Gear detection circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a gear detection circuit and a vehicle. The gear detection circuit comprises a first power supply, a voltage dividing resistor, and at least two voltage operation circuits. One input end of each voltage operation circuit is connected between the voltage dividing resistor and a connector. Each voltage operation circuit is used for operating a gear voltage value of a gear resistor into an output voltage value according to an operation rule of the voltage operation circuit. A control circuit determines a gear value corresponding to the gear resistor based on the output voltage value output by each voltage operation circuit. The gear voltage value is operated into the output voltage value according to different operation rules by the at least two voltage operation circuits. Therefore, the control circuit can determine the gear value of the gear resistor based on the at least two output voltage values and the corresponding relationship between different gear values and the at least two output voltage values. Thus, the difference between the gear voltage values corresponding to two adjacent gear values can be enlarged, and the accuracy of gear detection can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a gear detection circuit and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles need to accurately identify their current gear position to control driving in different states. However, vehicles often have six, seven, or even more gear positions. Controllers typically determine the current gear position by measuring the voltage across a gear resistor. However, due to the limited input voltage range required by the controller, the voltage difference between adjacent gear positions is often small, which can easily lead to gear recognition errors and affect normal vehicle operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gear detection circuit and a vehicle.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a gear detection circuit, which includes a first power supply, wherein the first end of the first power supply is grounded; a voltage divider resistor, wherein the first end of the voltage divider resistor is connected in series to the second end of the first power supply, and the second end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to a connector for connecting the gear resistor; at least two voltage operation circuits, wherein an input end of each voltage operation circuit is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, and each voltage operation circuit is used to calculate the gear voltage value of the gear resistor into an output voltage value according to the operation rules of the voltage operation circuit; a control circuit, including at least two voltage sampling ports, each of the voltage sampling ports is connected to the output end of one of the voltage operation circuits, and the control circuit is used to determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor based on the output voltage value output by each of the voltage operation circuits.

[0005] In one possible embodiment, at least two voltage operation circuits include: a subtractor and a follower; the subtrahend input terminal of the subtractor is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, the minuend input terminal of the subtractor is connected to the minuend power supply, the subtracted voltage value provided by the minuend power supply is lower than the voltage value provided by the first power supply, and the output terminal of the subtractor is connected to the control circuit; the input terminal of the follower is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, and the output terminal of the follower is connected to the control circuit; the control circuit is used to determine the gear value of the gear resistor based on the output voltage value of the subtractor and the output voltage value of the follower.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the control circuit is used to: determine a first correspondence between the output voltage value of the subtractor, the output voltage value of the follower, and the gear value; and obtain the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor from the first correspondence based on the output voltage value of the subtractor and the output voltage value of the follower.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the voltage value provided by the first power supply is 5V, and the minuend voltage value is 3.3V; and / or the subtractor and the follower include multiple resistors, the resistance values ​​of the multiple resistors are the same and the resistance values ​​of the multiple resistors are greater than 15 times the resistance value of the gear resistor.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the at least two voltage operation circuits include: at least two comparators, the voltage input terminal to be compared of each comparator is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, the reference voltage input terminal of each comparator is connected to the reference voltage providing circuit, and the output terminal of each comparator is connected to the control circuit, wherein the reference voltage providing circuits of different comparators provide different reference voltage values; the control circuit is used to: determine the gear value based on at least two comparison voltage values ​​output by the at least two comparators.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the control circuit is configured to: determine a second correspondence between at least two comparison voltage values ​​and gear values; and obtain the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor from the second correspondence based on the at least two comparison voltage values ​​output by the at least two comparators.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the output end of each of the at least two comparators is a logic circuit output end, and the number of the at least two comparators is not less than the number of gears to be detected.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the difference between every two adjacent reference voltage values ​​is equal to 0.5V to 0.6V; and / or the difference between every two adjacent reference voltage values ​​is equal.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the voltage value provided by the first power supply is 5V, and the voltage value provided by the control circuit is 3.3V.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, a multi-gear component comprising at least two gear resistors, and a gear detection circuit provided by any of the above aspects, wherein the at least two gear resistors and the gear detection circuit are arranged in the vehicle body, and the at least two gear resistors correspond to different gear values ​​of the multi-gear component.

[0014] The technical solution of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The gear voltage value of the gear resistor is calculated into an output voltage value according to different calculation rules through at least two voltage calculation circuits. Therefore, the control circuit can determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor based on the at least two output voltage values ​​and the correspondence between the gear resistor and the at least two output voltage values ​​at different gear values. This can expand the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to two adjacent gear values, thereby improving the accuracy of gear detection.

[0016] These and other aspects of the embodiments of the present application will be more clearly understood in the description of the following embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a gear detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the gear detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of the gear detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of the gear detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a gear resistor in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in another embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0026] Currently, vehicles often require six, seven, or even more different gears to achieve precise control of the vehicle's driving process. When the user sets the vehicle to a different gear, the resistance of the vehicle's gear resistor and the gear voltage across the gear resistor will change accordingly. The control circuit can then determine the vehicle's current gear by detecting the gear voltage across the gear resistor. This method usually connects an ADC pin of the control circuit directly to the connector of the gear resistor. This allows the control circuit to directly detect the voltage change across the gear resistor and thus promptly detect the change in the vehicle's gear position.

[0027] However, in this gear detection method, the control circuit can typically detect a voltage range of only 0V-3.3V, and in some circuits, this voltage range can be even lower. In other words, to enable the control circuit to identify each gear within this narrow voltage range, the vehicle sets the voltage values ​​corresponding to adjacent gears closer together. For example, if the gears that the vehicle needs to identify include nine different gears, and the voltage range that the control circuit can detect is between 0V-3.3V, then the voltage range of the gear voltage value corresponding to each gear can only vary within 3.3V / 9≈0.367V. If the vehicle sets the gear voltage value corresponding to the first gear to 0.2V, then the gear voltage value corresponding to the adjacent second gear can only be determined between 0.2V-0.567V. That is to say, even if the gear voltage value corresponding to the second gear is set to the maximum 0.567V, the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to the first gear and the second gear is still small. For a control circuit of general precision, it is easy to misidentify the gear voltage value, that is, the gear voltage value of the first gear may be mistakenly identified as the gear voltage value of the second gear, which in turn leads to gear detection errors.

[0028] Of course, the control circuit can also obtain a more accurate gear voltage value by using a dedicated ADC sampling chip, such as the SGM58031 chip from SG Micro Corp. The control circuit can use the sampling chip to convert the gear voltage value corresponding to the gear resistor into a voltage value of a digital signal. The controller in the control circuit then directly obtains the accurate voltage value determined by the sampling chip through the I2C bus. Although the control circuit can determine the gear position of the gear resistor based on the accurate voltage value, the circuit cost is significantly increased.

[0029] Therefore, the present application proposes a gear detection circuit and a vehicle, which use at least two voltage calculation circuits to calculate the gear voltage value of the gear resistor into an output voltage value according to different calculation rules. The control circuit can thereby determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor based on the at least two output voltage values ​​and the correspondence between the gear resistor and the at least two output voltage values ​​at different gear values, thereby expanding the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to two adjacent gear values, thereby improving the accuracy of gear detection.

[0030] Figure 1An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a gear detection circuit 10, as shown in the structural diagram. The gear detection circuit 10 comprises a first power supply 100, a first end of the first power supply 100 being grounded; a voltage dividing resistor 200, a first end of the voltage dividing resistor 200 being connected in series to a second end of the first power supply 100, and a second end of the voltage dividing resistor 200 being connected to a connector for connecting a gear resistor 300; at least two voltage operation circuits 400, each voltage operation circuit 400 having one input end connected between the voltage dividing resistor 200 and the connector, and each voltage operation circuit 400 being configured to operate a gear voltage value of the gear resistor 300 into an output voltage value according to an operation rule of the voltage operation circuit 400; and a control circuit 500, comprising at least two voltage sampling ports, each voltage sampling port being connected to an output end of one voltage operation circuit 400, and the control circuit 500 being configured to determine a corresponding gear value of the gear resistor 300 based on the output voltage value output by each voltage operation circuit 400.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, if the gear of the vehicle changes, that is, the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 changes, the gear voltage value between the two ends of the gear resistor 300 also changes accordingly. At this time, the control circuit 500 does not directly determine the corresponding gear value of the gear resistor 300 by obtaining the gear voltage value corresponding to the gear resistor 300, but indirectly determines the corresponding gear value of the gear resistor 300 by the output voltage values output by the at least two voltage operation circuits 400 based on the gear voltage value. Specifically, the operation rule corresponding to each voltage operation circuit 400 is not the same, that is, the output voltage value output by each voltage operation circuit 400 based on the same gear voltage value can be the same or different, and the control circuit 500 obtains at least two output voltage values through the at least two voltage sampling ports, and then determines the corresponding gear value of the gear resistor 300 based on the at least two output voltage values.

[0032] In other words, the control circuit 500 no longer determines the shift value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 based on the shift voltage value obtained by a single voltage sampling port, but can determine the shift value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 based on the output voltage values ​​obtained by at least two voltage sampling ports. Therefore, even if the output voltage value that can be obtained by each voltage sampling port of the control circuit 500 is still within the relatively small voltage range of 0V-3.3V, the voltage range of the shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 is no longer limited to 0V-3.3V. That is to say, the gear voltage value can be greater than 0V-3.3V. For example, it can be set to the voltage range of 0V-5V commonly used in circuits. If the gear of the gear resistor 300 that the vehicle needs to identify still includes nine different gears, then the voltage range of the gear voltage value corresponding to each gear becomes 5V / 9≈0.56V. Assuming that the vehicle sets the gear voltage value corresponding to the first gear to 0.2V, then the gear voltage value corresponding to the second gear can be determined between 0.2V-0.76V. Usually, the gear voltage value corresponding to the second gear can be set to 0.7V, then the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to the first gear and the second gear will become larger. Even for a control circuit 500 of general precision, it is not easy to make gear recognition errors, thereby improving the accuracy of gear detection at a low cost.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the at least two voltage operation circuits 400 include: a subtractor 410 and a follower 420; the subtrahend input terminal of the subtractor 410 is connected between the voltage dividing resistor 200 and the connector, the minuend input terminal of the subtractor 410 is connected to the minuend power supply, the subtracted voltage value provided by the minuend power supply is lower than the voltage value provided by the first power supply 100, and the output terminal of the subtractor 410 is connected to the control circuit 500; the input terminal of the follower 420 is connected between the voltage dividing resistor 200 and the connector, and the output terminal of the follower 420 is connected to the control circuit 500; the control circuit 500 is used to determine the gear value of the gear resistor 300 based on the output voltage value of the subtractor 410 and the output voltage value of the follower 420.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, at least two voltage operation circuits 400 include at least one subtractor 410 and at least one follower 420, wherein the subtractor 410 is used to obtain the shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 through the subtrahend input terminal, and obtain the subtracted voltage value provided by the minuend power supply through the minuend input terminal; at the same time, the subtractor 410 is also used to determine the difference between the shift voltage value and the subtracted voltage value when the shift voltage value is greater than the subtracted voltage value, and use the difference as the output voltage value of the output terminal of the subtractor 410; and when the shift voltage value is not greater than the subtracted voltage value, control the output voltage value of the output terminal of the subtractor 410 to be 0V.

[0035] The follower 420 is configured to obtain the shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 through its input terminal, and to control the output voltage value outputted by the output terminal to change in accordance with changes in the shift voltage value obtained at the input terminal. Specifically, if the shift voltage value obtained at the input terminal of the follower 420 is within the voltage range detectable by the control circuit 500, the output voltage value at the output terminal will change in accordance with changes in the shift voltage value at the input terminal. If the shift voltage value exceeds the voltage range detectable by the control circuit 500, the output voltage value outputted by the output terminal will be the maximum voltage value within the voltage range, which is typically 3.3V.

[0036] It is understandable that the source of the shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 is the voltage value provided by the first power supply 100, and the shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 is also the voltage value obtained by the subtrahend input terminal of the subtractor 410. If the subtractor 410 can achieve the effect of outputting a valid voltage value, then the shift voltage value will inevitably not always be less than the subtracted voltage value provided by the minuend power supply. In other words, there must be a shift voltage value corresponding to a certain shift of the shift resistor 300 that is greater than the minuend voltage value. In other words, the voltage value corresponding to the first power supply 100 providing voltage to the shift resistor 300 at this time must be greater than the subtracted voltage value corresponding to the minuend power supply. In some embodiments, the minuend power supply can be a 3.3V power supply, and the first power supply 100 can be a 5V power supply commonly used in the control circuit 500.

[0037] In some embodiments, the subtractor 410 may further include a first threshold port connected to the second power supply 600. The subtractor 410 may be configured to use the difference between the shift voltage value and the subtracted voltage value as the output voltage value at the output terminal of the subtractor 410 when the shift voltage value is greater than the subtracted voltage value and the difference between the shift voltage value and the subtracted voltage value is less than the second voltage value corresponding to the second power supply 600; if the difference is greater than or equal to the second voltage value, the output voltage value output by the subtractor 410 is the second voltage value, rather than the difference between the shift voltage value and the subtracted voltage value. In some embodiments, if the op amp in the subtractor 410 is a non-rail-to-rail op amp, then in order to account for the impact of the non-rail-to-rail op amp characteristics, the second voltage value may be greater than the maximum voltage value of 3.3V that the control circuit 500 can detect. It is understandable that if the op amp is not rail-to-rail, the maximum output voltage of the op amp is always less than the second voltage corresponding to the first threshold port. Therefore, in order for the output voltage of the subtractor 410 to reach the maximum voltage of 3.3V within the detection range of the control circuit 500, the second voltage must be greater than 3.3V. Of course, if the op amp in the subtractor 410 is a rail-to-rail op amp, based on the characteristics of the rail-to-rail op amp, the output voltage of the subtractor 410 can be infinitely close to the second voltage, so the second voltage can be directly set to 3.3V.

[0038] In some embodiments, the follower 420 may further include a power reference port, which is grounded. It is understood that the follower 420 can only make the output voltage follow the shift voltage value of the input terminal when the power reference port is grounded.

[0039] In some embodiments, the follower 420 may further include a second threshold port, which may be connected to the third power supply 700, wherein the third power supply 700 and the second power supply 600 may be the same power supply or different power supplies. The follower 420 may control the output voltage value to change with the change of the gear voltage value when the gear voltage value is less than the third voltage value provided by the third power supply 700; and control the output voltage value to be the third voltage value and no longer change with the change of the gear voltage value when the gear voltage value is greater than or equal to the third voltage value. Similar to the subtractor 410, if the op amp in the follower 420 is a non-rail-to-rail op amp, then the third voltage value corresponding to the second threshold port may be set to be greater than the maximum voltage value of 3.3V that the control circuit 500 can detect, so as to cover the impact of the non-rail-to-rail op amp characteristics; if the op amp in the follower 420 is a rail-to-rail op amp, then the third voltage value may be directly set to 3.3V.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 500 is configured to obtain the output voltage values ​​of the subtractor 410 and the output voltage values ​​of the follower 420 through at least two voltage sampling ports, respectively, and determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor 300 based on a predetermined first correspondence. The first correspondence includes the correspondence between different gear values ​​and the corresponding output voltage values ​​of the subtractor 410 and the follower 420. That is, when the gear resistor 300 is at a specific gear value, the control circuit 500 can obtain the output voltage values ​​of the subtractor 410 and the follower 420. It is understandable that the first correspondence can be obtained in advance through experiments.

[0041] In some embodiments, the control circuit 500 may use two ADC pins on the controller as voltage sampling ports, which are respectively connected to the output end of the subtractor 410 and the output end of the follower 420 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the first correspondence can be achieved by Figure 2 The circuit diagram in FIG is simulated, where the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 corresponding to each gear value can be predetermined. Then, in the simulation circuit, when the gear resistor 300 is set to the first gear value, i.e., 300Ω, the output voltage of the follower 420 can be obtained to be 0.832V, and the output voltage of the subtractor 410 can be obtained to be 0V; when the gear resistor 300 is set to the second gear value, i.e., 560Ω, the output voltage of the follower 420 can be obtained to be 1.3567V, and the output voltage of the subtractor 410 can be obtained to be 0V. Thus, by sequentially setting the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 to 1KΩ, 1.8KΩ, 3KΩ, 5.6KΩ, and 12KΩ, a first corresponding relationship between the output voltage values ​​of the subtractor 410 and the follower 420 and the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 can be obtained as shown in the following table:

[0043]

[0044] As can be seen from the above table, the output voltage value of follower 420 can change with changes in the gear voltage value when it is less than the first critical voltage value. However, if the gear voltage value exceeds the first critical voltage value, then follower 420 can only output a fixed voltage value. Subtractor 410 always outputs a 0V voltage when the gear voltage value is less than the second critical voltage value. Only when the gear voltage value exceeds the second critical voltage value will the output voltage value be controlled to change with changes in the gear voltage value. If the control circuit 500 sets the first critical voltage value corresponding to follower 420 and the second critical voltage value corresponding to subtractor 410 to the same voltage value, then the control circuit 500 can determine the gear voltage value by the sum of the output voltage value of follower 420 and the output voltage value of subtractor 410.

[0045] Obviously, the follower 420 can be considered as being able to detect the first six gears of the gear resistor 300, and the subtractor 410 can be considered as being able to detect the remaining three gears of the gear resistor 300. In this case, even though the output voltage values ​​of the follower 420 and the subtractor 410 can only vary between 0V and 3.3V, since the number of gears that the follower 420 and the subtractor 410 need to detect is reduced, the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to adjacent gears can be set to be larger, and the control circuit 500 can more accurately identify the gear voltage value and determine the gear value of the gear resistor 300.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the minuend input terminal of the subtractor 410 can be connected to the minuend power supply via a first resistor R1, the subtrahend input terminal of the subtractor 410 can be connected between the voltage divider resistor 200 and the connector via a second resistor R2, the subtrahend input terminal can also be grounded via a third resistor R3, and the output terminal of the subtractor 410 can be connected to the minuend input terminal via a fourth resistor R4. The power reference port of the follower 420 can be grounded via a fifth resistor R5, the input terminal of the follower 420 can be connected between the voltage divider resistor 200 and the connector via a sixth resistor R6, the input terminal of the follower 420 can also be grounded via a seventh resistor R7, and the output terminal of the follower 420 can be connected to the power reference port via an eighth resistor R8. In order to reduce the influence of the first resistor R1 to the eighth resistor R8 on the detection of the shift voltage value of the shift resistor 300, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 can be set to the same resistance value, and the resistance value can be much greater than the resistance value of the shift resistor 300. Specifically, the resistance value of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 can be greater than 15 times the resistance value of the shift resistor 300, for example, a resistance value of 220K.

[0047] In some embodiments, the output end of the subtractor 410 may be further connected to a voltage sampling port of the control circuit 500 via a ninth resistor R9, and the output end of the follower 420 may be further connected to another voltage sampling port of the control circuit 500 via a tenth resistor R10. The ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 may function as current limiters, and a resistor with a resistance of 1K may be typically selected.

[0048] In some embodiments, in order to make the gear voltage value corresponding to each gear of the gear resistor 300 as evenly distributed as possible within the voltage range, the resistance of the voltage divider resistor 200 can be determined based on information such as the number of gears and the voltage range. Specifically, if the gear resistor 300 currently has seven different gears, plus the two gears that need to be identified as grounded and connected to the power supply, the control circuit 500 needs to identify a total of nine gears. If the voltage value V1 of the first power supply 100 is 5V, then the voltage range corresponding to each gear of the gear resistor 300 is 5V / 9≈0.56V. Assuming that the corresponding resistance value of the gear resistor 300 when it is in the first gear is RX1, where RX1=300Ω, the resistance R of the voltage divider resistor 200 can be calculated using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, V2 can be the third voltage value corresponding to the third power supply 700 connected to the second threshold port. After calculation, R≈1.4679K can be obtained. Under normal circumstances, a resistance value of 1.5K can be taken as the resistance R of the voltage divider resistor 200. It is worth noting that for the selection of the resistance value of the voltage divider resistor 200, not only is it necessary to make the gear voltage value corresponding to each gear value uniformly distributed based on the above formula, but it is also necessary to consider whether the output voltage value corresponding to the first gear that can be identified by the subtractor 410 is appropriate. The output voltage value corresponding to the first gear identified by the subtractor 410 can be obtained by the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, V3 can be the second voltage value corresponding to the second power supply 600 connected to the first threshold port, RX6 is the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 when it is in the sixth gear, and RX6 can be set to 5.6KΩ. V1 is the voltage value corresponding to the first power supply 100, which can be 5V. If the voltage divider resistor 200 is set to R = 1.5K, it can be calculated that VOUT_6 ≈ 0.64366V. Compared with the case where the first power supply 100 is 5V, the difference between adjacent gear voltage values ​​is 5V / 9 ≈ 0.56V, which is relatively reasonable. Therefore, the voltage divider resistor 200 can be set to a resistance value of 1.5K.

[0053] like Figure 3As shown, the at least two voltage operation circuits 400 include: at least two comparators 430, the voltage input terminal to be compared of each comparator 430 is connected between the voltage divider resistor 200 and the connector, the reference voltage input terminal of each comparator 430 is connected to the reference voltage providing circuit, and the output terminal of each comparator 430 is connected to the control circuit 500, wherein the reference voltage providing circuits of different comparators 430 provide different reference voltage values; the control circuit 500 is used to: determine the gear value based on the at least two comparison voltage values ​​output by the at least two comparators 430.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, the at least two voltage calculation circuits 400 include at least two comparators 430. Each comparator 430 is configured to obtain a shift voltage value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 via a voltage-to-be-compared input terminal and to obtain a reference voltage value provided by a reference voltage providing circuit via a reference voltage input terminal. Furthermore, each comparator 430 is configured to control an output voltage value outputted by an output terminal to be a first output voltage value when the obtained shift voltage value is less than the reference voltage value, and to control an output voltage value outputted by the output terminal to be a second output voltage value when the shift voltage value is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value. The first output voltage value is different from the second output voltage value, thereby enabling the control circuit 500 to determine the shift value corresponding to the shift resistor 300 based on the output voltage value outputted by each of the at least two comparators 430.

[0055] In some embodiments, the comparator 430 may further include a third threshold port and a fourth threshold port, wherein the third threshold port is connected to the fourth power supply 800 and the fourth threshold port is grounded. The comparator 430 may be configured to use the fourth voltage value provided by the fourth power supply 800 as the first output voltage value when the acquired shift voltage value is less than the reference voltage value; and to use 0V as the second output voltage value when the shift voltage value is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value. The fourth voltage value provided by the fourth power supply 800 is necessarily less than the upper limit of the voltage range detectable by the control circuit 500, thereby preventing damage to the control circuit 500 caused by an excessively large fourth voltage value.

[0056] In some embodiments, each comparator 430 obtains a different reference voltage value through its reference voltage input terminal. These reference voltage values ​​can be arranged in order of magnitude, wherein the difference between two adjacent reference voltage values ​​can be between 0.5V and 0.6V, and the difference between any two adjacent reference voltage values ​​is the same. This allows the shift voltages corresponding to different shift values ​​of the shift resistor 300 to be distributed as evenly as possible within the voltage range, avoiding shift value detection errors caused by too small differences between adjacent shift voltage values.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 500 is configured to obtain the output voltage value of each comparator 430 via at least two voltage sampling ports. The output voltage value of each comparator 430 may be either a first output voltage value or a second output voltage value. The control circuit 500 may determine the corresponding shift value of the shift resistor 300 based on the at least two output voltage values ​​and a predetermined second correspondence relationship. The second correspondence relationship includes a correspondence between different shift values ​​and the output voltage value of each comparator 430, where the output voltage value may be either the first output voltage value or the second output voltage value. That is, when the shift resistor 300 is at a specific shift value, the control circuit 500 may obtain the actual output voltage value of each comparator 430 from the voltage sampling ports, and then find the resistance value of the shift resistor 300 corresponding to these actual output voltage values ​​in the second correspondence relationship, thereby determining the shift value of the shift resistor 300. It will be appreciated that the second correspondence relationship can be obtained in advance through experimentation.

[0058] In some embodiments, the second correspondence can be obtained by Figure 4 The circuit diagram shown is simulated, wherein the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 corresponding to each gear value can be predetermined. Then, in the simulation circuit, when the gear resistor 300 is set to the first gear value, i.e., 300Ω, the output voltage values ​​of each comparator 430 are: 0V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V; when the gear resistor 300 is set to the second gear value, i.e., 560Ω, the output voltage values ​​of each comparator 430 are: 0V, 0V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V, 3.3V. Obviously, when the gear resistor 300 has different gear values, the output voltage value of the comparator 430 is different. Therefore, the gear resistor 300 can be set to 300Ω, 560Ω, 1KΩ, 1.8KΩ, 3KΩ, 5.6KΩ and 12KΩ in the simulation circuit, and the second corresponding relationship between the output voltage value of each comparator 430 and the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 is obtained as shown in the following table:

[0059]

[0060] It can be seen that since the output voltage value output by each comparator 430 has only two possible values, and the control circuit 500 needs to detect a large number of gear positions corresponding to the gear resistor 300, the gear detection circuit 10 needs to be equipped with a greater number of comparators 430 than the number of gear positions to be detected. Only then can the control circuit 500 determine the gear position corresponding to the gear resistor 300 based on the output voltage value output by each comparator 430. As shown in the table above, the gear position corresponding to the gear resistor 300 to be detected is 7. Therefore, the gear detection circuit 10 needs to be equipped with at least 8 comparators 430, and a different reference voltage value is provided to the reference voltage input terminal of each of the 8 comparators 430. In this way, the control circuit 500 can obtain the above-mentioned second corresponding relationship and, further, determine the gear position corresponding to the gear resistor 300 based on the output voltage value output by each comparator 430.

[0061] In some embodiments, since the output results of each comparator 430 only have two situations, the control circuit 500 only needs to distinguish between two different voltage values. Therefore, the output end of each comparator 430 can be a logic circuit output end, connected to the logic voltage input end of the control circuit 500, that is, the GPIO port. The control circuit 500 can distinguish whether the acquired level signal is a high-level signal or a low-level signal through the GPIO port. Since the control circuit 500 does not need to identify the specific voltage value output by the comparator 430, that is, the control circuit 500 does not need to be connected to the output end of the comparator 430 through the ADC port, thereby freeing up the fewer ADC port resources in the control circuit 500. Of course, when the ADC port resources in the control circuit 500 are relatively idle, the output end of the comparator 430 can also be connected to the ADC port in the control circuit 500 to achieve more accurate signal recognition.

[0062] In some embodiments, please refer again to Figure 3The reference voltage supply circuit connected to the reference voltage input terminal of each comparator 430 may include a fifth power supply 900, an eleventh resistor R11, and a twelfth resistor R12. The resistance value of the eleventh resistor R11 in the reference voltage supply circuits of different comparators 430 is different, and the resistance value of the twelfth resistor R12 in the reference voltage supply circuits of different comparators 430 is also different. Each comparator 430 may divide the fifth voltage value corresponding to the fifth power supply 900 using the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12, which are different from those of the other comparators 430, and use the divided voltage value as the reference voltage value input to the reference voltage input terminal of the comparator 430. Obviously, since the resistance values ​​of the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 corresponding to each comparator 430 are different from those of other comparators 430, the reference voltage values ​​obtained by each comparator 430 through the reference voltage input terminal are also different. Therefore, each comparator 430 can output the first output voltage value or the second output voltage value based on the same gear voltage value and different reference voltage values.

[0063] It will be appreciated that for each comparator 430, if the shift voltage value is less than the reference voltage value, a first output voltage value, i.e., a high-level voltage, is output; if the shift resistor 300 is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value, a second output voltage value, i.e., a low-level voltage, is output. In other words, given the same shift voltage value, the output voltage value of each comparator 430 is determined by the reference voltage value, and the magnitude of the reference voltage value is determined by the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 corresponding to each comparator 430. In other words, the output voltage threshold of each comparator 430 can be determined by the resistance values ​​of the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12.

[0064] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the gear detection circuit may include 8 different comparators 430. The resistance value of the eleventh resistor R11 in each comparator 430 is different, and the resistance value of the twelfth resistor R12 is also different. Therefore, the reference voltage value obtained by each comparator 430 from the reference voltage input terminal is also different. Each comparator 430 can determine whether to output the first output voltage value or the second output voltage value based on the gear voltage value corresponding to the same gear resistor 300 and different reference voltage values. Figure 4The determination of the resistance values ​​of the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 corresponding to each comparator 430 should also take into account the accuracy variations of the gear resistor 300 to be detected. For example, under ideal conditions, when the gear resistor 300 is in the first gear value, its corresponding resistance value is 300Ω. However, in reality, the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 may fluctuate by 5%. Therefore, when determining the resistance value of the twelfth resistor R12 corresponding to each comparator 430, the resistance accuracy threshold of the gear resistor 300 at each gear value should also be considered. This ensures that regardless of how the resistance value of the gear resistor 300 to be detected varies within the accuracy threshold, its resistance value will fall within the judgment threshold of a particular comparator 430, and the corresponding gear value can be accurately identified by the control circuit 500. Of course, the determination of the resistance value of the twelfth resistor R12 may also take into account the influence of other factors such as the offset voltage of the operational amplifier.

[0065] Specifically, if Figure 4 In the first comparator 430, the resistance value of the twelfth resistor R121 can be set to R121=RX1-RD1, where RX1 is the resistance value corresponding to the first gear value of the gear resistor 300, which can be 300Ω, and RD1 is the accuracy threshold corresponding to the first gear value of the gear resistor 300, which can be estimated as 5%×RX1, then R121=300-100=200Ω; for example, in Figure 4 In the second comparator 430, it can be determined according to R122=RX2-RD2=500-100=400Ω, where the accuracy threshold corresponding to the second gear value is 1%, RX2=500Ω; similarly, R123=RX3-RD3=1K-100=900Ω, R124=RX4-RD4=1.8K-200=1.6KΩ, R125=RX5-RD5=3K-300=2.7KΩ, R126=RX6-RD6=5.6K-400=5.2KΩ, R127=RX7-RD7=12K-1K=11KΩ, R128=RX8+RD8=12K+1K=13KΩ. The resistor R128 in the eighth comparator 430 is used to detect whether the resistance of the gear resistor 300 exceeds the judgment threshold, whether the impedance to ground is too large, or whether it is short-circuited to the power supply. In some embodiments, the resistance of the eleventh resistor R11 and the voltage divider resistor 200 corresponding to each comparator 430 can be set to the same value. For ease of calculation, the resistance value corresponding to the middle gear value among all gear values ​​corresponding to the gear resistor 300 to be tested can be selected, such as 1.8 kΩ.

[0066] In some embodiments, the output of each comparator 430 may be connected to a voltage sampling port in the control circuit 500 via a thirteenth resistor R13. The thirteenth resistor R13 may function as a current limiter and may typically be a 1K resistor.

[0067] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the gear resistor 300 can be composed of a seven-choice selector switch and multiple resistors with different resistance values. When the user sets the vehicle to different gear values, the selector switch can connect the path between the corresponding resistor and other circuits, so that the gear detection circuit can determine the gear position of the vehicle based on the detected resistance value of the gear resistor 300.

[0068] To summarize, the gear detection circuit 10 provided in the present application includes a first power supply 100, wherein the first end of the first power supply 100 is grounded; a voltage divider resistor 200, wherein the first end of the voltage divider resistor 200 is connected in series to the second end of the first power supply 100, and the second end of the voltage divider resistor 200 is connected to a connector for connecting a gear resistor 300; at least two voltage operation circuits 400, wherein an input end of each voltage operation circuit 400 is connected between the voltage divider resistor 200 and the connector, and each voltage operation circuit 400 is used to calculate the gear voltage value of the gear resistor 300 into an output voltage value according to the operation rules of the voltage operation circuit 400; a control circuit 500, including at least two voltage sampling ports, each of the voltage sampling ports is connected to the output end of one of the voltage operation circuits 400, and the control circuit 500 is used to determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor 300 based on the output voltage value output by each of the voltage operation circuits 400. The gear voltage value of the gear resistor 300 is calculated into an output voltage value according to different calculation rules through at least two voltage calculation circuits 400. Therefore, the control circuit 500 can determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor 300 based on the at least two output voltage values ​​and the correspondence between the gear resistor 300 and the at least two output voltage values ​​at different gear values. This can expand the difference between the gear voltage values ​​corresponding to two adjacent gear values, thereby improving the accuracy of gear detection.

[0069] Another embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle 20, such as Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle 20 includes a vehicle body 201, a multi-gear component comprising at least two gear resistors 300, and a gear detection circuit 10 as in the above embodiment. The at least two gear resistors 300 and the gear detection circuit 10 are arranged in the vehicle body 201. The at least two gear resistors 300 correspond to different gear values ​​of the multi-gear component, and the multi-gear component is, for example, a wiper.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A gear detection circuit, characterized in that: The circuit comprises: a first power supply, wherein a first terminal of the first power supply is grounded; a voltage-dividing resistor, wherein a first end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected in series to the second end of the first power supply, and a second end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to a connector for connecting a gear resistor; At least two voltage operation circuits, one input end of each voltage operation circuit is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, and each voltage operation circuit is used to calculate the gear voltage value of the gear resistor into an output voltage value according to the operation rules of the voltage operation circuit; The control circuit includes at least two voltage sampling ports, each of which is connected to an output end of the voltage operation circuit. The control circuit is used to determine the gear value corresponding to the gear resistor based on the output voltage value output by each voltage operation circuit.

2. The gear position detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The at least two voltage operation circuits include: a subtractor and a follower; The subtrahend input terminal of the subtractor is connected between the voltage divider resistor and the connector, the minuend input terminal of the subtractor is connected to a minuend power supply, the minuend voltage value provided by the minuend power supply is lower than the voltage value provided by the first power supply, and the output terminal of the subtractor is connected to the control circuit; The input end of the follower is connected between the voltage-dividing resistor and the connector, and the output end of the follower is connected to the control circuit; The control circuit is used to determine the shift value of the shift resistor based on the output voltage value of the subtractor and the output voltage value of the follower.

3. The gear position detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The control circuit is used to: Determining a first corresponding relationship between an output voltage value of the subtractor, an output voltage value of the follower, and a gear value; The shift value corresponding to the shift resistor is obtained by searching the first corresponding relationship based on the output voltage value of the subtractor and the output voltage value of the follower.

4. The gear detection circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: The voltage provided by the first power supply is 5V, and the subtracted voltage is 3.3V; and / or The subtractor and the follower include a plurality of resistors, wherein the resistance values ​​of the plurality of resistors are the same and the resistance values ​​of the plurality of resistors are greater than 15 times the resistance value of the gear resistor.

5. The gear position detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The at least two voltage operation circuits include: at least two comparators, wherein a voltage input terminal to be compared of each comparator is connected between the voltage dividing resistor and the connector, a reference voltage input terminal of each comparator is connected to a reference voltage providing circuit, and an output terminal of each comparator is connected to the control circuit, wherein the reference voltage providing circuits of different comparators provide different reference voltage values; The control circuit is used to determine the gear value based on at least two output voltage values ​​output by the at least two comparators.

6. The gear position detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control circuit is used to: determining a second correspondence between at least two comparison voltage values ​​and gear values; The shift value corresponding to the shift resistor is obtained by searching the second corresponding relationship based on the at least two comparison voltage values ​​output by the at least two comparators.

7. The gear position detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output end of each comparator of the at least two comparators is a logic circuit output end, and the number of the at least two comparators is not less than the number of gears to be detected.

8. The gear detection circuit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The difference between every two adjacent reference voltage values ​​is equal to 0.5V~0.6V; and / or, The difference between every two adjacent reference voltage values ​​is equal.

9. The gear detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-7, characterized in that: The voltage value provided by the first power supply is 5V, and the voltage value provided by the control circuit is 3.3V.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle body, a multi-gear component including at least two gear resistors, and a gear detection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least two gear resistors and the gear detection circuit are arranged in the vehicle body, and the at least two gear resistors correspond to different gear values ​​of the multi-gear component.

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