Mechanical control electromagnetic beam hanging and detaching for water conservancy project

Abstract

The application provides a mechanical control electromagnetic beam hanging and detaching device for hydraulic engineering. The electromagnetic beam hanging and detaching device further comprises a beam body, an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism and a control mechanism. The electromagnetic adsorption mechanism comprises a magnetic closed body, a plurality of fixed magnets installed in the magnetic closed body, rotating magnets arranged between two adjacent fixed magnets, and a synchronous rotating shaft arranged on each rotating magnet. The control mechanism comprises a guide rod, a large chain wheel, a small chain wheel and a synchronous sprocket installed on each synchronous rotating shaft. The beam body moves up and down through the guide rod and the connecting rod to drive the large chain wheel to rotate. The large chain wheel drives the rotating magnets to rotate through the small chain wheel, the synchronous wheel and the synchronous shaft, and the rotating magnets and the fixed magnets jointly generate external magnetic force lines to complete the adsorption load with the gate. Or the rotating magnets and the fixed magnets jointly generate internal magnetic force lines to complete the disengagement and unloading with the gate. Compared with other mechanical automatic beam hanging and detaching devices, the beam hanging and detaching device is more convenient and fast, easy to maintain, and can ensure reliable work in a dynamic water environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to lifting technology for metal structures in water conservancy projects, specifically a mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam that can lift gates from underwater to the surface or place them into the water in water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] During the lifting of a sluice gate in water, the upper end of the automatic detachment beam is connected to a movable pulley, and the lower end detaches from the sluice gate underwater to complete the lifting action.

[0003] Currently, the automatic detachment beams used for underwater gate detachment are mechanical automatic detachment beams. Their characteristic is that when the gate is lowered to the bottom in the water, the mechanical automatic detachment beam continues to be lowered, automatically detaching and completing the entire gate lowering process. However, if the gate becomes stuck in the water, the operator may mistakenly believe the gate has reached the bottom and continue lowering the mechanical automatic detachment beam, causing automatic detachment. At this point, the gate and the mechanical automatic detachment beam are completely detached, but the gate remains stuck in the gate slot, unable to move up or down, leading to an operational accident. In such situations, underwater work by divers is necessary. If the gate is only slightly stuck, even a slight force can cause it to fall freely, damaging the bottom sill of the gate slot and causing a more serious, irreparable accident.

[0004] To avoid the aforementioned accidents, a hydraulic automatic beam-hanging and unhooking system was later adopted, where the hooking and unhooking were performed manually. However, due to the large number of components in the hydraulic automatic beam-hanging and unhooking system, precise positioning was difficult, the power supply cable had a high failure rate, and safe operation could not be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanically controlled electromagnetic beam detachment system that can be used in water conservancy projects, requires no positioning or power supply cables, has excellent self-adaptability, and high reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects, comprising a detachment beam body, which is connected to a gate hoist platform via a wire rope and a wire rope winding and unwinding device. The electromagnetic detachment beam further includes an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism and a mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism. The electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a magnetic enclosure, multiple fixed magnets installed within the magnetic enclosure, and a rotating magnet disposed between two adjacent fixed magnets. Each rotating magnet is provided with a synchronous rotating shaft. The N and S poles on the fixed magnets are arranged vertically, and the N and S poles on the rotating magnets are arranged horizontally. Furthermore, the N and S poles on two adjacent fixed magnets are not in the same direction, and the N and S poles on two adjacent rotating magnets are also not in the same direction.

[0007] The mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism includes a guide rod, a large sprocket, a small sprocket, and synchronous sprockets mounted on each synchronous rotating shaft. The upper end of the guide rod is connected to the hanging beam body. The large sprocket is a unidirectional rotating sprocket and is connected to the small sprocket via a multiple chain. The small sprocket is mounted on one of the synchronous rotating shafts, and multiple synchronous sprockets are connected via synchronous chain transmission. The lower end of the guide rod is connected to the central shaft of the large sprocket via a connecting rod.

[0008] The vertical movement of the detachment beam drives the connecting rod to rotate via the guide rod, which in turn drives the large sprocket to rotate. The large sprocket drives the small sprocket to rotate via a multiplier chain, and the small sprocket drives the synchronous shaft to rotate via a synchronous chain. The synchronous shaft drives the rotating magnet to rotate. When the rotating magnet rotates at a certain angle, it works together with the fixed magnet to generate external magnetic lines of force, completing the attraction load with the gate. When the rotating magnet rotates at another angle, it works together with the fixed magnet to generate internal magnetic lines of force, completing the disengagement and unloading from the gate.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: when the guide rod moves vertically upward or downward, the connecting rod drives the large sprocket to rotate 45° or 90°, the large sprocket drives the small sprocket to rotate 90° or 180° through a multiple chain, and at the same time drives the rotating magnet to rotate 90° or 180° through a synchronous rotating shaft, thus completing the magnetic pole conversion.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the magnetic enclosure material is Q235; both the fixed magnet and the rotating magnet are rare earth permanent magnets.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention: The mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism further includes a hollow outer shell, which is fixedly connected to a magnetic closed body. A synchronous rotating shaft on each rotating magnet extends horizontally into the hollow outer shell, and its end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell. A synchronous sprocket is fixedly installed at the end of the synchronous rotating shaft located in the hollow outer shell. A large sprocket is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell. A connecting rod is installed on the central rotating shaft of the large sprocket. A small sprocket is set on the synchronous rotating shaft adjacent to the large sprocket. A guide rod lifting hole is correspondingly opened at the top of the hollow outer shell. The lower end of the guide rod extends into the hollow outer shell through the guide rod lifting hole and is hinged to the free end of the connecting rod.

[0012] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that a limiting mechanism is provided above and below the connecting rod, and the single rotation angle α of the connecting rod is controlled to be 45° or 90° by the limiting mechanism.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the ratio of the number of teeth of the large sprocket and the small sprocket is 2:1. When the large sprocket rotates 45° or 90°, it simultaneously drives the small sprocket to rotate 90° or 180°.

[0014] The preferred technical solution of this invention is as follows: When the guide rod moves vertically upward to drive the large sprocket to rotate, a one-way lock is provided below the large sprocket. The one-way lock controls the large sprocket to rotate unidirectionally to the right. At this time, when the guide rod moves vertically downward, the large sprocket rotates under the action of the one-way lock. When the guide rod moves vertically downward to drive the large sprocket to rotate, a one-way lock is provided above the large sprocket. The one-way lock controls the large sprocket to rotate unidirectionally to the left. At this time, when the guide rod moves vertically upward, the large sprocket stops rotating under the action of the one-way lock.

[0015] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: when the guide rod moves once and drives the large sprocket to rotate 45 degrees, the guide rod is controlled to move up and down twice to complete a single magnetic pole conversion of the rotating magnet; when the guide rod moves once and drives the large sprocket to rotate 90 degrees, the guide rod is controlled to move up and down once to complete a single magnetic pole conversion of the rotating magnet.

[0016] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the large sprocket and the guide rod are both set at one end of the detachment beam body, and a traction steel wire rope is provided at the other end of the detachment beam body. The lower end of the traction steel wire rope is fixed on the hollow outer shell body, and the length of the traction steel wire rope is greater than the distance the guide rod moves within the hollow outer shell body.

[0017] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a guide rod lifting hole is provided on one side of the hollow shell corresponding to the guide rod, and a limiting plate is provided inside the hollow shell. The guide rod moves inside the hollow shell and drives the connecting rod to rotate. When the guide rod moves downward to the position of the limiting plate, the angle α between the position of the connecting rod and the position of the connecting rod when the guide rod moves upward to the guide rod lifting hole is 45° or 90°.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] (1) The innovation of the mechanical electromagnetic hanging and detaching beam of the present invention is to use the electromagnetic pole conversion principle to magnetically attract or release the gate to realize the gate hoisting, which completely changes the hanging and detaching mode with low success rate of other mechanical automatic hanging and detaching beams;

[0020] (2) The hooking and unhooking actions of the present invention can be completed by the up and down movement of the hooking and unhooking beam body in the door slot, which completely eliminates the hooking and unhooking link that requires precise positioning in traditional mechanical automatic hooking and unhooking beams;

[0021] (3) The magnet of the mechanical electromagnetic detachment beam of the present invention is a rare earth permanent magnet, which does not require a power supply and has high reliability;

[0022] (4) The present invention has a wide range of applications, especially suitable for the hoisting of gates with high head, rapid water flow and deep water;

[0023] (5) The present invention has fewer parts, is extremely easy to install, very simple to maintain, and more convenient to repair. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic hanging beam structure in the embodiment;

[0025] Figures 2 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic hanger beam disengaging and engaging process in the embodiment.

[0026] Figures 7 to 11 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic hanger beam's process from attraction to disengagement in the embodiment.

[0027] In the diagram: 1—Hanging beam body, 2—Guide rod, 3—Large sprocket, 4—Connecting rod, 5—One-way lock, 6—Magnetic lock body, 7—Rotating magnet, 8—Fixed magnet, 9—External magnetic lines of force, 10—Gate, 11—Multiple chain, 12—Small sprocket, 13—Synchronous sprocket, 14—Synchronous chain, 15—Synchronous shaft, 16—Internal magnetic lines of force, 17—Hollow outer shell, 18—Guide rod lifting hole, 19—Limiting plate, 20—Traction wire rope. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 11 All accompanying drawings are simplified versions of embodiments and are intended only to clearly and concisely illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the drawings below are specific solutions of embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The embodiment provides a mechanically controlled electromagnetic beam detachment device for hydraulic engineering, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a detachable beam 1, which is connected to the hoist platform via a wire rope and a wire rope winding and unwinding device. This part of the structure is similar to the existing hoisting structure of hydraulic engineering. The electromagnetic detachable beam also includes an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism and a mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism. The electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a magnetic enclosure 6, multiple fixed magnets installed in the magnetic enclosure 6, and a rotating magnet 7 arranged between two adjacent fixed magnets 8. Each rotating magnet 7 is provided with a synchronous rotating shaft 15. The N pole and S pole on the fixed magnet 8 are arranged vertically, and the N pole and S pole on the rotating magnet 7 are arranged horizontally. The N pole and S pole on two adjacent fixed magnets 8 are not in the same direction, and the N pole and S pole on two adjacent rotating magnets 7 are also not in the same direction.

[0032] The embodiment provides a mechanically controlled electromagnetic beam detachment device for hydraulic engineering, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism includes a hollow outer shell 17, a guide rod 2, a large sprocket 3, a small sprocket 12, and synchronous sprockets 13 mounted on each synchronous rotating shaft 15. The upper end of the guide rod 2 is connected to the hanging beam 1. The large sprocket 3 is a unidirectional rotating sprocket, and the large sprocket 3 is connected to the small sprocket 12 through a multiple chain 11. The small sprocket 12 is mounted on one of the synchronous rotating shafts 15, and multiple synchronous sprockets 13 are connected through a synchronous chain 14. The lower end of the guide rod 2 is connected to the central shaft of the large sprocket 3 through a connecting rod 4. The hollow outer shell 17 is fixedly connected to the magnetic enclosure 6. The synchronous rotating shaft 15 on each rotating magnet 7 extends horizontally into the hollow outer shell 17, and its end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell 17. The synchronous sprocket 13 is fixedly installed at the end of the synchronous rotating shaft 15 located in the hollow outer shell 17. The large sprocket 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell 17. The connecting rod 4 is installed on the central rotating shaft of the large sprocket 3. The small sprocket 12 is set on the synchronous rotating shaft 15 adjacent to the large sprocket 3. A guide rod lifting hole 18 is correspondingly opened at the top of the hollow outer shell 17. The lower end of the guide rod 2 extends into the hollow outer shell 17 through the guide rod lifting hole 18 and is hinged to the free end of the connecting rod 4. The vertical movement of the detachment beam 1 drives the connecting rod 4 to rotate via the guide rod 2, thereby causing the large sprocket 3 to rotate. The large sprocket 3 drives the small sprocket 12 to rotate via the multiple chain 11. The small sprocket 12 drives the synchronous shaft 15 to rotate via the synchronous chain 14. The synchronous shaft 15 drives the rotating magnet 7 to rotate. Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, when the rotating magnet 7 rotates at a certain angle, it works together with the fixed magnet 8 to generate external magnetic lines of force 9, completing the attraction load with the gate 10. Figure 11 As shown, when the rotating magnet 7 rotates to another angle, it works together with the fixed magnet 8 to generate internal magnetic lines of force 16, thus completing the disengagement and unloading from the gate 10.

[0033] The embodiment provides a mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for hydraulic engineering, wherein the tooth ratio of the large sprocket to the small sprocket is 2:1. Figure 1 As shown, a guide rod lifting hole 18 is provided on one side of the hollow outer shell 17 corresponding to the guide rod 2, and a limiting plate 19 is provided inside the hollow outer shell 17. The guide rod 2 moves inside the hollow outer shell 17, causing the connecting rod 4 to rotate. When the guide rod 2 moves downward to the position of the limiting plate 19, the angle α between the position of the connecting rod 4 and the position of the connecting rod 4 when the guide rod 2 moves upward to the guide rod lifting hole 18 is 45°, thereby controlling the single rotation angle α of the connecting rod to be 45°. When the guide rod 2 moves vertically upward or downward, the connecting rod 4 drives the large sprocket 3 to rotate 45°. The large sprocket 3 drives the small sprocket 12 to rotate 90° through the multiple chain 11, and at the same time drives the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 90° through the synchronous rotating shaft 15. The guide rod 2 moves up and down twice to complete a single magnetic pole conversion of the rotating magnet 7.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 2 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic detachment and retraction process of the electromagnetic detachment beam in the embodiment. The specific process is as follows: First, the detachment beam 1 moves downward, driving the entire mechanism downward. When the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism contacts the gate, as... Figure 3 As shown, continue to control the downward movement of the detachment beam 1. At this time, the large sprocket 3 will not move under the action of the one-way lock 5, and the rotating magnet 7 will remain stationary. When the guide rod 2 moves to the position of the limit plate 19, control the detachment beam 1 to move upward to the guide rod lifting hole 18, as shown. Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the connecting rod 4 rotates at an angle a of 45°, the large sprocket 3 rotates 45°, and the small sprocket 12 rotates 90°, simultaneously driving the synchronous shaft 15 and the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 90°. If the control of the disengagement beam 1 to move downward is continued, as... Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the large sprocket 3 will not move under the action of the one-way lock 5, and the rotating magnet 7 remains stationary. When the guide rod 2 moves to the position of the limit plate 19, the hook-and-release beam 1 is controlled to move upward to the guide rod lifting hole 18 again. Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the connecting rod 4 rotates 45° again, the large sprocket 3 rotates 45° again, and the small sprocket 12 rotates 90° again, which simultaneously drives the synchronous rotating shaft 15 and the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 90° again. By controlling the guide rod 2 to move up and down twice, the rotating magnet 7 rotates 180°, completing the magnetic pole conversion. At this time, external magnetic lines of force are generated, which can attract the gate.

[0035] Appendix Figures 7 to 11 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic hook-and-unhook beam engaging and disengaging process in the embodiment. The specific process is as follows: First, the hook-and-unhook beam 1 drives the engaging gate to move upward. During the movement, as... Figure 7As shown, the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism remains in an engaged state with the gate until it is in position; as Figure 8 As shown, the control beam 1 moves downward to the limiting plate 19. At this time, the large sprocket 3 will not move under the action of the one-way lock 5, and the rotating magnet 7 remains stationary. After moving to the limiting plate 19, the control beam 1 moves upward to the guide rod lifting hole 18, as shown. Figure 9 As shown, at this time, the connecting rod 4 rotates at an angle a of 45°, the large sprocket 3 rotates 45°, the small sprocket 12 rotates 90°, and simultaneously drives the synchronous rotating shaft 15 and the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 90°; again, control the lifting beam 1 to move the limiting plate 19 downward, as shown. Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the large sprocket 3 will not move under the action of the one-way lock 5, and the rotating magnet 7 remains stationary. When the guide rod 2 moves to the position of the limit plate 19, the hook-and-release beam 1 is controlled to move upward to the guide rod lifting hole 18 again. Figure 11 As shown, at this time, the connecting rod 4 rotates 45° again, the large sprocket 3 rotates 45° again, and the small sprocket 12 rotates 90° again, which simultaneously drives the synchronous rotating shaft 15 and the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 90° again. By controlling the guide rod 2 to move up and down twice, the rotating magnet 7 rotates 180°, completing the magnetic pole conversion. At this time, internal magnetic lines of force are generated, realizing the unloading process of the gate.

[0036] The working principle of this invention, which relates to the gate's load attraction and unloading: A fixed magnet is already installed inside the magnetic enclosure, and its S and N pole directions are fixed and cannot be changed. The S and N pole directions of the rotating magnet can change with the rotation of the synchronous shaft. When it contacts the gate 10, during the up-and-down movement of the control guide rod, the connecting rod drives the large sprocket to rotate 90 degrees, the small sprocket to rotate 180 degrees, and the synchronous shaft drives the rotating magnet to rotate 180 degrees, so that the polarity of the rotating magnet's S and N poles is opposite to that of the fixed magnet. Figure 8 As shown, when the S pole is aligned with the S pole and the N pole with the N pole, according to the Hellbeck array distribution, the magnetic field formed by the fixed magnet and the rotating magnet diffuses outward to the maximum, forming a closed magnetic field loop with the gate steel plate. This means the magnetic poles and the gate have an attractive load effect. When the detachment beam 1 drives the gate 10 to its position, during the up-and-down movement of the control guide rod 2, the connecting rod 4 drives the large sprocket to rotate 90 degrees, the small sprocket to rotate 180 degrees, and the synchronous rotating shaft drives the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 180 degrees. Figure 11 As shown, the polarity of the S and N poles of the rotating magnet 7 is opposite to that of the S and N poles of the fixed magnet 8, that is, S pole to N pole and N pole to S pole. At this time, the magnetic field between the fixed magnet and the rotating magnet has formed a closed magnetic field loop and no longer diffuses outward to seek the steel plate to form a closed magnetic field loop with it. That is, the magnetic poles and the gate have a disengagement and unloading function.

[0037] This invention relates to the process of hoisting a gate in a water conservancy project: A project requires hoisting a gate 10 from the surface gate reservoir to the underwater gate slot. The crane's moving pulley connects to the lifting lugs on the mechanical electromagnetic detachment beam. At this time, the mechanical electromagnetic detachment beam is in a demagnetized state. The crane moves the mechanical electromagnetic detachment beam horizontally and vertically into the gate reservoir. After the mechanical electromagnetic detachment beam sits on the gate 10, the guide rod 2 moves up and down twice, the connecting rod drives the large sprocket to rotate 90 degrees, the small sprocket to rotate 180 degrees, and the synchronous rotating shaft 15 drives the rotating magnet 7 to rotate 180 degrees. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the polarities of the S and N poles of the rotating magnet 7 are opposite to those of the fixed magnet, i.e., S pole to S pole, N pole to N pole. When distributed according to the Hellbeck array, the magnetic field formed by the fixed magnet 8 and the rotating magnet 7 diffuses outward to its maximum, forming a closed magnetic field loop with the gate steel plate. This means the magnetic poles and the gate have an attractive load effect. During the process of the crane lifting the mechanical electromagnetic release beam along with the gate leaving the gate housing, moving horizontally and vertically into the gate slot, and the crane lowering the mechanical electromagnetic release beam along with the gate until the bottom sill of the gate slot is in place, the guide rod 2 moves up and down twice. The connecting rod drives the large sprocket to rotate 90 degrees, the small sprocket to rotate 180 degrees, and the synchronous rotating shaft drives the rotating magnet to rotate 180 degrees. Figures 7 to 11 As shown, the polarity of the S and N poles of the rotating magnet 7 is opposite to that of the S and N poles of the fixed magnet 8, i.e., S pole to N pole and N pole to S pole. At this time, the magnetic field between the fixed magnet 8 and the rotating magnet 7 has formed a closed magnetic field loop and no longer diffuses outward to seek the steel plate to form a closed magnetic field loop with it. That is, the magnetic poles have the function of disengaging and unloading from the gate, completing the operation of the gate from the water gate reservoir to the underwater gate slot.

[0038] Compared with other automatic beam-attaching mechanisms, this design omits the need for precise upper and lower positioning devices, reduces the pin-attaching and pin-removing steps, and avoids power cable signal transmission failures, making it particularly suitable for hoisting deep-water gates with high flow velocities.

[0039] The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and while it is detailed and specific, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for hydraulic engineering, comprising a detachment beam body (1), wherein the detachment beam body (1) is connected to a gate hoist platform via a wire rope and a wire rope retraction device, characterized in that: The electromagnetic hanging beam also includes an electromagnetic adsorption mechanism and a mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism; the electromagnetic adsorption mechanism includes a magnetic enclosure (6), a plurality of fixed magnets installed in the magnetic enclosure (6), and a rotating magnet (7) arranged between two adjacent fixed magnets (8), and a synchronous rotating shaft (15) is provided on each rotating magnet (7); the N pole and S pole on the fixed magnet (8) are arranged vertically, and the N pole and S pole on the rotating magnet (7) are arranged horizontally to the left and right, and the N pole and S pole on two adjacent fixed magnets (8) are not in the same direction, and the N pole and S pole on two adjacent rotating magnets (7) are also not in the same direction; The mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism includes a guide rod (2), a large sprocket (3), a small sprocket (12), and a synchronous sprocket (13) installed on each synchronous rotating shaft (15). The upper end of the guide rod (2) is connected to the beam body (1) of the hanging beam. The large sprocket (3) is a unidirectional rotating sprocket, and the large sprocket (3) is connected to the small sprocket (12) through a multiple chain (11). The small sprocket (12) is installed on one of the synchronous rotating shafts (15), and multiple synchronous sprockets (13) are connected through a synchronous chain (14). The lower end of the guide rod (2) is connected to the central shaft of the large sprocket (3) through a connecting rod (4). The up-and-down movement of the detachment beam (1) drives the connecting rod (4) to rotate via the guide rod (2), thereby driving the large sprocket (3) to rotate. The large sprocket (3) drives the small sprocket (12) to rotate via the multiple chain (11). The small sprocket (12) drives the synchronous shaft (15) to rotate via the synchronous chain (14). The synchronous shaft (15) drives the rotating magnet (7) to rotate. When the rotating magnet (7) rotates at a certain angle, it works together with the fixed magnet (8) to generate external magnetic lines (9), completing the attraction load with the gate (10). When the rotating magnet (7) rotates at another angle, it works together with the fixed magnet (8) to generate internal magnetic lines (16), completing the disengagement and unloading from the gate (10).

2. The mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the guide rod (2) moves vertically upward or downward, the connecting rod (4) drives the large sprocket (3) to rotate 45° or 90°. The large sprocket (3) drives the small sprocket (12) to rotate 90° or 180° through the multiple chain (11). At the same time, the rotating magnet (7) is driven to rotate 90° or 180° through the synchronous rotating shaft (15), thus completing the magnetic pole conversion.

3. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mechanical electromagnetic adsorption control mechanism also includes a hollow outer shell (17), which is fixedly connected to a magnetic closed body (6). The synchronous rotating shaft (15) on each rotating magnet (7) extends horizontally into the hollow outer shell (17), and its end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell (17). The synchronous sprocket (13) is fixedly installed at the end of the synchronous rotating shaft (15) located in the hollow outer shell (17). The large sprocket (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow outer shell (17). The connecting rod (4) is installed on the central rotating shaft of the large sprocket (3). The small sprocket (12) is set on the synchronous rotating shaft (15) adjacent to the large sprocket (3). A guide rod lifting hole (18) is correspondingly opened on the top of the hollow outer shell (17). The lower end of the guide rod (2) extends into the hollow outer shell (17) through the guide rod lifting hole (18) and is hinged to the free end of the connecting rod (4).

4. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Limiting mechanisms are provided above and below the connecting rod (4), and the single rotation angle a of the connecting rod (4) is controlled to be 45° or 90° by the limiting mechanisms.

5. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the number of teeth of the large sprocket (3) to the small sprocket (12) is 2 to 1. When the large sprocket (3) rotates 45° or 90°, it simultaneously drives the small sprocket (12) to rotate 90° or 180°.

6. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic enclosure (6) is made of Q235; the fixed magnet (8) and the rotating magnet (7) are both made of rare earth permanent magnets.

7. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the guide rod (2) moves vertically upward to drive the large sprocket to rotate, a one-way lock (5) is provided below the large sprocket (3). The one-way lock (5) controls the large sprocket (3) to rotate to the right. At this time, when the guide rod (2) moves vertically downward, the large sprocket (3) stops rotating under the action of the one-way lock (5). When the guide rod (2) moves vertically downward to drive the large sprocket to rotate, a one-way lock (5) is provided above the large sprocket (3). The one-way lock (5) controls the large sprocket (3) to rotate to the left. At this time, when the guide rod (2) moves vertically upward, the large sprocket (3) stops rotating under the action of the one-way lock (5).

8. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the guide rod (2) moves once and drives the large sprocket (3) to rotate 45 degrees, the guide rod (2) is controlled to move up and down twice to complete the single magnetic pole conversion of the rotating magnet (7); when the guide rod (2) moves once and drives the large sprocket (3) to rotate 90 degrees, the guide rod (2) is controlled to move up and down once to complete the single magnetic pole conversion of the rotating magnet (7).

9. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large sprocket (3) and the guide rod (2) are both set at one end of the detachment beam (1), and a traction wire rope (20) is provided at the other end of the detachment beam (1). The lower end of the traction wire rope (20) is fixed on the hollow outer shell (17), and the length of the traction wire rope (20) is greater than the distance that the guide rod (2) moves inside the hollow outer shell (17).

10. A mechanically controlled electromagnetic detachment beam for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide rod lifting hole (18) is provided on one side of the hollow outer shell (17) corresponding to the guide rod (2), and a limiting plate (19) is provided inside the hollow outer shell (17). The guide rod (2) moves inside the hollow outer shell (17) and drives the connecting rod (4) to rotate. When the guide rod (2) moves down to the position of the limiting plate (19), the angle α between the position of the connecting rod (4) and the position of the connecting rod (4) when the guide rod (2) moves up to the guide rod lifting hole (18) is 45° or 90°.

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