Device consisting of kinematics kit and spring lever for bogies

Abstract

The present application relates to an arrangement for a bogie, comprising a kinematics kit (300) and a spring lever (200), with which advantageous damping properties and reduced wear can be achieved by improved compensation of relative movements of components of the bogie. To this end, the kinematics kit (300) of the arrangement comprises at least one damping element (306), a friction lining (304) and a spherical bearing (302), and is arranged partially in the interior volume of at least one hollow chamber of the spring lever (200) designed as a hollow chamber profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for a bogie comprising a kinematics package and a spring lever according to the preamble of claim 1 and a bogie having a device comprising a kinematics package and a spring lever according to the preamble of claim 9. Background Art

[0002] Conventional bogies for rail vehicles constructed in steel have, in addition to their high deadweight, additional disadvantages: they consist of a plurality of individual components and have little space for installing components such as drives, control systems and brakes. In such bogies, the main suspension, i.e. the suspension of the wheels or axles relative to the bogie, is usually applied via leaf springs, coil springs or rubber-metal springs.

[0003] In order to reduce the deadweight, bogies of fiber-plastic composite construction are known according to the prior art, in which the main suspension is realized by a bogie frame, for example as described in DE 29 52 182 A1, or by leaf springs made of fiber-plastic composite material (FKV), for example as known from US 2012 / 0 279 416 A1.

[0004] The use of FKVs in the construction of torsion springs, also known as torsion bar springs, torsion bars or torsion rods, offers particular advantages due to the possibility of load-dependent fiber orientation, which means that for the torsional stiffness of a torsion spring made of FKV, the elastic modulus E in the longitudinal direction of the fibers must be taken into account, whereas, unlike in the case of metal springs, the generally smaller shear modulus G does not need to be taken into account.

[0005] Furthermore, for the reasons mentioned above, bogies with a primary suspension using torsion springs have a high potential for lightweight construction and sufficient installation space for installed components. A bogie with a primary suspension using torsion springs is known, for example, from DE 735 080 A, in which the wheel axle is fastened to the bogie frame via vertically oscillating guide rods, each of which is fastened to the end region of a torsion spring arranged transversely to the direction of travel. A similar design is described in DE 838 897 B, in which the guide rods are height-adjustable via adjustable anchoring of the torsion spring in the center of the bogie.

[0006] DE 699 17 159 T2 discloses a bogie matched to a wheel for common support, and comprising at least two wheel axles, at least one longitudinal beam extending from the axle to a section located at least approximately on the central length of the bogie, and an axlebox in which the axle is rotatably mounted, and wherein the longitudinal beam comprises at least one elastic rod forming the main suspension element and consists of a composite material based on fibers embedded in a resin.

[0007] Furthermore, EP 2 733 041 A1 discloses a bogie (for a rail vehicle) comprising: a crossbeam constituting a vehicle body for carrying the rail vehicle; a pair of front and rear axles, the front and rear axles being respectively arranged on both sides of the crossbeam in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle so as to extend in the width direction of the rail vehicle; bearings, respectively provided on both sides of each of the axles in the width direction of the rail vehicle and configured to rotatably carry the axles; an axle housing configured to respectively accommodate the bearings; a disc spring extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle; and a contact element. The invention also provides a plurality of contact members, wherein the contact members are respectively provided at two end sections of the cross beam in the width direction of the rail vehicle, and the end sections are respectively detachably arranged at the middle section of the disc spring in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle so as not to be fastened to the disc spring in the vertical direction; and a supporting member, wherein the supporting member is respectively provided at the axle housing and respectively supports the end section of the disc spring in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle, wherein the upper surface of the central section of each disc spring in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle has a substantially arc-shaped shape that is convex downward in a side view.

[0008] The bogie with a torsion spring primary suspension shown in DE 10 2016 123 784 A1 has a curved spring lever at each wheel set bearing. These spring levers are connected to the end region of the bogie's torsion spring and act on the bearing from above. The spring levers shown are solid steel components. The bearings are attached via flat disks at the bearing-side end regions of the spring levers. The wheel set bearings are each articulated via axle levers to the bogie frame, such as a crossbeam. The bearings with the axle levers and the torsion springs with the spring levers have different torsion points in the bogie, resulting in relative motion between the components during bouncing.

[0009] It is known to use damping elements to compensate for these relative movements. In the design shown in DE 10 2016 123 784 A1, rubber-to-metal elements approximately 50 mm high can be used. Using relatively hard rubber-to-metal elements here exhibits good damping properties, while relatively soft rubber-to-metal elements facilitate good compensation of relative movements. Poor damping can negatively impact ride comfort, and imperfect compensation of relative movements can accelerate wear of the affected components. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a device for a bogie with which not only good damping properties can be achieved but also wear of components of the bogie can be slowed down.

[0011] This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and a bogie having the features of claim 9. Developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0012] The arrangement according to the invention, consisting of a kinematic assembly and a spring lever, is suitable for use in bogies having at least two wheel sets, each having two wheels connected via an axle, wherein each end region of the axle is supported in a bearing. The bearings are connected to the bogie frame in an articulated manner, for example, via an axle lever.

[0013] The spring lever of the device has a first end region, which can be connected to a spring element of the main suspension of the bogie, and a second end region, which forms a bearing associated with the second end region for acting on one of the wheelsets of the bogie by means of a kinematic kit.

[0014] The device is used to transmit and / or absorb and / or compensate for forces and movements of the wheelset relative to the bogie to the main suspension. Preferably, the second end region of the spring lever is arranged such that the spring lever acts on the associated bearing from above; the position designations "above" and "below" are to be understood as referring to the positioning of the device in the bogie, "below" therefore meaning a positioning closer to the ground.

[0015] According to the invention, the kinematics assembly comprises at least one damping element, at least one friction lining and at least one spherical bearing.

[0016] Advantageously, through the embodiment according to the invention of the kinematic kit of the device according to the invention, the damping element can be set up in a targeted manner to meet the damping requirements, because, for example, a spherical bearing implemented as a pivot bearing compensates for angular offsets between components, and a friction lining compensates for translational offsets between components.

[0017] Because the kinematics package according to the present invention requires more installation space than conventional solutions, the spring lever is designed according to the present invention as a hollow-chamber profile having at least one hollow chamber, wherein the kinematics package is at least partially arranged in the interior volume of the at least one hollow chamber, i.e., protrudes into the interior volume of the spring lever. To this end, a first of the outer walls of the spring lever has a recess, through which the kinematics package protrudes into the interior volume of the spring lever, while a second wall, lying opposite the first wall, is connected to the kinematics package.

[0018] Preferably, the spring lever is a hollow-chamber profile with exactly one hollow chamber. In the preferred positioning of the kinematics package above the bearing, the lower wall of the hollow-chamber profile, i.e., the wall facing the bearing, has a cutout for accommodating the kinematics package. The kinematics package can then be fastened to the upper wall of the hollow-chamber profile.

[0019] The damping element of the kinematics package is preferably arranged on the bearing side, i.e., on the side of the kinematics package facing the bearing, and the spherical plain bearing is arranged on the spring lever side, i.e., on the side of the kinematics package facing the spring lever wall, which does not have a recess for accommodating the kinematics package. The damping element is preferably arranged below the spherical plain bearing. The friction lining is arranged between the damping element and the spherical plain bearing.

[0020] For example, the friction lining may be a PTFE-based friction lining.

[0021] In one embodiment of the device, the spring lever is designed as a hollow-chamber profile made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FKV). The FKV spring lever can be designed so that its lower wall has a recess, through which the kinematics package extends into the interior volume of the FKV spring lever. The kinematics package rests on the side of the upper wall of the FKV spring lever facing the interior volume. Consequently, forces transmitted by the kinematics package are absorbed or transmitted to or by the upper wall of the FKV spring lever. By implementing the spring lever as a fiber composite, a significant weight reduction can be achieved while maintaining the same mechanical properties, compared to conventional steel profiles. Carbon fibers are preferably used as reinforcing fibers.

[0022] In another embodiment of the device, the first end region of the spring lever can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the end region of a torsion spring element as a spring component of the bogie's main suspension. The device according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for bogies with a torsion spring main suspension.

[0023] In another embodiment of the device according to the present invention, the kinematic assembly includes a housing that is sealed from the environment. For example, the housing can be sealed on the bearing side with an O-ring seal. On the spring lever side, the housing can include a cover that can be separated from its enclosing surface. Advantageously, the housing provides protection from external influences that promote wear.

[0024] In another embodiment of the device according to the present invention, the kinematics kit is detachably connected to the spring lever and can be detachably connected to the bearing. Advantageously, the kinematics kit can be removed from the device, for example, for maintenance purposes. For example, the kinematics kit can be screwed to the spring lever via a sleeve coupling having a feather key that engages in the kinematics kit.

[0025] In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the kinematics kit has a release securing device arranged between the spherical bearing and the spring lever and engaging in the spherical bearing. For example, in this embodiment, a sleeve coupling with a parallel key can engage in the release securing device in order to detachably connect the kinematics kit to the spring lever.

[0026] On the bearing side, the kinematics package is preferably designed so that, in order to secure its position, a form fit with the bearing is provided, for example via a receptacle for the bearing which is formed for a guide element, such as a journal, to engage in the kinematics package.

[0027] In another embodiment, the kinematic assembly of the device according to the invention has at least one compensating disk. The compensating disk is preferably associated with the damping element and arranged on the damping element, particularly preferably on the bearing side. The compensating disk is primarily used to compensate for tolerances and for leveling between the individual spring levers of the bogie, so that each spring lever of the bogie is preferably loaded with the same intensity.

[0028] In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the damping element of the kinematics assembly is a rubber-to-metal element. The specific damping properties of the rubber-to-metal element can be defined, for example, by the choice of the rubber compound and the shaping of the element.

[0029] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a bogie for a rail vehicle, comprising at least two wheelsets mounted in bearings and at least one crossbeam, wherein each of the two bearings of the wheelsets is connected to the crossbeam in an articulated manner via an axle lever. The bogie has at least two torsion spring elements arranged parallel to the axles of the wheelsets as a main suspension, each of which has at least one region on its side in which it is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the crossbeam. A torsion spring element is associated with each wheelset. Each bearing of the bogie is associated with an arrangement according to the invention comprising a kinematics kit and a spring lever in one of the described embodiments or a combination of the described embodiments, wherein a first end region of the spring lever of the arrangement according to the invention is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an end region of the torsion spring element that projects out of the crossbeam, and a second end region of the spring lever, not connected to the torsion spring element, acts on the bearing by means of the kinematics kit. The kinematics kit is advantageously arranged above the bearing.

[0030] The embodiment of the bogie according to the invention advantageously allows a particularly large number of components of the bogie, in particular the cross member, the main suspension in the form of a torsion spring element and the spring lever of the device, to be produced by FKV in a weight-saving manner.

[0031] In one embodiment, the bearing of the bogie according to the invention has at least one guide element, for example a journal, which engages in a form-fitting manner in the kinematic package for securing the position.

[0032] In the scope of this specification, the term "at least one" is used in a concise sense and may refer to: one, exactly one, a plurality (e.g., exactly two or more than two), a number (e.g., exactly three or more than three), etc. Here, "plurality" or "many" does not necessarily mean that there are multiple or many identical elements, but rather refers to multiple or many elements with the same basic function.

[0033] The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described, but also includes all embodiments having the same effect within the meaning of the invention. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the specifically described feature combinations, but can also be defined by any other combination of specific features of all individual features disclosed as a whole, as long as the individual features do not exclude each other or specific combinations of individual features are not explicitly excluded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The invention is explained below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings, without being restricted to these exemplary embodiments.

[0035] Shown here

[0036] Figure 1A schematic diagram showing a bogie according to the present invention in a scattered perspective;

[0037] Figure 2 Shown in top view with detail D Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bogie according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 The bogie according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 Detail D is given in the schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 4 Shown in side view with detail A Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bogie according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 In Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the cross section of detail A given in FIG shows the device according to the invention;

[0041] Figure 6 by Figure 5 The cross section of detail C in FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Figure 1A bogie 1 for a rail vehicle according to the invention is shown in a perspective view. The bogie 1 has a crossbeam 100 as a central attachment for other components, such as a transmission, a motor, a brake system, a carriage, etc. Four axle lever joints 110 with corresponding receptacles are arranged on the crossbeam 100. Each of the axle lever joints 110 connects an axle lever 111 to the crossbeam 100 in an articulated manner, which is connected to a bearing 140. The two bearings 140 each carry a wheelset 130, each wheelset 130 having two wheels 132 connected to one another via an axle 131. For the main suspension of the rail vehicle, two torsion spring elements 121 are arranged parallel to the axles 131 of the wheelset 130 in the interior volume of the crossbeam 100 and are connected to the crossbeam 100 in a rotationally fixed manner in the region (covered) approximately of the axle center of each torsion spring element 121. A torsion spring receptacle 120 is arranged at each end region of the torsion spring element 121 that projects out of the crossbeam 100. This torsion spring receptacle accommodates the torsion spring element 121 in a rotationally fixed manner. For example, the torsion spring element 121 may include a single torsion spring. However, the torsion spring element 121 may also include two axially aligned torsion springs, whose end regions, located in the interior of the crossbeam 100 and different from the end regions that project out of the crossbeam 100, are connected to the crossbeam 100 in a rotationally fixed manner. A first end 201 of a spring lever 200, oriented substantially transversely to the wheel axle 131, is connected to each torsion spring receptacle 120. The second end 202 of the spring lever 200 acts from above on the associated bearing 140 via a kinematic package (covered).

[0043] Figure 2 Shown in top view Figure 1 The bogie 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. The given detail D is explained in more detail below.

[0044] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 Detail D in FIG. The top view shows the second end region 202 of the spring lever 200, to which the kinematics package (hidden) is connected via the fastening element 210. Also shown are the axle lever joint 110 of the axle lever 111 connected to the crossbeam 100, the bearing 140, and the wheel 132 of the wheel set 130.

[0045] Figure 4 Shown in side view Figure 1 The bogie 1 according to the invention in FIG. Detail A is given in the area of ​​the left bearing 140. Figure 5 , and is described in more detail below.

[0046] Figure 5The cross section at the location of the kinematics kit 300 is shown, and thus the cross section of the arrangement according to the invention consisting of the spring lever 200 and the kinematics kit 300 is shown. Figure 4 Detail A is given in FIG. The wheel axle 131 of the wheel 132 is supported in a bearing 140, which is connected to the shaft lever 111. The kinematics kit 300 acts on the bearing 140 at its upper side. The kinematics kit 300 is arranged partially in the inner volume of the spring lever 200, which is designed as an FKV hollow chamber profile with a hollow chamber, by means of a recess in the lower wall 203. The housing 308 of the kinematics kit 300 rests on the upper inner side of the spring lever 200 in the form of an FKV hollow chamber profile and is connected there to the upper wall 204 of the spring lever 200 by means of a fastening element 210. Detail C is given in FIG. Figure 6 and are described in more detail below.

[0047] Figure 6 Show Figure 5 Detailed view C of the arrangement according to the present invention, consisting of a spring lever 200 and a kinematics kit 300. The kinematics kit 300 projects into the interior volume of the spring lever 200, which is designed as an FKV hollow chamber profile, through a recess in the lower wall 203. The kinematics kit 300 is protected from environmental influences, such as dirt, by a housing 308 having a housing seal 309. The housing 308 has a cover 310, which rests against the inner side of the upper wall 204 of the spring lever 200 and is releasably connected to the upper wall by means of a fastening device 210, such as a sleeve coupling with a key and a screw. The fastening device 210 is connected to a release securing device 301, which engages in a spherical bearing 302 and secures it in place. An adapter plate 303 is provided on the spring lever side of the spherical bearing 302 for matching the friction lining 304. The friction lining 304 compensates for or enables relative movements between the spring lever 200 and the shaft lever 111 (not shown). An adapter plate 305 on the shaft lever side is connected to the friction lining 304 and serves as a link to a rubber-metal element 306, on which at least one compensating disk 307 rests on the bearing 140, for example, to compensate for tolerances. The at least one compensating disk 307 and the rubber-metal element 306 rest in a form-fitting manner on a bearing journal 141, which is fixedly connected to the bearing 140 in order to maintain a defined position of the kinematics set 300 relative to the bearing 140.

[0048] Reference Signs List

[0049] 1 bogie

[0050] 100 beams

[0051] 110-axis lever joint

[0052] 111 axis lever

[0053] 120 torsion spring housing

[0054] 121 torsion spring element

[0055] 130 wheel set

[0056] 131 axles

[0057] 132 rounds

[0058] 140 bearings

[0059] 141 bearing journal

[0060] 200 spring lever

[0061] 201 First end region of the spring lever

[0062] 202 Second end region of the spring lever

[0063] 203 lower wall

[0064] 204 upper wall

[0065] 210 kinematics kit fastening device

[0066] 300 Kinematics Kit

[0067] 301 Leaving the security device

[0068] 302 spherical plain bearings

[0069] 303 spring adapter plate for lever side

[0070] 304 friction lining

[0071] Adapter plate for the lever side of the 305 shaft

[0072] 306 rubber metal components

[0073] 307 compensation plate

[0074] 308 shell

[0075] 309 housing seals

[0076] 310 housing cover

[0077] A Figure 4 Details in

[0078] C Figure 5 Details in

[0079] D Figure 2 Details in

Claims

1. A device for a bogie (1) comprising a kinematics kit (300) and a spring lever (200), the bogie (1) having at least two wheel sets (130), each of which has two wheels (132) connected via an axle (131), wherein a first end region (201) of the spring lever (200) can be connected to a spring element of a main suspension of the bogie (1), and a second end region (202) of the spring lever (200) is configured for acting on a bearing (140) of one of the wheel sets (130) of the bogie (1) by means of the kinematics kit (300), characterized in that The kinematics kit (300) comprises at least one damping element (306), a friction lining (304) and a spherical bearing (302) and is arranged partially in the interior volume of at least one hollow chamber of a spring lever (200) designed as a hollow chamber profile.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spring lever (200) is designed as a hollow chamber profile made of fiber-plastic composite material.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first end region (201) of the spring lever (200) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an end region of a torsion spring element (121) as a spring component of the main suspension of the bogie (1).

4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The kinematics kit (300) is detachably connectable to the spring lever (200) and the bearing (140).

5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The kinematics kit (300) has a housing (308) that is sealed from the environment.

6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The kinematics kit (300) further comprises a departure securing device (301) which is arranged between the spherical bearing (302) and the spring lever (200) and engages in the spherical bearing (302).

7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The kinematics kit (300) has at least one compensation disk (307) associated with a damping element (306) of the kinematics kit (300).

8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The damping element (306) of the kinematic kit (300) is a rubber-metal element.

9. A bogie (1) for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: The bogie has at least two wheel sets (130) supported in bearings (140) and at least one crossbeam (100), wherein each of the two bearings (140) of the wheel set (130) is connected to the crossbeam (100) in an articulated manner via an axle lever (111), and the bogie has at least two torsion spring elements (121) arranged parallel to the wheel set (130), each of the torsion spring elements having at least one region in which the torsion spring element is connected to the crossbeam (100) in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein each axle A bearing (140) is associated with a device consisting of a kinematics kit (300) and a spring lever (200) according to any one of the above claims 1 to 8, wherein a first end region (201) of the spring lever (200) of the device is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an end region of the torsion spring element (121) that projects beyond the crossbeam (100), and a second end region (202) of the spring lever (200) that is not connected to the torsion spring element (121) acts on the bearing (140) by means of the kinematics kit (300).

10. The bogie (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that The bearing (140) has at least one guide element (141) which engages in the kinematic set (300).

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