Classified charging and preheating system of scrap steel electric furnace, preheating electric furnace and steelmaking process

Abstract

The present invention provides a classified charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, a preheating electric furnace and a steelmaking process. The classified charging and preheating system comprises: a vertical shaft, a horizontal charging device, a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism; the first conveying mechanism is connected to the entrance of the vertical shaft, and the discharge port of the vertical shaft is connected to the horizontal charging device. The vertical shaft preheats medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel and loads them into the horizontal charging device; the second conveying mechanism is connected to the charging section of the horizontal charging device, and light-weight scrap steel is loaded into the horizontal charging device through the second conveying mechanism; the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-weight scrap steel in the vertical shaft can fall onto the light-weight scrap steel in the horizontal charging device, and the horizontal charging device is used to convey the light-weight scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-weight scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device, thereby solving the technical problem that it is difficult to ensure that the scrap steel does not melt and stick during the preheating and charging process and can enter the electric arc furnace smoothly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, and in particular to a classified charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, a preheating electric furnace and a steelmaking process. Background Art

[0002] Electric furnace steelmaking is a steelmaking process that primarily uses scrap steel as raw material. Because it eliminates the need for an ironmaking system, it is known as a short-process steelmaking technology. Compared to the long blast furnace and converter process, the short-process EAF steelmaking reduces pollutant emissions by approximately 60%, making it more environmentally friendly. However, considering the acquisition costs of scrap steel and the electricity costs of steelmaking, the production costs of EAF steelmaking are relatively high, hindering its widespread adoption.

[0003] The scrap steel preheating electric furnace directly uses the high-temperature flue gas generated during the electric furnace smelting process to preheat the scrap steel, which can reduce the power consumption per ton of steel by 20 to 100 kWh / t. It has great advantages in energy saving and cost reduction, and is an electric furnace steelmaking process with relatively low production costs.

[0004] Currently, the most basic technology for scrap preheating electric arc furnaces involves preheating the scrap using the furnace's flue gas. These shaft-type scrap preheating furnaces consist of a vertical shaft where the scrap is preheated. Finger valves or push plates control the flow of preheated scrap into the furnace. However, ensuring smooth and stable delivery of the scrap to the furnace during preheating and loading can be challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a classified charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, a preheating electric furnace and a steelmaking process, so as to solve the technical problem of preventing the scrap steel from melting and sticking during the preheating and charging process and ensuring that the scrap steel can enter the electric arc furnace smoothly and steadily.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a classification charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, comprising: a vertical shaft, a horizontal charging device, a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism;

[0008] The first conveying mechanism is connected to the inlet of the vertical shaft, and the discharge port of the vertical shaft is connected to the horizontal feeding device. Medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel are loaded into the vertical shaft through the first conveying mechanism. The vertical shaft preheats the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel and loads them into the horizontal feeding device.

[0009] The second conveying mechanism is connected to the feeding section of the horizontal feeding device, and the light and thin scrap steel is loaded into the horizontal feeding device through the second conveying mechanism;

[0010] Moreover, the position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft is located at the rear side of the feeding section, and the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel in the vertical shaft can fall onto the light-weight scrap steel in the horizontal feeding device. The horizontal feeding device is used to transport light-weight scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-weight scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying mechanism includes an inclined bridge loading mechanism, and the upper end of the inclined bridge loading mechanism is aligned with the entrance of the shaft.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying mechanism includes a cross-carriage and a cross-carriage material basket, the cross-carriage material basket is installed on the cross-carriage, and the cross-carriage can convey the cross-carriage material basket to the inclined bridge loading mechanism.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying mechanism includes a high-level transverse movement mechanism, which is used to convey medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel to the cross-car basket.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the high-level transverse mechanism includes a high-level transverse rail and a high-level transverse vehicle, the high-level transverse rail has a discharge position and loading positions located on both sides of the discharge position, and the cross-over vehicle can move to the discharge position.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the high-level transverse rail is perpendicular to the movement direction of the straddle vehicle; the first conveying mechanism includes at least two high-level transverse mechanisms, and at least two high-level transverse rails are distributed along the movement direction of the straddle vehicle.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying mechanism includes a high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle, and the high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle is used to convey medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel to the inclined bridge loading mechanism.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the moving direction of the high-low rail traverse vehicle is perpendicular to the moving direction of the straddle vehicle.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the second conveying mechanism includes a chain conveyor.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the horizontal feeding device includes a preheating section arranged behind the feeding section, and the preheating section includes a cover body, and light and thin scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy scrap steel all move from front to back inside the cover body; the position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft is located on the front side of the cover body.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the cover is connected to a dynamic sealing device.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the horizontal feeding device includes a steel pressing device, which is located in front of the position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft, and the steel pressing device is used to apply pressure to the light and thin scrap steel to reduce its height.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge port of the shaft is provided with a push plate device, which is used to push the preheated medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel into the horizontal feeding device.

[0023] The present invention provides a preheating electric furnace, comprising: an electric arc furnace device and the above-mentioned scrap steel electric furnace classification charging and preheating system, wherein the horizontal charging device is connected to the electric arc furnace device, and the horizontal charging device can transport light and thin scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device.

[0024] The present invention provides a steelmaking process using a preheating electric furnace, which uses the above-mentioned preheating electric furnace. The steelmaking process includes:

[0025] The first conveying mechanism loads the medium-sized scrap and the heavy-sized scrap into the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft preheats the medium-sized scrap and the heavy-sized scrap and loads them into the horizontal feeding device;

[0026] The second conveying mechanism loads the light and thin scrap steel into the horizontal feeding device;

[0027] The horizontal feeding device transports light and thin scrap steel, medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device;

[0028] The electric arc furnace device is used to make steel from preheated light and thin scrap steel, medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the shaft utilizes the high-temperature flue gas emitted by the electric arc furnace device to preheat the medium-sized scrap steel and the heavy-duty scrap steel.

[0030] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are:

[0031] This classified charging and preheating system utilizes a first conveyor mechanism and a second conveyor mechanism to separately load light scrap, medium scrap, and heavy scrap. These mechanisms work in tandem to achieve continuous charging of the shaft while simultaneously loading light scrap separately from medium and heavy scrap. This prevents premature melting of the light scrap and subsequent sticking when preheating the light scrap alongside the medium and heavy scrap in the shaft. This prevents melting and sticking of the light scrap, ensuring smooth and integrated delivery of the different types of scrap into the electric arc furnace. Furthermore, this system eliminates the need for finger valves, eliminating safety hazards such as explosions caused by leaking finger valves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the classified charging and preheating system for the scrap steel electric furnace provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the classified charging and preheating system of the scrap steel electric furnace provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 AA direction schematic diagram;

[0037] Figure 5-Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 1 BB direction schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 2 The front view of the horizontal charging device in the classified charging and preheating system of the scrap steel electric furnace shown;

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0042] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a preheating electric furnace provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram of the connection between the horizontal charging device and the electric arc furnace device in the preheating type electric furnace shown;

[0044] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the steps of the steelmaking process of the preheating electric furnace provided by the present invention.

[0045] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0046] 100. First conveying mechanism;

[0047] 1. Inclined bridge loading mechanism; 11. Inclined bridge loading trolley; 12. Inclined bridge track;

[0048] 2. Straddle car; 21. Straddle car basket; 22. Straddle car track;

[0049] 3. High-position transverse movement mechanism;

[0050] 31. High-position transverse transfer vehicle; 311. High-position transverse transfer basket; 312. Basket weighing device;

[0051] 32. High-level horizontal rail; 321. Unloading position; 322. Loading position;

[0052] 4. High and low rail transverse moving vehicle;

[0053] 200, second conveying mechanism; 5, chain conveyor;

[0054] 6. Vertical shaft; 61. Push plate device; 611. Heat-resistant push plate; 612. Driving hydraulic cylinder;

[0055] 7. Horizontal feeding device; 71. Feeding section; 72. Preheating section;

[0056] 73. Steel pressing device; 731. Pressing roller;

[0057] 74. Cover body; 741. Dynamic sealing device;

[0058] 81. Light and thin scrap steel; 82. Medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel;

[0059] 300. Electric arc furnace device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Option 1

[0062] The present invention provides a classification charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, the classified feeding and preheating system includes: a vertical shaft 6, a horizontal feeding device 7, a first conveying mechanism 100 and a second conveying mechanism 200;

[0063] The first conveying mechanism 100 is connected to the entrance of the shaft 6, and the discharge port of the shaft 6 is connected to the horizontal feeding device 7. The medium-sized scrap and heavy-sized scrap 82 are loaded into the shaft 6 through the first conveying mechanism. The shaft 6 preheats the medium-sized scrap and heavy-sized scrap 82 and then loads them into the horizontal feeding device 7.

[0064] The second conveying mechanism 200 is connected to the feeding section 71 of the horizontal feeding device 7, and the light and thin scrap steel 81 is loaded into the horizontal feeding device 7 through the second conveying mechanism;

[0065] In addition, the position where the horizontal feeding device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft 6 is located on the rear side of the feeding section 71. The medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82 in the vertical shaft 6 can fall onto the light and thin scrap steel 81 in the horizontal feeding device 7. The horizontal feeding device 7 is used to transport the light and thin scrap steel 81, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82 to the electric arc furnace device 300.

[0066] This classified charging and preheating system utilizes a first conveying mechanism 100 and a second conveying mechanism 200 to separately load light and thin scrap 81 and medium and heavy scrap 82, respectively. These mechanisms work in tandem to achieve continuous charging of the shaft 6 while simultaneously enabling separate loading of light and thin scrap 81 from medium and heavy scrap 82. This prevents premature melting of the light and thin scrap 81 when preheated together with the medium and heavy scrap 82 in the shaft 6, potentially leading to steel sticking and jamming. This ensures that different types of scrap can be smoothly fed into the electric arc furnace 300. Furthermore, this system eliminates the need for finger valves, eliminating safety hazards such as explosions caused by leaking finger valves.

[0067] In one embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 100 includes an inclined bridge loading mechanism 1, the upper end of which is aligned with the entrance of the vertical shaft 6. The medium-sized scrap and heavy-duty scrap 82 are transported to the top of the vertical shaft 6 via the inclined bridge loading mechanism 1, where they fall into the vertical shaft 6 under the action of gravity. Specifically, the inclined bridge loading mechanism 1 includes an inclined bridge loading trolley 11 and an inclined bridge track 12. The inclined bridge loading trolley 11 is used to carry the medium-sized scrap and heavy-duty scrap 82. Driven by a hoisting device, the inclined bridge loading trolley 11 can travel along the inclined bridge track 12 to the top of the vertical shaft 6.

[0068] Furthermore, the first conveying mechanism 100 includes a cross-carriage 2 and a cross-carriage basket 21. The cross-carriage basket 21 is mounted on the cross-carriage 2. The cross-carriage 2 can transport the cross-carriage basket 21 to the inclined bridge loading mechanism 1. The cross-carriage basket 21 is used to carry medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82. The cross-carriage 2 can drive the cross-carriage basket 21 to move above the lower end of the inclined bridge track 12. The cross-carriage basket 21 can transfer the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82 to the inclined bridge loading trolley 11. The cross-carriage basket 21 can be a bottom-opening scrap steel basket, the bottom of which can be opened and closed by an on-board hydraulic cylinder.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 100 includes a high-level transverse movement mechanism 3, which is used to convey the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82 to the cross-car basket 21 to further improve the loading efficiency of the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82.

[0070] like Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the high-level transverse mechanism 3 includes a high-level transverse rail 32 and a high-level transverse vehicle 31. The high-level transverse rail 32 has a discharge position 321 and loading positions 322 located on either side of the discharge position 321. The cross-carriage 2 can move to the discharge position 321. The high-level transverse vehicle 31 is equipped with a high-level transverse basket 311. The high-level transverse basket 311 can be a bottom-opening scrap basket. The bottom of the bottom-opening scrap basket can be opened by an onboard hydraulic cylinder to facilitate the transfer of medium-sized and heavy scrap 82 from the bottom to the cross-carriage basket 21. Preferably, the high-level transverse vehicle 31 is equipped with a scrap basket weighing device 312.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 100 includes a cross-carriage track 22, along which the cross-carriage 2 moves. The cross-carriage track 22 is at least partially disposed below the unloading position 321 of the elevated transverse rail 32. Preferably, the elevated transverse rail 32 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the cross-carriage 2, i.e., the elevated transverse rail 32 is perpendicular to the cross-carriage track 22. The first conveying mechanism 100 includes at least two elevated transverse mechanisms 3, with the at least two elevated transverse rails 32 distributed along the direction of movement of the cross-carriage 2, so as to facilitate the conveyance of medium-sized and heavy-duty scrap 82 from various areas to the cross-carriage 2, thereby improving loading efficiency.

[0072] In one embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 100 includes a high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle 4, which is used to transport medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82 to the inclined bridge loading mechanism 1. The high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle 4 cooperates with the cross-bridge vehicle 2 to improve the loading efficiency of medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82, which is more conducive to improving the continuity of loading. Preferably, as Figure 2 As shown, the moving direction of the high-low track transverse vehicle 4 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the straddle vehicle 2.

[0073] In one embodiment, the second conveying mechanism 200 includes a chain conveyor 5, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7-Figure 8As shown, light and thin scrap 81 is loaded into the horizontal feeding device 7 via the chain conveyor 5. The second conveyor mechanism 200 is not limited to the chain conveyor 5. For example, the second conveyor mechanism 200 can also utilize the inclined bridge loading trolley 11. Alternatively, the second conveyor mechanism 200 can utilize a transport structure that combines the chain conveyor 5, the inclined bridge loading trolley 11, and the cross-carriage 2. In this classified feeding and preheating system, the first conveyor mechanism 100 and the second conveyor mechanism 200 are combined to achieve efficient and continuous loading of medium-sized and heavy scrap 82 with light and thin scrap 81 through classified loading.

[0074] Light and thin scrap steel 81 moves from front to back, while medium and heavy scrap steel 82 move from front to back. The position where the horizontal feeding device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the shaft 6 is located on the rear side of the feeding section 71. Specifically, the position where the horizontal feeding device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the shaft 6 can be located in the feeding section 71, and at the rear part of the feeding section 71; the position where the horizontal feeding device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the shaft 6 can also be located outside the feeding section 71, that is, the feeding section 71 and this position are distributed sequentially from front to back. Light and thin scrap steel 81, medium and heavy scrap steel 82 can be classified according to relevant standards and actual working conditions. The classification of light and thin scrap steel 81, medium and heavy scrap steel 82 is existing technology. Specifically, light and thin scrap steel 81, medium and heavy scrap steel 82 are classified according to relevant national standards.

[0075] The light and thin scrap steel 81 is first loaded into the horizontal feeding device 7, and the light and thin scrap steel 81 moves along the horizontal feeding device 7. The medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82 in the vertical shaft 6 can fall onto the light and thin scrap steel 81 in the horizontal feeding device 7. The two are in contact, and the light and thin scrap steel 81 absorbs the heat of the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82, and preheats the light and thin scrap steel 81, thereby realizing the separate loading and preheating of the light and thin scrap steel 81 and the medium-sized scrap steel and the medium-sized scrap steel. The light and thin scrap steel 81 does not need to enter the vertical shaft 6 for preheating, thereby avoiding the problem of steel sticking and steel jamming caused by the early melting of the light and thin scrap steel 81.

[0076] In one embodiment, the horizontal feeding device 7 includes a preheating section 72 disposed behind the feeding section 71. The preheating section 72 includes a cover 74. Light and thin scrap steel 81, medium-sized scrap steel, and heavy scrap steel 82 all move from front to back within the cover 74. The position where the horizontal feeding device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the shaft 6 is located in front of the cover 74. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, within the cover 74, light and thin scrap 81, medium and heavy scrap 82 move from front to back, with the medium and heavy scrap 82 positioned above the light and thin scrap 81. This facilitates heat transfer from the medium and heavy scrap 82 to the light and thin scrap 81, preheating the light and thin scrap 81 and ensuring a good preheating effect. The cover 74 can reduce heat loss.

[0077] Furthermore, the housing 74 is connected to a dynamic sealing device 741, which is capable of extracting external air from the feeding section 71 into the housing 74. Specifically, the dynamic sealing device 741 includes an exhaust mechanism, and a -100 Pa (gauge pressure) area is formed below the exhaust mechanism. The pressure inside the housing 74 is -200 Pa. This reduces the amount of external air entering the housing 74 and prevents exhaust gas from escaping from the feeding section 71, thereby forcing the exhaust gas inside the housing 74 to be discharged out of the vertical shaft passage.

[0078] In one embodiment, the horizontal feeding device 7 includes a steel pressing device 73, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the steel pressing device 73 is located in front of the connection between the horizontal feeding device 7 and the discharge port of the vertical shaft 6. The steel pressing device 73 is used to apply pressure to the light and thin scrap 81 to reduce its height. As the light and thin scrap 81 moves from front to back, the steel pressing device 73 applies pressure to the light and thin scrap 81, flattening it, thereby facilitating the drop of medium-sized and heavy-duty scrap 82 onto the light and thin scrap 81. Specifically, the steel pressing device 73 includes a pressing roller 731 and a steel pressing drive mechanism. The pressing roller 731 is mounted at the lower end of the steel pressing drive mechanism. The steel pressing drive mechanism is used to drive the pressing roller 731 to rise and fall. When the pressing roller 731 falls, it contacts and applies pressure to the light and thin scrap 81. In one embodiment, the steel pressing drive mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder.

[0079] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the discharge port of the shaft 6 is provided with a push plate device 61, which is used to push the preheated medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel 82 into the horizontal feeding device 7. Specifically, the push plate device 61 includes a heat-resistant push plate 611 and a driving hydraulic cylinder 612.

[0080] The medium scrap and heavy scrap 82 in the shaft 6 fall onto the light scrap 81 in the horizontal feeding device 7. On the one hand, the light scrap 81 is preheated by conduction using the high-temperature medium or heavy scrap. Figure 1 The classified charging and preheating system shown is designed and arranged using a 100t electric furnace as an example, which can save 40 to 60 kWh / t of electricity consumption. On the other hand, the horizontal charging trough of the horizontal charging device 7 is usually provided with a water-cooling plate. This embodiment is conducive to reducing the cooling of the preheated scrap steel by the water-cooling plate.

[0081] In this classified feeding and preheating system, the high-position transverse transfer vehicle 31, the cross-over vehicle 2, the high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle 4 and the inclined bridge loading trolley 11 cooperate with each other to transport medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82; the inclined bridge loading trolley 11 and the chain conveyor 5 cooperate to transport different types of scrap steel; and the horizontal feeding device 7 is provided with a feeding section 71 that cooperates with the chain conveyor 5 and a feeding position that cooperates with the vertical shaft 6, which performs coordinated preheating of the vertical shaft preheating + the push plate device + the horizontal feeding device preheating, thereby realizing the classified continuous feeding and preheating of scrap steel.

[0082] Option 2

[0083] The present invention provides a preheating type electric furnace, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the preheating electric furnace includes an electric arc furnace apparatus 300 and the aforementioned classified charging and preheating system for the scrap steel electric furnace. A horizontal charging device 7 is connected to the electric arc furnace apparatus 300 and is capable of conveying light and thin scrap 81, medium-sized scrap, and heavy scrap 82 to the electric arc furnace apparatus 300. This preheating electric furnace has the technical features and benefits of the aforementioned classified charging and preheating system, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0084] Option 3

[0085] The present invention provides a steelmaking process using a preheating electric furnace, wherein the preheating electric furnace is used. Figure 13 As shown, the steelmaking process includes:

[0086] Step S1: The first conveying mechanism 100 loads the medium-sized scrap steel and the heavy-sized scrap steel 82 into the vertical shaft 6. The vertical shaft 6 preheats the medium-sized scrap steel and the heavy-sized scrap steel 82 and loads them into the horizontal feeding device 7.

[0087] Step S2, the second conveying mechanism 200 loads the light and thin scrap steel 81 into the horizontal feeding device 7;

[0088] Step S3, the horizontal feeding device 7 transports the light and thin scrap steel 81, the medium scrap steel and the heavy scrap steel 82 to the electric arc furnace device 300;

[0089] In step S4 , the electric arc furnace device 300 performs steelmaking on the preheated light and thin scrap steel 81 , medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel 82 .

[0090] The steelmaking process of this preheating electric furnace has the technical characteristics and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned preheating electric furnace, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] In one embodiment, the shaft 6 uses the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the electric arc furnace device 300 to preheat the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel 82, which is conducive to fully utilizing the heat energy and is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Specifically, the shaft 6 receives the flue gas from the electric arc furnace device 300 and preheats the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the vertical shaft 6 is located outside the electric arc furnace apparatus 300, and the two are connected by a horizontal charging device 7. There is a distance between the two, which is conducive to the complete combustion of carbon monoxide in the preheating furnace flue gas and the reliable and efficient operation of the production. The electric arc furnace apparatus 300 can be a steelmaking electric arc furnace.

[0092] Through step S1, the loading of medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel 82 is completed.

[0093] In one embodiment, step S1 includes: loading the scrap steel into the high-level transverse vehicle 31 by a cross-plate magnetic disk crane or a steel grabber, and after the scrap steel loading amount reaches the set amount, the high-level transverse vehicle 31 can transport the bottom-open scrap steel basket to the unloading position 321 of the high-level transverse rail 32, open the bottom-open scrap steel basket, and load the scrap steel into the cross-car basket 21 from the bottom of the bottom-open scrap steel basket; the cross-car 2 filled with scrap steel drives to the loading position 322 of the inclined bridge loading trolley 11, opens the cross-car basket 21, and loads the scrap steel into the inclined bridge loading trolley 11; the inclined bridge loading trolley filled with scrap steel runs to the top of the vertical shaft 6, and loads the scrap steel into the interior of the vertical shaft 6 for preheating; the preheated scrap steel in the vertical shaft 6 is pushed by the push plate mechanism into the top of the light and thin scrap steel 81 in the horizontal feeding system, and then put into the furnace for smelting together with the light and thin scrap steel 81.

[0094] In one embodiment, a scrap steel basket weighing device 312 is provided on the high-low rail transverse vehicle 4, and step S1 includes: medium-sized scrap steel and heavy scrap steel 82 are loaded into the high-low rail transverse vehicle 4 by a scrap steel cross-disk crane or a steel grabber. After the scrap steel loading amount reaches the set amount, the high-low rail transverse vehicle 4 can be directly driven to the loading position 322 of the inclined bridge loading trolley 11 for loading.

[0095] Step S2 involves loading thin scrap 81 into the chain conveyor 5 using a scrap spanning disk crane or a steel grabber. The chain conveyor 5 then transfers the thin scrap 81 to the feeding section 71 of the horizontal feeding device 7. The thin scrap 81 is then fed into the electric arc furnace 300 along with the medium and heavy scrap 82 pushed into the horizontal feeding device 7 from the shaft 6. Upon entering the preheating section 72 from the feeding section 71, the thin scrap 81 is pressed to a set height by the steel pressing device 73 before entering the preheating section 72, ensuring that the preheated medium and heavy scrap 82 can be loaded into the shaft 6.

[0096] The above descriptions are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A classification charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace, characterized in that: include: A vertical shaft, a horizontal feeding device, a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism; The first conveying mechanism is connected to the inlet of the vertical shaft, and the discharge port of the vertical shaft is connected to the horizontal feeding device. Medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel are loaded into the vertical shaft through the first conveying mechanism. The vertical shaft preheats the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel and loads them into the horizontal feeding device. The second conveying mechanism is connected to the feeding section of the horizontal feeding device, and the light and thin scrap steel is loaded into the horizontal feeding device through the second conveying mechanism; Furthermore, the position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft is located at the rear side of the feeding section, so that the medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel in the vertical shaft can fall onto the light-sized scrap steel in the horizontal feeding device. The horizontal feeding device is used to transport the light-sized scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-sized scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device; The first conveying mechanism includes an inclined bridge loading mechanism, the upper end of which is aligned with the entrance of the shaft; The horizontal feeding device includes a preheating section arranged behind the feeding section, the preheating section includes a cover, and the light and thin scrap steel, medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel all move from front to back inside the cover; The position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft is located on the front side of the cover body.

2. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism includes a cross-carriage and a cross-carriage material basket. The cross-carriage material basket is installed on the cross-carriage, and the cross-carriage can convey the cross-carriage material basket to the inclined bridge loading mechanism.

3. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism includes a high-level transverse movement mechanism, and the high-level transverse movement mechanism is used to convey medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel to the cross-car basket; The high-position transverse movement mechanism includes a high-position transverse movement rail and a high-position transverse movement vehicle. The high-position transverse movement rail has a discharge position and loading positions located on both sides of the discharge position. The crossing vehicle can move to the discharge position.

4. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-position transverse rail is perpendicular to the movement direction of the straddle vehicle; The first conveying mechanism includes at least two high-level transverse movement mechanisms, and at least two high-level transverse movement rails are distributed along the movement direction of the straddle vehicle.

5. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism includes a high-low rail transverse transfer vehicle, which is used to convey medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel to the inclined bridge loading mechanism; The moving direction of the high-low rail transverse vehicle is perpendicular to the moving direction of the cross-rail vehicle.

6. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second conveying mechanism includes a chain conveyor.

7. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is connected with a dynamic sealing device.

8. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal feeding device includes a steel pressing device, which is located in front of the position where the horizontal feeding device is connected to the discharge port of the vertical shaft. The steel pressing device is used to pressurize the light and thin scrap steel to reduce its height.

9. The classified charging and preheating system for scrap steel electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port of the shaft is provided with a push plate device, which is used to push the preheated medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel into the horizontal feeding device.

10. A preheating electric furnace, characterized in that: include: An electric arc furnace device and a classified charging and preheating system for a scrap steel electric furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the horizontal charging device is connected to the electric arc furnace device, and the horizontal charging device can transport light and thin scrap steel, medium-sized scrap steel and heavy scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device.

11. A steelmaking process for a preheating electric furnace, characterized in that: Using the preheating electric furnace according to claim 10, the steelmaking process includes: The first conveying mechanism loads the medium-sized scrap and the heavy-sized scrap into the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft preheats the medium-sized scrap and the heavy-sized scrap and loads them into the horizontal feeding device; The second conveying mechanism loads the light and thin scrap steel into the horizontal feeding device; The horizontal feeding device transports light and thin scrap steel, medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel to the electric arc furnace device; The electric arc furnace device is used to make steel from preheated light and thin scrap steel, medium scrap steel and heavy scrap steel.

12. The steelmaking process of the preheating electric furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that: The shaft utilizes the high-temperature flue gas emitted by the electric arc furnace device to preheat medium-sized scrap steel and heavy-duty scrap steel.

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