing time. The electrolytic cell 1 is controlled to move by the X-axis moving platform 19, and the laser processing system is controlled to move by the Y-axis moving platform 13, so as to realize the planning of the motion trajectory; the prefabrication of the positioning holes is realized on the anode workpiece 2 by laser processing.

[0022] 3) By adjusting the Z-axis moving platform 12 (adjusting the position of the angle adjuster 9 through the Z-axis moving platform 12) and the angle of the cathode nozzle 11, the jet electrolyte beam ejected from the cathode nozzle 11 is made to coincide with the pre-determined positioning hole. Set the electrolysis power supply 17 to the constant voltage working mode, and set the voltage value to the voltage value U required for electrolytic machining. Turn on the electrolysis power supply 17. The jet electrolyte beam forms an electrolyte film 21 on the surface of the anode workpiece 2 and flows back to the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolyte is circulated through the electrolyte outlet and the electrolyte circulation device provided in the electrolytic cell 1.

[0023] 4) Start the laser power supply 18, and make the laser 22 perform laser machining on the anode workpiece 2 through the electrolyte film 21; drive the Y-axis moving platform 13 to achieve horizontal milling machining along the planned motion trajectory at the set feed rate v. At this time, the anode workpiece 2 is milled under the action of laser ablation, electrolytic etching, and jet impact.

[0024] During the machining process, the anode workpiece 2 undergoes an oxidation reaction to generate metal ions. After the metal ions enter the electrolyte, a passivation film 20 is formed on the surface of the anode workpiece 2. The laser 22 irradiates the machining area of the anode workpiece 2 through the electrolyte film 21, and the passivation film 20 on the surface of the anode workpiece 2 is laser-ablated to prevent the further accumulation of the passivation film 20, so that the machining process can continue and efficient milling is achieved.

[0025] 5) When the milling motion trajectory is completed, turn off the electrolysis power supply 17 and the laser power supply 18, stop the electrolyte circulation system at the same time, and unload the anode workpiece 2 to complete the machining.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The present invention provides a cross-axis laser-electrolysis composite high-efficiency milling device and method. By adopting the cross-axis machining method of laser and electrolysis, the propagation distance of the laser in the electrolyte is effectively reduced, and the energy loss of the laser is reduced. On this basis, the low-energy-loss laser passes through the thin electrolyte film to strongly ablate the passivation film on the surface of the anode workpiece, reducing the impedance of the machining interface and improving the electrolytic milling efficiency. In addition, during the cross-axis laser-electrolysis composite machining process, the lateral jet electrolyte is beneficial to quickly remove the evaporation bubbles caused by the photothermal effect, avoiding the laser reflection and refraction phenomena caused by the blockage of the jet pipeline by the bubbles. The irradiation of the low-energy-loss laser on the surface of the anode workpiece will significantly increase the conductivity of the interfacial electrolyte, further improving the material removal efficiency of milling. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the cross-axis laser-electrolysis composite machining device;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the electrolytic machining angle control;

[0030] Figure 3 Rear view for electrolytic machining angle control;

[0031] Figure 4 Front view of the angulator;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the principle of off-axis laser-electrolytic hybrid machining;

[0033] In the figure: 1 electrolytic cell, 2 anode workpiece, 3 anode fixture, 4 filter, 5 electrolyte pipeline, 6 gear pump, 7 expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ, 8 expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ, 9 angulator, 10 jet extender, 11 cathode nozzle, 12 Z-axis moving platform, 13 Y-axis moving platform, 14 laser emitter head, 15 reflector, 16 focusing lens, 17 electrolytic power supply, 18 laser power supply, 19 X-axis moving platform, 20 passivation layer, 21 liquid film, 22 laser;

[0034] 701 fastening bolt a, 702 fastening nut a, 801 fastening bolt b, 802 fastening nut b, 901 arc notch Ⅰ, 902 arc notch Ⅱ, 903 fixing hole. Specific implementation manner

[0035] The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the technical solution and the drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 Three-dimensional view of the off-axis laser-electrolytic hybrid machining device. The device includes an anode workpiece 2, an anode fixture 3, an electrolytic cell 1, and an angulator 9. The electrolytic cell 1 is fixed on the X-axis moving platform 19, and the anode fixture 3 is fixed inside the electrolytic cell 1. The anode workpiece 2 is fixed on the anode fixture 3. Above the anode workpiece 2 perpendicularly, a laser emitter head 14 connected to the laser power supply 18 and fixed on the Y-axis moving platform 13 is provided. A reflector 15 and a focusing lens 16 are arranged at the front end of the laser emitter head 14. The reflector 15 is connected to a computer. The angulator 9 is fixed on the Z-axis moving platform 12, and a jet extender 10 and an electrolytic power supply 17 connected to the cathode nozzle 11 are arranged on the angulator 9. The positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply 17 is connected to the anode fixture 3 and forms a closed loop with the cathode nozzle 11 connected to the negative electrode. The electrolytic cell 1 is connected to the filter 4 through the electrolyte pipeline 5. The filter 4 is connected to the gear pump 6, and the gear pump 6 pumps the electrolyte to flow through the cathode nozzle 11 connected to the jet extender 10. The laser 22 emitted by the laser machining system and the cathode nozzle 11 form an included angle controlled by the angulator 9 in the same plane.

[0037] Figure 2It is a three - dimensional view for the angle control of electrolytic machining. The cathode nozzle 11 and the jet extender 10 are connected by threads. The jet extender 10 passes through the expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ7 and is fixed by the fastening bolt a701 and the fastening nut a702. The jet extender 10 passes through the expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ8 and is fixed by the fastening bolt b801 and the fastening nut b802.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a rear view for the angle control of electrolytic machining. The expansion pipe clamp Ⅰ7 and the expansion pipe clamp Ⅱ8 respectively pass through the arc notch Ⅰ901 and the arc notch Ⅱ902 on the angle device and are connected by the fastening nut a702 and the fastening nut b802.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a front view of the angle device 9. The angle device 9 is provided with a fixing hole 903, an arc notch Ⅰ901 and an arc notch Ⅱ902. The arc notch Ⅰ901 and the arc notch Ⅱ902 are concentrically designed. The angle device 9 is connected to the Z - axis moving platform 12 through the fixing hole 903.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of off - axis laser - electrolytic hybrid machining of the present invention. The laser 22 passes through the focusing lens 16 and acts together with the electrolyte sprayed by the cathode nozzle 11 on the same area of the surface of the anode workpiece 2. The passivation film 20 generated by electrolytic machining adheres to the surface of the anode workpiece 2. As the machining area changes during the milling process, the laser 22 burns the passivation film 21 on the surface of the anode workpiece 2 through the electrolyte film 21, preventing the further accumulation of the passivation film 21, so that the machining process can continue and high - efficiency milling can be realized.

[0041] The off - axis laser - electrolytic hybrid high - efficiency milling method realized based on the above device includes the following specific steps:

[0042] 1) The anode workpiece 2 is respectively subjected to rough grinding and fine grinding, ultrasonically cleaned and then dried. The anode workpiece 2 is fixed by the anode fixture 3, and the anode fixture 3 is placed in the electrolytic cell 1, ensuring that the anode workpiece 2 is higher than the electrolyte outlet set in the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolyte outlet is connected to the filter 4. The filter 4 can filter the electrolytic products generated during machining. The filter 4 is connected to the gear pump 6 to pump the filtered electrolyte into the jet extender 10, and the flow rate of the electrolyte is controlled to be 10m / s. Finally, the electrolyte is sprayed through the cathode nozzle 11 to realize the non - immersion jet electrolytic machining of the anode workpiece 2. A laser processing system is arranged above the anode workpiece 2.

[0043] 2) The laser processing parameters are set by a computer. Among them: the laser power is 10W, the light spot is 30µm in diameter, the processing time is 1s. The laser processing system and the electrolytic machining system are controlled to move by the Y - axis moving platform 13, and the milling speed is set to 1mm / s. The positioning hole is pre - fabricated on the anode workpiece 2 by laser processing.

[0044] 3) By adjusting the Z-axis moving platform 12 (adjusting the position of the angulator 9 through the Z-axis moving platform 12) and the angle of the cathode nozzle 11, make the jet electrolyte beam ejected from the cathode nozzle 11 coincide with the pre-set positioning hole, and keep the vertical distance between the cathode nozzle 11 and the anode workpiece 2 at 0.1 mm. The angle between the laser 22 emitted from the center of the focusing mirror 16 and the electrolyte ejected from the cathode nozzle 11 is 45°. Set the electrolysis power supply 17 to the constant voltage working mode, and set the voltage value to the voltage value U = 30 V required for electrolytic machining. Turn on the electrolysis power supply 17. The jet electrolyte beam forms an electrolyte film 21 on the surface of the anode workpiece 2, and flows back to the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolyte is circulated through the electrolyte outlet and filter 4, gear pump 6, jet extender 10, and electrolyte pipeline 5 provided in the electrolytic cell 1.

[0045] 4) Start the laser power supply 18, set the laser power to 30 W, the laser scanning range to a circle with a diameter of 0.5 mm, the spacing of the filling lines in the circle to 0.03 mm, the processing time to 70 s, and make the laser 22 perform laser machining on the anode workpiece 2 through the electrolyte film 21; drive the Y-axis moving platform 13 to achieve horizontal milling at the set milling speed v = 1 mm / s. At this time, the anode workpiece 2 is milled under the action of laser ablation, electrolytic etching, and jet impact.

[0046] During the machining process, the anode metal substrate undergoes an oxidation reaction to generate metal ions. After the metal ions enter the electrolyte, a passivation film 20 is formed on the surface of the anode workpiece 2. The laser 22 irradiates the machining area of the anode workpiece 2 through the electrolyte film 21, and the passivation film 20 on the surface of the anode workpiece 2 is laser-ablated to prevent the further accumulation of the passivation film 20, so that the machining process can continue and efficient milling can be achieved.

[0047] 5) When the milling motion trajectory is completed, turn off the electrolysis power supply 17 and the laser power supply 18, stop the electrolyte circulation system at the same time, and unload the anode workpiece 2 to complete the machining.

[0048] Using this method can significantly improve the laser-electrolytic milling efficiency. Under the conditions of an electrolytic machining voltage of 30 V, a milling speed of 1 mm / s, a milling length of 10 mm, an electrolyte of saturated sodium chloride solution, a laser power of 30 W, a distance between the cathode nozzle and the anode workpiece of 0.1 mm, and a processing time of 70 s, an off-axis laser-electrolytic composite milling experiment is carried out. The material removal efficiency of the off-axis laser-electrolytic composite milling of micro-grooves is 5.25 mm 3 / min. Compared with the coaxial laser electrolysis composite machining method carried out in the literature No. 103569, Volume 155, 2020 of the *International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture* (the material removal rate is 0.6 mm 3 / min), the material removal rate is increased by 8.75 times. It can be seen that the method of the present invention can achieve high-efficiency milling of laser-electrolysis.

[0049] The above embodiments only represent the implementation modes of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-coaxial laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device, characterized in that, The described device includes an anode workpiece (2), an anode fixture (3), an electrolytic cell (1), an angle gauge (9), a laser processing system, an electrolytic processing system, an X-axis moving platform, a Y-axis moving platform, and a Z-axis moving platform. The Z-axis moving platform is arranged on the Y-axis moving platform. The electrolytic cell (1) is fixed on the X-axis moving platform (19), and the anode fixture (3) is fixed inside the electrolytic cell (1). The electrolytic cell (1) is provided with an electrolyte outlet. The anode workpiece (2) is fixed on the anode fixture (3), and a laser processing system fixed on the Y-axis moving platform (13) is arranged vertically above the anode workpiece (2). The angle gauge (9) is fixed on the Z-axis moving platform (12), and an electrolytic processing system is arranged on the angle gauge (9). The laser processing system includes: a laser power supply (18), a laser emitter head (14) connected to the laser power supply (18) and fixed on the Y moving platform (13), a front mirror (15) and a focusing mirror (16) of the laser emitter head (14), and the mirror (15) is connected to a computer. The electrolytic processing system includes an electrolyte circulation system and an electrolytic power supply (17). The positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply (17) is connected to the anode fixture (3), and a cathode nozzle (11) connected to the negative electrode forms a closed loop. The cathode nozzle (11) is connected to a jet extender (10), is located at the end of the jet extender (10), and is arranged above the anode workpiece (2). The electrolyte circulation system includes the electrolytic cell (1) and an electrolyte pipeline (5) outside the electrolytic cell (1). A filter (4) and a gear pump (6) are arranged on the electrolyte pipeline (5). The cathode nozzle (11) is communicated with the electrolyte through the electrolyte pipeline (5), and the electrolyte is pumped through the gear pump (6) to flow through the cathode nozzle (11) to achieve external circulation. The laser (22) emitted by the laser processing system and the cathode nozzle (11) form an included angle in the same plane controlled by the angle gauge (9). The laser (22) forms a certain angle with the electrolyte, which can reduce energy loss and achieve the coupling and efficiency enhancement effect of laser and electrolytic compound processing, improving the milling efficiency.

2. The coaxial laser-electrolysis composite high-efficiency milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle α between the laser (22) emitted by the laser processing system and the cathode nozzle (11) is 0° < α < 90°.

3. The coaxial laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mirror (15) is arranged at the front end of the laser emitter head (14), and a focusing mirror (16) parallel to the anode workpiece (2) is placed below the mirror (15).

4. An off-axis laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet extender (10) connected to the cathode nozzle (11) is fixed on the angle gauge (9) through an expansion pipe clamp I (7) and an expansion pipe clamp II (8). The angle gauge (9) is of a plate-like structure, and is provided with a fixing hole (903), an arc notch I (901) and an arc notch II (902). The arc notch I (901) and the arc notch II (902) are concentrically designed. The angle gauge (9) is connected to the Z-axis moving platform (12) through the fixing hole (903).

5. An off-axis laser-electrolytic composite high-efficiency milling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The described jet extender (10) sequentially passes through the expansion pipe clamp I (7) and the expansion pipe clamp II (8). When passing through the expansion pipe clamp I (7), it is fixed by the fastening bolt a (701) and the fastening nut a (702). When passing through the expansion pipe clamp II (8), it is fixed by the fastening bolt b (801) and the fastening nut b (802). After the fastening bolt a (701) and the fastening bolt b (801) respectively pass through the arc-shaped notch I (901) and the arc-shaped notch II (902), the fastening nuts a (702) and the fastening nuts b (802) are respectively installed at the tail ends. The expansion pipe clamp I (7) and the expansion pipe clamp II (8) adjust the angle of the jet extender (10) by synchronously moving along the two arc-shaped notches. After the angle is confirmed, the fastening nuts a (702) and the fastening nuts b (802) are tightened to fix.

6. A method for high-efficiency milling of a laser-electrolysis composite with non-coaxial axes implemented by the device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, In the described method, there is a processing angle between the laser beam and the electrolyte beam, and the laser beam only penetrates a thin layer of the electrolyte during processing. In addition, the laser irradiates the surface of the anode workpiece through the electrolyte film. On the one hand, the laser ablates the anodic passivation film, improving the efficiency of electrochemical machining. On the other hand, the laser increases the local electrolyte temperature in the processing area, realizing laser-assisted electrochemical high-efficiency milling. The following steps are realized: 1) The anode workpiece (2) is respectively subjected to rough grinding and fine grinding treatments, and then dried after ultrasonic cleaning. The anode workpiece (2) is fixed by the anode fixture (3), and the anode fixture (3) is placed in the electrolytic cell (1), ensuring that the anode workpiece (2) is higher than the electrolyte outlet set in the electrolytic cell (1). The electrolyte outlet is connected to the electrolyte circulation system to realize the non-immersion jet electrochemical machining of the anode workpiece (2). A laser processing system is arranged above the anode workpiece (2). 2) The laser processing parameters are set by a computer, including: laser power, spot position, and processing time. The electrolytic cell (1) is controlled to move by the X-axis moving platform (19), and the laser processing system is controlled to move by the Y-axis moving platform (13), thereby realizing the planning of the motion trajectory. The prefabrication of the positioning holes is realized on the anode workpiece (2) by laser processing. 3) By adjusting the angle of the Z-axis moving platform (12) and the cathode nozzle (11), the jet electrolyte beam ejected by the cathode nozzle (11) is made to coincide with the prefabricated positioning holes. The electrolytic power supply (17) is set to the constant voltage working mode, and the voltage value is set to the voltage value U required for electrochemical machining. The electrolytic power supply (17) is turned on. The jet electrolyte beam forms an electrolyte film (21) on the surface of the anode workpiece (2), and flows back to the electrolytic cell (1) to realize the circulation of the electrolyte through the electrolyte outlet and the electrolyte circulation device set in the electrolytic cell (1). 4) The laser power supply (18) is started, and the laser (22) irradiates the anode workpiece (2) through the electrolyte film (21). The Y-axis moving platform (13) is driven to realize horizontal milling processing at a set feed rate v according to the planned motion trajectory. At this time, the anode workpiece (2) realizes milling processing under the action of laser ablation, electrochemical etching, and jet impact. During the machining process, an oxidation reaction occurs on the anode workpiece (2) to generate metal ions. After the metal ions enter the electrolyte, a passivation film (20) is formed on the surface of the anode workpiece (2). The laser (22) irradiates the machining area of the anode workpiece (2) through the electrolyte film (21), and the laser ablates the passivation film (20) on the surface of the anode workpiece (2) to prevent the further accumulation of the passivation film (20), thereby enabling the machining process to continue and achieving efficient milling; 5) After the milling motion trajectory is completed, turn off the electrolysis power supply (17) and the laser power supply (18), stop the electrolyte circulation system at the same time, remove the anode workpiece (2), and complete the machining.

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