Zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning

Abstract

The present invention discloses a zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning, comprising a base, a positioning shaft, and a positioning ring; the positioning shaft comprises a first shaft segment, a second shaft segment, and a third shaft segment, the diameter of the second shaft segment being larger than that of the first shaft segment, the second shaft segment being tapered and extending into the center hole of the part for zero-clearance fit; a stepped through hole is provided on the base for mounting the first and second shaft segments of the positioning shaft; the positioning ring fits the end face of the part, and the positioning ring has an inner hole and a U-shaped angular positioning hole, the inner hole being sleeved on the second shaft segment of the positioning shaft, and rotating the part can match the position of any pin hole with the U-shaped angular positioning hole, and the base is provided with an angular hole; the tooling also comprises a pressure plate mechanism and a pin pressing mechanism, the pressure plate mechanism being used to apply vertical pressure to the positioning ring to compress the part, and the pin pressing mechanism being used to align the U-shaped angular positioning hole and the pin hole to vertically press the pin into the pin hole. The tooling provides guidance and positioning for pin assembly, so that the pin assembly can meet the precision technical requirements of the part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pin assembly, in particular to a zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning. Background Art

[0002] Many parts in the field of aircraft engines need to be installed with pins, such as the Figure 8 and Figure 9 The guide cover shown in the figure needs to combine three special-shaped pins and the guide cover into one piece during the processing, and the symmetry requirements must be ensured after the combination.

[0003] Traditional assembly processes lack dedicated assembly devices, making it impossible to assemble and process to meet the drawing requirements. First, the special-shaped pins lack guidance, making operation difficult. Second, the special-shaped pins lack positioning, which can easily lead to skew after assembly. Third, the assembled guide cover plate will lack proper symmetry due to the special-shaped pin assembly, directly affecting the proper assembly of other parts and ultimately affecting the assembly performance and service life of the entire component. Therefore, pin assembly, which requires precise technical requirements such as symmetry, has always been a bottleneck in the industry.

[0004] Patent Publication No. CN212825096U discloses a cylindrical pin assembly tool, comprising a clamping screw, a pushing mechanism, and a U-shaped frame. The U-shaped frame has a threaded hole at one end and a through hole at the other end. The bottom of the through hole is threaded and coaxial with the threaded hole. The clamping screw extends through one end of the threaded hole of the U-shaped frame, and a through hole is provided in the clamping screw. The pushing mechanism is fixedly installed in the clamping screw. Although this utility model addresses the problem that traditional cylindrical pin assembly methods have low efficiency and a large number of uncontrollable risks during installation, such as excessive force or slight deviation in the direction of force, which may cause the cylindrical pin to fail and the part to be scrapped, it chooses to tighten the clamping screw to drive the ejector pin to press the cylindrical pin into the installation hole to complete the assembly. The operation is simple and easy to use, and the assembly efficiency and quality are improved. However, the technical solution of this utility model only considers the problem of pin installation and does not address the problem of precise positioning of the pin. That is, there is no guidance for the pin before installation and no positioning of the pin during installation. Therefore, the technical solution of this utility model cannot solve the above-mentioned industry bottlenecks.

[0005] The patent with announcement number CN217669168U discloses a device for assembling pins and controlling their symmetry, including a sleeve and a core rod, a limiting groove on the sleeve, a sleeve rod installed in the sleeve via a positioning pin, a square hole at one end of the sleeve rod, a square head at one end of the core rod that docks with the square hole at one end of the sleeve rod, and a step at the other end of the core rod for pressing the convex step on the inner wall of the socket shell; a pin avoidance opening is provided on the core rod. This utility model locates and docks on both sides and relies on the precision connection of the tooling itself to ensure that the symmetry between the key and the pin is always within the tolerance control range after the pin is crimped, eliminating the need for process inspection and reducing secondary damage to the plug assembly. Although this utility model can precisely position the pin, there is no guidance before positioning, and the assembly object of the pin in this patent is completely different from the part structure on the aircraft engine and cannot be fully applied. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a zero-gap auxiliary tooling for pin positioning that guides, positions and precisely assembles the pins in sequence, and the tooling can significantly improve production efficiency while ensuring the quality of pin assembly.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning, wherein the pin is installed in a pin hole of a part having a center hole, and the tooling comprises a base, a positioning shaft and a positioning ring;

[0009] The positioning shaft is a three-section structure including a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section in sequence. The diameter of the second shaft section is larger than the diameter of the first shaft section and the diameter of the third shaft section respectively. The second shaft section has a taper and extends into the center hole of the part to form a zero-clearance fit.

[0010] The base provides overall support for the parts and the tooling, and a stepped through hole is provided on the base for mounting the first and second shaft sections of the positioning shaft;

[0011] The positioning ring is fitted with the end face of the part, and the positioning ring has an inner hole, which is sleeved on the second shaft section of the positioning shaft. The positioning ring is provided with a U-shaped angular positioning hole. Rotating the part can make any pin hole match the position of the U-shaped angular positioning hole to prepare for subsequent pin pressing in; the base is provided with a through hole at the position corresponding to the U-shaped angular positioning hole as an angular hole;

[0012] The tooling also includes a pressure plate mechanism and a pin pressing mechanism. The pressure plate mechanism is used to apply vertical pressure to the positioning ring to press the part, and the pin pressing mechanism is used to align the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring and the pin hole of the part to vertically press the pin into the pin hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the taper of the second shaft segment is 3° to 5°.

[0014] Furthermore, the second shaft segment and the inner hole of the positioning ring are clearance-fitted.

[0015] Furthermore, the first shaft segment and the stepped through hole of the base are clearance-matched.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure plate mechanism includes a pressure plate, a pressure plate support and a press-in connector. One end of the pressure plate is overlapped on the end face of the positioning ring and the other end is supported by the pressure plate support. A connecting hole is provided on the pressure plate, and a locking hole is provided on the base at a position corresponding to the pressure plate connecting hole. The press-in connector passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the locking hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the pressure plate support member includes a support screw and an adjusting nut. The base is provided with a threaded hole for the support screw to be screwed in, and the adjusting nut is used to lock the support screw.

[0018] Furthermore, the end surface of the positioning ring away from the base is a step end surface including an upper step and a lower step, and the pressure plate mechanism is in contact with the lower step.

[0019] Furthermore, the pin pressing mechanism includes a pressure rod for pressing the pin downward, and also includes a guide block for guiding the downward displacement of the pressure rod. The guide block has a guide hole for the pressure rod to pass through. The base is provided with a support, and the guide block is installed on the support.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure rod is a threaded rod, and the guide hole of the guide block is a threaded hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the guide block is hinged on the support.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) The second shaft section of the positioning shaft is designed with a tapered structure. The tapered end moves down slowly to fully contact the center hole of the part, achieving zero-clearance positioning, which is beneficial for the position guidance and positioning of the subsequent pin assembly;

[0024] 2) A U-shaped angular positioning hole is provided on the positioning ring and an angular hole is provided on the base. On the one hand, a pin is inserted into the angular positioning hole before the pin is positioned to determine the angular direction before assembly. On the other hand, it is used to guide the pin to ensure the position and angular direction of the pin after assembly.

[0025] 3) The pin pressing mechanism gradually presses the pin down under the guidance of the guide block through a pressure rod in the form of a threaded rod, which can effectively prevent the pin from being skewed during the process of being inserted into the pin hole;

[0026] 4) The tooling can ensure that the installation and positioning of parts on the tooling are simple, fast and stable. The pin pressing mechanism can quickly align the pin and press it vertically downward. The tooling provides good guidance and positioning for the pin assembly, so that the pin assembly can meet the precise technical requirements of the parts and ensure the quality of the parts. Compared with the traditional pin assembly process, the pin assembly efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A top view of the zero-gap auxiliary tooling according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle HH section;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning shaft according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A top view of the positioning ring according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Middle EE cross-section;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Middle KK cross-section;

[0033] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of the pin pressing mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A top view of the guide cover plate in the background technology and embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the guide cover plate in the background technology and embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the technical solution is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment takes a guide cover plate part on an aircraft engine as an example. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, part A has Center hole and three Pin holes need to be installed with special-shaped pins (hereinafter referred to as pins), and the symmetry of the special-shaped pins relative to the index circle of the pin holes must be ensured. It is extremely difficult to achieve the symmetry requirement of the pin installation by relying on traditional operations. This embodiment provides a method such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning shown here guides, positions and assembles the pins by supporting, positioning and fixing the parts to ensure the quality of part assembly.

[0043] The tooling comprises a base 1, a positioning shaft 2 and a positioning ring 3; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the positioning shaft 2 is a three-section structure including a first shaft section 21, a second shaft section 22 and a third shaft section 23, wherein the diameter of the second shaft section 22 is larger than the diameter of the first shaft section 21 and the diameter of the third shaft section 23, and the second shaft section 22 is tapered and extends into the part. Specifically, the taper of the second shaft section 22 is designed to be 3° to 5°. The third shaft section 23 of the positioning shaft is designed to facilitate manual operation of the positioning shaft.

[0044] See the base structure Figure 1 As shown, the base 1 provides overall support for the parts and tooling, and a stepped through hole 11 is provided on the base 1 for installation of the first shaft segment 21 and part of the second shaft segment of the positioning shaft. The first shaft segment 21 is clearance-matched with the stepped through hole 11 on the base. Because the second shaft segment 22 is designed with a taper to ensure zero clearance with the parts, the depth of the portion of the stepped through hole 11 for installation of the second shaft segment is larger, so that the positioning shaft 2 can be pressed down as much as possible in the stepped through hole 11.

[0045] The installation method of the parts on the tooling is as follows: the parts are sleeved on the outer periphery of the second shaft section 22 of the positioning shaft, the positioning ring 3 fits the end face of the parts, and the base 1 and the positioning ring 3 clamp the parts. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the positioning ring has an inner hole 31, which is sleeved on the second shaft section 22 of the positioning shaft with a small clearance fit. The positioning ring 3 is provided with a U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 and two waist-shaped holes 33. The positions of the U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 and the waist-shaped holes 33 correspond one to one with the positions of the three pin holes on the part. The U-shaped opening of the U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 is arranged radially, and its U-shaped end structure is exactly the same as the pin hole structure. Rotating the part can make any pin hole match the position of the U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 to prepare for the subsequent pin to be pressed in. The U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 plays the role of determining the angular direction before the pin is positioned by inserting a pin into the angular positioning hole before the pin is assembled. On the other hand, it is used to guide the pin to ensure the position and angular direction of the pin after assembly. The purpose of setting the two waist-shaped holes 33 is: when a pin is installed in a pin hole (the pin will protrude slightly from the upper end surface of the part), the part needs to be rotated to match the other pin hole and the U-shaped angular positioning hole, the waist-shaped hole is used to avoid the protruding part of the pin.

[0046] The tooling also includes a pressing plate mechanism 4 and a pin pressing mechanism 5, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pressure plate mechanism 4 is used to apply vertical pressure to the positioning ring 3 to compress the component, and the pin pressing mechanism 5 is used to align the U-shaped angular positioning hole 32 of the positioning ring with the pin hole of the component and vertically press the pin into the pin hole. The pressure plate mechanisms 4 are evenly arranged at three locations around the positioning ring 3.

[0047] The pressure plate mechanism 4 includes a pressure plate 41, a pressure plate support 42, and a press-in connector 43. One end of the pressure plate 41 overlaps the end face of the positioning ring 3, and the other end is supported by the pressure plate support 42. A connection hole 411 is provided on the pressure plate 41. Preferably, the connection hole 411 is designed as a waist hole to facilitate adjustment of the overlap amount of the pressure plate 41 on the positioning ring 3. A locking hole is provided on the base 1 at a position corresponding to the pressure plate connection hole 411. The locking hole is generally a threaded hole. The press-in connector 43 is generally selected as a screw. The press-in connector 43 passes through the connection hole 411 and is connected to the locking hole. The pressure plate support 42 includes a support screw 421 and an adjusting nut 422. The base 1 is also provided with a threaded hole for the support screw 421 to be screwed in. The adjusting nut 422 is used to lock the support screw 421. The screwing depth of the support screw 421 into the threaded hole on the base is based on the principle of ensuring that both ends of the pressure plate 41 are in a horizontal state when supported by the positioning ring 3 and the pressure plate support member 42.

[0048] In order to make the contact area between the positioning ring 3 and the second shaft section 22 of the positioning shaft larger to ensure the installation stability of the positioning ring, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the end surface of the positioning ring 3 away from the base can be designed as a step end surface including an upper step 34 and a lower step 35 , wherein the pressure plate mechanism 4 is in contact with the lower step 35 .

[0049] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the pin pressing mechanism 5 includes a pressure rod 51 for pressing the pin downward, and also includes a guide block 52 for guiding the downward displacement of the pressure rod. The guide block 52 has a guide hole for the pressure rod 51 to pass through. A support 55 is fixed to the base 1 through a threaded connector 53 and a cylindrical pin 54, and the guide block 52 is installed on the support 55.

[0050] In this embodiment, the pressure rod 51 is a threaded rod, and the guide hole in the guide block 52 is a threaded hole. An operating handle 56 is fixed to the end of the pressure rod 51. By rotating the operating handle 56, the pressure rod 51 is gradually rotated downward within the guide hole to contact and depress the pin. The end of the pressure rod 51 facing the pin hole has a press-in end adapted to the size of the pin hole, so that the press-in end can smoothly enter the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring to depress the pin.

[0051] In order to realize the convenience of operation of the tooling, it is preferred to hinge the guide block 52 on the support 55, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the top of the support 55 is slotted, and the guide block 52 is embedded in the slot. The end of the guide block away from the center of the tooling is in an arc structure. A hinge shaft 57 is provided in the center of the arc structure to articulate the guide block 52 with the support 55. At this time, the guide block 52 can rotate in a vertical plane. The bottom of the slot at the top of the support 55 is designed to ensure that the guide block 52 is in a horizontal state when it rotates to contact the bottom of the slot. The guide block 52 is provided with a waist-shaped slot 58, and the support is provided with a screw hole at the position corresponding to the waist-shaped slot 58. Before the pin pressing mechanism presses the pin, the position of the guide block 52 needs to be fixed. Therefore, it is necessary to screw a screw 59 into the waist-shaped slot 58 and the screw hole to fix the guide block 52. The screw 59 is further selected as a square head screw, and when the square head of the square head screw is rotated to be parallel to the waist-shaped slot 58, the guide block 52 can rotate directly without interfering with the square head screw.

[0052] The following describes the process of positioning the tooling-assisted pins in this embodiment:

[0053] First, install the part on the supporting surface of the base, then insert the first and second shaft sections of the positioning shaft into the stepped through hole of the base. At this time, the second shaft section is located in the center hole of the part. The positioning ring is also inserted into the second shaft section and the positioning ring is in contact with the upper end surface of the part.

[0054] Insert a pin into the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring, then pass through the pin hole of the part to reach the corresponding angular hole of the base, and then move the positioning shaft downward to align its tapered surface with the part. The center hole is fully in contact, that is, all positioning gaps are eliminated to achieve zero-gap positioning; the support screw is adjusted to the appropriate height (that is, the pressure plate is horizontal) by loosening the adjusting nut and then locked, and then tightened to press the connector, and push the corresponding pressure plate to press the lower step of the positioning ring to indirectly press the parts.

[0055] Remove the pin, install a pin into the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring, rotate the guide block to make it contact with the bottom of the groove of the support, pass the threaded end of the square head screw through the waist-shaped groove of the guide block and tighten it into the screw hole of the support (the square head of the square head screw will eventually be located above the waist-shaped hole and can limit the rotation of the guide block), fix the guide block, screw the pressure rod into the guide hole of the guide block, turn the operating handle, drive the pressure rod to move downward through the threaded pair, push the upper end of the pin under the pressure of the pressure rod, make it move downward together, and finally assemble the pin into the pin hole of the part.

[0056] Loosen the pressure plate, rotate the parts and the positioning shaft, rotate the pin hole of the unassembled special-shaped pin to the position of the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring, use the pin to reposition the angular direction, and repeat the above operation to complete the combination of all special-shaped pins.

[0057] The tooling of the present invention solves the technical bottleneck problems in traditional pin assembly operations, such as the lack of guidance for special-shaped pins, which makes the operation difficult; the lack of positioning, which causes the special-shaped pins to be skewed after assembly; and the unqualified symmetry of the special-shaped pins after assembly. It can effectively ensure product quality and significantly improve production efficiency.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the pressure plate support member is a support block placed on the base, and the height of the support block is just enough to keep the pressure plate level.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the guide block and the support are not hinged, but are directly connected by screws.

[0062] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-clearance auxiliary tool for pin positioning, wherein the pin is installed in a pin hole of a part having a center hole, characterized in that: The tooling includes a base, a positioning shaft and a positioning ring; The positioning shaft is a three-section structure including a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section in sequence. The diameter of the second shaft section is larger than the diameter of the first shaft section and the diameter of the third shaft section respectively. The second shaft section has a taper and extends into the center hole of the part to form a zero-clearance fit. The base provides overall support for the parts and the tooling, and a stepped through hole is provided on the base for mounting the first and second shaft sections of the positioning shaft; The positioning ring is fitted with the end face of the part, and the positioning ring has an inner hole, which is sleeved on the second shaft section of the positioning shaft. The positioning ring is provided with a U-shaped angular positioning hole. Rotating the part can make any pin hole match the position of the U-shaped angular positioning hole to prepare for subsequent pin pressing in; the base is provided with a through hole at the position corresponding to the U-shaped angular positioning hole as an angular hole; The tooling also includes a pressure plate mechanism and a pin pressing mechanism. The pressure plate mechanism is used to apply vertical pressure to the positioning ring to press the part, and the pin pressing mechanism is used to align the U-shaped angular positioning hole of the positioning ring and the pin hole of the part to vertically press the pin into the pin hole.

2. The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper of the second shaft segment is 3° to 5°.

3. The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second shaft segment and the inner hole of the positioning ring are clearance-fitted.

4. The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shaft segment and the stepped through hole of the base are clearance-matched.

5. The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate mechanism includes a pressure plate, a pressure plate support and a press-in connector. One end of the pressure plate is overlapped on the end face of the positioning ring and the other end is supported by the pressure plate support. A connecting hole is provided on the pressure plate, and a locking hole is provided on the base at a position corresponding to the pressure plate connecting hole. The press-in connector passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the locking hole.

6. The zero-clearance auxiliary tool for pin positioning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure plate support member includes a support screw and an adjusting nut. A threaded hole is provided on the base for the support screw to be screwed in, and the adjusting nut is used to lock the support screw.

7. The zero-clearance auxiliary tool for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the positioning ring away from the base is a step end surface including an upper step and a lower step, and the pressure plate mechanism is in contact with the lower step.

8. The zero-clearance auxiliary tooling for pin positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin pressing mechanism includes a pressure rod for pressing the pin downward, and also includes a guide block for guiding the downward displacement of the pressure rod. The guide block has a guide hole for the pressure rod to pass through. The base is provided with a support, and the guide block is installed on the support.

9. The zero-clearance auxiliary tool for pin positioning according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure rod is a threaded rod, and the guide hole of the guide block is a threaded hole.

10. The zero-clearance auxiliary tool for pin positioning according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The guide block is hinged on the support.

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