Air-water collection indoor humidification system integrated into phase-change roof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization equipment, specifically relating to an air-water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase-change roof. The system comprises a phase-change roof, a water collection system, an energy storage system, a humidification system, and a control system. The phase-change roof includes an insulation layer, a phase-change layer, a waterproof layer, and a concrete layer. The water collection system includes a condensation and moisture absorption device, an exhaust device, a refrigerator, a water collection tray, a water collection main pipe, and a water collection tank. The energy storage system includes a heliostat, an electric hydraulic push rod, a phase-change heat storage column, a retractable crossbar, and a photovoltaic panel. The humidification system includes a humidifier, a humidifier water supply pipe, a humidifier drain pipe, a steam nozzle, a heating electrode, and a humidification barrel. The humidification system also includes a bracket, a refrigerator water inlet pipe, a refrigerator return pipe, a ventilation hole, and a slide rail. This system fully utilizes the photothermal and photovoltaic effects to improve the efficiency of air-water collection technology, providing a more efficient technology for energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing building energy consumption, and improving the indoor environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization equipment, and in particular relates to an air water collection indoor humidification system integrated in a phase change roof. Background Art

[0002] China is divided into seven major climate zones, with Zone VII, the Building Climate Zone, characterized by large diurnal temperature swings, low rainfall in most areas, and a dry climate. Therefore, indoor temperature and humidity levels are crucial indicators for evaluating a building's indoor environment. Phase-change roofs can mitigate these diurnal temperature swings. Hygroscopic porous polymer gels are used to collect water from humid air, which is then powered by photovoltaics to regulate indoor humidity, alleviating current water shortages and high energy consumption in buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, this invention proposes an indoor humidification system for air-water harvesting integrated into a phase-change roof. This system leverages the photothermal and photovoltaic effects to improve the efficiency of air-water harvesting technology, providing a more efficient technology for energy conservation and emission reduction, lowering building energy consumption, and improving the indoor environment. This technology holds great promise for future market development.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase change roof, the humidification system including a phase change roof, a water collection system, an energy storage system, a humidification system and a control system; the phase change roof includes an insulation layer, a phase change layer, a waterproof layer and a concrete layer; the water collection system includes a condensation moisture absorption device, an exhaust device, a refrigerator, a water collection tray, a water collection main pipe and a water collection tank; the energy storage system includes a heliostat, an electric hydraulic push rod, a phase change heat storage column, a retractable crossbar and a photovoltaic panel; the humidification system includes a humidifier, a humidifier water supply pipe, a humidifier drain pipe, a steam nozzle, a heating electrode and a humidification barrel; the humidification system also includes a bracket, a refrigerator water inlet pipe, a refrigerator return pipe, an air exchange hole and a slide rail;

[0005] The electric hydraulic push rod is installed on the bearing of the heliostat base, and a slide rail is installed on the back of the heliostat. The slide rail is connected to the top of the electric hydraulic push rod so that the tilt angle can be adjusted. The condensation and moisture absorption device is fixed above the bracket, and the water collection tray is fixed below the bracket and aligned with the corresponding condensation and moisture absorption device. The three rows of phase change heat storage columns are placed between the four condensation and moisture absorption devices. The tops of the first and third rows of phase change heat storage columns are welded with bearings eccentrically connected to the photovoltaic panels. Two groups of permanent magnets are respectively installed at the junction of the two photovoltaic panel frames. There are three groups of electric hydraulic push rods, two in each group. The three groups of electric hydraulic push rods are placed on both sides of the phase change heat storage columns and fixed to the ground. The tops of the electric hydraulic push rods are connected to and fixed to the phase change heat storage columns. The three rows of phase change heat storage columns are connected by a retractable cross bar. The exhaust device is placed on the right side of the device, and telescopic holes for the electric hydraulic push rods are reserved at the top and bottom of the exhaust device shell. The condenser is filled with a hygroscopic porous polymer gel and has a condenser coil embedded inside. The inlet and return pipes of each condenser coil are connected in parallel to a refrigerator, which is fixed to the outermost condenser. The water collection system for regulating the indoor heat and humidity is integrated into the phase-change roof, with the phase-change heat storage columns and the condenser alternatingly arranged. The water collection tray is placed under the condenser, the water collection tank is connected to the tray, and the humidifier is connected to the water collection tank. The photovoltaic panel can turn to the sun according to its own weight. When closed, the frame with a magnet automatically adsorbs and closes. The control system's photosensitive switch is connected to the refrigerator, electric hydraulic push rod, and humidifier. The water is collected through the main pipe of the water collection tray and sent to the indoor water collection tank, which is connected to the humidifier. The controller controls the automatic switching of the circuit through the photosensitive switch. The photosensitive switch uses the Light Network ET10x.1 light-controlled timer to detect the light intensity. If the sunlight intensity is greater than the set intensity, the controller turns on the water collection system and heat storage system. The humidity sensor is connected to the humidifier to control it to adjust the indoor humidity.

[0006] The condensation and moisture absorption devices are arranged alternately with the phase-change thermal storage columns to increase contact area and improve heat exchange efficiency. The condensing coils are nested in a hygroscopic porous polymer gel, increasing contact area and improving moisture absorption efficiency. The exhaust device operates, allowing large amounts of air to come into contact with the surface of the hygroscopic porous polymer gel, further improving moisture absorption efficiency. During daytime operation, the electric hydraulic push rods extend to different heights, allowing all three rows of phase-change thermal storage columns to be fully heated, and heat absorption is enhanced by the heliostats. The system has low energy consumption and fully utilizes photovoltaic power generation to achieve energy conservation. Photovoltaic panels store electricity during the day and provide power to the system. At night, the photovoltaic panels on top of the first and third rows of phase-change thermal storage columns are closed by permanent magnets at their joints. The two closed photovoltaic panels reduce heat loss, reduce nighttime heat loss, and improve water collection efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer sides of the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are wrapped with closed-cell rubber-plastic insulation material.

[0008] Furthermore, the bracket is made of low carbon steel, and the surface of the bracket is galvanized for rust prevention.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an air-water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase-change roof is proposed. The condensation and moisture absorption device absorbs water vapor from the air by condensation and heat release during the day, and the phase-change material absorbs and stores heat. At night, heat is released, causing the water vapor in the hygroscopic porous polymer gel to absorb and desorb heat, collecting water from the air for indoor humidification. The condensation and moisture absorption device is arranged alternately with the phase-change heat storage columns to increase their contact area, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving desorption efficiency. An exhaust device and a refrigerator are used to improve water absorption efficiency. Meanwhile, photovoltaic power generation is used to reduce energy consumption. Its main advantages are as follows:

[0010] (1) By arranging the condensation and moisture absorption device in layers, the contact area between the condensation and moisture absorption device and the phase change heat storage column is increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the contact area between the moisture absorption device and the air is increased to improve the moisture absorption efficiency, and the system energy consumption is reduced by using photovoltaic power generation and adjusting the indoor temperature difference through the phase change roof;

[0011] (2) By combining air water collection technology with indoor humidity control devices, solar thermal storage and power generation can be efficiently utilized to save resources and energy consumption;

[0012] (3) Use automatic control to control the switching of day and night modes and the opening and closing of the humidifier through light switches and humidity sensors; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first embodiment;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 3 is a side structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the water collection system in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 5 is a layout diagram of the condensing coil in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 6 is a pipeline distribution diagram of the humidifier in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the daytime working principle of the humidification system in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the nighttime working principle of the humidification system in Example 1. Implementation Method Example

[0021] Referring to the figures, an air water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase change roof, the humidification system includes a phase change roof, a water collection system, an energy storage system, a humidification system and a control system; the phase change roof includes an insulation layer 1, a phase change layer 2, a waterproof layer 3 and a concrete layer 4; the water collection system includes a condensation moisture absorption device 5, an exhaust device 6, a refrigerator 7, a water collection tray 8, a water collection main pipe 9 and a water collection tank 10; the energy storage system includes a heliostat 11, an electric hydraulic push rod 12, a phase change heat storage column 13, a retractable crossbar 14 and a photovoltaic panel 15; the humidification system includes a humidifier 16, a humidifier water supply pipe 17, a humidifier drain pipe 18, a steam nozzle 19, a heating electrode 20 and a humidification barrel 21; the humidification system also includes a bracket 22, a refrigerator water inlet pipe 23, a refrigerator return pipe 24, an air exchange hole 25 and a slide rail 26;

[0022] The electric hydraulic push rod is installed on the bearing of the heliostat base, and a slide rail is installed on the back of the heliostat, which is connected to the top of the electric hydraulic push rod to enable adjustment of the tilt angle. The heliostat is selected to have a surface of 4mm ultra-clear float glass silver-plated reflector with a reflectivity of ≥93% and a size of 800mm×900mm. The insulation layer, phase change layer, waterproof layer and concrete layer of the phase change roof are laid in sequence. After the waterproof layer is laid, a space of 1000mm long × 1000mm wide × 400mm high is reserved in the phase change layer and the insulation layer for the installation of the water collection system, and the exhaust duct of the exhaust device and the telescopic channel of the electric hydraulic push rods on both sides are reserved. The bracket height is 100mm, and better performance insulation materials are laid underneath, and shock absorption treatment is performed; the condensation and moisture absorption device is divided into four layers, each layer is 800mm long × 150mm wide × 300mm high, and the interval between each layer is 100mm. The condensation and moisture absorption device is fixed above the bracket, and the branch pipe of the water collection tray is made of two PVC water pipes with a diameter of 150mm and a length of 810mm cut at a slope of 0.002. The four cut PVC water pipes are inserted into the 150mm diameter PVC main pipe and fixed. Below the bracket and aligned with the corresponding condensation and moisture absorption device, three rows of phase change heat storage columns are placed between the four condensation and moisture absorption devices, the length × width × height of each row of phase change heat storage columns are 800mm × 80mm × 300mm, the top of the first and third rows of phase change heat storage columns are welded with bearings eccentrically connected to the photovoltaic panels, the length × width of the photovoltaic panels are 800mm × 500mm, and two groups of permanent magnets are installed at the junction of the two photovoltaic panel frames. There are three groups of electric hydraulic push rods, two in each group, with an initial height of 25cm, and retractable lengths of 105cm, 80cm, and 55cm respectively. The three groups of electric hydraulic push rods are placed on both sides of the phase change heat storage columns and fixed to the ground. The top of the electric hydraulic push rod is connected to and fixed to the phase change heat storage column. The three rows of phase change heat storage columns are connected with a retractable cross bar. The exhaust device is placed on the right side of the device, and telescopic holes for the electric hydraulic push rods are reserved at the top and bottom of the exhaust device shell. The condensation and desiccant device is filled with a hygroscopic porous polymer gel 52, in which a condensation coil 51 is embedded. The water inlet pipe and return pipe of each condensation coil are connected in parallel to the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is fixed on the outermost condensation and desiccant device; the water collection system for regulating the indoor heat and humidity environment is integrated on the phase change roof, and the phase change heat storage column and the condensation and desiccant device are arranged alternately; the water collection tray is placed under the condensation and desiccant device, the water collection tank is connected to the water collection tray, and the humidifier is connected to the water collection tank; the photovoltaic panel can be turned toward the sun according to its own weight, and the frame with a magnet automatically adsorbs and closes when closed. The photosensitive switch of the control system is connected to the refrigerator, electric hydraulic push rod and humidifier; the outside of the water inlet pipe and return pipe is wrapped with closed-cell rubber-plastic insulation material; the material of the bracket is low carbon steel, and the surface of the bracket is galvanized for rust prevention.

[0023] The water collection system is integrated above the phase-change roof's waterproofing layer. The right-hand exhaust system is embedded within the phase-change and insulation layers of the roof, with space on either side for electric hydraulic actuators to extend and retract. The condensation and moisture absorption system consists of four layers, each filled with a hygroscopic porous polymer gel (G-PDDA aerogel). The first and fourth layers are sealed on the outside and exposed on the inside, allowing for full air contact. The second and third layers are exposed on both sides, with the sponge skeleton secured to the exposed sides by a large-pore iron mesh. The condenser coils are embedded within the hygroscopic porous polymer gel and fixed to a bracket. The condenser coils are made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant galvanized steel pipe. The supply and return pipes to each heat exchanger are connected in parallel to the chiller. The exhaust system is located on the right side of the system, with a square opening on the top for the electric hydraulic actuator to extend and retract. The water collection pan consists of four rows of PVC pipes with a slope of 0.002, which collect water from the main pipeline to the indoor water collection tank. The energy storage system consists of a thermal storage system and a photovoltaic power storage system. The core component of the thermal storage system is three rows of phase-change thermal storage columns. The outer shell is made of metal with thermal insulation. To account for the thermal expansion and contraction of the phase-change material and its filling, a 1-cm diameter ventilation hole is provided at the top. The phase-change material is paraffin. The three rows of phase-change thermal storage columns are fixed to two electro-hydraulic push rods on each side. To ensure the stability of each phase-change thermal storage column, they are connected by a retractable crossbar. There are three groups of two electro-hydraulic push rods in each group, each group of two push rods, each group of two push rods can push the phase-change thermal storage column to the corresponding height. The photovoltaic panels are connected to the top of the first and third rows of phase-change thermal storage columns by bearings. The bearings are positioned toward the heliostats, with the center of gravity. The eccentric design ensures that the photovoltaic panels can be oriented toward the sun by their own weight when the system is in daytime mode. Two permanent magnets are placed at the connection between the two photovoltaic panels, which automatically attract them when the system is in nighttime mode. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation is stored in the battery to power the system's electrical devices. The control system includes a photosensor and humidity sensor. The photosensor activates and deactivates the chiller and exhaust system, and extends and retracts the electro-hydraulic push rod based on light intensity. The humidity sensor determines whether to activate or deactivate the humidifier by sensing the indoor humidity. When light intensity reaches a set value, the photosensor sends an electrical signal, pushing out the electro-hydraulic push rod. The phase-change thermal storage column begins collecting heat, activating the chiller and exhaust system, and the system begins collecting water vapor from the air. Air flows from beneath the phase-change thermal storage column between the four layers of condensation and moisture absorption devices. After fully contacting the hygroscopic porous polymer gel, it is discharged through the exhaust system. The photovoltaic panels tilt under gravity, and the generated electricity is stored in batteries. When light intensity falls below the set value, the photosensor sends an electrical signal, retracting the electro-hydraulic push rod, stopping the chiller and exhaust system, and the phase-change thermal storage column releases heat to the hygroscopic porous polymer gel, causing water in the gel to desorb and collect in the water collection tank via a water collection tray. The water collection tank is connected to a humidifier. When the indoor humidity drops below a set value, the humidifier draws water from the water collection tank to humidify the room to the set value. The system prioritizes battery power. When the battery power is insufficient to support the system, it uses power from the grid.The air-water collection indoor humidification system, integrated into the phase-change roof, operates automatically via a controller, switching modes to collect and utilize resources such as solar heat, photovoltaics, and water from the air, offering energy-saving and environmental advantages. By utilizing solar heat and photovoltaics, the efficiency of air-water collection can be improved, and the collected water can be used to create a comfortable indoor humidified environment.

[0024] This system has two operating modes: day and night. During daytime operation, the electric hydraulic push rod extends, and the photovoltaic panel faces the sun due to its own weight, storing electrical energy in the battery to power the system. The phase change material stores heat through the heliostat, the exhaust device operates to accelerate air flow, and the condenser operates to accelerate the condensation of water in the air. At night, the electric hydraulic push rod retracts, the photovoltaic panel frame with a magnet automatically adsorbs and closes, and the phase change heat storage column releases heat to the condensation and moisture absorption device, causing water to desorb and be collected in the water collection tank. The humidifier senses the indoor humidity through the humidity sensor and uses the water in the water collection tank for humidification.

[0025] The heat storage capacity of the phase change roof is utilized to reduce the impact of the large temperature difference between day and night outdoors, while enhancing the efficiency of the air water collection device. The condensation and moisture absorption device has four layers, and the multi-layer arrangement increases the contact area with the air, effectively improving the air water collection efficiency. The day and night working modes are automatically switched by the controller according to the light intensity, and the humidifier is automatically opened and closed according to the indoor humidity. The condenser coil uses copper tubes treated with ferrous sulfate, which has strong corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity.

[0026] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed in the patent of this invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase change roof, characterized by: The humidification system includes a phase-change roof, a water collection system, an energy storage system, a humidification system, and a control system. The phase-change roof includes an insulation layer, a phase-change layer, a waterproof layer, and a concrete layer. The water collection system includes a condensation and moisture absorption device, an exhaust device, a refrigerator, a water collection tray, a water collection main pipe, and a water collection tank. The energy storage system includes heliostats, electric hydraulic push rods, phase-change heat storage columns, retractable crossbars, and photovoltaic panels. The humidification system includes a humidifier, a humidifier water supply pipe, a humidifier drain pipe, a steam nozzle, a heating electrode, and a humidification barrel. The humidification system also includes a bracket, a refrigerator water inlet pipe, a refrigerator return pipe, an air exchange hole, and a slide rail. The electric hydraulic push rod is installed on the bearing of the heliostat base, and a slide rail is installed on the back of the heliostat, and the slide rail is connected to the top of the electric hydraulic push rod; the condensation and moisture absorption device is fixed on the top of the bracket, and the water collection tray is fixed under the bracket and aligned with the corresponding condensation and moisture absorption device. The three rows of phase change heat storage columns are placed between the four condensation and moisture absorption devices. The tops of the first and third rows of phase change heat storage columns are welded with bearings eccentrically connected to the photovoltaic panels. Two groups of permanent magnets are respectively installed at the junction of the two photovoltaic panel frames. There are three groups of electric hydraulic push rods, two in each group; the three groups of electric hydraulic push rods are placed on both sides of the phase change heat storage columns and fixed to the ground. The tops of the electric hydraulic push rods are connected and fixed to the phase change heat storage columns. The two condensers are connected by a retractable cross bar, the exhaust device is placed on the right side of the device, and telescopic holes for the electric hydraulic push rod are reserved on the top and bottom of the exhaust device shell; the condensation and desiccant device is filled with hygroscopic porous polymer gel, and a condensing coil is embedded inside it. The water inlet pipe and return pipe of each condenser coil are connected to the refrigerator in parallel, and the refrigerator is fixed on the outermost condensation and desiccant device; the water collection system for regulating the indoor humidity and heat environment is integrated on the phase change roof, and the phase change heat storage column and the condensation and desiccant device are arranged alternately; the water collecting tray is placed under the condensation and desiccant device, the water collecting tank is connected to the water collecting tray, and the humidifier is connected to the water collecting tank; the photosensitive switch of the control system is connected to the refrigerator, the electric hydraulic push rod and the humidifier.

2. The air water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase change roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are wrapped with closed-cell rubber-plastic insulation material.

3. The air water collection indoor humidification system integrated into a phase change roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the bracket is low carbon steel, and the surface of the bracket is galvanized to prevent rust.

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