A planarized low-profile ultra-wideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a planar low-profile ultra-wideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna, which comprises the following: the antenna unit comprises a first layer metal patch, a first layer dielectric substrate attached to the first layer metal patch, a second layer dielectric substrate arranged in attachment to the first layer dielectric substrate, a second layer butterfly metal patch arranged on one end surface of the second layer dielectric substrate, a third layer dielectric substrate arranged in attachment to the second layer metal patch, and a fourth layer dielectric substrate arranged in attachment to the third layer dielectric substrate; and a feeding assembly, which comprises a metal ground arranged on one end surface of the fourth layer dielectric substrate, a coaxial probe, a metalized via hole arranged around the coaxial probe, a third layer planar metal strip arranged above the fourth layer dielectric substrate, and a metal short-circuit probe arranged on the opposite side of the antenna unit. According to the application, the antenna has a good cross-polarization ratio, realizes the performance of ultra-wideband and wide-angle scanning, and has the characteristics of low profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ultra-wideband phased arrays, and particularly to a planarized, low-profile ultra-wideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, ultra-wideband phased array antennas have developed rapidly in the fields of radar and communications. The advantage of ultra-wideband phased arrays lies in their operating frequency band covering multiple octaves, enabling multi-functional, multi-tasking, multi-band wireless communication, detection, and sensing within a limited aperture, achieving efficient utilization of the overall aperture. This technology uses a single array to transmit and receive broadband or relatively discrete signals, achieving multi-functional shared aperture and saving integration costs between antennas and systems. To achieve ultra-wideband spectrum coverage, multi-target, high directivity, and long-range diversified communication and sensing performance, modern radio systems typically use ultra-wideband array antennas with beam scanning capabilities. Limited by the physical structure of the carrier platform and multi-physics characteristics, ultra-wideband array antennas usually require miniaturization and low-profile structural characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a planar, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna with a good cross-polarization ratio, achieving ultra-wideband and wide-angle scanning performance while retaining low-profile characteristics. To achieve the above-mentioned objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a planar, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna is provided, comprising:

[0004] The antenna unit includes a first metal patch, a first dielectric substrate attached to the first metal patch, a second dielectric substrate attached to the first dielectric substrate, a second butterfly-shaped metal patch disposed on one end face of the second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate attached to the second metal patch, and a fourth dielectric substrate attached to the third dielectric substrate.

[0005] The power supply assembly includes a metal ground plane disposed on one end face of a fourth dielectric substrate, a coaxial probe, a metallized via disposed around the coaxial probe, a third planar metal strip disposed above the fourth dielectric substrate, and a metal short-circuit probe disposed on the opposite side of the antenna element.

[0006] Preferably, the radiating component includes a second butterfly-shaped metal patch, a third dielectric substrate, and a fourth dielectric substrate.

[0007] Preferably, the first metal patch and the first dielectric substrate form a dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching structure.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first air holes are formed on the first dielectric substrate.

[0009] Preferably, a corresponding second air hole is formed on both the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply component allows the coaxial probe to pass through the metal ground plane and extend to the planar metal strip line via a coaxial interface. The metallized vias placed around the coaxial probe pass through the third and fourth dielectric substrates in sequence, connecting the metal ground plane and the surface of the second butterfly-shaped metal patch.

[0011] Preferably, the third planar metal strip is a microstrip structure, and the third planar metal strip is connected to a coaxial probe to form a planar-to-microstrip feeding structure.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0013] (1) The antenna adopts a planar structure with a cross-section smaller than 0.35 times the wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency. The dielectric metal metasurface matching structure enhances the capacitive coupling of the antenna, achieving good matching within the band, and the antenna scanning angle reaches ±60°.

[0014] (2) The antenna adopts a coaxial to planar metal strip feeding structure, which improves the feeding efficiency and reduces the profile of the antenna element.

[0015] (3) The antenna solves the common-mode resonance problem of tightly coupled dipole antenna array in the working frequency band by adding metal short-circuit probes and setting holes in the dielectric substrate.

[0016] (4) The antenna adopts a planar structure, which is convenient for using standard PCB process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching structure of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a butterfly-shaped metal patch for a planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two elements of a planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the ActiveVSWR of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization at 4 GHz of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization at 8 GHz of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main polarization and cross-polarization at 12 GHz of the planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1-10 A planarized low-profile ultrawideband tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna, comprising: antenna elements, which form an array antenna through an array;

[0029] The antenna unit includes a first metal patch 101, a first dielectric substrate 102 attached to the first metal patch 101, a second dielectric substrate 201 attached to the first dielectric substrate 102, a second butterfly-shaped metal patch 301 disposed on one end face of the second dielectric substrate 201, a third dielectric substrate 302 attached to the second metal patch 301, and a fourth dielectric substrate 303 attached to the third dielectric substrate 302.

[0030] The power supply assembly includes a metal ground 401 disposed on one end face of the fourth dielectric substrate 303, a coaxial probe 403, a metallized via 405 disposed around the coaxial probe 403, a third-layer planar metal strip 404 disposed above the fourth dielectric substrate 303, and a metal short-circuit probe 406 disposed on the side opposite to the antenna element.

[0031] The antenna unit can be divided into three parts according to its function: dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching component, radiation component, and feed component.

[0032] The dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching structure includes a first metal patch 101 and a first dielectric substrate 102. The first dielectric substrate 102 is provided with air holes 103 to reduce the dielectric constant of the first dielectric substrate 102.

[0033] The second dielectric substrate 201 above the second butterfly-shaped metal patch 301 supports the wide-angle matching structure of the dielectric metal metasurface.

[0034] The radiating component includes a second butterfly-shaped metal patch 301 and a third dielectric substrate 302 and a fourth dielectric substrate 303 below the second butterfly-shaped metal patch 301. The third dielectric substrate 302 and the fourth dielectric substrate 303 have hollowed-out sides to reduce the dielectric constant.

[0035] The input port of the power supply component adopts a standard coaxial interface 402. The coaxial probe 403 passes through the metal ground 401 along the normal direction and extends to the third layer planar metal strip 404. The third layer planar metal strip 404 adopts a microstrip line structure and feeds the second layer butterfly metal patch 301 in a slot coupling manner. The metallized vias 405 placed around the coaxial probe 403 constrain and enhance the coaxial to microstrip feed. The metal short-circuit probes 406 near the left and right boundaries of the antenna element are located around the inside of the third layer dielectric substrate 302 and the fourth layer dielectric substrate 303 to suppress common-mode resonance.

[0036] The feeding component couples and feeds the second layer of butterfly-shaped metal patch 301 in the radiating structure via slot coupling; the dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching component is loaded above the radiating component to improve the impedance matching and scanning performance of the array antenna in the ultra-wideband.

[0037] The structure and performance of the antenna of this invention are illustrated here using a planar, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna with an operating frequency band of 3.85-12 GHz as an example. The array antenna element structure is as follows: Figure 1 , 2 As shown; the dielectric-metal metasurface wide-angle matching structure in the antenna element is as follows. Figure 3 As shown; the butterfly-shaped metal patch of the radiating layer in the antenna element is as follows: Figure 4As shown; the arrangement structure between the two elements of the array antenna is as follows Figure 5 As shown; the array antenna structure is as follows Figure 6 As shown. The antenna operates in the 3.85-12GHz frequency band with an S11 value less than -10dB, a scanning angle of ±60°, and a profile height less than 0.35 times the wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency.

[0038] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention, and applications, modifications and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A planarized, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled, wide-angle scanning array antenna, characterized in that, include: Antenna element, which forms an array antenna by means of an array; The antenna unit includes a first layer metal patch (101), a first layer dielectric substrate (102) attached to the first layer metal patch (101), a second layer dielectric substrate (201) attached to the first layer dielectric substrate (102), a second layer butterfly-shaped metal patch (301) disposed on one end face of the second layer dielectric substrate (201), a third layer dielectric substrate (302) attached to the second layer butterfly-shaped metal patch (301), and a fourth layer dielectric substrate (303) attached to the third layer dielectric substrate (302). The first metal patch (101) and the first dielectric substrate (102) constitute a dielectric metal metasurface wide-angle matching structure; The radiating component includes a second butterfly-shaped metal patch (301), a third dielectric substrate (302), and a fourth dielectric substrate (303). The power supply assembly includes a metal ground (401) disposed on one end face of the fourth dielectric substrate (303), a coaxial probe (403), a metallized via (405) disposed around the coaxial probe (403), a third-layer planar metal strip (404) disposed above the fourth dielectric substrate (303), and a metal short-circuit probe (406) disposed on the side opposite to the antenna element. The power supply component allows the coaxial probe (403) to pass through the metal ground (401) in the normal direction via the coaxial interface (402) and extend to the planar metal strip (404). The metallized vias (405) placed around the coaxial probe (403) pass through the third dielectric substrate (302) and the fourth dielectric substrate (303) in sequence, connecting the metal ground (401) and the surface of the second butterfly-shaped metal patch (301).

2. The planarized, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of first air holes (103) are formed on the first dielectric substrate (102).

3. The planarized, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the third dielectric substrate (302) and the fourth dielectric substrate (303) have corresponding second air holes.

4. The planarized, low-profile, ultra-wideband, tightly coupled wide-angle scanning array antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The third planar metal strip (404) is a microstrip structure. The third planar metal strip (404) is connected to the coaxial probe (403) to form a feed structure for planar to microstrip conversion.

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