A miniature rotating wheel type multi-spectral imaging system
By designing an ultrasonic drive motor and a fan-shaped filter channel, the problem of miniaturization in traditional multispectral imaging systems has been solved, achieving miniaturization and flexible adaptability of multispectral imaging systems, making them suitable for scenarios such as the Internet of Things and intelligent warfare.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHWESTERN POLYTECHNICAL UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional multispectral imaging systems are difficult to miniaturize, mainly because brushless DC motors and electromagnetic motors are large and heavy, and the filter arrangement means that the distance between adjacent filters cannot be small enough.
An ultrasonic drive motor and a fan-shaped filter channel arranged in a circular array are used, combined with a piezoelectric ceramic ring to drive the rotor to rotate. The rotor offset is limited by a locking unit, which realizes the miniaturization design of the filter. Different application scenarios can be adapted by changing ultrasonic drive motors and filters of different diameters.
This achievement enables the miniaturization of the multispectral imaging system, increasing its flexibility and versatility, allowing it to adapt to the detection and identification of various targets, and improving the system's flexibility and adaptability.
Smart Images
Figure CN116659664B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multi-spectral imaging, in particular to a micro-rotary multi-spectral imaging system. BACKGROUND
[0002] Multi-spectral imaging technology is a new multi-dimensional detection and perception technology. Compared with traditional RGB images, spectral images can not only extract spatial texture information of a target, but also obtain high-dimensional spectral features, so as to better represent the physical and chemical properties of the target and perform identification and detection.
[0003] The filter wheel type is a simple and attractive method to realize a multi-spectral imaging system due to its simple structure and low cost, and can realize high-resolution filtering. The multi-spectral imaging system based on the filter wheel mainly comprises a filter wheel, focusing optics and a detector. The filter wheel is driven by a motor to rotate a plurality of filters to obtain images of different spectral bands. Existing filter wheel systems mostly place the motor at the center of the filter wheel, and more and more researchers are committed to reducing the size of the filter wheel type spectral system from multiple aspects. First, the filter wheel can be placed directly in front of the detector by optimizing the optical path of the entire system, thereby reducing the diameter of the filter channel. Second, a plurality of filter wheels are placed in overlapping positions, or the filters are arranged in a plurality of concentric rings, so that the number of filter channels is doubled, thereby improving the spectral resolution. Third, different geometric types of filter wheels such as hollow cylinders and spherical filter wheels are developed to reduce the size of the final system. The size of the filter wheel system is affected by many factors such as the number of filters, the size of the motor and the arrangement of the filters.
[0004] In general, the traditional multi-spectral imaging system has the following defects: 1) the traditional brushless DC motor and electromagnetic motor are usually large in size and heavy in weight; 2) the existing arrangement of the filters is discrete, so that the distance between adjacent filters cannot be small enough. The existing multi-spectral imaging system has obvious defects in the above two aspects, thereby making it difficult to realize the miniaturization of the entire system. SUMMARY
[0005] The problem solved by the present application is how to miniaturize the multi-spectral imaging system to meet the needs of specific scenarios such as future Internet of Things and intelligent combat.
[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a micro-rotary multi-spectral imaging system, comprising:
[0007] The spectral unit is used for filtering the spectral information of the light incident on the target object, and comprises a filter and an ultrasonic drive motor, the ultrasonic drive motor comprises a first stator, a rotor and a second stator arranged in sequence on the same axis, and annular openings are formed in the axes of the first stator, the rotor and the second stator, piezoelectric ceramic rings are embedded in the edges of the annular openings on the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator and the second stator respectively, the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor are in contact with the piezoelectric ceramic rings on the opposite surfaces of the first stator and the second stator respectively to drive the rotor to rotate, locking units for limiting the deviation of the rotor are arranged on the first stator and the second stator in correspondence with the outer periphery of the rotor, and the filter is embedded in the annular opening of the rotor, a plurality of fan-shaped filter channels are arranged on the filter, and the fan-shaped filter channels are arranged in a circumferential array about the center of the filter.
[0008] The imaging unit is used for converging the filtered spectral information on the imaging unit, and comprises an imaging objective and a microlens array, the filter is located at the aperture stop of the imaging objective, and the microlens array is located at the image plane position of the imaging objective.
[0009] The detector is used for detecting and recording the light of the corresponding wave band to obtain a corresponding multispectral image, and the detector is located behind the microlens array.
[0010] The control unit is electrically connected with the spectral unit and the detector, is used for collecting data parameters of the spectral unit and the detector, and is used for detecting and identifying the target object according to the data parameters.
[0011] The filter with the fan-shaped filter channels arranged in a circumferential array makes the distance between the adjacent filter channels small enough, and can also adapt to different application scenarios by changing the fan-shaped filter channels, realizes the combination of a plurality of characteristic peak filter channels, has more diversified target detection capability, realizes the miniaturization of the multispectral imaging system through the ultrasonic drive motor composed of the first stator, the second stator and the rotor and the structure that the filter is embedded in the rotor, in addition, the fan-shaped filter channels on the filter can be customized according to needs, have high universality, realize the detection and identification of different targets by flexibly replacing the filter channels, and different aperture ultrasonic drive motors and filters are replaced to realize the combination with different volume imaging units and detectors, and a diversified multispectral imaging system is constructed, and flexibility and universality are increased.
[0012] Preferably, annular embedding grooves are formed in the annular opening edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator and the second stator respectively, and the piezoelectric ceramic rings are embedded in the annular embedding grooves respectively.
[0013] As preferred, the locking unit comprises a plurality of bearings and locking bolts, the bearings are uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotor, and the outer peripheral wall of the bearing and the outer peripheral wall of the rotor are in contact, the shaft center of the bearing corresponding to the first stator and the second stator is respectively provided with a through hole, one end of the locking bolt is sequentially threaded through the first stator, the bearing and the second stator through the through hole, and then a locking nut is sleeved, the first stator and the second stator are limited to occur radial offset by the locking nut and the locking bolt, and the bearing is limited to occur plane offset by the locking nut and the locking bolt.
[0014] As preferred, the first stator and the second stator are respectively provided with SIN excitation source input holes, COS excitation source input holes, -SIN excitation source input holes, -COS excitation source input holes and GND excitation source input holes, the SIN excitation source input holes, the COS excitation source input holes, the -SIN excitation source input holes, the -COS excitation source input holes and the GND excitation source input holes on the first stator are electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic rings on the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator through wires, and the SIN excitation source input holes, the COS excitation source input holes, the -SIN excitation source input holes, the -COS excitation source input holes and the GND excitation source input holes on the second stator are electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic rings on the upper and lower surfaces of the second stator through wires, so that the rotor is driven to rotate between the first stator and the second stator to generate piezoelectric effect by four-phase excitation driving.
[0015] As preferred, the polarization directions of the upper and lower adjacent two piezoelectric ceramic rings are opposite, so that the rotor can be excited and driven to rotate between the first stator and the second stator.
[0016] As preferred, the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor are respectively bonded with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene as a friction layer, the driving force is obtained by piezoelectric ceramic vibration mode, and then the motor driven by friction is used to drive.
[0017] The micro rotary multi-spectral imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the first stator and the second stator are both made of PCB. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the application;
[0019] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the ultrasonic drive motor structure of the application;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the filter structure;
[0021] Figure 4 (a1) is the full-band recognition result of the target object in the experiment;
[0022] Figure 4(a2) is the full-band recognition result of the camouflage net;
[0023] Figure 4 (b1) is the target detection schematic diagram of the target of the present application under RX detection of a specific filter channel;
[0024] Figure 4 (b2) is the target detection schematic diagram of the camouflage net under RX detection of a specific filter channel.
[0025] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] 1, light splitting unit; 1.1, filter; 1.1.1, fan-shaped filter channel; 1.2, ultrasonic drive motor; 1.2.1, first stator; 1.2.2, second stator; 1.2.3, rotor; 1.2.4, annular slot; 1.2.5, SIN excitation source input hole; 1.2.6, COS excitation source input hole; 1.2.7, -SIN excitation source input hole; 1.2.8, -COS excitation source input hole; 1.2.9, GND excitation source input hole; 2, imaging unit; 3, detector; 4, control unit; 5, piezoelectric ceramic ring; 6, bearing; 7, locking bolt; 8, ring opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0028] As Figure 1 shown in a micro-rotary multi-spectral imaging system, comprising:
[0029] The light splitting unit 1 is used for filtering the spectral information of the target incident light, as Figure 2As shown, the light splitting unit 1 comprises a filter 1.1 and an ultrasonic drive motor 1.2, the ultrasonic drive motor 1.2 comprises a first stator 1.2.1, a rotor 1.2.3 and a second stator 1.2.2 arranged coaxially in sequence, the first stator 1.2.1, the rotor 1.2.3 and the second stator 1.2.2 are all annular structures, and annular openings 8 are formed at the shafts of the first stator 1.2.1, the rotor 1.2.3 and the second stator 1.2.2, in the specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 is 34mm, the inner diameter is 19mm, and the thickness is 3mm, the outer diameter of the rotor 1.2.3 is 25mm, the inner diameter is 19mm, and the thickness is 2mm, piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 are embedded at the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 corresponding to the edges of the annular openings 8, specifically, annular embedding grooves 1.2.4 are formed at the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 corresponding to the edges of the annular openings 8, and the piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 are embedded and fixed in the annular embedding grooves 1.2.4 by reflow soldering technology; at the same time, the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor 1.2.3 are in contact with the piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 on the opposite surfaces of the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2, so as to drive the rotor to rotate by the piezoelectric ceramic rings, specifically, SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.5, COS excitation source input holes 1.2.6, -SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.7, -COS excitation source input holes 1.2.8 and GND excitation source input holes 1.2.9 are arranged on the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 for four-phase excitation driving, the SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.5, the COS excitation source input holes 1.2.6, the -SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.7, the -COS excitation source input holes 1.2.8 and the GND excitation source input holes 1.2.9 on the first stator 1.2.1 are electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 on the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator 1.2.1 by wires, the SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.5, the COS excitation source input holes 1.2.6, the -SIN excitation source input holes 1.2.7, the -COS excitation source input holes 1.2.8 and the GND excitation source input holes 1.2.9 on the second stator 1.2.2 are electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 on the upper and lower surfaces of the second stator 1.2.2 by wires, and the polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic rings 5 are opposite, so that the rotor 1.2.3 rotates due to the piezoelectric effect under the excitation and driving of the piezoelectric ceramic rings 5; a locking unit for limiting the radial and horizontal offset of the rotor 1.2.3 is arranged between the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2.3, the rotor 1.2.3 is not offset along the axis, in the specific embodiment, the locking unit includes a plurality of bearings 6 and locking bolts 7, the bearings 6 are uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotor 1.2.3, and the outer peripheral wall of the bearing 6 is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the rotor 1.2.3, the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 are respectively provided with through holes corresponding to the axis of the bearing 6, one end of the locking bolt 7 is sequentially inserted through the first stator 1.2.1, the bearing 6 and the second stator 1.2.2, and then the locking nut is sleeved, the first stator 1.2.1 and the second stator 1.2.2 are limited to be radially offset by the locking nut and the locking bolt 7, and the bearing 6 is limited to be planarly offset by the locking bolt 7 and the locking nut; the optical filter 1.1 is embedded at the ring opening of the rotor 1.2.3, and the diameter of the optical filter 1.1 in the specific embodiment is 19mm; as shown in the figure, a plurality of fan-shaped filter channels 1.1.1 are arranged on the optical filter 1.1, and the plurality of fan-shaped filter channels 1.1.1 are arranged in a circumferential array about the center of the optical filter 1.1. Figure 3
[0030] The imaging unit 2 is used for converging the spectrum information filtered by the optical filter 1.1, and the imaging unit 2 includes an imaging objective and a microlens array, the optical filter 1.1 is located at the aperture stop of the imaging objective, and the microlens array is located at the image plane position of the imaging objective, and the imaging objective in the specific embodiment is a camera module with a size of Φ34mm*23mm.
[0031] The detector 3 is used for detecting and recording light corresponding to a wave band, and obtaining a corresponding multi-spectrum image, and the detector 3 is located behind the microlens array, and the detector 3 in the specific embodiment is also a camera module with a size of Φ19mm*9mm, a focal length of 8mm and a light aperture size of 2mm; the distance between the light and wind unit and the detector 3 is 3mm.
[0032] The control unit 4 is connected with the light splitting unit 1 and the detector 3, is used for collecting data parameters of the light splitting unit 1 and the detector 3, and is used for detecting and identifying a target object according to the data parameters, and the RX abnormal detection calculation mode is adopted in the specific embodiment.
[0033] Further, a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene is bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor 1.2.3 as a friction layer, a driving force is obtained by piezoelectric ceramic vibration, and then a motor driven by friction is used to drive the rotor.
[0034] Working process
[0035] Firstly, a push-broom hyperspectral imaging system is used to obtain hyperspectral data containing a target object.
[0036] Second step, according to the evaluation criteria of spectral segment screening and RX anomaly detection calculation mode unified modeling to carry out wave band selection, select the least number of target detection wave band subset Sm of hyperspectral data; Since RX anomaly detection method is at least two wave bands, the minimum filter channel number of each target is determined to be 2, therefore, the target detection wave band is 603nm, 700nm, the target detection wave band of camouflage net is 531nm, 700nm, so as to obtain the target detection wave band subset Sm(531nm, 603nm, 700nm);
[0037] Third step, according to Sm, the filter channel number is determined to be 3, the center wavelengths are 531nm, 603nm and 700nm respectively, and combined with the system parameters, the number of fan-shaped is determined to be 3, and the minimum diameter of the filter channel is 18mm, so as to obtain the filter 1.1 of the application;
[0038] Fourth step, introducing the ultrasonic drive motor 1.2 of the application, placing the filter 1.1 into the ring opening of the rotor 1.2.3; and forming the micro-rotor type multi-spectral imaging system of the application;
[0039] Fifth step, the micro-rotor type multi-spectral imaging system of the application is used to image the target object, obtain a multi-spectral data set, detect the target by using RX anomaly algorithm, and finally realize the detection and identification of the target; The results are shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 (a1) is the full wave band identification result of the target object in the experiment, Figure 4 (a2) is the full wave band identification result of the camouflage net, Figure 4 (b1) is the target detection schematic diagram of the target object of the application under the RX detection of specific filter channel, Figure 4 Figure 4 (b2) is the target detection schematic diagram of the camouflage net under the RX detection of specific filter channel, compared with the full wave band identification result, the detection effect is greatly improved, and the identification of the target object is realized.
[0040] Although the present disclosure is as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A miniature rotating wheel type multi-spectral imaging system, comprising: a light splitting unit (1) for filtering spectral information of light incident on a target object, the light splitting unit (1) comprising a filter (1.1) and an ultrasonic drive motor (1.2), the ultrasonic drive motor (1.2) comprising a first stator (1.2.1), a rotor (1.2.3) and a second stator (1.2.2) arranged coaxially in sequence, the first stator (1.2.1), the rotor (1.2.3) and the second stator (1.2.2) each having a ring opening (8) at the axis thereof, the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2) each having a piezoelectric ceramic ring (5) embedded at the edge of the ring opening (8) on the upper and lower surfaces thereof, the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor (1.2.3) being in contact with the piezoelectric ceramic rings (5) on the opposite surfaces of the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2) to drive the rotor (1.2.3) to rotate, the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2) each having a locking unit corresponding to the outer periphery of the rotor (1.2.3) to limit the radial and planar displacement of the rotor (1.2.3), the filter (1.1) being embedded at the ring opening (8) of the rotor (1.2.3), the filter (1.1) having a plurality of fan-shaped filter channels (1.1.1) arranged on the surface thereof. 1.1.1), a plurality of fan-shaped filter channels (1.1.1) are distributed in a circumferential array about the center of the filter (1.1); An imaging unit (2) is used to converge the filtered spectral information on the filter (1.1) on the imaging unit (2), wherein the imaging unit (2) comprises an imaging objective and a microlens array, the filter (1.1) is located at the aperture stop of the imaging objective, and the microlens array is located at the image plane position of the imaging objective; A detector (3) is used to detect and record light of a corresponding wave band to obtain a corresponding multi-spectral image, and the detector (3) is located behind the microlens array; A control unit (4) is electrically connected with the light splitting unit (1) and the detector (3), and is used to collect data parameters of the light splitting unit (1) and the detector (3) and perform detection and identification of a target object according to the data parameters.
2. A miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system according to claim 1, wherein, Annular grooves (1.2.4) are formed at the edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2), respectively, and the piezoelectric ceramic rings (5) are embedded in the annular grooves (1.2.4), respectively.
3. The miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein, The locking unit comprises a plurality of bearings (6) and locking bolts (7), the bearings (6) are uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the rotor (1.2.3), the outer peripheral wall of the bearing (6) is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the rotor (1.2.3), the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2) are provided with through holes corresponding to the shafts of the bearings (6), respectively, and one end of the locking bolt (7) is sequentially threaded through the first stator (1.2.1), the bearing (6) and the second stator (1.2.2) and then is sleeved with a locking nut.
4. The miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein, SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.5), COS excitation source input holes (1.2.6), -SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.7), -COS excitation source input holes (1.2.8) and GND excitation source input holes (1.2.9) are formed on the first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2), respectively, the SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.5), the COS excitation source input holes (1.2.6), the -SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.7), the -COS excitation source input holes (1.2.8) and the GND excitation source input holes (1.2.9) on the first stator (1.2.1) are electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic rings (5) on the upper and lower surfaces of the first stator (1.2.1) through wires, and the SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.5), the COS excitation source input holes (1.2.6), the -SIN excitation source input holes (1.2.7), the -COS excitation source input holes (1.2.8) and the GND excitation source input holes (1.2.9) on the second stator (1.2.2) are electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic rings (5) on the upper and lower surfaces of the second stator (1.2.2) through wires. The SIN excitation source input hole (1.2.5), the COS excitation source input hole (1.2.6), the -SIN excitation source input hole (1.2.7), the -COS excitation source input hole (1.2.8) and the GND excitation source input hole (1.2.9) are electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic ring (5) through wires to drive the rotor (1.2.3) to rotate in four-phase excitation.
5. The miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system according to claim 1, wherein, The polarization directions of the upper and lower adjacent two piezoelectric ceramic rings (5) are opposite.
6. The miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein, The upper and lower surfaces of the rotor (1.2.3) are respectively bonded with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene base as a friction layer.
7. The miniature rotating wheel multi-spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein, The first stator (1.2.1) and the second stator (1.2.2) are both PCB board materials.