Switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, system and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, a system and a control method thereof. The wall comprises a base wall, an outer wall plaster layer, an inner wall plaster layer, a phase change layer, a heat pipe A section, a heat pipe B section, a heat pipe C section, a heat pipe D section, a heat pipe E section (9), a control valve A, a control valve B, a control valve C and a control valve D. The system comprises the one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, a time monitoring module, an outdoor irradiance monitoring module, an outdoor temperature monitoring module, an indoor temperature monitoring module and a control module. The method comprises the following steps: according to the current date, the building external irradiance, the building external temperature and the building internal temperature, the working states of the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, the heat pipe D section and the heat pipe E section are controlled, and the building internal temperature is adjusted. The application can realize heat dissipation in summer and heat collection in winter, efficiently utilizes solar energy and night cold energy, and is particularly suitable for hot summer and cold winter areas, and can significantly reduce energy consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building, in particular to a switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, system and control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wall is a major factor affecting building load, and thermal insulation materials are usually used to reduce building load, but there are problems such as flammability, aging, high construction cost, etc. Over-thick thermal insulation materials are not conducive to heat dissipation of buildings in transition seasons and summer nights, and instead increase building energy consumption. Therefore, in building design, engineers need to balance the influence of wall heat transfer performance on building cooling and heating energy consumption. The deficiency of traditional wall technology is that its heat transfer performance depends on the thermal conductivity and thickness of the material itself, which cannot be flexibly adjusted and cannot meet the dynamic response requirements of outdoor environment and indoor personnel changes.

[0003] In order to solve these problems, some people use dynamic walls with adjustable heat transfer performance to improve building energy efficiency. These wall systems can achieve heat transfer performance adjustment through mechanical adjustment or shape memory alloy technology, but these systems have problems such as complex system, high cost, difficult maintenance, low reliability, etc., which limit their application in the field of building.

[0004] The energy demand of buildings is significantly affected by seasonal changes, and solar energy and night cold energy resources are abundant and easy to obtain. Therefore, how to utilize solar energy and night cold energy to meet the energy demand in different seasons is an important problem in the field of building. Solar energy can provide heat for buildings, reducing heating load, which is very beneficial for winter, but may cause overheating in summer. Night cold energy can dissipate heat for buildings, reducing air conditioning load, which is suitable for summer, but may cause overcooling in winter. This contradiction is particularly pronounced in hot summer and cold winter regions, which requires the utilization of solar energy and night cold energy to be seasonally switchable. Specifically, solar energy is utilized in winter, while solar energy should be avoided from entering the indoor in summer; night cold energy is utilized in summer, while night cold energy should be avoided from entering the indoor in winter.

[0005] In existing passive utilization technology of solar energy and night cold energy in buildings, the application of the two is generally separated, and seasonal switching cannot be achieved. The few simultaneous utilization technologies of solar energy and night cold energy in buildings have the following defects: 1) the system is complex, with mechanical components to realize function switching, which will generate additional energy consumption. 2) The system has many parts, and the control is complex and expensive. 3) The system has low integration level and is not beautiful enough. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to provide a switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall body, comprising a base wall body, an outer wall plaster layer, an inner wall plaster layer, a phase change layer, a heat pipe A section, a heat pipe B section, a heat pipe C section, a heat pipe D section, a heat pipe E section, a control valve A, a control valve B, a control valve C, and a control valve D.

[0007] The outer wall plaster layer and the inner wall plaster layer are respectively located on the two sides of the base wall body.

[0008] The phase change layer is located inside the base wall body and is used for storing heat.

[0009] The heat pipe A section and the heat pipe B section are both located on the outside of the outer wall plaster layer, and the heat pipe A section is located above the heat pipe B section.

[0010] The heat pipe C section and the heat pipe D section are both located on the outside of the inner wall plaster layer, and the heat pipe C section is located above the heat pipe D section.

[0011] The heat pipe E section is located in the phase change layer.

[0012] The pipeline of the heat pipe E section extends outwardly, thereby being in communication with the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, and the heat pipe D section.

[0013] The control valve A, the control valve B, the control valve C, and the control valve D are used for adjusting the working state of the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, the heat pipe D section, and the heat pipe E section.

[0014] Further, the cross section shape of the heat pipe E section is an I-shaped section.

[0015] Further, in the heat pipe E section, one end of the upper horizontal pipeline is in communication with the heat pipe A section, and the other end is in communication with the heat pipe C section. One end of the lower horizontal pipeline is in communication with the heat pipe B section, and the other end is in communication with the heat pipe D section.

[0016] The vertical pipeline of the heat pipe E section is located inside the phase change layer.

[0017] Further, the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, the heat pipe D section, and the heat pipe E section are filled with a phase change working medium.

[0018] Further, the working state of the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, the heat pipe D section, and the heat pipe E section includes an evaporation state and a condensation state.

[0019] Further, when the working state of the heat pipe is heat absorption, the heat pipe serves as an evaporation section and participates in the temperature adjustment of the building interior.

[0020] Further, when the working state of the heat pipe is heat release, the heat pipe serves as a condensation section and participates in the temperature adjustment of the building interior.

[0021] A control system applied to the switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, comprising a one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, a time monitoring module, an outdoor irradiance monitoring module, an outdoor temperature monitoring module, an indoor temperature monitoring module and a control module.

[0022] The time monitoring module monitors the current date in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0023] The outdoor irradiance monitoring module monitors the irradiance outside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0024] The outdoor temperature monitoring module monitors the temperature outside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0025] The indoor temperature monitoring module monitors the temperature inside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0026] The control module controls the on or off of the control valve A, the control valve B, the control valve C and the control valve D in the one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall according to the current date, the irradiance outside the building, the temperature outside the building and the temperature inside the building, so as to control the working state of the heat pipe A section, the heat pipe B section, the heat pipe C section, the heat pipe D section and the heat pipe E section, and adjust the temperature inside the building.

[0027] A method for using the control system, comprising the following steps:

[0028] 1) The time monitoring module is used to monitor the current date and transmit it to the control module.

[0029] The control module judges the current date, if the current date is in winter, steps 2)-5) are executed, if the current date is in summer, steps 6)-9) are executed.

[0030] 2) The outdoor irradiance monitoring module is used to monitor the irradiance outside the building in real time and transmit it to the control module.

[0031] The outdoor temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature outside the building in real time and transmit it to the control module.

[0032] The indoor temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature inside the building in real time and transmit it to the control module.

[0033] 3) The control module judges the irradiance outside the building, if the irradiance outside the building is greater than 0, step 4) is entered, otherwise, it jumps to step 5).

[0034] 4) The control module judges whether the temperature outside the building is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer.

[0035] If yes, open control valve B, close control valve A, control valve C, control valve D, make heat pipe B segment as evaporation segment, heat pipe E segment as condensation segment.

[0036] At this time, heat pipe B segment absorbs heat in solar energy, liquid phase change working medium inside heat pipe B segment absorbs heat and changes into gaseous state, gaseous phase change working medium enters heat pipe E segment from heat pipe B segment and releases heat in heat pipe E segment.

[0037] Heat is absorbed by phase change layer outside heat pipe E segment, phase change layer stores heat and releases heat to building interior through base wall and inner wall plaster, and then returns to step 2).

[0038] If no, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve C, control valve D, and return to step 2).

[0039] 5) The control module judges whether the building interior temperature is less than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer.

[0040] If yes, open control valve C, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve D, make heat pipe E segment as evaporation segment, heat pipe C segment as condensation segment.

[0041] At this time, heat pipe E segment absorbs heat stored by phase change layer, liquid phase change working medium inside heat pipe E segment absorbs heat and changes into gaseous state.

[0042] Gaseous phase change working medium enters heat pipe C segment from heat pipe E segment and releases heat in heat pipe C segment, heat is conducted to building interior in the form of convection and radiation, and then returns to step 2).

[0043] If no, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve C, control valve D, and return to step 2).

[0044] 6) The outdoor irradiance monitoring module is used to monitor the irradiance outside the building in real time and transmit to the control module.

[0045] The outdoor temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature outside the building in real time and transmit to the control module.

[0046] The indoor temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature inside the building in real time and transmit to the control module.

[0047] 7) The control module judges the irradiance outside the building, if the irradiance outside the building is greater than 0, it enters step 8), otherwise it jumps to step 9).

[0048] 8) The control module judges whether the building interior temperature is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer.

[0049] If yes, open control valve D, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve C, make heat pipe D section as evaporation section, heat pipe E section as condensation section.

[0050] At this time, heat pipe D section absorbs heat inside the building, liquid phase change working medium located inside heat pipe D section absorbs heat and changes into gas phase.

[0051] Gas phase change working medium enters heat pipe E section from heat pipe D section and releases heat in heat pipe E section. Heat pipe E section radiates heat to the surrounding, heat is absorbed and stored by phase change layer, reducing the temperature inside the building, and then returns to step 6).

[0052] If no, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve C, control valve D, return to step 6).

[0053] 9) The control module judges whether the temperature outside the building is less than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer.

[0054] If yes, open control valve A, close control valve B, control valve C, control valve D, make heat pipe E section as evaporation section, heat pipe A section as condensation section.

[0055] Heat pipe E section absorbs heat stored by phase change layer, liquid phase change working medium located inside heat pipe E section absorbs heat and changes into gas phase.

[0056] Gas phase change working medium enters heat pipe A section from heat pipe E section and releases heat in heat pipe A section. Heat pipe A section radiates heat to the outdoor environment in the form of convection and radiation, reducing the temperature inside the building, and then returns to step 6).

[0057] If no, close control valve A, control valve B, control valve C, control valve D, return to step 6).

[0058] The technical effect of the present application is self-evident. The present application uses phase change materials and heat pipe technology to provide a seasonally switchable energy-saving wall system. The system fully utilizes the heat storage characteristics of phase change materials and the high-efficiency heat transfer characteristics of heat pipes, can realize heat dissipation in summer and heat collection in winter, efficiently utilizes solar energy and night cold energy, and is particularly suitable for hot summer and cold winter regions, significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0059] The present application realizes automatic control operation mode through control valve pre-transport control logic, without manual intervention, and has good seasonal adaptive characteristics.

[0060] In general, the switchable one-way heat-conducting phase change energy-saving wall system is suitable for ultra-low energy consumption building energy supply system, and solves the shortcomings of traditional wall technology in energy regulation, seasonal adaptability and energy utilization efficiency. The system has simple structure, low operation and use cost, and has greater energy-saving potential in hot summer and cold winter regions.

[0061] The application provides a feasible solution for the building field, promotes the improvement of building energy efficiency, and makes a contribution to sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the wall body of the application;

[0063] Figure 2 is an A-A sectional view of Figure 1

[0064] Figure 3 is a B-B sectional view of Figure 1

[0065] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the winter daytime operation mode of the wall body of the application;

[0066] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the winter nighttime operation mode of the wall body of the application;

[0067] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the summer daytime operation mode of the wall body of the application;

[0068] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the summer nighttime operation mode of the wall body of the application; (the arrow direction in the figure indicates the heat transfer direction)

[0069] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the control process of the wall body of the application;

[0070] In the figure, the base wall body 1, the outer wall plaster layer 2, the inner wall plaster layer 3, the phase change layer 4, the heat pipe A section 5, the heat pipe B section 6, the heat pipe C section 7, the heat pipe D section 8, the heat pipe E section 9, the control valve A 10, the control valve B 11, the control valve C 12, and the control valve D 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The application will be further described below in combination with examples, but should not be understood as limiting the above-mentioned subject matter of the application to the following examples. According to ordinary technical knowledge and conventional means in the art, various substitutions and changes can be made without departing from the above-mentioned technical idea of the application, and all of them should be included in the protection scope of the application.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] Reference is made to Figures 1 to 8 ​​A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall body, comprising a base wall 1, an outer wall plaster layer 2, an inner wall plaster layer 3, a phase change layer 4, a heat pipe A section 5, a heat pipe B section 6, a heat pipe C section 7, a heat pipe D section 8, a heat pipe E section 9, a control valve A 10, a control valve B 11, a control valve C 12, and a control valve D 13.

[0074] The outer wall plaster layer 2 and the inner wall plaster layer 3 are respectively located on both sides of the base wall 1.

[0075] The outer wall plaster layer 2 is located outdoors, and the inner wall plaster layer 3 is located indoors.

[0076] The phase change layer 4 is located inside the base wall 1 and is used for storing heat.

[0077] The heat pipe A section 5 and the heat pipe B section 6 are both located on the outside of the outer wall plaster layer 2, and the heat pipe A section 5 is located above the heat pipe B section 6.

[0078] The heat pipe C section 7 and the heat pipe D section 8 are both located on the outside of the inner wall plaster layer 3, and the heat pipe C section 7 is located above the heat pipe D section 8.

[0079] The heat pipe E section 9 is located in the phase change layer 4.

[0080] The pipe of the heat pipe E section 9 extends outwardly, thereby communicating with the heat pipe A section 5, the heat pipe B section 6, the heat pipe C section 7, and the heat pipe D section 8.

[0081] The control valve A 10, the control valve B 11, the control valve C 12, and the control valve D 13 are used for adjusting the working state of the heat pipe A section 5, the heat pipe B section 6, the heat pipe C section 7, the heat pipe D section 8, and the heat pipe E section 9.

[0082] Embodiment 2:

[0083] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall body, the technical content is the same as that of embodiment 1, further, the cross-sectional shape of the heat pipe E section 9 is an I-shaped section.

[0084] Embodiment 3:

[0085] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall body, the technical content is the same as that of any one of embodiments 1-2, further, in the heat pipe E section 9, the one end of the horizontal pipe located on the upper side communicates with the heat pipe A section 5, and the other end communicates with the heat pipe C section 7. The one end of the horizontal pipe located on the lower side communicates with the heat pipe B section 6, and the other end communicates with the heat pipe D section 8.

[0086] The vertical pipe of the heat pipe E section 9 is located inside the phase change layer 4.

[0087] Embodiment 4:

[0088] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-3, further, the heat pipe A section 5, heat pipe B section 6, heat pipe C section 7, heat pipe D section 8, heat pipe E section 9 are filled with phase change working medium.

[0089] Embodiment 5:

[0090] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-4, further, the working state of the heat pipe A section 5, heat pipe B section 6, heat pipe C section 7, heat pipe D section 8, heat pipe E section 9 includes evaporation state and condensation state.

[0091] Embodiment 6:

[0092] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-5, further, when the working state of the heat pipe is heat absorption, the heat pipe acts as an evaporation section to participate in the temperature regulation of the building interior.

[0093] Embodiment 7:

[0094] A switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-6, further, when the working state of the heat pipe is heat release, the heat pipe acts as a condensation section to participate in the temperature regulation of the building interior.

[0095] Embodiment 8:

[0096] A control system for applying the switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall of any one of embodiments 1-7, including a one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall, a time monitoring module, an outdoor irradiance monitoring module, an outdoor temperature monitoring module, an indoor temperature monitoring module and a control module.

[0097] The time monitoring module monitors the current date in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0098] The outdoor irradiance monitoring module monitors the irradiance outside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module. The wall of the building is a one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall.

[0099] The outdoor temperature monitoring module monitors the temperature outside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0100] The indoor temperature monitoring module monitors the temperature inside the building in real time and transmits it to the control module.

[0101] The control module controls the on or off of the control valve A10, the control valve B11, the control valve C12 and the control valve D13 in the one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall according to the current date, the external irradiance of the building, the external temperature of the building and the internal temperature of the building, so as to control the working state of the heat pipe A section 5, the heat pipe B section 6, the heat pipe C section 7, the heat pipe D section 8 and the heat pipe E section 9, and adjust the internal temperature of the building.

[0102] Embodiment 9:

[0103] A method for using the control system of embodiment 8, comprising the following steps:

[0104] 1) The current date is monitored by the time monitoring module and transmitted to the control module.

[0105] The control module judges the current date, if the current date is in winter, steps 2)-5) are executed, if the current date is in summer, steps 6)-9) are executed.

[0106] 2) The external irradiance of the building is monitored in real time by the outdoor irradiance monitoring module and transmitted to the control module.

[0107] The external temperature of the building is monitored in real time by the outdoor temperature monitoring module and transmitted to the control module.

[0108] The internal temperature of the building is monitored in real time by the indoor temperature monitoring module and transmitted to the control module.

[0109] 3) The control module judges the external irradiance of the building, if the external irradiance of the building is greater than 0, step 4) is entered, otherwise, jump to step 5).

[0110] 4) The control module judges whether the external temperature of the building is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer 4.

[0111] If yes, the control valve B11 is opened, and the control valve A10, the control valve C12 and the control valve D13 are closed, so that the heat pipe B section 6 works as an evaporation section and the heat pipe E section 9 works as a condensation section.

[0112] At this time, the heat pipe B section 6 absorbs heat in solar energy, so that the liquid phase change working medium located in the heat pipe B section 6 absorbs heat and changes into gaseous state, and the gaseous phase change working medium enters the heat pipe E section 9 from the heat pipe B section 6 and releases heat in the heat pipe E section 9.

[0113] The heat is absorbed by the phase change layer 4 outside the heat pipe E section 9, the phase change layer 4 stores heat and releases heat to the building interior through the base wall 1 and the interior wall plaster layer 3, so as to improve the internal temperature of the building, and then returns to step 2).

[0114] If no, then close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve C12, control valve D13, return to step 2).

[0115] 5) Determine whether the building interior temperature is less than the phase change temperature of phase change layer 4.

[0116] If yes, open control valve C12, close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve D13, make heat pipe E section 9 as evaporation section, heat pipe C section 7 as condensation section.

[0117] At this time, heat pipe E section 9 absorbs the heat stored in phase change layer 4, so that the liquid phase change working medium located in heat pipe E section 9 absorbs heat and changes into gas.

[0118] The gaseous phase change working medium enters heat pipe C section 7 from heat pipe E section 9, releases heat in heat pipe C section 7, and the heat is conducted to the building interior in the form of convection and radiation, thereby increasing the building interior temperature, and then returns to step 2).

[0119] If no, then close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve C12, control valve D13, return to step 2).

[0120] 6) Real-time monitoring of the building exterior irradiance by using the outdoor irradiance monitoring module, and transmitting to the control module.

[0121] Real-time monitoring of the building exterior temperature by using the outdoor temperature monitoring module, and transmitting to the control module.

[0122] Real-time monitoring of the building interior temperature by using the indoor temperature monitoring module, and transmitting to the control module.

[0123] 7) The control module determines the building exterior irradiance, if the building exterior irradiance is greater than 0, then enter step 8), otherwise jump to step 9).

[0124] 8) The control module determines whether the building interior temperature is greater than the phase change temperature of phase change layer 4.

[0125] If yes, open control valve D13, close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve C12, make heat pipe D section 8 as evaporation section, heat pipe E section 9 as condensation section.

[0126] At this time, heat pipe D section 8 absorbs the heat of the building interior, so that the liquid phase change working medium located in heat pipe D section 8 absorbs heat and changes into gas.

[0127] The gaseous phase change working medium enters heat pipe E section 9 from heat pipe D section 8, and releases heat in heat pipe E section 9. Heat pipe E section 9 dissipates heat to the surrounding, and the heat is absorbed and stored by phase change layer 4, thereby reducing the building interior temperature, and then returns to step 6).

[0128] If not, close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve C12, control valve D13, return to step 6).

[0129] 9) The control module determines whether the temperature outside the building is less than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer 4.

[0130] If yes, open control valve A10, close control valve B11, control valve C12, control valve D13, make heat pipe E section 9 as the evaporation section, and heat pipe A section 5 as the condensation section.

[0131] The heat pipe E section 9 absorbs the heat stored in the phase change layer, and the liquid phase change working medium inside the heat pipe E section 9 absorbs heat and changes into a gaseous state.

[0132] The gaseous phase change working medium enters the heat pipe A section 5 from the heat pipe E section 9 and releases heat in the heat pipe A section 5. The heat pipe A section 5 dissipates heat to the outdoor environment in the form of convection and radiation, reducing the temperature inside the building, and then returns to step 6).

[0133] If not, close control valve A10, control valve B11, control valve C12, control valve D13, return to step 6).

[0134] Example 10:

[0135] A method for using the control system described in embodiment 8, the technical content is the same as that of embodiment 9, further, step 1) can be executed every day, every week, every month, or periodically according to a preset time interval.

[0136] Example 11:

[0137] A method for using the control system described in embodiment 8, the technical content is the same as that of embodiment

[0138] 9-10 any one of the further steps 2)-5) and steps 6)-9) are independent, if steps 2)-5) are executed, steps 6)-9) are not executed. If steps 6)-9) are executed, steps 2)-5) are not executed.

[0139] Example 12:

[0140] A method for using the control system described in embodiment 8, the technical content is the same as that of any one of embodiments 9-11, further, in winter, according to local climate, geographical location and other factors, generally speaking, winter is from December to February, and summer is from June to August.

[0141] Example 13:

[0142] The method of using the control system described in embodiment 8, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 9-11, further, the execution of steps 2)-5) is not limited to winter, but also to other low temperature dates that need to raise the temperature inside the building.

[0143] The execution of steps 6)-9) is not limited to summer, but also to other high temperature dates that need to reduce the temperature inside the building.

[0144] Embodiment 14:

[0145] The switchable one-way heat conduction phase change energy-saving wall body includes a base wall body 1 (usually composed of bricks and concrete), an outer wall plaster layer 2, an inner wall plaster layer 3, a phase change layer 4, a heat pipe A section 5, a heat pipe B section 6, a heat pipe C section 7, a heat pipe D section 8, a heat pipe E section 9, a control valve A 10, a control valve B 11, a control valve C 12, and a control valve D 13.

[0146] The present application adds phase change materials and heat pipes on the basis of traditional wall bodies.

[0147] The phase change layer is located in the middle of the base wall body and is used for storing heat. The thickness of the phase change layer is 5-20 mm, and the phase change temperature is 18-20℃. The position, thickness, and phase change temperature of the phase change layer can be optimized and adjusted according to the actual situation of different climate zones. The phase change layer can also serve as a building insulation layer.

[0148] The heat pipe A and B sections are located outside the outer wall plaster layer, the heat pipe C and D sections are located outside the inner wall plaster layer, and the heat pipe E section is located in the middle of the phase change layer.

[0149] The heat pipe is in a four-pronged shape and is divided into five sections. Each prong contains a control valve. With the opening and closing of the control valve, the working state of the five sections of the heat pipe is switched between the evaporation section and the condensation section.

[0150] The heat pipe contains a phase change working medium. The liquid working medium absorbs heat in the evaporation section of the heat pipe and is phase changed and evaporated into a gaseous state. Under the action of the capillary driving force and the phase change driving force of the working medium, the gaseous working medium releases heat in the condensation section and returns to the liquid state. The liquid working medium returns to the evaporation section due to gravity, and the cycle is repeated, realizing efficient heat transfer from the evaporation section to the condensation section of the heat pipe.

[0151] The control valve is preferably an electromagnetic valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of the heat pipe.

[0152] Working principle:

[0153] The present application is divided into winter mode and summer mode, and the day and night in the two modes have different control strategies. The winter mode is also called heat collection mode, in which the passive utilization of solar energy in winter is fully realized, the solar heat is collected in the day and gradually released to the indoor in the night, and the indoor temperature in winter is significantly improved. The summer mode is also called heat dissipation mode, in which the passive utilization of cold energy in the environment at night in summer is fully utilized, the heat in the indoor is absorbed and stored in the phase change layer in the day, and the heat in the phase change layer is released to the outdoor at night, and the indoor temperature in summer is significantly reduced.

[0154] Winter mode (heat collection mode)

[0155] In winter day, due to the solar radiation irradiating on the outer wall, the surface temperature of the outer wall is higher than the phase change temperature, the control valve B is opened, and the control valve ACD is closed. At this time, the heat pipe B section acts as an evaporation section, and the heat pipe E section acts as a condensation section. The heat pipe B section absorbs the heat in the solar energy, and the liquid working medium absorbs the heat and changes into a gaseous state. The gaseous working medium releases heat in the heat pipe E section, and the heat is absorbed by the phase change material around the E section. The phase change material melts and stores heat, and at the same time, it releases part of the heat to the indoor through the base wall, improving the comfort of the indoor.

[0156] In winter night, due to the phase change layer absorbing the solar energy in the day, the temperature of the phase change layer is higher than the indoor temperature, the control valve C is opened, and the control valve ABD is closed. At this time, the heat pipe E section acts as an evaporation section, and the heat pipe C section acts as a condensation section. The heat pipe E section absorbs the heat stored by the phase change material in the day, and the liquid working medium absorbs the heat and changes into a gaseous state. The gaseous working medium releases heat in the heat pipe C section, and the heat is conducted to the indoor in the form of convection and radiation, the indoor temperature rises, and the comfort is improved.

[0157] Summer mode (heat dissipation mode)

[0158] In summer day, when the indoor temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, the control valve D is opened, and the control valve ABC is closed. At this time, the heat pipe D section acts as an evaporation section, and the heat pipe E section acts as a condensation section. The heat is transferred from the heat pipe D section to the heat pipe E section, and the E section dissipates heat to the surrounding, and the heat is absorbed and stored by the phase change layer. Since the phase change layer absorbs the heat in the indoor, the indoor heat is reduced, and the comfort is improved.

[0159] In summer night, the cold energy is rich at night, the surface temperature of the outer wall is lower than the phase change temperature, the control valve A is opened, and the control valve BCD is closed. At this time, the heat pipe E section acts as an evaporation section, and the heat pipe A section acts as a condensation section. The heat pipe E section absorbs the heat stored by the phase change material in the day, and transfers to the heat pipe A section. The heat pipe A section dissipates heat to the outdoor environment in the form of convection and radiation.

Claims

1. A switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall, characterized in that: Includes the basic wall (1), the exterior wall plaster layer (2), the interior wall plaster layer (3), the phase change layer (4), the heat pipe A section (5), the heat pipe B section (6), the heat pipe C section (7), the heat pipe D section (8), the heat pipe E section (9), the control valve A (10), the control valve B (11), the control valve C (12), and the control valve D (13); The exterior wall plaster layer (2) and the interior wall plaster layer (3) are located on both sides of the foundation wall (1); The phase change layer (4) is located inside the foundation wall (1) and is used to store heat. Both heat pipe A section (5) and heat pipe B section (6) are located outside the outer wall plaster layer (2), and heat pipe A section (5) is located above heat pipe B section (6); The heat pipe C section (7) and heat pipe D section (8) are both located outside the inner wall plaster layer (3), and the heat pipe C section (7) is located above the heat pipe D section (8); The heat pipe section E (9) is located within the phase change layer (4); The pipe of heat pipe E section (9) extends outward to connect with heat pipe A section (5), heat pipe B section (6), heat pipe C section (7), and heat pipe D section (8); The control valves A (10), B (11), C (12), and D (13) are used to adjust the working status of heat pipe A section (5), heat pipe B section (6), heat pipe C section (7), heat pipe D section (8), and heat pipe E section (9); The heat pipe section E (9) has an I-shaped cross-section. In the heat pipe E section (9), one end of the upper horizontal pipe is connected to the heat pipe A section (5), and the other end is connected to the heat pipe C section (7); one end of the lower horizontal pipe is connected to the heat pipe B section (6), and the other end is connected to the heat pipe D section (8). The vertical pipe of the heat pipe section E (9) is located inside the phase change layer (4); Each heat pipe section is set vertically. Heat pipe section A (5) and heat pipe section C (7) are located above heat pipe section E (9), and heat pipe section B (6) and heat pipe section D (8) are located below heat pipe section E (9). Heat pipe section E (9) and other heat pipe sections are connected through horizontal pipes. Each control valve is set in the horizontal pipe that connects heat pipe section E (9) to other heat pipe sections.

2. The switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe sections A (5), B (6), C (7), D (8), and E (9) are filled with phase change working fluid.

3. A switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working states of heat pipe A section (5), heat pipe B section (6), heat pipe C section (7), heat pipe D section (8), and heat pipe E section (9) include evaporation state and condensation state.

4. A switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the heat pipe is in heat absorption mode, it participates in the building's internal temperature regulation as an evaporation section.

5. A switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the heat pipe is in the heat release mode, it participates in the building's internal temperature regulation as a condensation section.

6. A control system for a switchable unidirectional thermal phase change energy-saving wall as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes a unidirectional heat-conducting phase change energy-saving wall, a time monitoring module, an outdoor irradiance monitoring module, an outdoor temperature monitoring module, an indoor temperature monitoring module, and a control module; The time monitoring module monitors the current date in real time and transmits the data to the control module; The outdoor irradiance monitoring module monitors the external irradiance of the building in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The outdoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's external temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The indoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's interior temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The control module controls the opening or closing of control valves A (10), B (11), C (12), and D (13) in the unidirectional heat-conducting phase change energy-saving wall according to the current date, external irradiance, external temperature, and internal temperature of the building, thereby controlling the working status of heat pipe A (5), heat pipe B (6), heat pipe C (7), heat pipe D (8), and heat pipe E (9) and adjusting the internal temperature of the building.

7. A method of using the control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) The current date is monitored using the time monitoring module and transmitted to the control module; The control module determines the current date. If the current date is in winter, it executes steps 2) to 5). If the current date is in summer, it executes steps 6) to 9). 2) The outdoor irradiance monitoring module is used to monitor the external irradiance of the building in real time and transmit the data to the control module; The outdoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's external temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The indoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's interior temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. 3) The control module judges the external irradiance of the building. If the external irradiance of the building is greater than 0, proceed to step 4); otherwise, jump to step 5. 4) The control module determines whether the external temperature of the building is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer (4); If so, then open control valve B (11), close control valve A (10), control valve C (12), and control valve D (13), so that heat pipe section B (6) is used as the evaporation section and heat pipe section E (9) is used as the condensation section. At this time, heat pipe section B (6) absorbs heat from solar energy, causing the liquid phase change working medium inside heat pipe section B (6) to absorb heat and change phase to gas. The gaseous phase change working medium enters heat pipe section E (9) from heat pipe section B (6) and releases heat in heat pipe section E (9). Heat is absorbed by the phase change layer (4) outside the heat pipe section E (9), the phase change layer (4) stores heat, and releases heat into the building through the base wall (1) and the inner wall plaster layer (3), raising the temperature inside the building, and then returning to step 2); If not, then close control valve A (10), control valve B (11), control valve C (12), and control valve D (13), and return to step 2); 5) The control module determines whether the internal temperature of the building is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer (4); If so, then open control valve C (12), close control valve A (10), control valve B (11), and control valve D (13), so that heat pipe section E (9) is used as the evaporation section and heat pipe section C (7) is used as the condensation section. At this time, heat pipe section E (9) absorbs the heat stored in phase change layer (4), causing the liquid phase change working fluid inside heat pipe section E (9) to absorb heat and change to gaseous state. The gaseous phase change working fluid enters the heat pipe C section (7) from the heat pipe E section (9) and releases heat in the heat pipe C section (7). The heat is conducted to the interior of the building through convection and radiation, raising the interior temperature of the building, and then returns to step 2); If not, then close control valve A (10), control valve B (11), control valve C (12), and control valve D (13), and return to step 2); 6) The outdoor irradiance monitoring module is used to monitor the external irradiance of the building in real time and transmit it to the control module; The outdoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's external temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. The indoor temperature monitoring module monitors the building's interior temperature in real time and transmits the data to the control module. 7) The control module determines the external irradiance of the building. If the external irradiance of the building is greater than 0, proceed to step 8); otherwise, proceed to step 9. 8) The control module determines whether the internal temperature of the building is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer (4); If so, open control valve D (13), close control valve A (10), control valve B (11), and control valve C (12), and make heat pipe section D (8) the evaporation section and heat pipe section E (9) the condensation section. At this time, heat pipe section D (8) absorbs heat from inside the building, causing the liquid phase change working fluid inside heat pipe section D (8) to absorb heat and change to gaseous state. The gaseous phase change working fluid enters the heat pipe section E (9) from the heat pipe section D (8) and releases heat in the heat pipe section E (9); the heat pipe section E (9) dissipates heat to the surroundings, and the heat is absorbed and stored by the phase change layer (4), reducing the internal temperature of the building, and then returns to step 6). If not, then close control valve A (10), control valve B (11), control valve C (12), and control valve D (13), and return to step 6); 9) The control module determines whether the external temperature of the building is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change layer (4); If so, then open control valve A (10), close control valve B (11), control valve C (12), and control valve D (13), and make heat pipe section E (9) the evaporation section and heat pipe section A (5) the condensation section. The heat pipe E section (9) absorbs the heat stored in the phase change layer, causing the liquid phase change working fluid located inside the heat pipe E section (9) to absorb heat and change to gaseous state. The gaseous phase change working fluid enters the heat pipe section A (5) from heat pipe section E (9) and releases heat in heat pipe section A (5); heat pipe section A (5) dissipates heat to the outdoor environment through convection and radiation, reducing the temperature inside the building, and then returns to step 6); If not, close control valves A (10), B (11), C (12), and D (13) and return to step 6).

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