A rodless drilling system and method of drilling

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of rodless drilling system and drilling method.The rodless drilling system includes fixing device, driving drilling device, derrick hoisting device, material residue transport device and separation device;The driving drilling device is connected to the bottom of the fixing device by a plurality of lifting driving elements, the derrick hoisting device is connected with the fixing device, the material residue transport device is connected with the driving drilling device and the separation device to form a slag outlet channel through a feeding pipeline, and a suction force capable of transporting slag is generated in the slag outlet channel;The separation device is connected with a backwater pipeline to form a backwater channel;The outer periphery of the fixing device is provided with a telescopic press plate.The present application designs a complete set of rodless drilling system, integrates drilling, slagging, separation and backflow, effectively ensures drilling efficiency, and can be applied in land drilling and offshore drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and more particularly to a rodless drilling system and drilling method. Background Technology

[0002] In the drilling field, especially in the field of large-diameter and deep drilling, the drilling technology is not mature and stable enough. Traditional drilling techniques cannot be implemented for diameters of 2 meters or more. Conventional drilling of large-diameter wells uses manual blasting and other tools, which leads to difficulties in pumping water, many safety accidents such as collapses, and high costs. When the excavation depth reaches less than 50 meters, the environment is unfavorable to manual operation due to lack of oxygen and dust. At the same time, the disposal of excavated material and slag is difficult.

[0003] How to avoid these problems and find a safe and stable large-diameter, deep-well drilling technology is a common problem being explored. Traditional drilling technology uses surface-driven equipment to rotate the drill pipe, and the drill bit drills the hole. During drilling, the drill pipe is divided into sections of 2-6 meters each. When drilling reaches the depth of one section of drill pipe, the machine is stopped once, the drill pipe is reconnected, and the machine is restarted in a cyclical manner to drill into a well of the same depth as the drill pipe. When withdrawing, the drill pipe is also disassembled and retrieved section by section. When the drill pipe is too long during drilling, the large driving force and long drill pipe cause drill pipe swaying, which limits the drilling depth.

[0004] Drill pipes are typically small in diameter (usually 4-13 cm), and the borehole diameter is roughly the same as the drill pipe diameter. This is because drill pipe sway increases significantly after drilling to a depth of 150 meters. Therefore, conventional drilling uses the well wall to stabilize the rotating drill pipe, allowing for deeper drilling, but this limits the drilling depth. Especially for large-diameter, deep-drilling operations, the small-diameter, long-pipe drilling method is clearly unsuitable. For example, drilling a 2-meter diameter well requires a 2-meter drill pipe, which is costly, requires high-power equipment with significant sway, and increases investment, leading to high production costs and making it difficult to implement in practice. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rodless drilling robot and system that can turn and change drilling direction within a certain range according to needs.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A rodless drilling system includes a fixed device, a driving drilling and production device, a derrick hoisting device, a material and slag transport device, and a separation device; the driving drilling and production device is equipped with multiple lifting drive components, which are connected to the lower end of the fixed device in different or the same lifting manner; the derrick hoisting device is connected to the fixed device; the material and slag transport device is connected to the driving drilling and production device and the separation device through a feeding pipe to form a slag discharge channel, and a suction force capable of transporting slag is generated in the slag discharge channel; the separation device is connected to a return water pipe to form a return water channel;

[0007] The outer periphery of the fixing device is provided with multiple telescopic pressure plates that can be independently extended and retracted; the fixing device is connected to the derrick hoisting device by falling under its own weight or by being lifted by the derrick hoisting device.

[0008] The above scheme designs a complete rodless drilling system that integrates drilling, cuttings removal, separation, and recirculation, effectively ensuring drilling efficiency and applicable to both onshore and offshore drilling. Additionally, the lifting drive assembly for driving the drilling and production equipment is connected to the fixed device with different stroke lifting methods, thereby enabling changes in the length of the working face of the drilling and production equipment, thus altering the angle (and drilling direction) of the working face. This allows for turning drilling within a certain range (i.e., drilling vertical shafts or inclined shafts). Furthermore, the fixed device is equipped with a telescopic pressure plate that generates gripping force through extension and retraction, which can counteract the reaction force of the driving drilling and production equipment.

[0009] Preferably, the slag transport device includes a slurry pump and a suction cup with its own pipeline; the slurry pump is provided with a suction port and an outlet, the suction port is provided with a motion interface, the motion interface is connected to the pipeline of the suction cup, and a spring ring is provided at the connection point; the outlet is connected to the feeding pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the drilling action of the driving drilling and production device is driven by a first drive motor. The first drive motor is equipped with a hydraulic balancer for achieving internal and external pressure balance. The hydraulic balancer includes a cylinder body with a hydraulic cylinder cavity, a clamping plate disposed at the end of the cylinder body, and a piston that reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder cavity. The clamping plate is mounted on the housing of the first drive motor, and the hydraulic cylinder cavity is in communication with the cavity of the first drive motor.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing device further includes a frame, a first driving member, and a connecting rod. The frame has multiple layers, and each layer has multiple first driving members evenly distributed around its circumference. The first driving members drive the telescopic pressure plates to extend and retract, and each telescopic pressure plate is connected to the frame by the connecting rod. The lifting driving member is mounted on the frame.

[0012] Preferably, the driving drilling device includes a cutterhead and a first drive motor for driving the cutterhead to rotate. The cutterhead is provided with a plurality of circular cutters, which are arranged along multiple diameters of the cutterhead. The circular cutters are provided with a plurality of flat scrapers on the side of the cutterhead rotation direction, and the outer circular surface of the cutterhead is provided with a plurality of protruding cutters.

[0013] Preferably, the cutter head includes a base, a frame, and a top plate. The base has arc surfaces A and B with different diameters, and the protruding roller cutter is disposed on the arc surface A. The top plate is located above the base. Multiple frames are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the frames connect the top plate and the base. Multiple roller cutters are arranged on each frame, and the flat scraper is disposed on the side wall of the frame.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the arc surface A is larger than the diameter of the arc surface B, and the arc surface A and the arc surface B are connected by a plane C; the area of ​​the top plate is smaller than the area of ​​the bottom plate, so that the plate frame is tilted upward.

[0015] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for drilling using the above-mentioned rodless drilling system, comprising:

[0016] The downward displacement of the fixing device and the extension stroke of each lifting drive component are set; the fixing device is started to move downward to the set displacement, and the fixing device extends to fit against the inner wall of the well to ensure that the fixing device stops; the drilling and production device is started to drill, and at the same time, multiple lifting drive components extend with the same stroke to perform vertical drilling, or multiple lifting drive components extend with different strokes to perform inclined well drilling; while the drilling and production device is driving the well, the cuttings transport device is started to suck the cuttings out to the separation device outside the well; the separation device separates the cuttings and water, and the separated water is discharged outside the separation device.

[0017] When the drilling process of the driving drilling device reaches the preset stroke amount, the fixing device retracts and disengages from the inner wall of the well. The fixing device then continues to move downwards and reaches the preset displacement amount. This process is repeated until the drilling is completed.

[0018] Preferably, the drilling device is driven by a first drive motor. The first drive motor is equipped with a hydraulic balancer. The hydraulic balancer has a piston inside. When the drive element goes up or down, the piston moves to keep the internal pressure of the drive element balanced with the external water pressure.

[0019] Preferably, the driving drilling and production device is equipped with a cutterhead, and the surface of the cutterhead has working faces with different diameters; during drilling, the working faces with different diameters operate simultaneously; after drilling is completed, the lifting drive component that drives the driving drilling and production device to retract near the large-diameter working face is activated, so that the cutterhead is tilted relative to the fixed device, and then the derrick hoisting device is activated to lift the fixed device and the driving drilling and production device to the outside of the drilling site.

[0020] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] I. The rodless drilling system of the present invention integrates drilling, slag removal, separation, and reflux, which improves drilling efficiency and can be applied in both onshore and offshore drilling.

[0022] 2. The rodless drilling system described herein uses multiple lifting drive components to drive the drilling and production device, which can achieve different or the same extension strokes, enabling changes in the extension length of the working face of the drilling and production device. This changes the angle (and drilling direction) of the working face of the drilling and production device, allowing for turning drilling within a certain range (i.e., drilling vertical shafts or inclined shafts). Furthermore, a telescopic pressure plate with a gripping force generated by extension and retraction is installed on the fixed device to counteract the reaction force of the drilling and production device.

[0023] Third, the rodless drilling system described above can be used in drilling operations with large well diameters and deep wells; it eliminates the need for manual excavation in the well, thus providing a safety guarantee for workers during drilling operations.

[0024] Fourth, by setting up a hydraulic balancer, this invention cleverly utilizes water pressure to balance the conveying power of drilling slag, so that the water level is always maintained at the wellhead water level (the position above the wellhead) during the drilling process, reducing the impact of changes in drilling depth on the head of the coarse slurry pump of the slag conveying device, and reducing the power output of the slag.

[0025] Fifth, this invention is equipped with a hydraulic balancer on all drive motors, which can balance the internal and external pressure of each drive motor, and can operate normally at depths of 2000 meters or even 4000 meters underwater. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the rodless drilling system provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first cross-section connecting the derrick hoisting device, fixing device, driving drilling and production device, and material and slag transportation device in the rodless drilling system provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second cross-section connecting the derrick hoisting device, fixing device, driving drilling and production device, and material and slag transportation device in the rodless drilling system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third cross-section connecting the derrick hoisting device, fixing device, driving drilling and production device, and material and slag transportation device in the rodless drilling system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing device;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic balancer;

[0033] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hydraulic balancer.

[0034] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the pipe clamping device from the first perspective;

[0035] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the pipe clamping device from a second perspective;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a rodless drilling system for directional drilling.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the control block principle of the rodless drilling system provided by the present invention.

[0038] In the attached diagram: 01. Control and operation device; 02. Derrick hoisting device; 03. Separation device; 04. Fixing device; 05. Drilling and production drive device; 06. Material and slag transportation device; 07. Plunger hydraulic press; 08. Information processing unit; 09. Signal transmission device; 11. Hydraulic balancer;

[0039] 011. Workshop; 012. Control Panel; 013. Operator's Rest Room; 021. Platform; 022. Crane; 023. Derrick Support; 031. Slag Pit; 032. Hoist; 033. Water Supply Equipment; 034. Return Water Pipe; 041. Frame; 042. Telescopic Pressure Plate; 043. First Drive Component; 044. Connecting Rod; 051. Cutter Head; 052. First Drive Motor; 053. Lifting Drive Component; 0511. Flat Scraper; 0512. Circular Roller Cutter; 0513. Protruding Roller Cutter; 05111. Chassis; 05112. Chassis Frame; 05113. Top Chassis;

[0040] 061. Second drive motor; 062. Suction cup; 063. Feeding pipe; 064. Pipe clamping device; 0641. Third drive motor; 0642. Pipe pressing roller; 0643. Spring slide plate; 0644. Spring pressure plate; 0645. Rotary handle; 0646. Mounting bracket; 0647. Base;

[0041] 071. Hydraulic press motor; 072. Hydraulic press hydraulic pump; 073. Hydraulic press high-pressure oil tank; 074. Hydraulic press low-pressure oil tank; 091. Video acquisition equipment; 092. Positioning sensor; 093. Pressure sensor;

[0042] 111. Cylinder body; 112. Chess plate; 113. Piston; 114. Hydraulic cylinder inner cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the rodless drilling system provided in this embodiment includes a control operation device 01, a derrick hoisting device 02, a separation device 03, a fixing device 04, a driving drilling and production device 05, a material and slag transportation device 06, a plunger hydraulic press 07, an information processing unit 08, a signal transmission device 09, and a hydraulic balancer 11.

[0045] The control and operation device 01 is connected to other components in the rodless drilling system via cables. The control and operation device 01 includes a working chamber 011, located on the ground outside the drilling site. The working chamber 011 contains an operating platform 012 and an operator's rest room 013. Operators remotely control and drive the drilling and production unit 05 to drill by working on the operating platform 012 in the working chamber 011.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the derrick hoisting device 02 includes a platform 021, a crane 022, and a derrick support 023. The platform 021 is supported above the wellhead by the derrick support 023. The crane 022 is a winch, which is installed on the platform 021, and the wire rope of the crane 022 is connected to the top of the frame 041 of the fixing device 04.

[0047] The rodless drilling system provided by this invention can be used for both onshore and offshore drilling.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the separation device 03 is built at a suitable location on the ground or on a ship. The separation device 03 includes a slag pool 031 connected to a feeding pipe 063, a hoist 032 for lifting the slag in the slag pool 031 to achieve slag and water separation, and a water supply device 033 for channeling water (including separated water or water supplied by a water supply device) from the slag pool into the wellbore via a return water pipe 034. The slag transport device 06 connects the driving drilling device 05 and the separation device 03 through the feeding pipe 063 to form a slag discharge channel. When drilling on land, the separation device 03 connects to the well or the sea via the return water pipe 034 to form a return water channel. During drilling, if there is a water shortage in the well, the water supply device 033 promptly injects water into the slag pool 031, and the water flows into the wellbore from the return water pipe 034 of the slag pool 031.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the fixing device 04 includes a frame 041, a telescopic pressure plate 042, a first driving component 043, and a connecting rod 044. The frame 041 has multiple layers, with multiple first driving components 043 evenly distributed circumferentially in each layer. The telescopic pressure plate 042 is connected to the power output end of the first driving component 043, and each telescopic pressure plate 042 is connected to the frame 041 by the connecting rod 044. The telescopic pressure plate 042 has a conical column structure, with its smaller diameter end positioned near the well wall and its larger diameter end connected to the first driving component 043. The first driving component 043 is a hydraulic cylinder. When hydraulically controlled, it pushes the telescopic pressure plate 042 outward, causing it to contact the well wall and be pressed, thus achieving a fixing effect. When hydraulically controlled to retract inward, the telescopic pressure plate 042 detaches from the well wall, allowing the fixing device 04 to move up and down (simultaneously lifted by the crane 022; downward movement relies on the weight of the fixing device 04 itself). Each first driving component 043 is individually controlled.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the driving drilling and production device 05 includes a cutterhead 051, a first drive motor 052, and a lifting drive component 053. The cutterhead 051 is equipped with multiple circular cutters 0512, arranged along multiple diameters of the cutterhead 051. Each circular cutter 0512 has multiple flat scrapers 0511 on the rotational side of the cutterhead 051, and multiple protruding cutters 0513 are provided on the outer circular surface of the cutterhead 051. The first drive motor 052 is mounted in the frame 041 and drives the cutterhead 051 to rotate via a gear pair to achieve drilling operations.

[0051] The cutter head 051 includes a base plate 05111, a plate frame 05112, and a top plate 05113. The base plate 05111 has arc surfaces A and B with different diameters. The diameter of arc surface A is larger than the diameter of arc surface B. Arc surfaces A and B are connected by a plane C.

[0052] The protruding roller cutter 0513 is disposed on the arc surface A. The top plate 05113 is located above the base plate 05111. Multiple plate holders 05112 are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the plate holders 05112 connect the top plate 05113 and the base plate 05111. Multiple roller cutters 0512 are arranged on each plate holder 05112, and the flat scraper 0511 is disposed on the side wall of the plate holder 05112. The area of ​​the top plate 05113 is smaller than the area of ​​the base plate 05111, causing the plate holder 05112 to be inclined upwards. Roller cutters are arranged on the bottom plane of the base plate 05111.

[0053] The lifting drive component 053 is a hydraulic cylinder, with multiple cylinders arranged in a circular pattern. The cylinder barrels are fixed to the frame 041, and the telescopic rods are connected to the cutterhead 051. When the multiple lifting drive components 053 have the same stroke, the cutterhead 051 is horizontal, achieving vertical drilling. When the multiple lifting drive components 053 have different strokes, the cutterhead 051 can be tilted at a certain angle relative to the frame 041. This not only facilitates the withdrawal of the fixing device 04 and the driving drilling and production device 05 from the drilling well, but also makes it suitable for drilling inclined wells (such as...). Figure 11 (As shown).

[0054] The second drive motor 061 drives the suction cup 062 to rotate, allowing the suction cup 062 to rotate while suctioning, thus improving dust collection efficiency. The second drive motor 061 can be driven by a gear set connected to the pipe on the suction cup 062. The pipe on the suction cup 062 can be a rigid pipe. The second drive motor 061 is mounted in the frame 041.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the slag conveying device 06 includes a second drive motor 061, a suction cup 062, a feeding pipe 063, and a pipe clamping device 064. The suction cup 062 is vertically mounted on the frame 041, and a suction port is formed near the base 05111. The suction cup 062 has its own pipe, the end of which forms a discharge port, which is connected to the feeding pipe 063 via a coarse slurry pump (not shown). The coarse slurry pump has a suction port and an outlet, and the feeding pipe 063 is connected to the outlet of the coarse slurry pump. The suction port has a moving interface and a stationary interface. The stationary interface is directly connected to the coarse slurry pump, and the pipe of the rotating suction cup 062 is connected to the moving interface of the suction port of the coarse slurry pump. Thus, the rotation of the pipe of the suction cup 062 is not restricted by the stationary coarse slurry pump. A spring ring is designed between the pipe of the suction cup 062 and the suction port on the coarse slurry pump to achieve a seal. Coarse slurry pumps are commercially available products.

[0056] The feeding pipe 063 is equipped with a pipe clamp 064, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the pipe feeder 064 includes a pipe-pressing roller 0642, a spring slide plate 0643, a spring pressure plate 0644, a rotating handle 0645, a mounting bracket 0646, and a base 0647. The pipe-pressing rollers 0642 are arranged vertically opposite each other, and the feeding pipe 063 passes through the vertically opposite pipe-pressing rollers 0642. The lower pipe-pressing roller 0642 is fixed to the ground next to the wellhead by the base 0647. Both ends of the upper pipe-pressing roller 0642 are connected to spring slide plates 0643. The spring slide plates 0643 are connected to the spring pressure plate 0644. The spring pressure plate 0644 is vertically connected to the mounting bracket 0646. The mounting bracket 0646 is fixed to the ground. The rotating handle 0645 is threaded onto the mounting bracket 0646, and the end of the rotating handle 0645 is connected to the spring pressure plate 0644. The clamping pressure applied to the feeding pipe 063 can be adjusted by rotating the lever handle 0645.

[0057] In addition, to meet the needs of drilling operations, the feeding pipe 063 can be moved forward and backward. A third drive motor 0641 is installed on the base 0647. The third drive motor 0641 is connected to the pressure roller 0642 located at the lower end to drive the pressure roller 0642 to rotate, thereby driving the feeding pipe 063 to move forward and backward.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic control pipeline of the driving drilling and production device 05 is equipped with the plunger hydraulic press 07, which includes a hydraulic press motor 071, a hydraulic press hydraulic pump 072, a hydraulic press high-pressure oil tank 073, and a hydraulic press low-pressure oil tank 074. When the plunger hydraulic press 07 is running, the hydraulic press motor 071 is turned on, and the hydraulic oil in the low-pressure oil tank 074 is pumped out as high-pressure oil by the hydraulic press hydraulic pump 072 and enters the hydraulic press high-pressure oil tank 073 (in the design, a high-pressure oil tank may be used, and the high-pressure oil or water pumped out by the plunger pump directly enters the high-pressure pipeline to do work in the cylinder). The high-pressure oil tank 073 is switched on and off through the high-pressure pipeline and the information processing unit 08, sending out high-pressure oil and recovering flat-pressure oil to do work and complete the function of the cylinder. The plunger hydraulic press 07 is an outsourced component, and can be purchased from Jiangsu Plunger Pump Fengji DHP type plunger pump or products from Guangzhou Yangcheng Plunger Pump Industry Co., Ltd.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the information processing unit 08, under the instruction of the control operation device 01, activates the power switch and electromagnetic hydraulic switches. The signal transmission device 09 includes a video acquisition device 091 mounted on the upper end of the frame 041, a positioning sensor 092 mounted on the driving drilling device 05, and a pressure sensor 093 mounted on the telescopic pressure plate 042. The video acquisition device 091 requires a high-pressure resistant underwater camera; products from Jinan Hongzhong Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd., capable of withstanding water depths of 10,000 meters, can be selected.

[0060] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the hydraulic balancer 11 includes a cylinder body 111 with a hydraulic cylinder cavity 114, a retaining plate 112 located at the end of the cylinder body 111, and a piston 113 reciprocating within the hydraulic cylinder cavity 114. The hydraulic balancer 11 is mounted on the oil immersion tank of the plunger hydraulic press 07, the information processing unit 08, and the drive motor, and is installed in a suitable position via the retaining plate 112. The hydraulic cylinder cavity 114 communicates with the oil tank cavity of the plunger hydraulic press 07, the oil immersion tank cavity of the information processing unit 08, and the drive motor cavity.

[0061] When it is necessary to balance the pressure of a certain drive motor, the hydraulic balancer 11 is mounted on the drive motor, and the inner cavity 114 of the hydraulic cylinder is the same as the inner cavity of the drive motor. When the drive motor submerges, the piston 113 moves inward under pressure (e.g., Figure 8 (as shown, moving to the right); when the drive motor is submerged, the piston 113 moves outward due to the decrease in external pressure (as shown). Figure 8 (As shown, moving to the left) creates a situation where the pressure inside the motor cavity is basically equal to the external hydraulic pressure (the water pressure inside the motor cavity is basically equal to the water pressure outside the motor casing), so that the motor casing is not affected by changes in external pressure.

[0062] Furthermore, the internal components of the motor are made of pressure-resistant alloy steel, ensuring that they will not deform even at depths of 4000 meters. The motor's internal cavity is filled with transformer oil, preventing electrical conductivity between the charged components and ensuring normal operation. The motor voltage is adjustable between 380V and 660V or higher, guaranteeing stable power transmission over long distances via cable and consistent motor power output. The pressure-resistant alloy steel shell is sourced from high-chromium alloy steel purchased from Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province.

[0063] In practice, after positioning according to the drilling plan, a pre-constructed well is manually excavated on the surface. This well's depth is greater than the total height of the fixed device 04 after installing the driving drilling and production device 05, and its diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the fixed device 04. The bottom of the pre-constructed well must have rock layers of sufficient strength to prevent well collapse without the need for a wellbore casing. If the rock layer at the bottom of the pre-constructed well is not strong enough and the surface well depth is too long, a cutterhead 051 with a larger target drilling diameter is used. The portion of the cutterhead 051 exceeding the target drilling diameter constitutes the wellbore casing.

[0064] Erect a derrick support frame 023 at the pre-drilled wellhead and install the complete derrick hoisting device 02. Connect the slag pit 031 and the working chamber 011 to electricity, water, and water supply. Transport the entire assembly of the fixing device 04 and the driving drilling and production device 05 to the side of the derrick hoisting device 02. Then, using a crane, connect the fixing device 04 to the crane 022 and place the fixing device 04 into the pre-drilled well. Follow the instructions... Figure 1Complete the installation of other components.

[0065] like Figure 12 As shown, during operation, the control device 01 sends a command to start the hydraulic press motor 071, causing the plunger hydraulic press 07 to run. After the hydraulic power is applied, the first drive component 043 is activated to push the cylinder rod outward, and the telescopic pressure plate 042 presses against the well wall, fixing the fixing device 04 and the driving drilling device 05. Then, the lifting drive component 053 is activated to adjust the position of the cutter head 051, and the first drive motor 052 is activated to rotate the cutter head 051 for drilling. During the drilling process, the lifting drive component 053 is simultaneously driven. Through the cutting of the cutter head 051 and the downward pressure of the hydraulic pressure, the working rock layer is crushed. The crushed rock is screened out into slag particles smaller than 8cm by the action of the cutter head 051. The second drive motor 061 is activated, and the crushed slag and mud are mixed with water and sucked in by the suction cup 062, and then enter the slag pool 031 for sedimentation through the feeding pipe 063. The slag is then lifted out by the hoist and separated from the water. Finally, the separated water flows back into the well through the return water pipe 034. The slag is then lifted out of the separation device 03 by the elevator 032 for easy cleaning.

[0066] During drilling, the water level at the wellhead must be maintained at the position above the wellhead to ensure that the pumping head of the material transport device 06 changes within a suitable range (small fluctuations). If the water level drops, the water supply device 033 will be activated by the control operation device 01 to provide water supply.

[0067] The hydraulic rod extension length of the lifting drive component 053 is the tunneling length of one stroke. During drilling, when the lifting drive component 053 extends to reach this stroke, the first drive motor 052 stops, the first drive component 043 retracts, and the fixing device 04 moves downward to a new position under its own weight, at which point the lifting drive component 053 is fully retracted. The above steps are repeated to begin a new drilling operation until the lifting drive component 053 extends to reach this stroke, at which point the fixing device 04 is lowered again until drilling is complete.

[0068] After drilling is completed, the telescopic pressure plate 042 is retracted, and the crane 022 is started to lift the fixing device 04 and the driving drilling and production device 05 to the wellhead.

[0069] When the various devices of the rodless drilling system are running, the operating status of each device, the relationship of adjustment commands, and the implementation nature of the braking control section are displayed on the computer screen in the working room 011.

[0070] The rodless drilling system allows for flexible and maneuverable drilling with appropriate bends: when bends are made, simply controlling the operating device 01 to instruct the extension rod lengths of multiple lifting drive components 053 controls the tilting and bend of the cutterhead 051 during drilling (e.g., Figure 11 (As shown).

[0071] like Figure 11As shown, for corner drilling: the control operation device 01 drives the lifting drive component 053 to extend, and executes different extension strokes according to the command requirements, so that the cutter head 051 and the frame 041 form an angle, which can realize corner drilling.

[0072] Exit procedure: Activate the first drive component 043 to retract the telescopic pressure plate 042, extend the lifting drive component 053 near the protruding cutter head 0513, and retract the remaining lifting drive components 053 so that the vertical projection size of the cutter head 051 after tilting is similar to the diameter of the frame 041. Then activate the crane 022 to lift the fixing device 04 and drive the drilling and production device 05 and exit the drilling.

[0073] Drilling depth: The cable length of the system fixing device 04 is configured according to the drilling depth. When the power supply line exceeds 500 meters, it can be transformed. The power cable and motor of the fixing device 04 are 380V-660V adjustable cables and frequency conversion motors.

[0074] The information processing unit 08 is designed with pressure resistance technology. Its electrical appliances, electromagnetic switches, electromagnetic hydraulic valves, and other components are all installed in a sealed oil tank, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder cavity 114 of the hydraulic balancer 11. The control and operation device 01 adjusts the power supply voltage according to the power motor information provided by the information processing unit 8 to maintain the effectiveness of the power motor power and the driving force for normal operation. This ensures the stability and continuity of the drilling main unit A, and the structural design allows for normal operation at depths of 2000 meters and below.

[0075] Both the first drive motor 052 (at least two) and the second drive motor 061 are oil-immersed motors. Each motor housing is equipped with a hydraulic balancer 11. The inner cavity of the oil-immersed motor is connected to the hydraulic cylinder cavity 114 of the hydraulic balancer 11, and both cavities are filled with transformer oil. The oil-immersed motors used can be purchased from Jinan Yuli Direct Drive Motor Co., Ltd., and are capable of withstanding high pressure and operating smoothly (normally operating at depths up to 5000 meters underwater). When the external environmental pressure is higher than the internal pressure of the motor cavity, the piston 113 naturally moves into the cylinder 111, balancing the internal and external pressures of the oil-immersed motor and ensuring that the motor housing is not deformed or damaged by the pressure. This structural design allows the motor to operate normally at depths of -2000 meters underwater. The motor housings of both the first drive motor 052 and the second drive motor 061 are designed with stainless steel, and the internal components are made of pressure-resistant alloy steel.

[0076] The 07 plunger hydraulic press features anti-pressure technology: The 07 plunger hydraulic press, integrated into the hydraulic control pipeline, also employs a piston-type oil-immersed pressure balancer. This solves the oil pressure balance problem in the plunger hydraulic press's oil tank, which, in conventional plunger hydraulic presses, is connected to the oil tank via the circuit oil pipe. This tank provides the oil pump's suction source for the plunger hydraulic press. On land, the oil pressure in this tank is the same as atmospheric pressure (a common open-type oil tank in hydraulic presses). When submerged, a hydraulic balancer 11 is added, connecting the balancer's oil to the tank, forming a closed tank. During submersion, the piston 113 of the hydraulic balancer 11 moves inward until the closed tank is hydraulically connected to the external environment, at which point the piston 113 stops moving. When the motor and closed tank rise, the piston 113 moves outward to maintain approximately equal pressure inside and outside the motor and closed tank. At the same time, the oil source for the piston hydraulic press 07 is increased to a certain pressure. When pressurizing, only the increase in the external ambient pressure of the machine is needed to do work, thus ensuring the power supply for the operation of the piston hydraulic press 07.

[0077] Closed oil tank: The information processing unit 08 is pressure balanced by using a closed oil tank to protect the normal operation of its switches and components. The equipment and switching components of the information processing unit 08 are installed in a closed oil-immersed tank. A hydraulic balancer 11 is installed in the closed oil tank to balance the pressure inside and outside the tank, ensuring that the outer shell of the closed oil tank is not deformed or damaged by the increased pressure during submersion. The closed oil tank also ensures that the electrical conductivity between the equipment and switching components and other circuit components inside the oil-immersed tank is blocked, ensuring the normal drilling operation of the main drilling unit A.

[0078] Camera and Information: The information and real-time video transmitted by the control operation device 01 through the signal transmission device 09 facilitate the control operation device 01 to send commands to the information processing unit 08 to control and process the various functions to cooperate in completing the drilling work.

[0079] All electrical components involved in the above system are purchased externally. For example, the plunger hydraulic press 07 can be a product of Jiangsu Fengji Fluid Technology Co., Ltd.

[0080] The present invention also provides a method for drilling using the above-mentioned rodless drilling system, specifically including:

[0081] The downward displacement of the fixing device 04 and the stroke of each lifting drive component 053 are set; the fixing device 04 is started to move downward to the set displacement, and the fixing device 04 extends to fit against the inner wall of the well to ensure that the fixing device 04 stops; the drilling and production device 05 is started to drill, and at the same time, multiple lifting drive components 053 extend with the same stroke to perform vertical drilling, or multiple lifting drive components 053 extend with different strokes to perform inclined well drilling; while the drilling and production device 05 is drilling, the cuttings transport device 06 is started to suck the cuttings out to the separation device 03 outside the well; the separation device 03 separates the cuttings and water, and the separated water flows back into the well.

[0082] When the drilling process of the driving drilling and production device 05 reaches the preset stroke amount, the fixing device 04 retracts and disengages from the inner wall of the well. The fixing device 04 then continues to move downward and reaches the preset displacement amount. This process is repeated until the drilling is completed.

[0083] Hydraulic balancers 11 are mounted on the first drive motor 052 for driving the cutter head 051 to rotate and the second drive motor 061 for driving the suction cup 062 to rotate. The hydraulic balancer 11 has a piston 113 inside. When the fixed device 04 and the driving drilling device 05 are submerged or submerged, the piston 113 is displaced to keep the internal pressure of the first drive motor 052 and the second drive motor 061 balanced with the external water pressure.

[0084] After drilling is completed, the drive drilling and production device 05 is equipped with a cutterhead 051, and the surface of the cutterhead 051 has working surfaces (surface A and surface B) with different diameters. During drilling, the working surfaces with different diameters work simultaneously. After drilling is completed, the lifting drive component that drives the drive drilling and production device 05 to retract near the large-diameter working surface (surface A) retracts, so that the cutterhead 051 tilts relative to the fixed device 04. Then, the derrick hoisting device 02 is activated to lift the fixed device 04 and the drive drilling and production device 05 outside the drilling site.

[0085] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rodless drilling system, characterized in that, The system includes a fixed device (04), a driving drilling and production device (05), a derrick hoisting device (02), a material and slag transport device (06), and a separation device (03). The driving drilling and production device (05) is equipped with multiple lifting drive components (053), which are connected to the lower end of the fixed device (04) with different or the same lifting stroke. By controlling the extension stroke of each lifting drive component (053), the driving drilling and production device (05) can be in a horizontal or inclined state relative to the fixed device (04). The derrick hoisting device (02) is connected to the fixed device (04). The material and slag transport device (06) is connected to the driving drilling and production device (05) and the separation device (03) through a feeding pipe (063) to form a slag discharge channel, and a suction force that can transport slag is generated in the slag discharge channel. The separation device (03) is connected to a return water pipe (034) to form a return water channel. The outer periphery of the fixing device (04) is provided with multiple telescopic pressure plates (042) that can be independently extended and retracted; the fixing device (04) is connected to the derrick hoisting device (02) by falling by its own weight or by being lifted by the derrick hoisting device (02); the driving drilling and production device (05) includes a cutter head (051) and a first drive motor (052) for driving the cutter head (051) to rotate. The cutter head (051) is provided with multiple circular cutters (0512), and the multiple circular cutters (0512) are arranged along multiple diameters of the cutter head (051); the circular cutters (0512) are provided with multiple flat scrapers (0511) on the side of the direction of rotation of the cutter head (051), and the outer circular surface of the cutter head (051) is provided with multiple protruding cutters (0513).

2. The rodless drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material transport device (06) includes a slurry pump and a suction cup (062) with its own pipeline; the slurry pump is provided with a suction port and an outlet, the suction port is provided with a motion interface, the motion interface is connected to the pipeline of the suction cup (062), and a spring ring is provided at the connection point; the outlet is connected to the feeding pipeline (063).

3. The rodless drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling action of the driving drilling device (05) is driven by the first drive motor (052). The first drive motor (052) is equipped with a hydraulic balancer (11) for achieving internal and external pressure balance. The hydraulic balancer (11) includes a cylinder body (111) with a hydraulic cylinder cavity (114), a clamping plate (112) located at the end of the cylinder body (111), and a piston (113) reciprocating in the hydraulic cylinder cavity (114). The clamping plate (112) is mounted on the housing of the first drive motor (052), and the hydraulic cylinder cavity (114) is connected to the cavity of the first drive motor (052).

4. The rodless drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing device (04) further includes a frame (041), a first driving member (043) and a connecting rod (044). The frame (041) has multiple layers, and multiple first driving members (043) are evenly distributed around the circumference of each layer. The first driving member (043) drives the telescopic pressure plate (042) to extend and retract. Each telescopic pressure plate (042) is connected to the frame (041) by the connecting rod (044). The lifting driving member is installed on the frame (041).

5. The rodless drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (051) includes a base plate (05111), a plate holder (05112), and a top plate (05113). The base plate (05111) has arc surfaces A and B with different diameters. The protruding hobbing cutter (0513) is disposed on the arc surface A. The top plate (05113) is located above the base plate (05111). Multiple plate holders (05112) are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the plate holders (05112) connect the top plate (05113) and the base plate (05111). Multiple circular hobbing cutters (0512) are arranged on each plate holder (05112), and the flat scraper (0511) is disposed on the side wall of the plate holder (05112).

6. The rodless drilling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the arc surface A is larger than the diameter of the arc surface B, and the arc surface A and the arc surface B are connected by a plane C; the area of ​​the top plate (05113) is smaller than the area of ​​the bottom plate (05111), so that the plate frame (05112) is tilted upward.

7. A method for drilling using the rodless drilling system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: Set the downward displacement of the fixing device (04) and the extension stroke of each lifting drive (053); The fixing device (04) is activated and moved downward to the set displacement amount. The fixing device (04) extends and fits against the inner wall of the well to ensure that the fixing device (04) stops. The drilling and production device (05) is activated to drill. At the same time, multiple lifting drive components (053) extend with the same stroke amount to perform vertical drilling, or multiple lifting drive components (053) extend with different stroke amounts to perform inclined well drilling. While the drilling and production device (05) is drilling, the slag transport device (06) is activated to suck the slag out to the separation device (03) outside the well. The separation device (03) separates the slag and water, and the separated water is discharged outside the separation device (03). When the drilling process of the driving drilling device (05) reaches the preset stroke amount, the fixing device (04) retracts and disengages from the inner wall of the well. The fixing device (04) then continues to move downward and reaches the preset displacement amount. This process is repeated until the drilling is completed.

8. The method for drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drilling operation of the drilling device (05) is driven by the first drive motor (052). The first drive motor (052) is equipped with a hydraulic balancer (11). The hydraulic balancer (11) is equipped with a piston (113). When the drive element goes up or down, the piston (113) moves to keep the internal pressure of the first drive motor (052) balanced with the external water pressure.

9. The method for drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive drilling and production device (05) is equipped with a cutterhead (051), and the surface of the cutterhead (051) has working surfaces with different diameters. During drilling, the working surfaces with different diameters work simultaneously. After drilling is completed, the lifting drive component (053) that drives the drive drilling and production device (05) to retract close to the large-diameter working surface retracts, so that the cutterhead (051) tilts relative to the fixed device (04). Then, the derrick hoisting device (02) is activated to lift the fixed device (04) and the drive drilling and production device (05) outside the drilling site.

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