A liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease, its preparation method, usage method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canker disease. The liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canker disease according to the present invention, through scientific formulation, effectively increases soil organic matter, regulates the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, rapidly adjusts microbial activity, promotes the activities of beneficial microorganisms, breaks soil compaction, regulates the transformation and storage of nitrogen elements in grape plants, reduces the incidence rate of grape water canker disease, and increases grape yield. In addition, compared with the existing solid soil conditioner, the liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention is convenient to use. For grape water canker disease which occurs during the fruit swelling period, the liquid soil conditioner can be used from the hard kernel stage to the fruit swelling stage, with strong pertinence. And the solid soil conditioner is generally used as base fertilizer after autumn picking, and the liquid soil conditioner has stronger pertinence compared with the solid conditioner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid soil conditioners, and in particular relates to a liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water pitcher disease, a preparation method, a use method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grapes are one of the oldest and most widely distributed fruits in the world. Most of the berries are round or oval, and the color varies with the variety. Grapes have high nutritional value and can be made into grape juice, raisins and wine. Grapes are large, thick-skinned, less juice, more water, and the skin and flesh are easy to separate. The taste is sweet and sour. The flesh has a thin skin and a thin frost on the skin. Some varieties are seedless. Grapes can be eaten raw as fruit, or used to make wine or raisins.

[0003] Grape water jar disease mainly manifests itself on the bunches. Symptoms usually appear after the fruit is sizing and during the maturity period. Often, the color of several to dozens of fruits at the tip of the bunch is abnormal. In colored varieties, the color of the diseased fruit is dull; in white varieties, the diseased fruit appears water-soaked. The sugar content of the diseased fruit decreases, the taste is very sour, the flesh gradually becomes soft, and the skin and flesh are very easy to separate, becoming a bag of sour water. When gently squeezed by hand, water droplets overflow in strings, so it is called "water jar". This disease is also called water jar disease or water red grain. Round or oval brown spots appear on the fruit stalks, and separation is easy to occur between the fruit stalks and the fruit, and the diseased fruit is very easy to fall off.

[0004] Grape water pitcher disease occurs when a large number of primary fruits are retained and a large number of secondary fruits are retained, especially in recent years, when farmers have excessively used chemical fertilizers in the process of growing grapes, which has led to a decrease in soil organic matter and compaction, and a decrease in the content and activity of microorganisms in the soil, resulting in the inability of the root system to stretch and being susceptible to soil diseases, resulting in poor resistance of grape plants, and thus making the water pitcher disease more severe; unreasonable fertilization during the grape planting process leads to nutritional imbalance in the soil. Nowadays, the nitrogen content in the soil is too high after the grape hard core period, resulting in an imbalance in the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and poor reproductive growth of grapes, causing severe grape water pitcher disease. Grape water pitcher disease is generally considered to be a physiological disease, which is caused by insufficient nutrients in the tree body and leads to physiological dysfunction. However, the cause of grape water pitcher disease is complex. It is not just a problem of nutritional deficiency, but is closely related to soil problems.

[0005] Currently commonly used prevention measures include: increasing the application of organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance tree vigor, timely inter-cultivation and weeding to avoid soil compaction; reasonably adjusting the fruit load, increasing the number of leaves, and leaving as few secondary fruits as possible; reasonably carrying out summer pruning, handling the relationship between the main and secondary shoots, and adopting the method of "leaving one bunch of fruit on one branch" while ensuring yield to reduce the incidence of disease and improve fruit quality; in the young fruit stage, spray 200-300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves to increase the potassium content of leaves and fruits in order to reduce the incidence of disease.

[0006] The prior art mainly focuses on increasing fertilizer application and reasonably thinning fruits to avoid insufficient nutrition in grapes. Conventional farming operations cannot solve the problems of soil and the imbalance of nitrogen elements in grape plants. Applying organic fertilizers or soil conditioners generally has a long time interval from the base fertilizer application to the hard kernel stage and fruit swelling stage of grapes, and cannot solve the soil deterioration caused by subsequent fertilization. If applied after the hard kernel stage, it is inconvenient to use. Since the effect of such products is slow, it cannot quickly enhance the activity of soil microorganisms, resulting in the inability to prevent water can disease. When using liquid fertilizers or soil conditioners, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are usually added to regulate the nitrogen elements in grape plants to a certain extent. However, due to soil deterioration and poor root absorption, a large amount of phosphorus and potassium is required, and the soil salt content is too high, which further causes soil deterioration and leads to an unsatisfactory effect in preventing water can disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for a soil conditioner that is convenient to use for preventing water can disease in grapes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid soil conditioner for preventing water can disease in grapes, a preparation method, a usage method and its application. The liquid soil conditioner for preventing water can disease in grapes provided by the present invention can effectively increase soil organic matter, adjust the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, quickly adjust the activity of microorganisms, promote the activities of beneficial microorganisms, break soil compaction, regulate the transformation and storage of nitrogen elements in grape plants, reduce the incidence of water can disease in grapes, and increase grape yield.

[0008] The present invention provides a liquid soil conditioner for preventing water can disease in grapes, comprising: kitchen waste fermentation liquid, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, ferrous lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine, Bacillus velezensis, Aspergillus sydowii, and stabilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in mass percentages:

[0010] Kitchen waste fermentation liquid 40 - 60%, fructooligosaccharide 20 - 50%, phenylalanine 0.1 - 10%, calcium iminodisuccinate 1 - 10%, magnesium iminodisuccinate 2 - 5%, ferrous lignosulfonate 1 - 5%, zinc lignosulfonate 0.1 - 5%, betaine 1 - 5%, Bacillus velezensis 0.1 - 5%, Aspergillus sydowii 0.1 - 5%, stabilizer 0.01 - 0.5%.

[0011] Preferably, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid is prepared according to the following method:

[0012] Screen the kitchen waste to obtain solid waste and primary filtrate;

[0013] The primary filtrate is pulped and then subjected to hydrothermal treatment, followed by solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation in sequence to obtain a residue phase, oil and fat, and a secondary filtrate;

[0014] The secondary filtrate is anaerobically fermented to obtain biogas, biogas residue and fermentation broth, and the food waste fermentation broth is separated.

[0015] Preferably, the hydrothermal treatment method comprises the following steps: heating at 130-140°C, controlling the water temperature at 70-80°C, and lasting for 5-18 h;

[0016] The anaerobic fermentation is that the secondary filtrate is cooled to 30-40°C and then sent to a CSTR anaerobic reactor for anaerobic fermentation.

[0017] Preferably, the stabilizer is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000, maleic acid or gelatin.

[0018] Preferably, the viable count of the Bacillus velezensis is 10×10 8 ~35×10 8 cfu / g; the viable count of the Aspergillus sydowii is 10×10 8 ~25×10 8 cfu / g.

[0019] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above liquid soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0020] A) Mixing the food waste fermentation broth, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, iron lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine and a stabilizer to obtain a mixed solution;

[0021] B) Adjusting the pH of the mixed solution and then mixing it with Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii to obtain the liquid soil conditioner.

[0022] Preferably, the pH is adjusted to 3.0-5.0.

[0023] The present invention also provides an application of the above liquid soil conditioner in preventing grape water can disease.

[0024] The present invention also provides a using method of the above liquid soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0025] At any time from the hard kernel stage to the fruit expansion stage of the grape, the liquid soil conditioner is applied by drip irrigation, and the application amount is 10-20 kg / mu.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease, comprising: kitchen waste fermentation liquid, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, iron lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine, Bacillus velezensis, Aspergillus sydowii, and a stabilizer. The liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease of the present invention, through scientific compatibility, effectively increases soil organic matter, adjusts the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, quickly adjusts microbial activity, promotes the activities of beneficial microorganisms, breaks soil compaction, adjusts the transformation and storage of nitrogen elements in grape plants, reduces the incidence rate of grape water canning disease, and increases grape yield. In addition, compared with the existing solid soil conditioner, the liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention is convenient to use. For grape water canning disease that occurs during the fruit swelling period, the liquid soil conditioner can be used from the hard kernel stage to the fruit swelling stage, with strong pertinence. And the solid soil conditioner is generally used as base fertilizer after autumn picking. The liquid soil conditioner has stronger pertinence than the solid conditioner. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The present invention provides a liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease, comprising: kitchen waste fermentation liquid, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, iron lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine, Bacillus velezensis, Aspergillus sydowii, and a stabilizer.

[0028] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the liquid soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in mass percentages:

[0029] Kitchen waste fermentation liquid 40 - 60%, fructooligosaccharide 20 - 50%, phenylalanine 0.1 - 10%, calcium iminodisuccinate 1 - 10%, magnesium iminodisuccinate 2 - 5%, iron lignosulfonate 1 - 5%, zinc lignosulfonate 0.1 - 5%, betaine 1 - 5%, Bacillus velezensis 0.1 - 5%, Aspergillus sydowii 0.1 - 5%, stabilizer 0.01 - 0.5%.

[0030] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention comprises 40 - 60% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, preferably 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, or any value between 40 - 60%.

[0031] In the present invention, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid is prepared according to the following method:

[0032] Screen the kitchen waste to obtain solid waste and a first-stage filtrate;

[0033] Pulverize the first-stage filtrate and then perform hydrothermal treatment, and then perform solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation in sequence to obtain a residue phase, oil, and a second-stage filtrate;

[0034] The secondary filtrate is anaerobically fermented to obtain biogas, biogas residue and fermentation broth, and the food waste fermentation broth is separated.

[0035] Among them, the method of the hydrothermal treatment includes the following steps: heating at 130-140°C, controlling the water temperature at 70-80°C, and lasting for 5-18 h;

[0036] The anaerobic fermentation is that the secondary filtrate is cooled to 30-40°C and then sent to a CSTR anaerobic reactor for anaerobic fermentation.

[0037] The food waste fermentation broth is the product after fermentation, with stable properties, rich in amino acids, humic acid, extracellular polysaccharides and microbial secondary metabolites, which can quickly supply nutrients to soil microorganisms, provide an excellent environment for the propagation of microorganisms, achieve the purpose of improving the soil and promoting the growth of grape roots, thereby enhancing the resistance of grape plants.

[0038] Compared with conventional amino acids, humic acid, seaweed essence and other components, the food waste fermentation broth is more nutrient-rich, enabling the large-scale reproduction of Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii. The food waste fermentation broth combined with fructooligosaccharide can enable the directional propagation of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii, preventing the reproduction of common harmful bacteria.

[0039] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention further includes 20-50% of fructooligosaccharide, preferably 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, or any value between 20-50%. Among them, fructooligosaccharide is a water-soluble inulin-type oligosaccharide with a uniform molecular weight, which can regulate the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, is more conducive to the reproduction of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii, is not conducive to the reproduction of harmful bacteria, increases the number and activity of beneficial bacteria in the soil, and achieves the purpose of improving the soil; entering the grape plant, fructooligosaccharide, as a triggering factor, can trigger the outbreak of plant endogenous reactive oxygen species, not only can directly inhibit diseases, but also can induce and activate defense responses as a second messenger, effectively enhancing the resistance of grape plants.

[0040] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention further includes 0.1-10% of phenylalanine, preferably 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, or any value between 0.1-10%. Among them, phenylalanine delays the absorption of nitrogen by grape plants through nitrification inhibition; phenylalanine can stimulate the synthesis of proline and the activity of enzymes, reduce the transpiration intensity, increase the respiratory intensity of crops, provide energy for plant life activities, provide raw materials for the synthesis of important organic substances in plants, and improve the disease resistance and immunity of plants.

[0041] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention also includes 1-10% of calcium iminodisuccinate, preferably 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, or any value between 1% and 10%. Among them, the calcium content in calcium iminodisuccinate is ≥10%, and it has excellent water solubility. Compared with common chelated calcium, it has strong stability and can effectively increase the resistance of grape plants, increase fruit hardness, and enhance fruit toughness.

[0042] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention also includes 2-5% of magnesium iminodisuccinate, preferably 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 2% and 5%. Among them, the Mg content in magnesium iminodisuccinate is ≥ 6%, which is more stable than common chelated magnesium, can promote chlorophyll synthesis, enhance leaf photosynthesis, make leaves turn green quickly, thicken, and increase plant resistance; participate in the activity of glutamine synthetase, promote glutamate to form glutamine, and eliminate the toxicity of free nitrogen.

[0043] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention also includes 1-5% of lignin sulfonate iron, preferably 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 1% and 5%. The Fe content in lignin sulfonate iron is ≥11%, which is formed by fully chelating ferrous sulfate and lignin sulfonic acid, has strong stability, participates in chlorophyll synthesis, and lignin sulfonic acid has a special network structure and contains a large number of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which can increase the activity of soil nutrient ions in the soil, promote the absorption of original nutrients in the soil, and can absorb the intergroup effect of bacteria to inhibit bacterial regeneration, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing soil pathogenic bacteria.

[0044] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention also includes 0.1-5% zinc lignin sulfonate, preferably 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 1% and 5%. The content of Zn in zinc lignin sulfonate is ≥8%, and the high zinc content participates in the photosynthesis of plants, which can effectively promote the reproductive growth of plants; lignin sulfonic acid has a special network structure, contains a large number of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, can improve the activity of soil nutrient ions in the soil, promote the absorption of original nutrients in the soil, can absorb the intergroup effect of bacteria, inhibit bacterial regeneration, and achieve the purpose of reducing soil pathogenic bacteria.

[0045] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention also includes 1-5% betaine, preferably 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 1% and 5%. Betaine is a substance that is beneficial to the growth of plants under stress, can effectively promote the formation of taproots and fibrous roots, and improve the absorption and conversion of nutrients by crops.

[0046] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention further comprises 0.1-5% of Bacillus velezensis, preferably 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 1-5%. In the present invention, Bacillus velezensis with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 25765 is preferably adopted.

[0047] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention further comprises 0.1-5% of Aspergillus sydowii, preferably 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, or any value between 1-5%. The present invention has no special restrictions on the specific type and source of the Aspergillus sydowii, and generally commercially available Aspergillus sydowii can be used.

[0048] The viable count of the Bacillus velezensis is 10×10 8 ~35×10 8 cfu / g, preferably 10×10 8 、15×10 8 、20×10 8 、25×10 8 、30×10 8 、35×10 8 ,or 10×10 8 ~35×10 8 cfu / g, and more preferably 15.3×10 8 cfu / g; the viable count of the Aspergillus sydowii is 10×10 8 ~25×10 8 cfu / g, preferably 10×10 8 、15×10 8 、20×10 8 、25×10 8 ,or 10×10 8 ~25×10 8 cfu / g, and more preferably 10.2×10 8 cfu / g. Both are beneficial soil bacteria, and their metabolites have the effect of inhibiting harmful pathogens.

[0049] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention further comprises 0.01-0.5% of a stabilizer, preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, or any value between 0.01-0.5%. Among them, the stabilizer is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000, maleic acid or gelatin.

[0050] The liquid soil conditioner provided by the present invention may further include the balance of water, which is added or not added according to the dosage of the above raw materials.

[0051] In the present invention, there is no special limitation on the dosage forms of fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, iron lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, and betaine, and the powder form is preferred.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease comprises: 50% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 35% of fructooligosaccharide powder, 1% of phenylalanine powder, 5% of calcium iminodisuccinate powder, 2.5% of magnesium iminodisuccinate powder, 2% of iron lignosulfonate powder, 1% of zinc lignosulfonate powder, 3% of betaine powder, 0.2% of Bacillus velezensis, 0.2% of Aspergillus sydowii, and 0.1% of stabilizer.

[0053] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a liquid soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0054] A) Mixing kitchen waste fermentation liquid, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, iron lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine and stabilizer to obtain a mixed liquid;

[0055] B) Adjusting the pH of the mixed liquid and then mixing it with Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii to obtain the liquid soil conditioner.

[0056] Specifically, in step A), the raw materials are preferably mixed in the following order:

[0057] 1) Mixing calcium iminodisuccinate powder, magnesium iminodisuccinate powder, iron lignosulfonate powder and zinc lignosulfonate powder to obtain a mixed powder;

[0058] 2) Mixing betaine powder and stability powder to obtain a mixed powder;

[0059] 3) Mixing kitchen waste fermentation liquid and fructooligosaccharide powder to obtain a mixture;

[0060] 4) Mixing the mixture obtained in step 3), phenylalanine powder, the powder obtained by mixing in step 1), and the powder obtained by mixing in step 2) to obtain a mixed liquid.

[0061] Among them, there is no special limitation on the preparation order of steps 1) to 3).

[0062] The present invention has no special limitation on the specific method of the mixing, and mechanical mixing well-known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0063] Next, the pH of the obtained mixed solution is adjusted to 3.0 to 5.0, preferably 4.0. Preferably, citric acid is used to adjust the pH of the mixed solution.

[0064] After the pH value is adjusted, a mixed bacteria of Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus polymorpha is added to the mixed solution, the mixture is stirred, and the mixture is allowed to stand to obtain a liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water pot disease.

[0065] The mixing temperature is 25°C and the mixing time is 10 minutes.

[0066] Because the amount of oligofructose is large, and the mixture mixed with the kitchen fermentation liquid is more viscous, in order to ensure the stability of the finished product, the kitchen fermentation liquid and oligofructose are first stirred when applied. Since all powders of the present invention are water-soluble, except for Bacillus Velez, Aspergillus polypoly and oligofructose, the remaining powders can be mixed all at once. In order to ensure that Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus polypoly are in a dormant state in the finished product, they will not cause a large number of deaths after a large number of expansions after addition, and acid adjustment is required before adding Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus polypoly. The mixed liquid needs to be made to have a solution pH of 4.0 by citric acid, so that Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus polypoly can enter a dormant state after adding the solution. The finished product is stable in state. When used for dilution, Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus polypoly enter the soil and release the dormant state through pH changes, and the purpose of rapid expansion and activation of the soil is achieved through the remaining components of the finished product.

[0067] The present invention also provides an application of the liquid soil conditioner in preventing grape water pitcher disease.

[0068] The present invention increases beneficial bacteria in the soil, enhances microbial activity, improves and increases soil aggregate structure, breaks soil compaction, regulates nitrogen content in grape plants, enhances grape resistance, and inhibits the impact of diseases on grape plants, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing grape water jar disease by adjusting the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, supplementing active organic matter, and quickly activating organic bacteria.

[0069] The present invention also provides a method for using the liquid soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0070] At any time from the grape hard core stage to the fruit swelling stage, the liquid soil conditioner is applied by dripping, and the application amount is 10-20 kg / mu, preferably 10, 15, 20, or 10-20 kg / mu.

[0071] The invention is liquid and can be directly used from the grape hard core stage to the fruit swelling stage. It is easy to use, all ingredients can be directly absorbed and utilized by the grapes, and it has strong pertinence.

[0072] To further understand the present invention, the liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canning disease provided by the present invention, its preparation method, usage method and application will be described below in conjunction with embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.

[0073] The following kitchen waste fermentation liquid is prepared according to the following method:

[0074] Screen the kitchen waste to obtain solid waste and primary filtrate;

[0075] After pulping the primary filtrate, heat it at 135 °C, control the water temperature at 75 °C, and carry out hydrothermal treatment for 10 h. Then, carry out solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation in sequence to obtain a residue phase, oil, and secondary filtrate;

[0076] Cool the secondary filtrate to 35 °C, then send it to a CSTR anaerobic reactor for anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas, biogas residue and fermentation liquid, and separate to obtain kitchen waste fermentation liquid (amino acid ≥ 30 g / L, humic acid ≥ 60 g / L, organic matter ≥ 100 g / L).

[0077] Bacillus velezensis is Bacillus velezensis with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 25765;

[0078] Aspergillus sydowii is provided by Beijing Bowen Hezhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0079] The viable bacteria count in the Bacillus velezensis is 10×10 8 ~35×10 8 cfu / g; the viable bacteria count in Aspergillus sydowii is 10×10 8 ~25×10 8 cfu / g.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] 1. Materials and methods

[0082] 1.1 Test variety: Shine Muscat grapes

[0083] 1.2 Test location: Shine Muscat grape planting base, Bazicun, Zhapu, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province

[0084] The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil are

[0085] Table 1 Basic physical and chemical properties of the soil

[0086] Organic matter (g / kg) <![CDATA[Bulk density (g / cm 3 )]]> Fungi (cfu / g) Actinomycetes (cfu / g) 13.32 1.46 <![CDATA[8.5*10 4 > <![CDATA[1.9*10 6 > Low Tight Low Low

[0087] 1.3 Test design

[0088] The experiment was conducted in areas with poor soil quality in this region where the incidence of water canker disease was severe in previous years. A total of 11 treatments were designed, with 3 replicates for each treatment, resulting in 33 plots. The plots were randomly arranged in blocks, and the area of each plot was 330 m 2 . The farming operations for the 11 treatments were all the same. In the conventional farming operations of the Sunshine Rose variety, the method of "leaving one cluster of fruits per shoot" was adopted for all.

[0089] Treatment 1 (blank group): Foliar spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 200 times dilution (300 g / acre / time) during the first swelling stage and the hardening stage, for a total of 2 times.

[0090] Treatment 2 (control group): Organic fertilizers were applied at a rate of 400 kg / acre by ditch application during the autumn base fertilizer application, followed by burying and rotary tilling to make it uniform. The effective viable count was ≥ 200 million / g, the effective viable bacteria were Bacillus subtilis, and the organic matter content was ≥ 45%. The source of organic matter was sheep manure.

[0091] Treatment 3: 30% kitchen waste fermentation broth, 15% fructooligosaccharide powder, 1% phenylalanine powder, 5% calcium iminodisuccinate powder, 2.5% magnesium iminodisuccinate powder, 2% ferric lignosulfonate powder, 1% zinc lignosulfonate powder, 3% betaine powder, 0.2% Bacillus velezensis, 0.2% Aspergillus sydowii, 0.1% stabilizer polyethylene glycol 6000, 40% distilled water. It was drip - applied during the first swelling stage and the hardening stage, with a application rate of 20 kg / acre / time, for a total of 2 times.

[0092] Treatment 4: 50% kitchen waste fermentation broth, 35% fructooligosaccharide powder, 1% phenylalanine powder, 5% calcium iminodisuccinate powder, 2.5% magnesium iminodisuccinate powder, 2% ferric lignosulfonate powder, 1% zinc lignosulfonate powder, 3% betaine powder, 0.2% Bacillus velezensis, 0.2% Aspergillus sydowii, 0.1% stabilizer polyethylene glycol 6000. It was drip - applied during the first swelling stage and the hardening stage, with a application rate of 20 kg / acre / time, for a total of 2 times.

[0093] Control 1

[0094] Soil conditioner powder (provided by Beijing Bowen Hezhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) 70.1%, fructooligosaccharide powder 15%, phenylalanine powder 1%, calcium iminodisuccinate powder 5%, magnesium iminodisuccinate powder 2.5%, ferric lignosulfonate powder 2%, zinc lignosulfonate powder 1%, betaine powder 3%, Bacillus velezensis 0.2%, Aspergillus sydowii 0.2%. After mixing evenly, it was applied by ditch during the autumn base fertilizer application and then buried and rotary tilled evenly, with a application rate of 200 kg / acre.

[0095] Controls 2 - 3

[0096] The formula is shown in Table 2

[0097] Table 2

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] The usage method is to apply it by drip irrigation during the first swelling period and the hard kernel period, with the application rate of 20 kg / mu / time for a total of 2 times.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] Compared with Treatment 3, the fructooligosaccharide powder was replaced with glucose powder. The usage method is to apply it by drip irrigation during the first swelling period and the hard kernel period, with the application rate of 20 kg / mu / time for a total of 2 times.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] Compared with Treatment 3, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid was replaced with a commercially available water-soluble fertilizer provided by Beijing Bowen Hezhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The usage method is to apply it by drip irrigation during the first swelling period and the hard kernel period, with the application rate of 20 kg / mu / time for a total of 2 times.

[0105] Comparative Example 6

[0106] Compared with Treatment 3, calcium iminodisuccinate powder and magnesium iminodisuccinate were replaced with conventional chelated calcium (EDTA-calcium) and conventional chelated magnesium (EDTA-magnesium). The usage method is to apply it by drip irrigation during the first swelling period and the hard kernel period, with the application rate of 20 kg / mu / time for a total of 2 times.

[0107] Comparative Example 7

[0108] Compared with Treatment 3, the ferrous lignosulfonate powder and zinc lignosulfonate powder were replaced with conventional chelated iron powder (EDTA-iron) and conventional chelated zinc powder (EDTA-zinc). The usage method is to apply it by drip irrigation during the first swelling period and the hard kernel period, with the application rate of 20 kg / mu / time for a total of 2 times.

[0109] 2. Results and Analysis

[0110] 2.1 Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

[0111] Table 3 Effects of Different Treatments on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] As can be seen from the above table, Treatments 3 and 4 are the two groups with the best effects in terms of organic matter, bulk density, fungi, and actinomycetes. Among them, Treatment 4 with higher contents of each component is the best group. The organic matter, bulk density, fungi, and actinomycetes of all the comparative groups are better than those of Treatments 1 and 2, but lower than those of Treatment 3. It shows that in terms of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the formula of the present invention can effectively increase the soil organic matter, effectively reduce the soil bulk density, break the soil hardpan, increase the soil porosity, and effectively increase the quantity and activity of soil microorganisms.

[0115] 2.2 Influence on Nitrogen Element in Grape Plants during the Fruit Enlargement Period

[0116] Table 4

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from the above table, the nitrogen contents in the grape plants of Treatments 1 and 2 are still too high, and the risk of suffering from water canning disease is higher. The nitrogen contents in the grape plants of Treatments 3 and 4 not only meet the growth requirements during fruit enlargement but also are effectively controlled, reducing the risk of suffering from water canning disease. They are the two groups with the best effects. Among them, Treatment 4 with higher content is the best group. The nitrogen element in all the comparative groups in the grape plants is better than that of Treatments 1 and 2, but higher than that of Treatment 3. It shows that in terms of the nitrogen element in grape plants during the fruit enlargement period, the formula of the present invention can effectively regulate the nitrogen element in grape plants, meet the growth while preventing the excessive nitrogen element.

[0120] 2.3 Influence on Grape Suffering from Water Canning Disease and Yield

[0121] Table 5 Influence of Different Treatments on the Incidence Rate of Grape Water Canning Disease and Yield per Mu

[0122] Treatment Incidence of water canker disease (%) Yield per mu (kg) Treatment 1 19.3 2773.5 Treatment 2 12.6 3067.2 Treatment 3 3.2 3380.3 Treatment 4 0.7 3569.6 Control 1 11.7 3095.8 Control 2 10.3 3166.6 Control 3 9.2 3197.2 Control 4 11.2 3122.4 Control 5 10.8 3161.2 Control 6 8.3 3213.4 Control 7 7.4 3226.9

[0123] As can be seen from the above table, in terms of the incidence rate of water canning disease, Treatments 3 and 4 are the two groups with the lowest prevalence rates. Among them, Treatment 4 with higher contents of each component is the group with the lowest prevalence rate, and the prevalence rate is close to 0. The incidence rates of water canning disease of all the comparative groups are lower than those of Treatments 1 and 2, but higher than those of Treatment 3. It shows that the formula of the present invention can effectively prevent grape water canning disease. In terms of yield, Treatments 3 and 4 are the two groups with the highest yields. Among them, Treatment 4 with higher contents of each component is the group with the highest yield, indicating that there is a certain effect on increasing production after preventing water canning disease.

[0124] In summary, the present invention rapidly activates soil microorganisms, increases soil organic matter, breaks soil compaction, increases soil porosity, regulates the nitrogen element balance in plants, enhances the resistance of grapes, prevents the invasion of diseases on grapes, effectively prevents water canning disease in grapes, and achieves the effect of disease prevention and yield increase, and the effect is significantly better than the prior art.

[0125] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid soil conditioner for preventing grape water canker disease, characterized in that, It is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 40 - 60% of kitchen waste fermentation broth, 20 - 50% of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1 - 10% of phenylalanine, 1 - 10% of calcium iminodisuccinate, 2 - 5% of magnesium iminodisuccinate, 1 - 5% of ferric lignosulfonate, 0.1 - 5% of zinc lignosulfonate, 1 - 5% of betaine, 0.1 - 5% of Bacillus velezensis, 0.1 - 5% of Aspergillus sydowii, 0.01 - 0.5% of stabilizer, and the balance of water.

2. The liquid soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kitchen waste fermentation broth is prepared according to the following method: Screen the kitchen waste to obtain solid waste and primary filtrate; Pulp the primary filtrate and then perform hydrothermal treatment, followed by solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation in sequence to obtain a residue phase, oil, and secondary filtrate; Perform anaerobic fermentation on the secondary filtrate to obtain biogas, biogas residue, and fermentation broth, and separate to obtain the kitchen waste fermentation broth.

3. The liquid soil conditioner according to claim 2, wherein The method of the hydrothermal treatment includes the following steps: heat at 130 - 140 °C, control the water temperature at 70 - 80 °C, and continue for 5 - 18 h; The anaerobic fermentation is that the secondary filtrate is cooled to 30 - 40 °C and then sent to a CSTR anaerobic reactor for anaerobic fermentation.

4. The liquid soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer is selected from polyethylene glycol 6000, maleic acid, or gelatin.

5. The liquid soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viable count of the Bacillus velezensis is 10×10 8 ~35×10 8 cfu / g; the viable count of the Aspergillus sydowii is 10×10 8 ~25×10 8 cfu / g.

6. A method for preparing a liquid soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: A) Mix the kitchen waste fermentation broth, fructooligosaccharide, phenylalanine, calcium iminodisuccinate, magnesium iminodisuccinate, ferric lignosulfonate, zinc lignosulfonate, betaine, and stabilizer to obtain a mixed solution; B) Adjust the pH of the mixed solution and then mix it with Bacillus velezensis and Aspergillus sydowii to obtain a liquid soil conditioner.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Adjust the pH to 3.0 - 5.

0.

8. Application of a liquid soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 - 5 in preventing grape water canker disease.

9. A method for using the liquid soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: At any time from the hard kernel stage to the fruit expansion stage of the grape, drip-apply the liquid soil conditioner, and the application amount is 10 - 20 kg / mu.

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