Display substrate, manufacturing method and display device

Abstract

The application provides a display substrate, a manufacturing method and a display device. The display substrate comprises a substrate, a voltage trace arranged at a peripheral region of the substrate, an encapsulation layer arranged at a side of the voltage trace away from the substrate, and a plurality of pixel units arranged at a display region of the substrate; the encapsulation layer is arranged at a part of the display region of the substrate and the peripheral region of the substrate; the display substrate further comprises an antenna arranged at a side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, the antenna being a mesh antenna; the voltage trace is provided with a hollow part; a normal projection of at least a part of an end of the antenna on the substrate is arranged in a normal projection of the hollow part on the substrate; the normal projection of the antenna on the substrate comprises a first part located in the display region, and the first part is arranged between normal projections of adjacent pixel units on the substrate. The application can improve light transmittance and radiation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display substrate, a manufacturing method, and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, on-screen antenna solutions mainly involve constructing the antenna on a flexible thin film and then laminating the flexible film onto the display screen. However, the lamination process cannot achieve the precise alignment required in semiconductor manufacturing, easily causing significant obstruction of individual pixel units on the display screen, resulting in dark lines and moiré patterns. Furthermore, to passivate the optical transmittance reduction effect caused by the antenna area, a grid-like structure must be constructed in non-antenna functional areas, reducing the overall display transmittance by 5% to 20%. On the other hand, while integrating the antenna directly on the encapsulation layer allows for precise alignment using semiconductor manufacturing, the distance between the encapsulation layer and the cathode layer is only about 10 micrometers. According to microstrip patch radiation theory, the radiation efficiency is only about 2.8%, making direct antenna construction using photolithography virtually impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a display substrate, a manufacturing method, and a display device, thereby solving the problem of low antenna radiation efficiency in existing display substrates.

[0004] In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a display substrate, including a substrate, voltage traces disposed in a peripheral region of the substrate, an encapsulation layer disposed on a side of the voltage traces away from the substrate, and a plurality of pixel units disposed in a display area of ​​the substrate; the encapsulation layer is disposed in both the peripheral region of the substrate and the display area of ​​the substrate.

[0005] The display substrate further includes an antenna disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and the antenna is a grid antenna;

[0006] The voltage traces are provided with cutouts;

[0007] At least a portion of the antenna's end is orthographically projected onto the substrate in the orthographic projection of the cutout portion onto the substrate.

[0008] Optionally, the voltage trace includes a first voltage trace portion, a second voltage trace portion, a third voltage trace portion, and a fourth voltage trace portion; the first voltage trace portion is disposed on a first side of the display area, the second voltage trace portion is disposed on a second side of the display area, the third voltage trace portion is disposed on a third side of the display area, and the fourth voltage trace portion is disposed on a fourth side of the display area.

[0009] The first side and the second side are opposite sides, the third side and the fourth side are opposite sides, the first side and the third side are adjacent sides, and the second side and the third side are adjacent sides; a driving integrated circuit is provided on the fourth side of the display area;

[0010] The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first voltage trace portion, the second voltage trace portion, and the third voltage trace portion.

[0011] Optionally, the peripheral area includes a voltage trace area and a packaging area; the voltage trace area is located on the side of the packaging area close to the display area; the voltage trace is located in the voltage trace area.

[0012] The voltage trace is a cathode voltage trace; the display substrate includes a first driving circuit region disposed on a first side of the display area, and a second driving circuit region disposed on a second side of the display area;

[0013] The cathode voltage trace includes a first cathode voltage trace portion, a second cathode voltage trace portion, and a third cathode voltage trace portion disposed on the third side of the display area;

[0014] The first cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the first driving circuit area, and the second cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the second driving circuit area;

[0015] The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first cathode voltage trace portion, the second cathode voltage trace portion, and the third cathode voltage trace portion.

[0016] Optionally, the cutout portion is a rectangular cutout portion, and the first long side and the second long side of the cutout portion extend along the extension direction of the voltage trace.

[0017] Optionally, the absolute value of the difference between the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna end on the substrate and the first long side of the cutout portion and the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna end on the substrate and the second long side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to a distance difference threshold.

[0018] The distance difference threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 μm.

[0019] Optionally, the antenna has multiple ends, and the orthographic projection of the multiple ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0020] Optionally, the antenna has N ends, and the voltage trace has N cutouts; N is an integer greater than 1, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to N; the orth projection of the nth end among the N ends on the substrate is within the orth projection of the nth cutout on the voltage trace on the substrate.

[0021] The length of the long side of the hollow portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n; where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0022] Optionally, the antenna has multiple ends, and the orthographic projection of one of the multiple ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0023] Optionally, the line width of the voltage trace section with the cutout is equal everywhere.

[0024] Optionally, the hollow portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction;

[0025] The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion that protrudes in a second direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere.

[0026] Optionally, the hollow portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction;

[0027] The voltage trace portion has a second protrusion that protrudes in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere.

[0028] Optionally, the hollow portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction;

[0029] The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion protruding in a second direction and a second protrusion protruding in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere.

[0030] Optionally, the line width of the voltage trace with the cutout portion is A, and the length of the short side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to A / 4.

[0031] Optionally, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and the display substrate further includes multiple rows of gate lines and multiple columns of data lines disposed in the display area of ​​the substrate; the gate lines extend along a first direction, and the data lines extend along a second direction;

[0032] The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows are arranged along the second direction, and the antenna is a U-shaped antenna or an E-shaped antenna; or...

[0033] The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows are arranged along a third direction, which is different from the second direction and different from the first direction. The antenna is a chamfered rhomboid antenna.

[0034] Optionally, the antenna is an L-shaped antenna;

[0035] The antenna includes a first end and a second end; the voltage trace is provided with a first cutout and a second cutout.

[0036] The orthographic projection of the first end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the second cutout portion on the substrate.

[0037] The first cutout portion and the second cutout portion are respectively disposed on adjacent sides of the voltage trace.

[0038] Optionally, the antenna is a rectangular antenna or a T-shaped antenna; a first cutout is provided on the voltage trace;

[0039] The orthographic projection of one end of the antenna on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate.

[0040] Optionally, the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention further includes a touch layer disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate.

[0041] The antenna is disposed on the side of the touch layer away from the encapsulation layer. The display substrate further includes an insulating layer disposed between the touch layer and the antenna. The orthographic projection of the insulating layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the antenna on the substrate.

[0042] Optionally, the touch layer includes multiple rows and columns of touch units; multiple touch signal lines are provided in the touch units;

[0043] The line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is greater than the line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna.

[0044] The number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is less than the number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna.

[0045] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for manufacturing a display substrate, for manufacturing the aforementioned display substrate, the method comprising:

[0046] Multiple pixel units are fabricated in the display area of ​​the substrate, voltage traces are fabricated in the peripheral area of ​​the substrate, and cutouts are provided in the voltage traces.

[0047] An encapsulation layer is formed on the side of the voltage trace away from the substrate.

[0048] A grid-shaped antenna is directly fabricated on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, such that at least a portion of the ends of the grid-shaped antenna are orthogonally projected onto the substrate and the cutout portion is in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate.

[0049] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a display device, including the display substrate described above.

[0050] The display substrate, manufacturing method, and display device described in this embodiment of the invention have an antenna disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The antenna is in a grid shape to avoid obstructing pixel units, thus not affecting the display and improving light transmittance. Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention provides a cutout portion on the voltage trace, and at least a portion of the antenna's end is projected onto the substrate in the orthographic projection of the cutout portion onto the substrate. The voltage trace is disposed in the peripheral area of ​​the substrate, and there is a clear area above and below the voltage trace that is not obstructed by a metal layer, thus facilitating the provision of cutout portions on the voltage trace to increase radiation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the display substrate described in at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna being disposed on a voltage trace in at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the region division of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cathode voltage trace and the first antenna in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cathode voltage trace and the first antenna in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing how the width of the first cathode voltage trace can be compensated when the sixth, seventh, and eighth cutout portions are provided on the first cathode voltage trace portion.

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a densely arranged grid pattern in a mesh antenna;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a sparsely arranged grid pattern in a mesh antenna;

[0059] Figure 11 These are the frequency-efficiency curves for each antenna;

[0060] Figure 12A This is a structural diagram of the rhomboid-shaped antenna included in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 12B Is Figure 12A A schematic diagram illustrating L1, L2, L3, and L4 based on the above.

[0062] Figure 13A This is a structural diagram of the L-shaped mesh antenna included in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 13B Is Figure 13A A diagram illustrating L5 and L6 based on this;

[0064] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the rectangular mesh antenna included in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 15A This is a structural diagram of the T-shaped mesh antenna included in the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 15B Is Figure 15A A diagram illustrating L7 and L8 based on this;

[0067] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the touch layer and the antenna in a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The display substrate of the present invention includes a substrate, voltage traces disposed in the peripheral region of the substrate, an encapsulation layer disposed on the side of the voltage traces away from the substrate, and a plurality of pixel units disposed in the display area of ​​the substrate; the encapsulation layer is disposed in the peripheral region of the substrate and the display area of ​​the substrate.

[0070] The display substrate further includes an antenna disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and the antenna is a grid antenna;

[0071] The voltage traces are provided with cutouts;

[0072] At least a portion of the antenna's end is orthographically projected onto the substrate in the orthographic projection of the cutout portion onto the substrate.

[0073] The display substrate described in this embodiment of the invention includes an antenna. The antenna is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The antenna is in a grid shape to avoid obstructing pixel units, thus not affecting the display and improving light transmittance. Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention provides a cutout portion on the voltage trace. The cutout portion does not contain conductive material, and at least a portion of the antenna's end is projected onto the substrate in the orthographic projection of the cutout portion onto the substrate. The voltage trace is disposed in the peripheral area of ​​the substrate, and there is a clear area above and below the voltage trace that is not obstructed by a metal layer. Therefore, it is convenient to provide a cutout portion on the voltage trace to increase radiation efficiency.

[0074] In related technologies, antennas are constructed on top of the display area. To ensure consistent optical transparency in non-antenna areas, metal grids are typically built in these areas, resulting in a decrease in the overall light transmittance of the display screen. The antenna in the display substrate described in at least one embodiment of this invention does not require the fabrication of any metal grids in non-antenna areas to passivate the visual effect of inconsistent transparency. Embodiments of this invention can improve optical transmittance to greater than 95%, essentially eliminating any obstruction of light from pixel units.

[0075] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the pixel unit may be an OLED (organic light-emitting diode) pixel unit, but is not limited thereto.

[0076] In related antennas, to minimize shading and moiré patterns, the metal lines in the metal grid need to be processed to below 2.5 micrometers. This is very difficult to manufacture with existing glass-based processes, requiring more steps, increasing manufacturing costs, and reducing product yield. In at least one embodiment of this invention, the antenna can use highly conductive metal materials such as copper, aluminum, or silver, and the antenna linewidth can be greater than 5 μm. Compared to related technologies where the antenna linewidth needs to be less than or equal to 2.0 μm, at least one embodiment of this invention significantly reduces manufacturing difficulty.

[0077] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the orthographic projection of the antenna on the substrate includes a first portion located in the display area. The first portion is disposed between the orthographic projections of adjacent pixel units on the substrate so as not to obstruct the pixel units and to improve transmittance.

[0078] Optionally, the voltage trace can be a cathode voltage trace, but is not limited thereto.

[0079] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cathode voltage trace may be a trace electrically connected to the cathode of an organic light-emitting diode in a pixel unit.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna layer 10 is disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer 11 away from the voltage trace E1. The voltage trace E1 overlaps with the cathode layer 12 to provide a voltage signal to the cathode layer 12. Figure 1 In at least one embodiment shown, the voltage trace can be a cathode voltage trace, the DC voltage signal can be a low-level signal, and the antenna layer 10 extends to the display area, where pixel units are disposed; Figure 1 In the diagram, pixel 121 is a red pixel, pixel 122 is a green pixel, and pixel 123 is a blue pixel.

[0081] The antenna layer 10 includes an antenna.

[0082] exist Figure 1 In at least one embodiment shown, the encapsulation layer may include two inorganic encapsulation layers and an organic encapsulation layer disposed between the two inorganic encapsulation layers.

[0083] exist Figure 1 In at least one embodiment shown, each pixel unit may include a light-emitting layer, an anode, and a TFT (thin-film transistor) array layer sequentially disposed on the side of the cathode layer 11 away from the encapsulation layer 11.

[0084] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, and in Figure 1 The diagram only schematically illustrates the positional relationship between the antenna, encapsulation layer, cathode layer, and three pixel units. In actual operation, a driving circuit may also be provided between the voltage trace E1 and the pixel unit located in the display area, and a substrate may be provided on the side of the pixel unit away from the encapsulation layer, but this is not a limitation.

[0085] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage trace includes a first voltage trace portion, a second voltage trace portion, a third voltage trace portion, and a fourth voltage trace portion; the first voltage trace portion is disposed on a first side of the display area, the second voltage trace portion is disposed on a second side of the display area, the third voltage trace portion is disposed on a third side of the display area, and the fourth voltage trace portion is disposed on a fourth side of the display area.

[0086] The first side and the second side are opposite sides, the third side and the fourth side are opposite sides, the first side and the third side are adjacent sides, and the second side and the third side are adjacent sides; a driving integrated circuit is provided on the fourth side of the display area;

[0087] The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first voltage trace portion, the second voltage trace portion, and the third voltage trace portion.

[0088] In a specific implementation, a driving integrated circuit and a signal line that provides data voltage to the pixel units in the display area are provided on the fourth side of the display area. The orthographic projection of the signal line on the substrate overlaps at least partially with the orthographic projection of the fourth voltage trace on the substrate. Therefore, if a cutout is provided on the fourth voltage trace and an antenna is provided accordingly, the radiation of the antenna will be affected by the signal line. Therefore, at least one embodiment of the present invention does not provide a cutout on the fourth voltage trace and does not provide a corresponding antenna. At least one embodiment of the present invention provides the cutout on at least one of the first voltage trace, the second voltage trace, and the third voltage trace.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, the line labeled E1 is the voltage trace, and the line labeled A0 is the display area;

[0090] The voltage trace E1 includes a first voltage trace section E11, a second voltage trace section E12, a third voltage trace section E13, and a fourth voltage trace section E14.

[0091] The first voltage trace E11 is disposed on the left side of the display area A0, the second voltage trace E12 is disposed on the right side of the display area A0, the third voltage trace E13 is disposed on the upper side of the display area A0, and the fourth voltage trace E14 is disposed on the lower side of the display area A0.

[0092] exist Figure 2 In at least one embodiment shown, a first cutout portion 21, a second cutout portion 22, and a third cutout portion 23 are provided in the first voltage trace portion E11; no conductive material is provided in the first cutout portion 21, no conductive material is provided in the second cutout portion 22, and no conductive material is provided in the third cutout portion 23.

[0093] The display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present invention includes a first antenna 31, a second antenna 32 and a third antenna 33;

[0094] The first antenna 31, the second antenna 32 and the third antenna 33 are grid-shaped antennas;

[0095] The orthographic projection of the end of the first antenna 31 onto the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion 21 onto the substrate.

[0096] The orthographic projection of the end of the second antenna 32 onto the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the second cutout portion 22 onto the substrate;

[0097] The orthographic projection of the end of the third antenna 33 onto the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the third cutout portion 23 onto the substrate.

[0098] exist Figure 2 In at least one embodiment shown, the component labeled P0 is a flexible circuit board.

[0099] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cutout portion may also be provided on the second voltage trace portion E12 and / or the third voltage trace portion E13.

[0100] In a specific implementation, the surrounding area may include a voltage trace area and a package area;

[0101] The voltage trace area is located on the side of the packaging area closest to the display area;

[0102] The voltage trace is located in the voltage trace area.

[0103] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage trace area may be disposed between the display area and the package area.

[0104] Optionally, the voltage trace is a cathode voltage trace; the display substrate includes a first driving circuit region disposed on a first side of the display area, and a second driving circuit region disposed on a second side of the display area;

[0105] The cathode voltage trace includes a first cathode voltage trace portion, a second cathode voltage trace portion, and a third cathode voltage trace portion disposed on the third side of the display area;

[0106] The first cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the first driving circuit area, and the second cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the second driving circuit area;

[0107] The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first cathode voltage trace portion, the second cathode voltage trace portion, and the third cathode voltage trace portion.

[0108] like Figure 3 As shown, A0 is the display area, A11 is the first driving circuit area, A12 is the second driving circuit area, F11 is the first packaging area, and F12 is the second packaging area; S1 is the cathode voltage trace, S2 is the peripheral cathode voltage trace; S21 is the first high voltage line, and S22 is the second high voltage line.

[0109] The first driving circuit area A11 is located to the left of the display area A0, and the second driving circuit area A12 is located to the right of the display area A0;

[0110] The first driving circuit region A11 is disposed between the cathode voltage line S1 and the display region A0, and the second driving circuit region A12 is disposed between the cathode voltage line S1 and the display region A0.

[0111] The first packaging area F11 is disposed between the peripheral cathode voltage line S2 and the cathode voltage line S1.

[0112] exist Figure 3 In the test, C1 is the first box-forming test area, C2 is the second box-forming test area, and C3 is the third box-forming test area.

[0113] The area labeled D1 is the first electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection zone, the area labeled D2 is the second ESD protection zone, the area labeled D3 is the third ESD protection zone, the area labeled D4 is the fourth ESD protection zone, the area labeled D5 is the fifth ESD protection zone, the area labeled D6 is the sixth ESD protection zone, and the area labeled D7 is the seventh ESD protection zone.

[0114] F0 is the data fan-out area; D21 is the first clock electrostatic discharge protection area; D22 is the second clock electrostatic discharge protection area; D31 is the first start electrostatic discharge protection area; and D32 is the second start electrostatic discharge protection area. L0 is the signal line area, in which signal lines are provided to supply data voltage to the pixel units in the display area.

[0115] The line labeled I1 is the first initial voltage line, and the line labeled I2 is the second initial voltage line.

[0116] The component labeled I0 is the driver integrated circuit, and the component labeled P0 is the flexible circuit board.

[0117] Both the cathode voltage trace S1 and the peripheral cathode voltage trace S2 are electrically connected to the flexible circuit board P0, and the flexible circuit board P0 provides corresponding low-level signals for the cathode voltage trace S1 and the peripheral cathode voltage trace S2.

[0118] exist Figure 3 In the first driving circuit region A11 and the second driving circuit region A12, a gate driving circuit and a light emission control signal generation circuit may be provided. The light emission control signal generation circuit may be located between the gate driving circuit and the display region A0.

[0119] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure a narrow bezel, the total width from the GOA region to the package region is generally 1 mm to 2 mm, while the width of the cathode voltage trace S1 is generally only 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0120] In related technologies, OLED mobile phone screens generally adopt a top-emitting and ultra-narrow bezel design. The vast majority of an OLED mobile phone screen is the display area, surrounded by a driving circuit area, cathode voltage traces, and an encapsulation area. Beneath the encapsulation layer of an OLED mobile phone screen are numerous metal layers, starting with the cathode layer, followed by the anode layer, then source / drain metal layers, gate metal layers, etc. The anode layer may include two ITO (indium tin oxide) layers and an Ag (silver) layer disposed between the two ITO layers. If the thickness of the Ag layer included in the anode layer is appropriately increased, the anode layer and the connected source / drain metal layers can be considered as a relatively thick metal layer (relative to millimeter waves). If the antenna is simply constructed on the display area, since the distance between the antenna and the relatively thick metal layer is only on the order of 10 micrometers, electromagnetic energy will be strongly localized between the antenna and this metal layer, severely reducing radiation efficiency. To increase radiation efficiency, a series of cutouts need to be created on the metal layer. However, the circuit routing of transistors in pixel units is very complex, making it impractical to directly create cutouts in the metal layer. Therefore, at least one embodiment of the present invention uses cutouts on voltage lines, creating a clear area above and below the voltage lines that is not obscured by the metal layer. This facilitates the creation of cutouts on the voltage lines, thereby increasing radiation efficiency.

[0121] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cutout portion may be a rectangular cutout portion, and the first long side and the second long side of the cutout portion extend along the extension direction of the voltage trace.

[0122] In specific implementation, when the hollow portion is disposed on the first voltage trace portion included in the voltage trace, the first long side and the second long side of the hollow portion extend along the extending direction of the first voltage trace portion; when the hollow portion is disposed on the second voltage trace portion included in the voltage trace, the first long side and the second long side of the hollow portion extend along the extending direction of the second voltage trace portion; when the hollow portion is disposed on the third voltage trace portion included in the voltage trace, the first long side and the second long side of the hollow portion extend along the extending direction of the third voltage trace portion.

[0123] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the absolute value of the difference between the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna on the substrate and the first long side of the cutout portion and the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna on the substrate and the second long side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to a distance difference threshold, so that the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna on the substrate is approximately located at the exact center of the corresponding cutout portion.

[0124] Optionally, the distance difference threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 μm, but is not limited thereto.

[0125] In practical implementation, to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna, a cutout with a length greater than or equal to λ / 2n needs to be made in the voltage trace. The length of the cutout needs to be greater than or equal to the effective half wavelength to ensure that energy can leak through the cutout without being blocked, which can be understood as the cutoff wavelength limitation of the waveguide. The width of the cutout can be very large, ranging from 10 micrometers to hundreds of micrometers. In at least one embodiment of the present invention, since the widths of the first cathode voltage trace, the second cathode voltage trace, and the third cathode voltage trace are all around 200 micrometers, the width of the cutout is set to around 40 to 50 micrometers to avoid drastically affecting the conductivity of the cathode voltage trace, and it is also relatively easy to implement in the manufacturing process.

[0126] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna has a plurality of ends, the orthographic projection of the plurality of ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate, and the length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n to ensure radiation efficiency; wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0127] For example, when the antenna is a U-shaped mesh antenna, an E-shaped mesh antenna, or a comb-shaped mesh antenna, the orthographic projections of the multiple ends of the antenna on the substrate can all be set within the orthographic projection of a cutout portion on the substrate.

[0128] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna has N ends, and the voltage trace is provided with N cutout portions; N is an integer greater than 1, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to N; the orth projection of the nth end among the N ends on the substrate is within the orth projection of the nth cutout portion provided on the voltage trace on the substrate.

[0129] The length of the long side of the hollow portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n; where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0130] For example, when the antenna is a U-shaped mesh antenna, an E-shaped mesh antenna, or an L-shaped mesh antenna, the orthographic projection of the ends of the antenna onto the substrate can be located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding cutout portion onto the substrate, but the length of the long side of each cutout portion must be greater than or equal to λ / 2n.

[0131] In actual operation, the orthographic projection of the end of the antenna on the substrate can be set at the middle of the long side of the corresponding hollow part to improve radiation efficiency.

[0132] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna may have multiple ends, and the orthographic projection of one of the multiple ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer.

[0133] For example, when the antenna is a rectangular mesh antenna or a T-shaped mesh antenna, the orthographic projection of one end of the antenna on the substrate can be set within the orthographic projection of a cutout on the substrate, and the length of the long side of the cutout needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n.

[0134] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the line width of the voltage trace with the cutout portion is A, and the length of the short side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to A / 4, so as to reduce the impact on the transmission of the DC voltage signal provided by the voltage trace.

[0135] like Figure 4 As shown, S11 is the first cathode voltage trace portion of the cathode voltage trace S1, 31 is the first antenna, and 21 is the first cutout portion; the first cathode voltage trace portion S11 extends in the vertical direction.

[0136] The first cathode voltage trace S11 is a U-shaped mesh antenna;

[0137] The first cathode voltage trace S11 includes a first end and a second end;

[0138] The orthographic projection of the first end on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second end on the substrate are within the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion 21 on the substrate;

[0139] exist Figure 4 In the diagram, Ls represents the vertical length of the first cutout portion 21, and Ws represents the horizontal width of the first cutout portion 21; Ls is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer (which falls into the cutout portion during the fabrication of the display substrate); Ws is greater than or equal to 40 micrometers and less than or equal to 50 micrometers.

[0140] Wa represents the vertical length of the first antenna 31, and La represents the horizontal width of the first antenna 31.

[0141] exist Figure 4 In at least one embodiment shown, La and Wa can be optimized by simulation based on the actual radiation or reception band. Typically, the range of values ​​for La and Wa can be flexibly adjusted.

[0142] For a packaging layer with a radiation frequency of 27 GHz and a dielectric constant of around 3, La can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2.5 mm, and Wa can be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0143] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the sum of La and Wa is approximately λ / neff, where neff is the ambient refractive index. The ambient refractive index neff is the combined refractive index of the organic and inorganic layers disposed between the antenna and the substrate of the display substrate (the organic and inorganic layers disposed between the antenna and the substrate may include, for example, an encapsulation layer, a light-emitting medium layer of the light-emitting element in the pixel unit, an insulating layer, etc.).

[0144] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, two cutout portions may be provided on the first cathode voltage trace portion S11. The orthographic projection of the first end of the first antenna 31 on the substrate may be within the orthographic projection of one of the cutout portions on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second end of the first antenna 31 on the substrate may be within the orthographic projection of the other cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the two cutout portions must be greater than or equal to λ / 2n to ensure radiation efficiency.

[0145] Figure 5 At least one embodiment shown and Figure 4 The difference in at least one embodiment shown is that a fourth cutout portion 24 and a fifth cutout portion 25 are provided on the first cathode voltage trace portion S11;

[0146] The orthographic projection of the first end of the first antenna 31 onto the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the fourth cutout portion 24 onto the substrate.

[0147] The orthographic projection of the second end of the first antenna 31 onto the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the fifth cutout portion 25 onto the substrate.

[0148] The length of the fourth hollowed-out portion 24 in the vertical direction is designated as Ls4, and the length of the fifth hollowed-out portion 25 in the vertical direction is designated as Ls5.

[0149] Both Ls4 and Ls5 are greater than or equal to λ / 2n.

[0150] It is important to emphasize that, generally, creating a 40-micrometer-wide and several-millimeter-long cutout in a 0.2-millimeter-wide cathode voltage trace, while increasing the sheet resistance of the trace, will not significantly interfere with the low-level signals transmitted through it. However, if multiple antennas are to be fabricated, cutouts need to be created at multiple locations on the cathode voltage trace, resulting in a more substantial increase in sheet resistance. This can be compensated for by adjusting the width or thickness of the cathode voltage trace.

[0151] Optionally, the line width of the voltage trace with the cutout is made equal everywhere to compensate for the width of the voltage trace. The width, shape or arrangement of the compensation area can be set according to the results of electromagnetic simulation. While ensuring the narrow border requirement, the optimization aims to minimize the change in sheet resistance of the voltage trace before and after slotting.

[0152] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow portion may extend along a first direction, and the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is opposite to the third direction;

[0153] The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion that protrudes in a second direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere, thereby compensating for the width of the voltage trace portion.

[0154] In specific implementation, the first direction can be the extension direction of the voltage trace portion. For example, the first direction can be the vertical direction, the second direction can be the horizontal left direction, and the third direction can be the horizontal right direction, but it is not limited to these.

[0155] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow portion extends along a first direction, and the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is opposite to the third direction;

[0156] The voltage trace portion has a second protrusion that protrudes in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere, thereby compensating for the width of the voltage trace portion.

[0157] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow portion extends along a first direction, and the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is opposite to the third direction;

[0158] The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion protruding in a second direction and a second protrusion protruding in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere, thereby compensating for the width of the voltage trace portion.

[0159] In practical implementation, the voltage trace is provided with multiple cutouts, and the thickness of the voltage trace can be greater than the design thickness of the trace without slotting, so as to reduce and compensate for the increased slotting resistance of the voltage trace.

[0160] Optionally, the voltage trace can be a cathode voltage trace, but is not limited thereto.

[0161] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the sixth cutout portion 26, the seventh cutout portion 27 and the eighth cutout portion 28 are provided on the first cathode voltage trace portion S11, the width of the first cathode voltage trace portion S11 can be compensated. The width, shape or arrangement of the compensation area can be set according to the results of electromagnetic simulation. Under the premise of ensuring the narrow frame requirement, the sheet resistance change before and after the cathode voltage trace is slotted is minimized and optimized.

[0162] exist Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In at least one embodiment shown, the first direction can be the extension direction of the first cathode voltage trace S11, the first direction can be a vertical direction, the second direction can be a horizontal leftward direction, and the third direction can be a horizontal rightward direction, but is not limited thereto.

[0163] like Figure 6 As shown, the width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 can be compensated on the left side to ensure that the line width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 is equal everywhere. Figure 6 In the diagram, the first protrusion is labeled t11, the second protrusion is labeled t12, and the third protrusion is labeled t13. The first protrusion t11, the second protrusion t12, and the third protrusion t13 protrude horizontally to the left.

[0164] like Figure 7 As shown, the width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 can be compensated on the right side of the first cathode voltage trace S11 to ensure that the line width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 is equal everywhere. Figure 7 In the diagram, the first second protrusion is labeled t21, the second second protrusion is labeled t22, and the third second protrusion is labeled t23; the first second protrusion t21, the second second protrusion t22, and the third second protrusion t23 all protrude horizontally to the right.

[0165] like Figure 8As shown, the width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 can be compensated on both the left and right sides of the first cathode voltage trace S11 to ensure that the line width of the first cathode voltage trace S11 is equal everywhere. Figure 8 In the diagram, t11 is the first protrusion, t12 is the second protrusion, t13 is the third protrusion, t21 is the first second protrusion, t22 is the second second protrusion, and t23 is the third second protrusion. The first protrusion t11, the second protrusion t12, and the third protrusion t13 protrude horizontally to the left. The first second protrusion t21, the second second protrusion t22, and the third second protrusion t23 all protrude horizontally to the right.

[0166] In practical implementation, to ensure the lattice antenna has maximum radiation efficiency in the operating frequency band, it needs to operate in second-order mode, also known as quadrupole mode. For example... Figure 9 As shown, when the grid arrangement of the mesh antenna 90 is relatively dense, the resonant electric field distribution between the mesh antenna 90 and the metal ground is relatively uniform. In the frequency band where the radiation efficiency is significantly improved, it can be seen that the Z-direction resonant electric field between the mesh antenna 90 and the ground exhibits a quadrupole mode distribution. Figure 10 As shown, when the grid arrangement of the mesh antenna 90 is relatively sparse, the electric field distribution between the mesh antenna 90 and the metal ground is not uniform, mainly distributed along the metal lines, but the overall effect is still a distribution of a higher-order mode like a quadrupole. The densest arrangement of the grid of the mesh antenna 90 is when each grid contains one pixel unit.

[0167] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the diagram, the part labeled 91 is the cutout section located on the cathode voltage line, and the part labeled 92 is the feed line.

[0168] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is no specific limitation on the sparsest arrangement of the grid of the mesh antenna, which needs to be determined based on the electromagnetic simulation results, provided that the resonant mode of an approximate quadrupole can be guaranteed. In this second-order mode, the radiation efficiency of the mesh antenna with the cathode voltage trace having a cutout portion can be more than 15 times higher than that of the mesh antenna without the cathode voltage trace having a cutout portion.

[0169] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10 In at least one embodiment shown, the mesh antenna 90 is a U-shaped mesh antenna.

[0170] like Figure 11 As shown, curve S101 is the first frequency-efficiency curve, S102 is the second frequency-efficiency curve, and S103 is the third frequency-efficiency curve.

[0171] exist Figure 11 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the radiation frequency f0 in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the radiation efficiency e0 in %.

[0172] exist Figure 11 In the diagram, the first frequency-efficiency curve S101 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between radiation frequency and radiation efficiency when a 40-micrometer-wide cutout is opened on the voltage trace and the antenna is a U-shaped mesh antenna.

[0173] The second frequency-efficiency curve S102 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between radiation frequency and radiation efficiency when a 40-micrometer-wide cutout is opened on the voltage trace and the antenna is a U-shaped antenna without mesh.

[0174] The third frequency-efficiency curve S103 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between radiation frequency and radiation efficiency when there is no cutout on the voltage trace and the antenna is a U-shaped antenna.

[0175] A 10-micrometer-thick encapsulation layer is provided between the antenna and the voltage trace.

[0176] like Figure 11 As shown, the radiation efficiency of an antenna with a cutout on the voltage trace is much greater than that of an antenna without a cutout on the voltage trace.

[0177] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the orthogonal projection of the grid antenna on the substrate cannot block the orthogonal projection of the pixel unit disposed in the display area on the substrate, so as not to affect the display.

[0178] Optionally, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and the display substrate further includes multiple rows of gate lines and multiple columns of data lines disposed in the display area of ​​the substrate; the gate lines extend along a first direction, and the data lines extend along a second direction;

[0179] The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows are arranged along the second direction, and the antenna is a U-shaped antenna or an E-shaped antenna; or...

[0180] The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows are arranged along a third direction, which is different from the second direction and different from the first direction. The antenna is a chamfered rhomboid antenna.

[0181] When the antenna is an E-type antenna, the orthographic projection of all ends of the E-type antenna on the substrate can be within the orthographic projection of a cutout portion on the substrate, but this is not a limitation.

[0182] In specific implementation, the first direction can be the horizontal direction and the second direction can be the vertical direction. When the gap between adjacent pixel units included in the display substrate is the largest in the horizontal and vertical directions, that is, when the two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows of pixel units are arranged in the vertical direction, it is appropriate to construct a U-shaped antenna with metal mesh extending in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0183] When the gap between adjacent pixel units in the display substrate is at its maximum in the tilt direction (such as in a diamond-shaped arrangement of pixel units), that is, when it is believed that the two closest pixel units in two rows of pixel units are arranged along a third direction (the third direction is not the horizontal or vertical direction), it is suitable to construct an antenna with a rhomboid chamfer shape.

[0184] like Figure 12A As shown, the antenna labeled 110 is a rhomboid-shaped antenna with a chamfered corner. The sum of the lengths of the four sides of the rhomboid-shaped antenna 110 is approximately λ / neff, where neff is the ambient refractive index and λ is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the antenna's radiation frequency. The part labeled 91 is the cutout section, and the part labeled P1 is the pixel unit.

[0185] like Figure 12A As shown, the length of the long side of the hollowed-out portion 91 needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n to ensure radiation efficiency.

[0186] exist Figure 12B In Figure 12A Based on this, L1 is the side length of the first side of the rhomboid-shaped antenna, L2 is the side length of the second side of the rhomboid-shaped antenna, L3 is the side length of the third side of the rhomboid-shaped antenna, and L4 is the side length of the fourth side of the rhomboid-shaped antenna. The sum of L1, L2, L3 and L4 is approximately equal to λ / neff.

[0187] Optionally, the antenna is an L-shaped antenna;

[0188] The antenna includes a first end and a second end; the voltage trace is provided with a first cutout and a second cutout.

[0189] The orthographic projection of the first end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the second cutout portion on the substrate;

[0190] The first cutout portion and the second cutout portion are respectively disposed on adjacent sides of the voltage trace.

[0191] exist Figure 13A In at least one embodiment shown, the antenna 120 may include two ends. The orthographic projection of the first end of the antenna 120 on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion 21 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the second end of the antenna 120 on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the second cutout portion 22 on the substrate. The first cutout portion 21 and the second cutout portion 22 are respectively disposed on the left side and the upper side of the voltage trace E1.

[0192] The antenna 120 is an L-shaped mesh antenna. The sum of the lengths of the two right-angled sides of the L-shaped mesh antenna 120 can be approximately λ / neff or approximately equal to λ / (2neff), where neff is the ambient refractive index and λ is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna.

[0193] exist Figure 13A In at least one embodiment, the length of the long side of the first hollow portion 21 needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n, and the length of the long side of the second hollow portion 22 needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n, in order to ensure radiation efficiency.

[0194] like Figure 13B As shown, in Figure 13A Based on this, L5 is the length of the first right-angled side of antenna 120, and L6 is the length of the second right-angled side of antenna 120. The sum of L5 and L6 can be approximately equal to λ / neff or approximately equal to λ / (2neff).

[0195] In practical implementation, if the antenna is placed at the corner of the voltage trace, the antenna can be designed as an L-shape. The L-shaped antenna can operate in the fundamental mode (when the antenna radiation frequency is 30 GHz and the dielectric constant is 3, the total length of the L-shaped antenna can be about 3 mm), or in the second-order mode (when the antenna radiation frequency is 30 GHz and the dielectric constant is 3, the total length of the L-shaped antenna can be about 6 mm), or in a higher-order mode.

[0196] Optionally, the antenna is a rectangular antenna or a T-shaped antenna; a first cutout is provided on the voltage trace;

[0197] The orthographic projection of one end of the antenna on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate.

[0198] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, a cutout portion can be formed at one end of the antenna. Generally, the radiation efficiency of an antenna with a slot at one end is slightly lower, but still much higher than that of an antenna without a cutout portion on the voltage line. The single-end slotted antenna can operate on a base film, but is not limited thereto.

[0199] exist Figure 14 In at least one embodiment shown, the antenna 130 may include two ends. The orthographic projection of the first end of the antenna 130 onto the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion 21 onto the substrate. The antenna 130 is a rectangular grid antenna, and the length of the long side of the antenna 130 perpendicular to the first cutout portion 21 is approximately equal to λ / (2neff), where neff is the ambient refractive index and λ is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the antenna's radiation frequency. When the antenna's radiation frequency is in the 30GHz band, in an environment with a dielectric constant of 3, the length of the long side of the antenna 130 perpendicular to the first cutout portion 21 is between 2mm and 3mm. The specific dimensions need to be optimized through simulation design based on the grid density, grid shape, and the specific position of the orthographic projection of the antenna end within the slotted area.

[0200] exist Figure 14 In at least one embodiment shown, the length of the long side of the first hollow portion 21 needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n to ensure radiation efficiency.

[0201] exist Figure 14 In at least one embodiment shown, the grid of the antenna 130 can be a long rectangle. In specific implementations, the grid of the antenna 130 can also be a smaller square or rectangle.

[0202] exist Figure 15A In at least one embodiment shown, the antenna 140 may include three ends, the first end of the antenna 140 being projected onto the substrate in the orthogonal projection of the first cutout portion 21 onto the substrate; the antenna 130 is a T-shaped mesh antenna.

[0203] exist Figure 15A In at least one embodiment shown, the length of the long side of the first hollow portion 21 needs to be greater than or equal to λ / 2n to ensure radiation efficiency.

[0204] like Figure 15B As shown, in Figure 15A Based on this, the length labeled L7 is the first length, and the length labeled L8 is the second length. The sum of L7 and L8 / 2 can be approximately equal to λ / (2neff) or approximately equal to λ / (neff), where neff is the ambient refractive index and λ is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna.

[0205] exist Figure 15A , Figure 15B In at least one embodiment shown, the antenna 140 can be considered as a combination of two L-shaped antennas.

[0206] exist Figure 15A , Figure 15B In at least one embodiment shown, the grid of the antenna 140 can be a long rectangle. In specific implementations, the grid of the antenna 140 can also be a smaller square or rectangle.

[0207] exist Figure 14 , Figure 15A and Figure 15B In the diagram, the line labeled E1 is the voltage trace.

[0208] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the antenna is not limited to the U-shape, E-shape, rectangular shape, T-shape, rhomboid chamfered shape and L-shape mentioned above. The shape of the antenna can be selected according to the actual situation, such as comb shape.

[0209] The display substrate described in at least one embodiment of the present invention may further include a touch layer disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate.

[0210] The antenna is disposed on the side of the touch layer away from the encapsulation layer. The display substrate further includes an insulating layer disposed between the touch layer and the antenna. The orthographic projection of the insulating layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the antenna on the substrate.

[0211] In practical implementation, both the antenna and the touch layer are integrated into the space above the encapsulation layer. This raises the issue of potential conflicts between the antenna and touch layer traces. The antenna can be positioned on the side of the touch layer away from the encapsulation layer, with an insulating layer between them. When the antenna crosses the display area, driving circuit area, and voltage traces, it may conflict with the traces connecting to the touch layer. In this case, an insulating layer is placed between the antenna and the touch layer, allowing the externally arranged traces to cross over the antenna.

[0212] Optionally, the thickness of the insulating layer can be about 5 micrometers, but is not limited thereto.

[0213] Optionally, the touch layer includes multiple rows and columns of touch units; multiple touch signal lines are provided in the touch units;

[0214] The line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is greater than the line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna.

[0215] The number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is less than the number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna.

[0216] In practical implementation, it is necessary to compensate for the touch units that overlap with the antenna, that is, to increase the line width of the touch signal lines in the touch units that overlap with the antenna, so as to reduce the conduction resistance and reasonably reduce the number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines in the touch units that overlap with the antenna.

[0217] like Figure 16 As shown, the touch layer includes multiple rows and columns of touch units;

[0218] The first antenna 31 overlaps with the first touch unit T1 and the second touch unit T2, and the second antenna 32 overlaps with the second touch unit T2 and the third touch unit T3;

[0219] Here, it is necessary to appropriately increase the metal line width in the first touch unit T1, the second touch unit T2, and the third touch unit T3 to reduce the conduction resistance. At the same time, the number of metal break points in the first touch unit T1, the second touch unit T2, and the third touch unit T3 can be reasonably reduced.

[0220] exist Figure 16 In the diagram, section number 21 is the first openwork section, and section number 22 is the second openwork section.

[0221] The method for manufacturing a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to manufacture the aforementioned display substrate. The method for manufacturing the display substrate includes:

[0222] Multiple pixel units are fabricated in the display area of ​​the substrate, voltage traces are fabricated in the peripheral area of ​​the substrate, and cutouts are provided in the voltage traces.

[0223] An encapsulation layer is formed on the side of the voltage trace away from the substrate.

[0224] A grid-shaped antenna is directly fabricated on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, such that at least a portion of the ends of the grid-shaped antenna are orthogonally projected onto the substrate and the cutout portion is in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate.

[0225] In related technologies, antennas are fabricated using thin-film bonding processes, which cannot achieve precise alignment. However, in the display substrate fabrication method described in this invention, a grid-like antenna is directly fabricated on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, enabling precise alignment and flexible fabrication of compactly arranged antenna arrays.

[0226] In related technologies, on-screen antennas need to be fabricated on a flexible film first, and then the flexible film is attached to the display screen, which increases the thickness of the display screen by more than 100 micrometers, which is not conducive to the thinning and flexibility of the display screen. By using the display substrate and manufacturing method described in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the display screen can be basically not increased, which is conducive to the thinning of the display screen, and has no impact on functions such as folding and bending.

[0227] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, a grid-like antenna can be fabricated using semiconductor photolithography.

[0228] Optionally, the voltage trace includes a first voltage trace portion, a second voltage trace portion, a third voltage trace portion, and a fourth voltage trace portion; the first voltage trace portion is disposed on a first side of the display area, the second voltage trace portion is disposed on a second side of the display area, the third voltage trace portion is disposed on a third side of the display area, and the fourth voltage trace portion is disposed on a fourth side of the display area.

[0229] The first side and the second side are opposite sides, the third side and the fourth side are opposite sides, the first side and the third side are adjacent sides, and the second side and the third side are adjacent sides; a driving integrated circuit is provided on the fourth side of the display area;

[0230] The step of setting a cutout in the voltage trace includes: setting the cutout in at least one of the first voltage trace, the second voltage trace, and the third voltage trace.

[0231] Between the step of fabricating an encapsulation layer on the side of the voltage trace away from the substrate and the step of directly fabricating a grid-like antenna on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, the method for fabricating a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0232] A touch layer is formed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate.

[0233] An insulating layer is formed on the side of the touch layer away from the encapsulation layer, such that the orthogonal projection of the insulating layer on the substrate covers the orthogonal projection of the grid antenna on the substrate.

[0234] The display device described in this embodiment of the invention includes the display substrate described above.

[0235] The display device provided in this embodiment of the invention can be any product or component with display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigator.

[0236] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized by, The device includes a substrate, voltage traces disposed in a peripheral region of the substrate, an encapsulation layer disposed on the side of the voltage traces away from the substrate, and a plurality of pixel units disposed in a display area of ​​the substrate; the encapsulation layer is disposed in both the peripheral region of the substrate and the display area of ​​the substrate. The display substrate further includes an antenna disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and the antenna is a grid antenna; The voltage traces are provided with cutouts; At least a portion of the antenna's end is orthographically projected onto the substrate in the orthographic projection of the cutout portion onto the substrate. 2.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The voltage trace includes a first voltage trace portion, a second voltage trace portion, a third voltage trace portion, and a fourth voltage trace portion; the first voltage trace portion is disposed on a first side of the display area, the second voltage trace portion is disposed on a second side of the display area, the third voltage trace portion is disposed on a third side of the display area, and the fourth voltage trace portion is disposed on a fourth side of the display area. The first side and the second side are opposite sides, the third side and the fourth side are opposite sides, the first side and the third side are adjacent sides, and the second side and the third side are adjacent sides; a driving integrated circuit is provided on the fourth side of the display area; The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first voltage trace portion, the second voltage trace portion, and the third voltage trace portion.

3. The display substrate as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The surrounding area includes a voltage trace area and a packaging area; the voltage trace area is located on the side of the packaging area closer to the display area; the voltage trace is located in the voltage trace area; The voltage trace is a cathode voltage trace; the display substrate includes a first driving circuit region disposed on a first side of the display area, and a second driving circuit region disposed on a second side of the display area; The cathode voltage trace includes a first cathode voltage trace portion, a second cathode voltage trace portion, and a third cathode voltage trace portion disposed on the third side of the display area; The first cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the first driving circuit area, and the second cathode voltage trace is disposed between the package area and the second driving circuit area; The hollow portion is disposed on at least one of the first cathode voltage trace portion, the second cathode voltage trace portion, and the third cathode voltage trace portion. 4.The display substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The cutout is a rectangular cutout, and the first long side and the second long side of the cutout extend along the extension direction of the voltage trace. 5.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The absolute value of the difference between the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna end on the substrate and the first long side of the cutout portion and the shortest distance between the orthographic projection of at least a portion of the antenna end on the substrate and the second long side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to a distance difference threshold. The distance difference threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 μm. 6.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The antenna has multiple ends, and the orthographic projection of the multiple ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer. 7.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The antenna has N ends, and the voltage trace has N cutouts; N is an integer greater than 1, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to N; the orth projection of the nth end on the substrate is within the orth projection of the nth cutout on the voltage trace on the substrate. The length of the long side of the hollow portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n; where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer. 8.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The antenna has multiple ends, and the orthographic projection of one of the multiple ends on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the cutout portion on the substrate. The length of the long side of the cutout portion is greater than or equal to λ / 2n, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the radiation frequency of the antenna, and n is the refractive index of the encapsulation layer. 9.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The voltage traces with cutouts have the same line width everywhere. 10.The display substrate of claim 9, wherein, The hollowed-out portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction. The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion that protrudes in a second direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere. 11.The display substrate of claim 9, wherein, The hollowed-out portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction. The voltage trace portion has a second protrusion that protrudes in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere.

12. The display substrate as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The hollowed-out portion extends along a first direction, and the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction, with the second direction being opposite to the third direction. The voltage trace portion has a first protrusion protruding in a second direction and a second protrusion protruding in a third direction, so that the line width of the voltage trace in the cutout portion is equal everywhere. 13.The display substrate of claim 9, wherein, The line width of the voltage trace with the cutout portion is A, and the length of the short side of the cutout portion is less than or equal to A / 4. 14.The display substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and the display substrate also includes multiple rows of gate lines and multiple columns of data lines disposed in the display area of ​​the substrate; the gate lines extend along a first direction, and the data lines extend along a second direction; The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows of pixel units are arranged along the second direction, and the antenna is a U-shaped antenna or an E-shaped antenna; or, The two closest pixel units in two adjacent rows are arranged along a third direction, which is different from the second direction and different from the first direction. The antenna is a chamfered rhomboid antenna. 15.The display substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The antenna is an L-shaped antenna; The antenna includes a first end and a second end; the voltage trace is provided with a first cutout and a second cutout. The orthographic projection of the first end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second end on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the second cutout portion on the substrate. The first cutout portion and the second cutout portion are respectively disposed on adjacent sides of the voltage trace. 16.The display substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The antenna is a rectangular antenna or a T-shaped antenna; a first cutout is provided on the voltage trace; The orthographic projection of one end of the antenna on the substrate is in the orthographic projection of the first cutout portion on the substrate.

17. The display substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, It also includes a touch layer disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate; The antenna is disposed on the side of the touch layer away from the encapsulation layer. The display substrate further includes an insulating layer disposed between the touch layer and the antenna. The orthographic projection of the insulating layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the antenna on the substrate. 18.The display substrate of claim 17, wherein, The touch layer includes multiple rows and columns of touch units; multiple touch signal lines are provided in each touch unit; The line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is greater than the line width of the touch signal lines in the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna. The number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that overlap with the antenna is less than the number of breakpoints in the touch signal lines of the multi-row, multi-column touch units that do not overlap with the antenna.

19. A method for manufacturing a display substrate, used to manufacture the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the display substrate includes: Multiple pixel units are fabricated in the display area of ​​the substrate, voltage traces are fabricated in the peripheral area of ​​the substrate, and cutouts are provided in the voltage traces. An encapsulation layer is formed on the side of the voltage trace away from the substrate. A grid-shaped antenna is directly fabricated on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, such that at least a portion of the ends of the grid-shaped antenna are orthogonally projected onto the substrate and the cutout portion is in the orthogonal projection onto the substrate.

20. A display device comprising: Includes the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1 to 18.

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