A control slope ratio device attached to a shovel and a method for using the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of slope ratio control device, especially to a control slope ratio device attached to excavator and its using method. The device comprises a cab, the inner side of the cab is fixed with a display screen, a power supply and a fixed support, the display screen is located on the top of the power supply, the fixed support is located on one end of the power supply, and the top of the fixed support is rotationally connected with a dial. The present application provides a control slope ratio device attached to excavator and its using method, a fixed support is fixed on the cab, a dial is rotationally connected and arranged on the top of the fixed support through a connecting shaft, which can facilitate the adjustment of the dial, then a first level is fixed on one end of the dial, a rotatable laser range finder is arranged on the top of the dial, which can manually adjust the angle of the laser range finder, a pointer is fixed on one end of the laser range finder, which can make the pointing direction of the pointer always consistent with the direction of the laser beam of the laser range finder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope ratio control devices, in particular to a control slope ratio device attached to an excavator and a method for using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of foundation pit (trench) earthwork construction, the earthwork excavation slope ratio is generally controlled by surveyors. The most common method is to measure the "opening line" and "bottom line" of the foundation pit according to the construction plan, and then use a self-made "slope ruler" to control the slope ratio. However, in actual operation, when the foundation pit is excavated deep and the soil is soft, the surveyor cannot stand on the steep slope to operate the "slope ruler", which causes difficulties in controlling the precision of the foundation pit slope.

[0003] The traditional earthwork excavation slope technology has the following shortcomings in actual construction:

[0004] 1. The surveyor controls the slope ratio by on-site measurement. When the depth of the constructed foundation pit is deep, the safety risk to the surveyor is high. The measurement work is difficult to perform due to the soft soil, small space, and lack of safety walkway on the construction site.

[0005] 2. The surveyor needs to track the measurement at any time, control the slope ratio by layer and section, which is labor-intensive and prone to measurement errors.

[0006] 3. The excavator driver and the surveyor do not cooperate well, resulting in errors in the slope ratio.

[0007] 4. In bad weather, the surveyor cannot work, which makes it difficult to perform earthwork.

[0008] The slope ratio control instrument disclosed in Chinese utility model patent (CN202120368772.6) includes a fixed frame installed on the ground near the designed position of the slope protection and adjustable in height, a slope scale installed on the top of the fixed frame and adjustable in position, and a laser emission assembly rotatably installed on the slope scale. The laser emission assembly can emit laser. According to the designed slope ratio, the slope scale is adjusted by moving, and the laser emission assembly is adjusted by rotating towards the direction of the foundation pit, so that the laser emitted by the laser emission assembly is consistent with the designed position of the slope protection, thereby controlling the slope ratio of the slope protection formed by excavation, solving the technical problem that the device fixed support needs to be fixed above the excavation slope, which has certain requirements for soil and working surface, and has poor applicability; and ensuring that the instrument does not be disturbed during excavation.

[0009] As a Chinese utility model patent (CN202020303927).3) discloses a device for slope ratio control, which comprises a protractor, a line hammer, a channel steel, a plurality of supporting legs, a laser emitting unit and a slope ratio feedback unit. The supporting legs are vertically fixed below the channel steel. The protractor is fixed on the channel steel, and the 90° scale line of the protractor is perpendicular to the channel steel. One end of the line hammer is fixed at the center point of the protractor. The laser emitting unit is fixed at the end of the channel steel, and the light of the laser emitting unit is parallel to the channel steel. The slope ratio feedback unit comprises a display, a monitoring camera and a power supply. The display and the monitoring camera are electrically connected to the power supply. The display is electrically connected to the monitoring camera. The monitoring camera is aligned with the protractor. The device is erected on the excavated slope surface, which is difficult to install. The device is prone to disturbance during the excavation process, which may cause errors.

[0010] As a Chinese invention patent (CN201910686924.4) discloses a slope ratio automatic measuring device, which comprises a fixedly connected pulley and a pulley shaft. The pulley shaft is rotatably connected to the end of a supporting rod. An electronic sensor is arranged at one end of the pulley shaft. The electronic sensor is electrically connected to a control system. The control system comprises a microprocessor and a display instrument. The supporting rod and the control system are arranged on a box body. A winch is also arranged on the box body. A rotating shaft of the winch is provided with a pull rope. An outer end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to a plummet after passing through the pulley. A measurement reference point is prearranged on the box body or the supporting rod. An initial measurement position of the tip of the plummet is pre-designed. The microprocessor is based on the above-mentioned setting and pre-processing program. The calculation formula of the pre-processing program is: L = R * m + h, wherein L is the horizontal distance between the vertical axis of the plummet and the measurement reference point, with a unit of m. L is a known value. h is the vertical distance between the initial measurement position of the tip of the plummet and the bottom surface of the box body, with a unit of m. h is a known value. R is the radius of the pulley, with a unit of m. R is a known value. π is the circular constant, which is a known value. m is the number of pulley rotations, which is measured by the electronic sensor. The device is erected above the excavated slope. The side edge of the box body is provided with a foot pedal. The foot pedal needs to be stepped on during work to keep the device stable. The device is prone to disturbance during the excavation process, which may cause errors. SUMMARY

[0011] Based on the above, the present application provides a control slope ratio device attached to an excavator and a use method thereof. A support is fixed on the cab. A scale disc is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed support through a connecting shaft. The scale disc can be easily adjusted. A first leveler is fixed at one end of the scale disc. A rotatable laser range finder is arranged on the top of the scale disc. The angle of the laser range finder can be manually adjusted. A pointer is fixed at one end of the laser range finder. The pointing direction of the pointer is always consistent with the direction of the laser beam of the laser range finder. A second leveler is fixed on one side of the laser range finder. The height difference between the two points on the ground is measured through the horizontal line of sight established by the first leveler and the second leveler.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a control slope ratio device attached to the excavator, comprising a display screen (2), a power supply (4) and a fixed support (6), the display screen (2) is located on the top of the power supply (4), and the fixed support (6) is located at one end of the power supply (4).

[0013] The bottom end of the fixed support (6) is slidably connected with a rotating shell (14), both ends of the fixed support (6) are fixedly connected with sliding blocks (19), the fixed support (6) is slidably connected with the rotating shell (14) through the sliding blocks (19), an adjusting mechanism for driving the fixed support (6) to lift is installed in the rotating shell (14), the adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded rod (18), a lifting plate (20), a lifting rotating rod (21), a worm (22), a worm wheel (23) and a rotating column (24), the bottom of the threaded rod (18) is fixed with the rotating shell (14), the outer side of the threaded rod (18) is threadedly connected with the rotating column (24), the outer side of the rotating column (24) is rotatably connected with the lifting plate (20), and the lifting plate (20) is fixed with the fixed support (6).

[0014] The top of the fixed support (6) is rotatably connected with a scale disc (7), one end of the scale disc (7) is fixedly connected with a first leveler (8), the top of the scale disc (7) is rotatably connected with a laser range finder (10), one side of the laser range finder (10) is fixedly connected with a second leveler (11), and one end of the laser range finder (10) is fixedly connected with a pointer (12).

[0015] Further, the inside of the fixed support (6) is rotatably connected with the lifting rotating rod (21), the lifting rotating rod (21) is slidably connected with the rotating shell (14), one end of the lifting rotating rod (21) and located inside the fixed support (6) is fixedly connected with the worm (22), one side of the worm (22) is meshingly connected with the worm wheel (23), and the worm wheel (23) is fixed on the outer side of the rotating column (24).

[0016] Further, the top of the fixed support (6) is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft (9), and the connecting shaft (9) is fixed with the scale disc (7).

[0017] Further, both ends of the bottom of the rotating shell (14) are fixedly connected with positioning plates (15), the inside of one end of the positioning plate (15) away from the rotating shell (14) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (16), and the outer side of one end of the rotating shaft (16) away from the positioning plate (15) is rotatably connected with a limiting plate (17).

[0018] Further, the bottom of the limiting plate (17) is fixed with a fixing shell (13), both ends of the top of the fixing shell (13) are slidably connected with angle support plates (25), the top of the angle support plate (25) is internally provided with a positioning groove (27), the positioning groove (27) is slidably connected with the positioning plate (15), the inside of both sides of the angle support plate (25) is provided with a circular through hole, and the inside of the fixing shell (13) and between the two angle support plates (25) is fixed with a return spring (26).

[0019] Further, the display screen (2) is connected with the power supply (4) through the first lead wire (3).

[0020] Further, the dial (7) is connected with the power supply (4) through the second lead wire (5).

[0021] According to the second aspect of the present application, a use method of the control slope ratio device attached to the excavator is provided, including the following steps:

[0022] S100: the lime line is scattered on the ground to determine the excavation line, and the position of the laser range finder (10) is the No. 1 point;

[0023] S200: the laser range finder (10) is adjusted to be horizontal, and is deflected downward by ∠1, so that the laser range finder (10) can shoot the No. 2 point on the excavation line, and the ∠1 is recorded and input into the display screen (2);

[0024] S300: the first data L1 is measured, and the L1 data is automatically imported into the inside of the display screen (2);

[0025] S400: the laser range finder (10) is deflected by a certain angle ∠2 again, so that the laser range finder (10) can shoot the No. 3 point on the actual excavation surface, the ∠2 data is recorded and input into the display screen (2);

[0026] S500: the second distance measuring value L2 is measured, and the L2 data is automatically imported into the inside of the display screen (2).

[0027] Further, it includes:

[0028] S201: when the earth excavation depth exceeds the height of the excavator, the laser range finder (10) is adjusted to be horizontal, the default ∠1 = 0 is input into the inside of the display screen (2), L1 is measured, and the L1 data is automatically imported into the inside of the display screen (2);

[0029] S202: the laser range finder (10) is deflected by a certain angle ∠2 again, the ∠2 data is recorded and input into the inside of the display screen (2);

[0030] S203: Measure the second ranging value L2, and automatically import the L2 data into the display screen (2);

[0031] S204: According to the indication, excavate to a certain extent, measure the data to zero, repeat the above operation, and achieve the purpose of precise control of the slope ratio.

[0032] Further, it is characterized in that,

[0033] S401: Rotate the lifting rotating rod (21) to drive the fixed support (6) to lift on the inside of the rotating shell (14);

[0034] S402: Install the connecting bolt to drive the angle support plate (25) to move and fix the rotating shell (14) after adjusting the angle.

[0035] Meanwhile, through the above technical scheme, the present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The control slope ratio device attached to the excavator and the use method thereof provided by the present application can be used for fixing the support on the cab, then rotating and connecting the scale disc on the top of the fixed support through the connecting shaft, can be convenient for adjusting the scale disc, then fixing the first leveler on one end of the scale disc, setting the rotatable laser range finder on the top of the scale disc, can manually adjust the angle of the laser range finder, fixing the pointer on one end of the laser range finder, can make the direction of the pointer always consistent with the direction of the laser beam of the laser range finder, and fixing the second leveler on one side of the laser range finder, establishing the height difference between the two points on the ground through the horizontal line of sight measurement of the first leveler and the second leveler;

[0037] Through the cooperation of the threaded rod, the sliding block, the lifting plate and the rotating column, the lifting plate can be lifted through the rotation of the rotating column, and the fixed support can be lifted through the lifting of the lifting plate to adjust the height of the fixed support as needed;

[0038] Through the cooperation of the positioning plate, the angle support plate, the reset spring and the positioning groove, the positioning groove can enter the outside of the positioning plate by adjusting the distance between the two angle support plates, and the rotation angle of the rotating shell is limited through the limiting of the positioning plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of slope display before use of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of slope display after use of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of structure of the first leveler of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 The sectional view of the present application; Figure 4

[0045] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of slope ratio control of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 The display diagram of slope ratio control of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of structure of the fixed shell of the present application;

[0048] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of internal structure of the rotating shell of the present application;

[0049] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of structure of the lifting plate of the present application;

[0050] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of internal structure of the fixed shell of the present application.

[0051] In the figure: 1, cab; 2, display screen; 3, first wire; 4, power supply; 5, second wire; 6, fixed support; 7, dial; 8, first leveler; 9, connecting shaft; 10, laser range finder; 11, second leveler; 12, pointer; 13, fixed shell; 14, rotating shell; 15, positioning plate; 16, rotating shaft; 17, limiting plate; 18, threaded rod; 19, sliding block; 20, lifting plate; 21, lifting rotating rod; 22, worm; 23, worm wheel; 24, rotating column; 25, angle support plate; 26, return spring; 27, positioning groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0053] The present application provides a control slope ratio device attached to an excavator and a use method thereof.

[0054] Specifically, referring to Figures 1-5 , the control slope ratio device specifically comprises:​

[0055] A fixed support 6 is fixed outside the cab 1, and a scale dial 7 is arranged on the top of the fixed support 6. A connecting shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed support 6, and the connecting shaft 9 is fixed with the scale dial 7, so that the scale dial 7 can rotate on the top of the fixed support 6. A first level 8 is fixed to one end of the scale dial 7, and a laser range finder 10 is rotatably connected to the top of the scale dial 7. A second level 11 is fixed to one side of the laser range finder 10.

[0056] A display screen 2 is located inside the cab 1.

[0057] A power supply 4 is located inside the cab 1. The display screen 2 and the power supply 4 are connected through a first wire 3. The scale dial 7 and the power supply 4 are connected through a second wire 5.

[0058] A pointer 12 is located at one end of the laser range finder 10.

[0059] The control slope ratio device attached to the excavator and the use method thereof provided by the present application can be used to fix the fixed support 6 on the cab 1, and then the scale dial 7 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed support 6 through the connecting shaft 9, so that the scale dial 7 can be conveniently adjusted. Then the first level 8 is fixed to one end of the scale dial 7, and the rotatable laser range finder 10 is arranged on the top of the scale dial 7, so that the angle of the laser range finder 10 can be manually adjusted. The pointer 12 is fixed to one end of the laser range finder 10, so that the direction of the pointer 12 is always consistent with the direction of the laser beam of the laser range finder 10. The second level 11 is fixed to one side of the laser range finder 10, so that the height difference between two points on the ground can be measured through the first level 8 and the second level 11.

[0060] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0061] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0062] Embodiment one

[0063] Reference Figures 1-5 A control slope ratio device attached to the excavator includes a display screen 2, a power supply 4 and a fixed support 6. The display screen 2 is located on the top of the power supply 4, and the display screen 2 is located inside the cab 1. The display screen 2 is installed at a position that does not affect the line of sight range of the driver. The display screen 2 and the power supply 4 are connected through a first wire 3, so that power and signals can be transmitted through the first wire 3.

[0064] The necessary information can be input via the touchscreen of display screen 2. Display screen 2 has a built-in mathematical calculation unit. Its principle is that by inputting the slope ratio X:Y, the theoretical triangle diagram of the slope ratio required for the earthwork operation plan can be displayed on display screen 2. Then, through the first round of distance measurement, that is, after deflecting downward from the horizontal direction by ∠1, the laser rangefinder 10 measures the distance L1 for the first time, and after deflecting downward by ∠2 again, the laser rangefinder 10 measures the distance L2 for the second time to obtain the actual triangle diagram. The actual triangle diagram is compared with the theoretical triangle diagram to determine how many millimeters of horizontal excavation L3 is still needed, and the comparison result is broadcast by voice.

[0065] The fixed bracket 6 is located at one end of the power supply 4 and is fixed to the outside of the cab 1. The top of the fixed bracket 6 is rotatably connected to the dial 7. The dial 7 is connected to the power supply 4 through the second wire 5, so that power and signal can be transmitted through the second wire 5. The top of the fixed bracket 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 9, which is fixed to the dial 7, so that the dial 7 can rotate on the top of the fixed bracket 6. One end of the dial 7 is fixed to the first level 8, which can be used to adjust the dial 7 to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane at any time. The top of the dial 7 is rotatably connected to the laser rangefinder 10. One side of the laser rangefinder 10 is fixed to the second level 11, which can be used to ensure that the laser rangefinder 10 can measure the horizontal distance at any time. One end of the laser rangefinder 10 is fixed to the pointer 12.

[0066] The slope control device provided in this embodiment has a fixed bracket 6 fixed on the outside of the cab 1, and a scale 7 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed bracket 6 via a connecting shaft 9, which facilitates the adjustment of the scale 7. A first level 8 is fixed to one end of the scale 7, and a rotatable laser rangefinder 10 is set on the top of the scale 7, which allows manual adjustment of the angle of the laser rangefinder 10. A pointer 12 is fixed to one end of the laser rangefinder 10, which ensures that the pointer 12 always points in the same direction as the laser beam of the laser rangefinder 10. A second level 11 is fixed to one side of the laser rangefinder 10. The first level 8 and the second level 11 ensure that the distance measurement L1 is in the horizontal direction and that the plane formed by L1 and L2 is perpendicular to the slope.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A method for using a slope control device attached to an excavator, as described in Embodiment 1 above, comprises the following steps:

[0069] Lime lines were scattered on the ground to mark the excavation boundary, and the position of the laser rangefinder 10 was marked as point ①.

[0070] Adjust the laser range finder 10 to be horizontal, deflect downward by ∠1, so that the laser range finder 10 ray can reach the point ② on the excavation line, record ∠1 and input it into the display screen 2;

[0071] Adjust the angle measurement by rotating the laser range finder 10 to measure the distance of the excavator from the slope at different positions;

[0072] Measure the first data L1 (i.e. the distance from point ① to point ②), and automatically import the L1 data into the display screen 2;

[0073] Again, deflect the laser range finder 10 by an angle ∠2, so that the laser range finder 10 ray can reach the point ③ on the actual excavation surface, record the ∠2 data and input it into the display screen 2;

[0074] Measure the second distance value L2 (i.e. the distance from point ① to point ③), and automatically import the L2 data into the display screen 2;

[0075] When the earth excavation depth exceeds the height of the excavator, adjust the laser range finder 10 to be horizontal, default ∠1 = 0, input it into the display screen 2, measure L1, and automatically import the L1 data into the display screen 2;

[0076] Again, deflect the laser range finder 10 by an angle ∠2, record the ∠2 data and input it into the display screen 2;

[0077] Measure the second distance value L2, and automatically import the L2 data into the display screen 2;

[0078] According to the instructions, excavate to a certain extent, measure the data to zero, repeat the above operations, and achieve the purpose of precise control of the slope ratio;

[0079] The excavator driver can be trained to use the device before using the device; the theoretical slope ratio is input in advance on the display screen 2, and a side slope triangular figure is formed on the display screen 2, and the display screen 2 is provided with a calculation program, and the triangular figure of the side slope to be excavated can be determined and displayed through the actually measured two-angle-one-side and two-side-one-angle data (i.e. L1, L2, ∠1, ∠2). The slope ratio is input in advance, the first distance is measured by changing the angle ∠1 of the laser range finder 10 to align the excavation side line (when the earthwork excavation depth exceeds the height of the excavator, the angle is adjusted to the horizontal position), the second distance is obtained by changing the angle ∠2 of the laser range finder 10 to align the part to be continuously excavated, and the angles ∠1 and ∠2 are input on the display screen 2. The triangular figure of the excavated part and the triangular figure of the part to be excavated are obtained, and the depth of the part to be continuously excavated is obtained by comparing the two triangular figures. The principle is as follows: the angle ∠3 is obtained by inputting the slope ratio in advance, the angle ∠4 is obtained by inputting the first deflection angle ∠1 (∠4 = ∠3 + ∠1), the distance of the range finding device along the L2 direction to the theoretical slope surface (i.e. the distance from the No. 1 point to the No. 4 point) is obtained by calculation, and the depth L3 of the part to be continuously excavated (i.e. the distance from the No. 3 point to the No. 4 point) is obtained because the distance from the range finding device to the actually excavated surface L2 has been measured.

[0080] Example Three

[0081] With reference to Figures 8-11 A method for using the slope ratio control device attached to the excavator is disclosed based on the above-mentioned example one, the outer side of the bottom end of the fixed support 6 is slidably connected with a rotating shell 14, so that the fixed support 6 can be adjusted in the interior of the rotating shell 14, the two ends of the bottom of the fixed support 6 are both fixed with sliding blocks 19, the fixed support 6 is slidably connected with the rotating shell 14 through the sliding blocks 19, so that the fixed support 6 can only be lifted and lowered but cannot be rotated in the interior of the rotating shell 14, and an adjusting mechanism for driving the fixed support 6 to lift and lower is installed in the interior of the rotating shell 14;

[0082] The adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded rod 18, a lifting plate 20, a lifting rotating rod 21, a worm 22, a worm wheel 23 and a rotating column 24, the bottom of the threaded rod 18 is fixed with the rotating shell 14, so that the threaded rod 18 cannot be rotated in the interior of the rotating shell 14, the rotating column 24 is threadedly connected with the outer side of the threaded rod 18, so that the rotating column 24 can be lifted and lowered on the outer side of the threaded rod 18 when the rotating column 24 is rotated, the lifting plate 20 is rotatably connected with the outer side of the rotating column 24, and the lifting plate 20 is fixed with the fixed support 6, so that the lifting and lowering of the lifting plate 20 is driven by the lifting and lowering of the rotating column 24, the lifting rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected in the interior of the fixed support 6, and the lifting rotating rod 21 is slidably connected with the rotating shell 14, one end of the lifting rotating rod 21 and located in the interior of the fixed support 6 is fixed with the worm 22, so that the lifting and lowering of the lifting plate 20 can be adjusted by manually rotating the lifting rotating rod 21, one side of the worm 22 is meshingly connected with the worm wheel 23, and the worm wheel 23 is fixed on the outer side of the rotating column 24, so that the rotating column 24 can be rotated by the rotation of the worm wheel 23.

[0083] The two ends of the bottom of the rotating shell 14 are fixed with positioning plates 15, the inside of the end of the positioning plate 15 away from the rotating shell 14 is fixed with a rotating shaft 16, the outside of the end of the rotating shaft 16 away from the positioning plate 15 is rotatably connected with a limiting plate 17, and the bottom of the limiting plate 17 is fixed with the fixed shell 13, so that the height of the rotating shell 14 can be supported by the support of the limiting plate 17 to the rotating shaft 16, the two ends of the top of the fixed shell 13 are slidably connected with angle support plates 25, the inside of the top end of the angle support plate 25 is provided with a positioning groove 27, and the positioning groove 27 is located outside the rotating shaft 16, the positioning groove 27 is slidably connected with the positioning plate 15, so that the angle support plate 25 can enter the outside of the positioning plate 15 to fix the positioning plate 15 after moving in the inside of the fixed shell 13 to adjust and fix the angle of the rotating shell 14, and the inside of the two sides of the angle support plate 25 is provided with a circular through hole for allowing the connecting bolt to pass through the two circular through holes on the same side to make the two angle support plates 25 close to each other, and the inside of the fixed shell 13 and between the two angle support plates 25 is fixed with a return spring 26;

[0084] The control slope ratio device provided by the embodiment can fix the fixed shell 13 outside the cab 1 to avoid refraction of the window glass, when the angle needs to be adjusted, the angle of the rotating shell 14 on the top of the fixed shell 13 is adjusted through the rotating connection of the rotating shaft 16 and the limiting plate 17, then the two angle support plates 25 are made close to each other through the connecting bolt, so that the movement of the two angle support plates 25 presses the return spring 26, at the same time, the positioning groove 27 is located outside the slidably connected positioning plate 15 to position the rotation of the positioning plate 15, and then the fixed angle of the rotating shell 14 after adjustment is fixed through the fixing of the connecting plug;

[0085] When the height of the fixed support 6 needs to be adjusted, the operator manually rotates the lifting rotating rod 21 to drive the worm 22 to rotate, the rotation of the worm 22 drives the worm wheel 23 connected in meshing to drive the rotating column 24 to rotate, the rotation of the rotating column 24 drives the lifting plate 20 to rise through the fixing of the threaded rod 18 and the rotating shell 14, the rising of the lifting plate 20 drives the fixed support 6 to rise, and at the same time, the fixed support 6 can rise and fall in the inside of the rotating shell 14 to make the lifting rotating rod 21 rise and fall in the inside of the rotating shell 14.

[0086] Embodiment four

[0087] A use method of the control slope ratio device attached to the excavator, used in the above-mentioned embodiment three, the steps are as follows:

[0088] Rotating the lifting rotating rod 21 to drive the fixed support 6 to rise and fall in the inside of the rotating shell 14;

[0089] Install the connecting bolt, drive the angle support plate 25 to move to fix the rotating shell 14 after adjusting the angle.

[0090] The control slope ratio device attached to the excavator and the use method thereof provided by the application have the following use process:

[0091] The fixed support 6 is fixed on the cab 1, then the dial 7 is rotatably connected on the top of the fixed support 6 through the connecting shaft 9, so that the dial 7 can be adjusted conveniently, then the first level 8 is fixed on one end of the dial 7, the rotatable laser range finder 10 is arranged on the top of the dial 7, the angle of the laser range finder 10 can be adjusted manually, the pointer 12 is fixed on one end of the laser range finder 10, the direction of the pointer 12 is always consistent with the direction of the laser beam of the laser range finder 10, and the second level 11 is fixed on one side of the laser range finder 10, so that the height difference between two points on the ground is measured through the horizontal line of sight formed by the first level 8 and the second level 11;

[0092] Before the device is used, the driver of the excavator can be trained to use the device, the theoretical slope ratio is inputted on the display screen 2 in advance, the side slope triangle figure is formed on the display screen 2, and the built-in calculation program of the display screen 2 can determine the triangle of the side slope to be excavated and display the triangle through the two angles and one side or two sides and one angle (namely L1, L2, ∠1, ∠2) measured actually. The slope ratio is inputted in advance, the angle ∠1 of the laser range finder 10 is changed to align the excavation side line (when the depth of earthwork excavation exceeds the height of the excavator, the angle is adjusted to the horizontal position), the first distance is measured, the angle ∠2 of the laser range finder 10 is changed to align the part to be excavated, the second distance is obtained, and ∠1 and ∠2 are inputted on the display screen 2. The triangle of the excavated part and the triangle of the part to be excavated are obtained, and the depth to be excavated is obtained by comparing the two triangles. The principle is as follows: the angle ∠3 is obtained through the inputted slope ratio, the angle ∠4 is obtained through the inputted first deflection angle ∠1 (∠4=∠3+∠1), the distance from the distance measuring device to the theoretical slope surface along the direction of L2 (namely the distance from the point 1 to the point 4) is obtained through calculation, and the depth L3 to be excavated (namely the distance from the point 3 to the point 4) is obtained because the distance from the distance measuring device to the actual excavation surface L2 has been measured;

[0093] The fixed shell 13 is fixed with the cab 1, when the angle needs to be adjusted, the angle of the rotating shell 14 on the top of the fixed shell 13 is adjusted through the rotating connection of the rotating shaft 16 and the limiting plate 17, then the two angle support plates 25 are close to each other through the connecting bolt, the movement of the two angle support plates 25 extrudes the reset spring 26, the positioning groove 27 is located outside the slidingly connected positioning plate 15, the rotation of the positioning plate 15 is positioned through the positioning groove 27, and then the angle of the rotating shell 14 after adjustment is fixed through the fixation of the connecting bolt;

[0094] When the height of the fixing support 6 needs to be adjusted, the operator manually rotates the lifting rotating rod 21 to drive the worm 22 to rotate, the rotation of the worm 22 drives the rotating column 24 to rotate through the meshing connection of the worm wheel 23, the rotation of the rotating column 24 drives the lifting of the lifting plate 20 through the fixing of the screw rod 18 and the rotating shell 14, and the rising of the rotating column 24 drives the lifting of the fixing support 6 through the rising of the lifting plate 20.

[0095] The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are only used to help explain the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the specification. The specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and use the application. The application is limited by the claims and their entire scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A slope control device attached to an excavator, characterized in that, It includes a display screen (2), a power supply (4) and a fixing bracket (6), wherein the display screen (2) is located on top of the power supply (4) and the fixing bracket (6) is located at one end of the power supply (4); The fixed bracket (6) is slidably connected to the outer side of the bottom end of the rotating shell (14). Both ends of the fixed bracket (6) are fixed with sliding blocks (19). The fixed bracket (6) and the rotating shell (14) are slidably connected through the sliding blocks (19). The rotating shell (14) is equipped with an adjustment mechanism for driving the fixed bracket (6) to rise and fall. The adjustment mechanism includes a threaded rod (18), a lifting plate (20), a lifting rotating rod (21), a worm (22), a worm wheel (23), and a rotating column (24). The bottom of the threaded rod (18) is fixed to the rotating shell (14). The outer side of the threaded rod (18) is threadedly connected to the rotating column (24). The outer side of the rotating column (24) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (20), and the lifting plate (20) is fixed to the fixed bracket (6). A scale (7) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed bracket (6). A first level (8) is fixed to one end of the scale (7). A laser rangefinder (10) is rotatably connected to the top of the scale (7). A second level (11) is fixed to one side of the laser rangefinder (10). A pointer (12) is fixed to one end of the laser rangefinder (10).

2. The slope control device attached to an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed bracket (6) is rotatably connected to a lifting rotating rod (21), and the lifting rotating rod (21) is slidably connected to the rotating shell (14). One end of the lifting rotating rod (21) and located inside the fixed bracket (6) is fixed with a worm gear (22). One side of the worm gear (22) is meshed with a worm wheel (23), and the worm wheel (23) is fixed on the outside of the rotating column (24).

3. The slope control device attached to an excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the fixed bracket (6) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (9), which is fixed to the dial (7).

4. A slope control device attached to an excavator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Positioning plates (15) are fixed at both ends of the bottom of the rotating shell (14). A rotating shaft (16) is fixed inside the end of the positioning plate (15) away from the rotating shell (14). A limiting plate (17) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the end of the rotating shaft (16) away from the positioning plate (15).

5. A slope control device attached to an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the limiting plate (17) is fixed with a fixed shell (13). Angle support plates (25) are slidably connected to both ends of the top of the fixed shell (13). A positioning groove (27) is opened inside the top of the angle support plate (25). The positioning groove (27) is slidably connected to the positioning plate (15). Circular through holes are opened inside both sides of the angle support plate (25). A return spring (26) is fixed inside the fixed shell (13) and located between the two angle support plates (25).

6. A slope control device attached to an excavator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The display screen (2) is connected to the power supply (4) via a first wire (3).

7. A slope control device attached to an excavator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The dial (7) is connected to the power supply (4) via a second wire (5).

8. A method of using a slope control device attached to an excavator as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Lime lines are marked on the ground to determine the excavation boundary line, and the laser rangefinder (10) is located at point ①; S200: Adjust the laser rangefinder (10) to the horizontal position and deflect ∠1 downwards so that the laser rangefinder (10) can hit point ② on the excavation line. Record ∠1 and input it into the display screen (2). S300: Measure the first data L1, and the L1 data is automatically imported into the display screen (2); S400: Deflect the laser rangefinder (10) by a certain angle ∠2 again so that the laser rangefinder (10) ray can hit point ③ on the actual excavation surface, record the ∠2 data and input the ∠2 data into the display screen (2); S500: The second distance measurement value L2 is measured, and the L2 data is automatically imported into the display screen (2).

9. A method of using the slope control device attached to an excavator as described in claim 8, characterized in that, include: S201: When the earthwork excavation depth exceeds the height of the excavator, adjust the laser rangefinder (10) to the horizontal position, and input the default ∠1=0 into the display screen (2) to measure L1. The L1 data is automatically imported into the display screen (2). S202: The laser rangefinder (10) deflects by a certain angle ∠2 again, records the ∠2 data and inputs it into the display screen (2); S203: The second distance measurement value L2 is measured, and the L2 data is automatically imported into the display screen (2); S204: Excavate according to the instructions. After excavating to a certain extent, reset the measurement data to zero. Repeat the above operation to achieve precise control of the slope ratio.

10. A method of using the slope control device attached to an excavator as described in claim 8, characterized in that, S401: Rotating the lifting rod (21) drives the fixed bracket (6) to move up and down inside the rotating shell (14); S402: Install the connecting bolts to move the angle support plate (25) and fix the rotating shell (14) after the angle is adjusted.

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