Intelligent roller, roller bearing and roller bearing load distribution measurement method

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent roller, a roller bearing and a roller bearing load distribution measuring method, and relates to the field of roller bearings.The intelligent roller comprises a roller main body, an installation cavity is arranged in the roller main body, a roller strain sensing unit and a posture sensor are arranged in the installation cavity.The roller bearing comprises a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and rollers, and at least one roller is the intelligent roller.The roller bearing load distribution measuring method is as follows: the strain value of a measured point on the roller wall and the angle of the ring direction included angle between the measured point and the position of the external load of the roller are obtained, the linear load density is obtained through stress analysis and calculation, and the approximately uniform load is obtained.The linear load density at the position of the external load of the roller is obtained by using the strain value of the measured point, the uniform load at the position is obtained, the load data at the position of the external load of the roller can be continuously measured, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of roller bearings, in particular to an intelligent roller, a roller bearing and a roller bearing load distribution measurement method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing is a core component of large rotating equipment, with huge structure size and high price, playing a role in rotating and transmitting load. The three-row roller slewing bearing has high requirements for load-carrying capacity, safety and reliability in harsh working environments such as large impact, partial load, heavy load and variable load. Once the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing fails, it will affect the normal operation of the main equipment, easily lead to major safety accidents, and the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing is difficult to maintain, with long replacement cycle, high cost and impact on project progress, causing huge economic losses. At present, the design and manufacturing level of domestic three-row cylindrical roller bearings still lags behind that of foreign countries, the main reason being the lack of relevant experimental parameters.

[0003] The three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing is mainly composed of main thrust rollers, auxiliary thrust rollers, radial rollers, inner and outer bearing rings and retainers. Among them, the main thrust roller of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing for super large equipment is composed of two rows of rollers. The upper and lower end faces of the bearing inner and outer rings are connected with the upper and lower end faces of the support structure through high-strength bolts. The load distribution of the bearing raceway is the main design basis for the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, and also directly reflects the working health status of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing. Since the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing simultaneously bears dynamic radial load, axial load and overturning moment, the load distributed on the raceway is approximately a non-uniformly distributed line load, which presents a non-uniformly distributed complex state both along the circumferential direction of the raceway and along the axial direction of the raceway.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112525532A and publication date November 5, 2020 discloses a three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing health monitoring device based on an optical fiber sensor, which sets up a light sensor on the outer surface of the stationary bearing outer ring. This method can only measure the circumferential concentrated load distribution of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing along the outer surface of the bearing outer ring. However, this scheme cannot obtain accurate and comprehensive raceway load distribution, and can only be used for rough detection of the load-bearing state of the bearing.

[0005] The existing authorized announcement No. CN107542758B, authorized announcement date is July 3, 2020, Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of sensing roll, the middle hole of this sensing roll is dug, strain sensor is placed in it, and then the load of the outer surface of roll is measured.But in view of the three-row cylindrical roller bearing of complex load bearing condition, it cannot measure the uneven linear load distribution of the outer surface of roll and the surface of contact raceway, only the concentrated load of the outer surface of roll can be measured, which is quite different from the actual load distribution of roll.Moreover, the relative position between strain sensor and the contact area of roll raceway will change during the self-rotation of roll in bearing, when strain sensor leaves the contact area of roll raceway, strain sensor cannot directly measure the strain value of the contact position of roll and raceway, and the load data of the contact position of roll and raceway will have a gap, so the change of load cannot be monitored in time. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an intelligent roll, a roller bearing and a roller bearing load distribution measurement method to solve the technical problem that the load of the contact area of roll and raceway cannot be continuously measured in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the intelligent roll provided by the present application is as follows:

[0008] An intelligent roll, comprising a roll main body, an installation cavity is arranged in the roll main body, a roll strain sensing unit is arranged in the installation cavity, the roll strain sensing unit has at least one detection unit, and a posture sensor is further arranged in the installation cavity to measure the relative angle between the load action position outside the intelligent roll and the detection unit of the roll strain sensing unit.

[0009] The roll strain sensing unit can measure the strain value at a certain position on the inner wall of the installation cavity of the intelligent roll, the posture sensor can measure the self-rotation speed of the intelligent roll, and the relative angle between the load action position outside the intelligent roll and the detection unit of the roll strain sensing unit can also be measured.Because the strain size measured at the detection unit of the roll strain sensing unit is related to the strain size at the load action position outside the intelligent roll and the circumferential included angle of the above two positions, the load value at the load action position outside the intelligent roll can be calculated according to the strain value measured by the roll strain sensing unit and the relative angle between the load action position outside the intelligent roll and the detection unit of the roll strain sensing unit measured by the posture sensor.Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme can continuously measure the load at the load action position outside the intelligent roll, and improve the accuracy of measurement.

[0010] As a further improvement, at least two detection units are arranged on at least one generatrix of the intelligent roll.

[0011] The beneficial effect is that the load on the roller is unevenly distributed along the axial direction due to the influence of the overturning moment on the roller bearing. Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution can measure the strain values of the intelligent roller at at least two positions in the axial direction, can measure the uneven distribution of the load, and the more detection units of the intelligent roller are arranged along the axial direction, the more accurate the measurement result is and the closer it is to the actual situation.

[0012] As a further improvement, the detection unit is a strain gauge.

[0013] The beneficial effect is that the strain gauge occupies a small space, is easy to install, and has a low cost.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the roller bearing provided by the present application is:

[0015] A roller bearing, comprising a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and rollers, the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring have raceways in rolling contact with the rollers, and at least one roller is the intelligent roller.

[0016] The beneficial effect is that the external load applied to the intelligent roller by the raceway at a certain position is the same as the load value received by the raceway at the position, so that after the unevenly distributed load along the circumference of the intelligent roller is measured by the intelligent roller, the unevenly distributed load along the radial direction of the raceway can be obtained, and a more accurate measurement result can be obtained compared with the prior art.

[0017] As a further improvement, the intelligent roller is at least three, and the included angle between two adjacent intelligent rollers in the circumferential direction is not greater than 120°.

[0018] The beneficial effect is that after the bearing is subjected to the action of the overturning moment, the load distribution on the surface of the raceway is that one side is the maximum load bearing position, and the load value on the other side may be 0, and the above technical solution can ensure that there is always at least one intelligent roller for measuring the load distribution on the side of the roller bearing that bears a large load.

[0019] As a further improvement, the bearing inner ring or the bearing outer ring is provided with a raceway strain sensing unit.

[0020] The beneficial effect is that the raceway strain sensing unit can directly measure the load on the raceway, and can further improve the measurement accuracy of the load distribution when used in cooperation with the intelligent roller.

[0021] As a further improvement, the raceway strain sensing unit comprises a distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil, and a plurality of strain measurement points are arranged on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil.

[0022] The beneficial effect is that a distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil can complete the strain measurement of the raceway, and the installation is convenient. The distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil is sensitive to temperature and strain at the same time, the temperature sensor located in the intelligent roller can monitor the temperature of the working environment of the intelligent roller in real time, and the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor can reduce the influence of temperature change on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil, and ensure the accuracy of measurement.

[0023] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the roller bearing load distribution measurement method provided by the application is:

[0024] A roller bearing load distribution measurement method, first, a measured point is taken on the roller wall, the strain value at the measured point is measured, and the line load in a region containing the measured point is approximated as a uniform load; then the angle of the ring direction included angle between the measured point on the roller and the load position of the roller is obtained; finally, through stress analysis and calculation, the line load density at the load position of the roller is obtained, and the approximate uniform load at the position is obtained.

[0025] The beneficial effect is that the strain value at the measured point can be continuously measured, and when the measured point rotates to the load position of the roller, the strain value measured by the measured point is the strain value at the load position of the roller. However, when the roller rotates to separate the measured point from the load position of the roller, the strain value measured at the measured point is no longer the strain value at the load position of the roller. The above technical scheme can use the strain value at the measured point to obtain the line load density at the load position of the roller, and obtain the uniform load at the position. Compared with the prior art, the load data at the load position of the roller can be continuously measured, and there is no gap, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of measurement.

[0026] As a further improvement, at least two measured points are arranged on a generatrix of the roller, the roller is divided into a plurality of small units along the axial direction, the number of small units is consistent with the number of measured points arranged on a generatrix of the intelligent roller, the unevenly distributed line load on the small units is approximated as a uniformly distributed uniform load, the uniform load at the load position of each small unit is calculated, and the approximately unevenly distributed line load acting on the outer wall of the roller is obtained, and the unevenly distributed line load acting on the raceway by the roller is also obtained.

[0027] The beneficial effect is that the roller bearing on the large rotating equipment is subjected to overturning moment, so the load distribution in the axial direction of the roller is uneven. The above technical scheme can obtain the approximately unevenly distributed line load on the roller, and since the force is mutual, the unevenly distributed line load acting on the raceway by the roller can also be obtained at the same time.

[0028] As a further improvement, in order to facilitate measurement, a roller inner hole is formed in the center of the roller, the measured point is arranged on the hole wall of the roller inner hole, and the approximate uniform load in the corresponding range of the measured point is calculated by using the strain value of the measured point and the circumferential angle between the measured point and the load acting position of the roller The mathematical relationship for calculating the approximate uniform load is,

[0029]

[0030] wherein q is the linear load density, q=Q / l, l is the effective length of the roller; b is the outer wall radius of the roller; is the circumferential angle between the load acting position and the measured strain position; is the strain value of the measured position; H is the ratio of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the roller; and p is the ratio of the radius of the measured point position of the roller and the outer diameter b of the roller;

[0031]

[0032] The beneficial effect is that the measured point is arranged on the hole wall of the roller inner hole, facilitating measurement. The approximate uniform load in the corresponding range of the measured point can be calculated by using the above mathematical relationship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a sectional view of embodiment 1 of the intelligent roller in the application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a sectional view of embodiment 1 of the roller bearing in the application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the intelligent roller of embodiment 1 of the roller bearing in the application;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of force analysis of embodiment 1 of the roller bearing in the application;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil of embodiment 1 of the roller bearing in the application;

[0038] Figure 6 is a strain value change rule diagram of the measured position of a strain gauge on the inner hole wall of the intelligent roller of embodiment 1 of the roller bearing load distribution measurement method in the application.

[0039] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] 1, roller body; 2, roller inner hole; 3, support sleeve; 4, baffle; 5, circuit board; 6, clamping groove; 7, strain gauge; 8, power supply module; 9, embedded processing module; 10, wireless transmission module; 11, temperature sensor; 12, attitude sensor; 13, bearing inner ring; 14, first outer ring; 15, second outer ring; 16, third outer ring; 17, main push retaining ring; 18, main push roller; 19, auxiliary push roller; 20, radial roller; 21, mounting groove; 22, distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing coil; 23, fiber sensor retaining ring; 24, support plate; 25, main push retainer; 26, auxiliary push retainer; 27, radial retainer; 28, connector; 29, intelligent roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application, that is, the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present application, but not all the examples. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] The present application is further described in detail below in combination with examples.

[0043] Specific embodiment 1 of the intelligent roller provided by the present application:

[0044] Referring to the drawings Figure 1 An intelligent roller includes a roller body 1 in a cylindrical structure, a roller inner hole 2 extending through the center of the roller body and along the axial direction of the roller is formed on the roller body 1, the diameter of the roller inner hole 2 is related to the diameter of the roller of the bearing to be measured, but in order to facilitate the installation of the internal elements of the intelligent roller, it can be selected as 30-50mm. In this embodiment, the roller inner hole 2 constitutes a mounting cavity for installing sensing elements.

[0045] A hollow cylindrical support sleeve 3 is embedded in the roller inner hole 2, the outer wall of the support sleeve 3 abuts against the inner wall of the roller inner hole 2, and in this embodiment, the support sleeve 3 is made of plastic, and in other embodiments, the support sleeve 3 can also be made of easily processable materials such as rubber. The two ends of the roller inner hole 2 are formed with counterbores, the end walls of the support sleeve 3 are flush with the bottom walls of the counterbores, and the two ends of the support sleeve 3 are fixedly connected with baffle plates 4 through bolts, the baffle plates 4 are embedded and matched with the corresponding counterbores, and the end of the baffle plate 4 away from the support sleeve 3 is flush with the corresponding end face of the roller body 1. The baffle plate 4 is used to close the roller inner hole 2, protect the internal elements from the influence of water, lubricants, dust and other pollutants, and the matching of the baffle plate 3 and the counterbores can stably install the support sleeve 3 in the roller inner hole 2, preventing the support sleeve 3 from rotating.

[0046] The circuit board 5 is arranged in the support sleeve 3, the side of the baffle 4 facing the support sleeve 3 is formed with a clamping groove 6, and the two ends of the circuit board 5 are clamped and matched with the corresponding clamping grooves 6, so that the circuit board 5 is stably installed in the support sleeve 3 and rotation of the circuit board 5 is prevented. The roller strain sensing unit, the power supply module 8, the attitude sensor 12, the temperature sensor 11, the embedded processing module 9 and the wireless transmission module 10 are electrically installed on the circuit board 5.

[0047] The roller strain sensing unit includes 12 strain gauges 7 electrically connected to the circuit board 5 through wires, and each strain gauge 7 is a detection unit of the roller strain sensing unit. The strain gauges 7 are evenly pasted on the two busbars on the inner wall of the mounting cavity, and each busbar corresponds to six strain gauges 7. The strain values of the six positions along the busbar on the inner wall of the mounting cavity can be measured through the strain gauges 7. The support sleeve 3 is provided with a threading hole penetrating through the side wall of the support sleeve 3, and the wires connected to the strain gauges 7 pass through the threading hole. The outer wall of the support sleeve 3 is provided with a corresponding avoiding groove corresponding to the strain gauges 7, and the strain gauges 7 are attached to the bottom of the avoiding groove.

[0048] In this embodiment, the power supply module 8 is a battery. In other embodiments, the power supply module 8 can also be a power generation device that converts the kinetic energy of the smart roller into electrical energy.

[0049] The embedded processing module 9 includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer and other related components, and is used for controlling the work of the components and pre-processing the collected data to facilitate data transmission.

[0050] The wireless transmission module 10 is located near the end of the mounting cavity, and the antenna of the wireless transmission module 10 is located at the outermost side of the circuit board 5 to improve the transmission efficiency. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission module 10 adopts ZigBee wireless transmission technology, and the transmission distance is 50 meters.

[0051] The temperature sensor 11 is used for monitoring the temperature of the smart roller, and can reflect whether the smart roller is in a healthy working temperature range.

[0052] The attitude sensor 12 can obtain the self-transmission speed of the smart roller in the bearing, and the relative angle between the loaded busbar of the smart roller in contact with the corresponding raceway and the busbar on the inner wall of the mounting cavity on which the strain gauges are pasted can also be measured by the attitude sensor 12.

[0053] The specific embodiment 2 of the smart roller provided by the application mainly differs from the embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the detection unit is a capacitive strain sensor. When the smart roller deforms, the strain value can be measured by the capacitive strain sensor.

[0054] The difference between the specific embodiment 3 of the intelligent roller provided by the application and the embodiment 1 mainly lies in that, in the embodiment, the strain gauges are attached to the four busbars of the intelligent roller.

[0055] The specific embodiment 1 of the roller bearing provided by the application is as follows:

[0056] Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 2 the roller bearing is a three-row four-column cylindrical roller bearing, which comprises a bearing inner ring 13, a bearing outer ring and rollers, the bearing outer ring is composed of a first outer ring 14, a second outer ring 15 and a third outer ring 16, and the rollers comprise main push rollers 18, auxiliary push rollers 19 and radial rollers 20.

[0057] The outer side wall of the bearing inner ring 13 is provided with a flange, the main push rollers 18, the auxiliary push rollers 19 and the radial rollers 20 are respectively installed between the three faces of the flange and the first outer ring 14, the second outer ring 15 and the third outer ring 16 through a main push retainer 25, an auxiliary push retainer 26 and a radial retainer 27. The bearing inner ring 13 and the bearing outer ring have raceways matched with the rollers, wherein the face matched with the main push rollers 18 of the first outer ring 14 is a main push roller raceway, the face matched with the auxiliary push rollers 19 of the second outer ring 15 is an auxiliary push roller raceway, and the face matched with the radial rollers 20 of the third outer ring 16 is a radial roller raceway. The inner side of the first outer ring 14 is further provided with a main push retainer 17 for limiting the main push rollers 18. The structures above of the roller bearing are the same as those of the prior art, and will not be described here.

[0058] Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 3 the main push rollers 18 in the roller bearing bear the largest force, and therefore the force bearing condition of the main push rollers 18 needs to be detected, in the embodiment, three groups of main push rollers 18 are replaced by the intelligent rollers 29 in the application, and the circumferential included angle between the three groups of intelligent rollers 29 is 120°. The reason is that, referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 4 considering that the load distribution of the main push roller raceway surface after the bearing is subjected to an overturning moment is that one side is the maximum load bearing position and the other side bears a load value of 0, so as to ensure that the side of the three-row four-column cylindrical roller bearing bearing the largest load always has at least one intelligent roller 29 for measuring the load distribution, at least three groups of a total of six intelligent rollers 29 are needed.

[0059] Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 3 and the accompanying drawings, Figure 5The first outer ring 14 is provided with an annular mounting groove 21 extending along the circumferential direction on the outer side wall opposite to the main push roller raceway. The raceway strain sensing unit is arranged in the mounting groove 21. In the embodiment, the raceway strain sensing unit comprises a distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 arranged on the bottom of the mounting groove. The distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is provided with a plurality of strain measurement points. A fiber sensor retainer ring 23 made of rubber is also arranged in the mounting groove 21 by adhesive fixing. The side of the fiber sensor retainer ring 23 away from the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is flush with the outer side wall of the first outer ring 14. The fiber sensor retainer ring 23 is used to fix the distributed fiber grating sensing coil 22 and plays a role of sealing the mounting groove 21 to prevent water, lubricating oil, dust and other pollutants from entering. The end of the fiber sensor retainer ring 23 extending into the mounting groove 21 is fixedly provided with a rigid support plate 24 for supporting the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 and making the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 abut against the bottom of the mounting groove 21. In the embodiment, the support plate 24 is made of plastic.

[0060] The mounting groove 21 penetrates into the inside of the first outer ring 14, so that the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is located between the main push roller raceway and the side wall opposite to the main push roller raceway of the first outer ring 14. The closer the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is to the main push roller raceway, the more accurate the load measurement result is. However, the depth of the mounting groove 21 should also consider the influence of the mounting groove 21 on the mechanical strength of the first outer ring 14. In the specific implementation, the depth of the mounting groove 21 needs to be determined through calculation.

[0061] The cross-sectional shape of the mounting groove 21 is T-shaped structure. The bottom of the mounting groove 21 is semicircular structure, and the diameter of the semicircle is greater than the diameter of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22. The distributed fiber grating sensing coil 22 can tightly abut against the bottom of the mounting groove 21 and has strong stability, so that the distributed fiber grating sensing coil 22 can more accurately measure the strain size consistent with the load direction of the raceway.

[0062] The end of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is electrically connected with a connector 28, the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is connected to the demodulation module placed outside the roller bearing through the connector 28 after winding around the bearing once, data processing and analysis are carried out, strain measurement is completed, and the concentrated load distribution of the raceway of the three-row cylindrical roller bearing along the circumference is obtained. The advantage of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is that strain measurement of multiple points can be completed by using one sensing coil. The number of strain measurement points is determined according to the number of main thrust rollers in contact with the main thrust roller raceway. In the embodiment, the main thrust roller 18 has two rows, so the number of strain measurement points is half of the number of main thrust rollers 18. For a three-row three-column cylindrical roller bearing, the main thrust roller 18 has only one column, and the number of strain measurement points can be consistent with the number of main thrust rollers.

[0063] In the working process of the roller bearing, the main radial load Fr, axial load Fa and overturning moment M are applied, and the load acting diagram is as shown in Figure 4 In the actual working environment, the radial load Fr is very small and has little effect on the main thrust roller 18 and the auxiliary thrust roller 19 and their corresponding raceways, which can be ignored, the axial load Fa and the overturning moment M are all borne by the main thrust roller 18 and the auxiliary thrust roller 19, and the main thrust roller 18 bears a larger part of the load, so for large equipment, the main thrust roller 18 needs to be arranged in two rows when bearing high working load. Obviously, when measuring the raceway load distribution of the three-row cylindrical roller bearing, the raceway contacted by the main thrust roller 18 should be first concerned. The load distribution on this raceway also becomes one of the most important design parameters of this type of bearing. Similarly, the load distribution on this raceway can also become an important parameter for monitoring the running state of the bearing. According to the change of the load distribution on the raceway measured, it can be judged whether the bearing has entered the early failure stage.

[0064] The distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil 22 is affected by the temperature and strain of the working environment of the sensor when measuring strain, and the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor can compensate the measurement result of the fiber grating strain sensing coil, so as to ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0065] The specific embodiment 2 of the roller bearing provided by the application is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that in the embodiment, the intelligent rollers are provided with four groups of eight rollers, and the included angle between two adjacent rollers in the circumference is 90°.

[0066] The main difference between the 3rd embodiment of the roller bearing provided by the present invention and the 1st embodiment is that: in this embodiment, the raceway strain sensing unit includes multiple strain gauges attached to the bottom of the mounting groove. The strain gauges are distributed along the circumference of the first outer ring. The strain on the raceway is measured by the strain gauges, and then the load distribution on the raceway is obtained.

[0067] The main difference between Embodiment 4 of the roller bearing provided by the present invention and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, the roller bearing is a three-row, three-column cylindrical roller bearing. In this embodiment, there is only one row of main push rollers that cooperate with the raceway of the main push rollers. Therefore, there are three intelligent rollers, and the included angle between two adjacent intelligent rollers along the circumferential direction is 120°.

[0068] Specific embodiments of the roller bearing load distribution measurement method provided by the present invention:

[0069] Because the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing bears a large overturning moment, the load distribution on the raceway in contact with the main push roller has the following characteristics: (1) There is a line contact between the raceway and the roller, and all the load on the raceway comes from the roller. Therefore, the load distribution position on the raceway is the same as the contact position between the raceway and each roller. (2) The load distribution on the raceway is that it presents a non-uniform line load along the radial direction of the raceway at the contact position of each roller, and the load increases with the radial distance from the bearing center.

[0070] For the hollow rolling element structure of a smart roller, the stress change at a certain measured point on the inner wall of the roller bore will change with the rotation of the smart roller in the roller bearing. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the measured point, as the intelligent roller rotates, experiences a cycle from the maximum compressive stress (point 1) to the maximum tensile stress (point 2), then back to the maximum compressive stress (point 3), then back to the maximum tensile stress (point 4), and finally back to the maximum compressive stress (point 1). The mathematical relationship between the uniformly distributed load Q acting perpendicular to the outer wall of the intelligent roller along the diameter direction and the strain value at the measured point is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where q is the linear load density, q=Q / l, l is the effective length of the roller; b is the outer radius of the smart roller; The circumferential angle between the load application location and the measured strain location; ρ is the strain value at the measured location; H is the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the intelligent roller; ρ is the ratio of the radius of the measured point of the intelligent roller to its outer diameter b; n = H 2 -1-(1+H 2 )lnH;

[0073] When the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing raceway load measuring device of the application is used to measure the raceway load distribution, the strain sensors and the attitude sensors arranged in the device act as follows: the plurality of strain gauges pasted on the inner hole wall of the intelligent roller are used in combination with the attitude sensor on the intelligent roller circuit board to obtain the circumferential angle between the strain gauge and the position of the external load of the intelligent roller at a moment Considering that the continuous increasing unevenly distributed linear load on the outer wall of the intelligent roller cannot be directly obtained by measurement, the intelligent roller is divided into a plurality of small units, the number of units is consistent with the number of strain gauges arranged on a generatrix of the intelligent roller, and the unevenly distributed linear load on the small unit is approximated as a uniformly distributed uniform load, at this time, the strain value measured by the strain gauge and the circumferential angle measured by the attitude sensor are substituted into the above formula to obtain the linear load density on the outer wall of the small unit of the intelligent roller, and then the approximately uniformly distributed load on the outer wall of the small unit is obtained. This is repeated, and the approximately uniformly distributed load on the outer wall of each corresponding small unit is obtained by using all strain gauges, and then the unevenly distributed linear load acting on the outer wall of the intelligent roller is approximately obtained, and the unevenly distributed linear load acting on the raceway of the intelligent roller is also obtained.

[0074] The above-mentioned approximately unevenly distributed load distribution of the intelligent roller acting on the raceway measured by the intelligent roller has limitations. Firstly, the measured load distribution is limited by the position of the intelligent roller in the bearing. Considering the basic working strength requirement of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, the number of intelligent rollers should be as small as possible, so the measured raceway load distribution by the intelligent roller is also limited by the number of intelligent rollers. In the actual working environment of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, the direction of the overturning moment it bears may change, that is, the position of the maximum load on the raceway changes, and the position of the maximum load on the raceway is one of the important parameters of the bearing. The above reasons lead to that the raceway load distribution measured by the intelligent roller alone is insufficient and incomplete, and cannot comprehensively reflect the raceway load distribution of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing in the working state.

[0075] The present application uses a distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil embedded in the first outer ring of the roller bearing and a temperature sensor in the smart roller to complement the above deficiencies. The strain measurement points provided on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil are determined by the number of rollers of the measured bearing and the size of the bearing. By using the several strain measurement points provided on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil embedded in the stationary bearing ring near the bearing raceway, the equivalent concentrated load of the distributed load borne by the fixed position of the raceway can be measured. By measuring the equivalent concentrated load along the ring direction of the raceway of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, the load distribution along the ring direction of the raceway of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing can be clearly understood. By combining the measurement results of the smart roller with the measurement results of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil, the equivalent concentrated load distribution along the ring direction of the measured bearing raceway and the equivalent unevenly distributed linear load distribution along the radial direction can be obtained.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative labor, or replace some of the technical features with equivalent ones. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent roller applied to the main roller of a three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, comprising a roller body, an installation cavity is arranged in the roller body, a roller strain sensing unit is arranged in the installation cavity, and the roller strain sensing unit has at least one detection unit, characterized in that, The installation cavity is also provided with a posture sensor for measuring the relative angle between the position of the external load of the intelligent roller and the detection unit of the roller strain sensing unit, so as to calculate the load value at the position of the external load of the intelligent roller according to the strain at the position of the detection unit of the intelligent roller.

2. The intelligent roller applied to the main roller of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two detection units are arranged on at least one generatrix of the intelligent roller, so as to detect the uneven distribution of the line load on the generatrix of the intelligent roller by using the detection units.

3. The intelligent roller applied to the main roller of the three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The detection unit is a strain gauge.

4. A roller bearing comprising a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and rollers, the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring having raceways with which the rollers rollingly cooperate, characterized in that At least one roller is an intelligent roller, which comprises a roller body, an installation cavity arranged in the roller body, a roller strain sensing unit arranged in the installation cavity, at least one detection unit of the roller strain sensing unit, and a posture sensor arranged in the installation cavity for measuring the relative angle between the position of the external load of the intelligent roller and the detection unit of the roller strain sensing unit, so as to calculate the load value at the position of the external load of the intelligent roller according to the strain at the position of the detection unit of the intelligent roller.

5. The roller bearing of claim 4, wherein, At least two detection units are arranged on at least one generatrix of the intelligent roller, so as to detect the uneven distribution of the line load on the generatrix of the intelligent roller by using the detection units.

6. A roller bearing according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that The detection unit is a strain gauge.

7. A roller bearing according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that The intelligent roller is at least three, and the included angle between two adjacent intelligent rollers in the circumferential direction is not greater than 120°, so that at least one intelligent roller always exists on the side of the roller bearing subjected to a large load when the roller bearing is subjected to an overturning moment.

8. The roller bearing of claim 4 or 5, wherein, A raceway strain sensing unit is arranged on the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing.

9. The roller bearing of claim 8, wherein, The raceway strain sensing unit comprises a distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil, and a plurality of strain measurement points are arranged on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil.

10. A method of measuring load distribution of a roller bearing, characterized by, First, a measured point is taken on the roller wall, and the strain value at the measured point is measured, and the line load in a region containing the measured point is approximated as a uniform load; then, the circumferential included angle between the measured point on the roller and the position of the external load of the roller is obtained; finally, through stress analysis and calculation, the line load density at the position of the external load of the roller is obtained, and the approximate uniform load at the position is obtained.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, At least two measured points are arranged on one generatrix of the roller, and the roller is divided into a plurality of small units in the axial direction, and the number of small units is consistent with the number of measured points arranged on one generatrix of the intelligent roller, and the unevenly distributed line load on the small unit is approximated as a uniformly distributed uniform load, and the uniform load of each small unit at the position of the external load is calculated, and the unevenly distributed line load acting on the outer wall of the roller is approximated, and the unevenly distributed line load acting on the raceway of the roller is obtained.

12. The roller bearing load distribution measurement method of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The plurality of strain measurement points arranged on the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil embedded in the stationary bearing ring near the bearing raceway are used to measure the equivalent concentrated load of the distributed load borne by the fixed position of the raceway; by measuring the equivalent concentrated load along the ring direction of the raceway, the load distribution along the ring direction of the raceway is clear; the measurement results of the intelligent roller and the measurement results of the distributed fiber grating strain sensing coil are fused to obtain the equivalent concentrated load distribution along the ring direction of the measured bearing raceway and the equivalent unevenly distributed line load distribution along the radial direction.

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