A separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator, which includes an air spring structure, an electromagnetic spring structure, a self-compensating structure and a support frame structure. The air spring is connected to the upper and lower support plates of the support frame structure through upper and lower cover plates and their protective cover plates, and is the positive stiffness element of the system; the electromagnetic spring structure is the negative stiffness element of the system; the self-compensating structure uses a mechanical spring to achieve the initial negative stiffness of the system; and the support frame structure provides conditions for the stable operation of the system. The present application can reasonably configure the air spring stiffness, electromagnetic spring stiffness, and self-compensating structure stiffness according to different load conditions, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system. At the same time, the separate structure is easy to disassemble, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the reliability of the system through the support elements. Constructing a quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator, as a typical nonlinear vibration isolator, can meet the quasi-zero stiffness requirements of "high static and low dynamic", greatly improving the vibration isolation performance of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators, in particular to a separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator. Background Art

[0002] In fields such as precision machining, tiny vibrations can seriously affect the normal operation of mechanical equipment. The currently commonly used vibration isolation technology is to block the propagation of vibration to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. However, traditional passive vibration isolators are difficult to achieve both low vibration isolation frequency and high load-bearing capacity.

[0003] To address the need for low- and ultra-low-frequency vibration isolation, the theory of negative stiffness structures has been introduced to construct quasi-zero stiffness isolators. However, existing quasi-zero stiffness isolators suffer from complex structures, strong component coupling, and difficulty in disassembly. Furthermore, quasi-zero stiffness isolators utilize electromagnetic springs as negative stiffness structures, and their prolonged operation can result in significant system energy consumption. To address these issues, the following proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator, which has the advantages of being able to effectively reduce system energy consumption, increase the stability of the vibration isolator operation, and be easy to disassemble and reduce maintenance costs.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator, comprising

[0007] A support frame structure, the support frame structure comprising an upper support plate and a lower support plate, the lower support plate being placed on an external base;

[0008] An air spring structure, the air spring structure comprising an air spring, an upper cover, an upper cover protection plate, a lower cover, and a lower cover protection plate, the upper cover being fixedly connected to the upper cover protection plate, the lower cover being vertically connected to the lower cover protection plate, the air spring being located between the upper cover and the lower cover and being connected to the two cover plates respectively, the upper cover and the upper cover protection plate being fixedly connected to the upper support plate, and the lower cover and the lower cover protection plate being fixedly connected to the lower support plate;

[0009] An electromagnetic spring structure comprising an external permanent magnet, an electromagnetic spring pole, and a connecting device. The electromagnetic spring pole comprises a coil, an E-shaped silicon steel sheet, and a silicon steel sheet protection sheet. The coil is wound around the E-shaped silicon steel sheet to form an electromagnetic spring pole. The electromagnetic spring pole is oriented in the opposite direction to the magnetic pole of the external permanent magnet to generate a repulsive electromagnetic force, which acts on the support structure to achieve active vibration isolation. The external permanent magnet can achieve a change in the positive and negative stiffness of the electromagnetic spring system by reversing the external magnetic pole.

[0010] The self-compensating structure includes a plurality of mechanical springs connected to the E-shaped silicon steel sheet.

[0011] Preferably, the air spring is placed inverted so that its inflation port is located at the base end.

[0012] Preferably, three or more electromagnetic spring structures are provided, and the electromagnetic spring structures are symmetrically arranged around the air spring.

[0013] Preferably, the electromagnetic spring pole is connected to an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod, and the electromagnetic spring pole is fixedly connected to the upper support plate through the upper connecting rod, and the electromagnetic spring pole is fixedly connected to the lower support plate through the lower connecting rod, so as to achieve that several electromagnetic spring poles are consistent in vertical position, and the radial relative position of the electromagnetic spring pole and the external permanent magnet is changed by selecting the length of the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, when the number of mechanical springs is an odd number, one group or an odd array of mechanical springs is located on the center line of the E-shaped silicon steel sheet, and the remaining even arrays of springs are symmetrically distributed up and down; when the number of mechanical springs is an even number, several of the mechanical springs are symmetrically distributed up and down with the center of the E-shaped silicon steel sheet as the center line.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides a separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator to construct a quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system, which makes up for the defect that traditional passive vibration isolators cannot take into account both high static load-bearing capacity and low natural frequency, greatly improves the vibration isolation performance of the vibration isolator, and has good low-frequency vibration isolation effect.

[0017] 2. The patent of this invention adopts the structure of external electromagnetic spring. The separate structure facilitates the disassembly of the vibration isolator and the fault detection of the vibration isolator system, saving equipment maintenance costs.

[0018] 3. The patent of this invention adopts mechanical spring as the self-compensation mechanism of the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system. The self-compensation mechanism of the negative stiffness of the system can reduce the working time of the electromagnetic spring structure and reduce the working energy consumption of the electromagnetic spring structure.

[0019] 4. The patent of this invention adopts a magnetic hybrid vibration isolation system. The combination of active and passive vibration isolation has strong controllability and good low-frequency vibration isolation effect. It works reliably and the system has strong stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the air spring structure in an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the electromagnetic spring structure of the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an electromagnetic spring and its connecting device in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the self-compensation structure of the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the support frame structure of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lower support plate structure of the vibration isolator in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. air spring structure; 11. air spring; 12. upper cover plate; 13. upper cover plate protection cover plate; 14. lower cover plate; 15. lower cover plate protection cover plate; 16. external inflation pipeline; 2. electromagnetic spring structure; 21. external permanent magnet; 22. electromagnetic spring pole; 221. E-shaped silicon steel sheet; 222. Silicon steel sheet protection sheet 1; 223. Silicon steel sheet protection sheet 2; 224. coil; 23. connecting device; 235. support; 236. slide; 237. upper connecting rod; 238. lower connecting rod; 3. self-compensating structure; 31. mechanical spring; 4. support frame structure; 41. upper support plate; 42. lower support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection is not limited to this embodiment. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The same parts are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator includes an air spring structure 1, an electromagnetic spring structure 2, a self-compensating structure 3 and a support frame structure 4. The support frame structure 4 includes an upper supporting plate 41 and a lower supporting plate 42.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the air spring structure 1 serves as a load-bearing element of the system and includes an air spring 11, an upper cover plate 12, an upper cover plate protection plate 13, a lower cover plate 14, and a lower cover plate protection plate 15. The upper cover plate 12 is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 12 protection plate, and the lower cover plate 14 is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate 14 protection plate. The upper surface of the air spring 11 is tightly connected to the upper cover plate 12 by screws. An inflation port is provided on the upper surface of the air spring 11, and an external inflation pipe groove is provided in the upper cover plate 12 protection plate. An external inflation pipe is provided in the external inflation pipe groove. The external inflation pipe is used to complete the inflation and exhaust of the air spring 11.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic spring structure 2 provides the required vibration isolation force for the system and represents the active vibration isolation structure of this application. The electromagnetic spring structure 2 comprises an external permanent magnet 21, an electromagnetic spring pole 22, and a connecting device 23. The external permanent magnet 21 can also be replaced by an armature. The external permanent magnet 21 is connected to the support frame structure 4 through methods such as staggered adhesive bonding with raised projections or screw fastening.

[0032] The electromagnetic spring pole 22 mainly includes an E-shaped silicon steel sheet 221, a silicon steel sheet protection sheet 1 222, a silicon steel sheet protection sheet 2 223 and a coil 224. The E-shaped silicon steel sheet 221 and the silicon steel sheet protection sheet are positioned and connected by a positioning pin. The coil 224 is wound around the E-shaped silicon steel sheet 221. When energized, it forms an electromagnet and generates electromagnetic force. A connecting device 23 is provided on the electromagnetic spring structure 2. The connecting device 23 consists of a support 235, a slide 236 and a connecting rod. The slide 236 is welded and fixed to the support frame structure 4. The support 235 is located in the slide 236 and is slidably connected to the slide 236. The slide 236 is a structure with protrusions on both sides. When the support 235 slides along the slide 236, it cannot detach from the slide 236 from both sides of the slide 236, so that the support 235 can only slide along the slide 236. The electromagnetic spring pole 22 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bracket 235 , and the electromagnetic spring pole 22 is slidably matched with the slide 236 through the bracket 235 .

[0033] When the electromagnetic spring pole 22 is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated, which pushes the electromagnetic spring pole 22 to move along the slide 236 through the bracket 235. The bracket 235 and the slide 236 move in coordination to avoid the occurrence of circumferential misalignment. The generated electromagnetic force acts on the support frame structure 4 through the connecting rod, providing vibration isolation force for the system. The number of electromagnetic spring structures 2 can be three or more and must be symmetrically distributed.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown, the self-compensating structure 3 includes a plurality of mechanical springs 31, which are fixedly connected to the electromagnetic spring pole 22. The mechanical springs 31 need to be symmetrically distributed up and down along the center line of the electromagnetic spring pole 22. The principle of symmetrical distribution can further stabilize the position of the electromagnetic spring pole 22, prevent it from circumferential misalignment, and ensure the stability of the system.

[0035] At the same time, the inherent stiffness of mechanical spring 31 forces electromagnetic spring pole 22 to move axially along slideway 236 via bracket 235, generating an initial negative system stiffness. By properly configuring the stiffness and quantity of mechanical springs 31, it is possible to achieve quasi-zero system stiffness when coil 224 is de-energized, or to achieve self-compensation for negative system stiffness when coil 224 is energized and a low current is passed through it.

[0036] The lower surface of the air spring 11 is tightly connected to the lower cover 14 via screws. The upper support plate 41 is fixedly connected to the air spring 11 cover and its protective cover via screws. Countersunk screws are used for the connection, preventing the screws from affecting the placement of the load-bearing components. The load-bearing components or vibration sources are placed on the upper support plate 41, and the system vibration isolation is completed through the air spring structure 1 and the connecting device 23.

[0037] The lower support plate 42 is connected to the base. After the system is vibration-isolated, the vibration is relatively weak. The external permanent magnet 21 or armature, the slide 236, and the upper cover protection plate 13 of the air spring 11 are connected to it by welding, screw fixing, etc. The relatively weak vibration can ensure the normal operation of the external permanent magnet 21 or armature, the slide 236 and the air spring 11 inflation pipeline. The triangular weld frame at the connection between the lower support plate 42 and the external permanent magnet 21 or armature reinforces the stiffness of the external permanent magnet 21 or armature, thereby enhancing the reliability of the system.

[0038] This application adopts a split structure for easy disassembly, while the self-compensating structure 3 and symmetrical structure increase the stability of the system. In the magnetic hybrid vibration isolation, the air spring structure 1 provides the system's bearing capacity and is the system's positive stiffness element. The electromagnetic spring structure 2, through the energized coil 224, forms an electromagnet that generates a repulsive force with the external permanent magnet 21, providing the required vibration isolation force and being the system's negative stiffness element. Together with the self-compensating structure 3, these two structures form a quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system.

[0039] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator, characterized in that: include A support frame structure (4), the support frame structure (4) comprising an upper support plate (41) and a lower support plate (42), the lower support plate (42) being placed on an external base; An air spring structure (1), the air spring structure (1) comprising an air spring (11), an upper cover plate (12), an upper cover plate protection plate (13), a lower cover plate (14) and a lower cover plate protection plate (15), the upper cover plate (12) being fixedly connected to the upper cover plate protection plate (13), the lower cover plate (14) being highly connected to the lower cover plate protection plate (15), the air spring (11) being located between the upper cover plate (12) and the lower cover plate (14) and being respectively connected to the two cover plates, the upper cover plate (12) and the upper cover plate protection plate (13) being fixedly connected to an upper support plate (41), and the lower cover plate (14) and the lower cover plate protection plate (15) being fixedly connected to a lower support plate (42); An electromagnetic spring structure (2), the electromagnetic spring structure (2) comprising an external permanent magnet (21), an electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) and a connecting device (23), the electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) comprising a coil (224), an E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221) and a silicon steel sheet protection sheet, the coil (224) being wound on the E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221) to form an electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22), the electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) and the external permanent magnet (21) having magnetic pole directions opposite to each other to generate a repulsive electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force acts on a support frame structure (4), thereby achieving active vibration isolation, and the external permanent magnet (21) can achieve a change in the positive and negative stiffness of the electromagnetic spring system by reversing the external magnetic pole; The connecting device (23) includes an upper connecting rod (237) and a lower connecting rod (238), wherein the electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) is fixedly connected to the upper supporting plate (41) via the upper connecting rod (237), and the electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) is fixedly connected to the lower supporting plate (42) via the lower connecting rod (238), so as to achieve that a plurality of electromagnetic spring magnetic poles (22) are kept consistent in vertical position, and the radial relative position of the electromagnetic spring magnetic pole (22) and the external permanent magnet (21) is changed by selecting the length of the connecting rod; A self-compensating structure (3) includes a plurality of mechanical springs (31), and the mechanical springs (31) are connected to an E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221).

2. The separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air spring (11) is placed upside down so that its inflation port is located at the base end.

3. The separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three or more electromagnetic spring structures (2) are provided, and the electromagnetic spring structures (2) are symmetrically arranged around the air spring (11).

4. The separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting device (23) further comprises a support (235) and a slideway (236), wherein the slideway (236) is welded and fixed to the support frame structure (4), the support (235) is located in the slideway (236) and is slidably connected to the slideway (236), the electromagnetic spring pole (22) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support (235), and the electromagnetic spring pole (22) is slidably matched with the slideway (236) through the support (235).

5. The separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of mechanical springs (31) is an odd number, one group or an odd number of mechanical springs (31) is located on the center line of the E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221), and the remaining even number of springs are symmetrically distributed up and down; when the number of mechanical springs (31) is an even number, several mechanical springs (31) are symmetrically distributed up and down with the center of the E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221) as the center line.

6. The separate self-compensating quasi-zero stiffness magnetic hybrid vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicon steel sheet protection sheet comprises a first silicon steel sheet protection sheet (222) and a second silicon steel sheet protection sheet (223), and the two silicon steel sheet protection sheets are respectively fixed on both sides of the E-shaped silicon steel sheet (221).

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