Optical system gain calibration method and apparatus

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an optical system gain calibration method and device, wherein the method obtains the low-angle value corresponding to the target particle corresponding to the pulse signal with the front peak width in the first preset range, the rear peak width in the second preset range and the full peak width in the third preset range, obtains the target low-angle histogram, can remove the influence of blood shadow first, can guarantee the accuracy and stability of subsequent gain calculation, secondly, the low-angle histogram is obtained according to the middle-angle histogram, can avoid that all particle groups cannot be recognized, furthermore, since the low-angle scattered light can reflect the size of the cell, the middle-angle scattered light can reflect the internal fine structure and particulate matter of the cell, the histogram is generated by combining the low-angle value, the middle-angle value and the high-angle value of the particle, the property characteristics of the measured substance can be more comprehensively reflected, and the accuracy of the determination of the optical system gain is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical system technology, and in particular to an optical system gain calibration method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, optical system gain calibration does not differentiate between detected materials; all detected materials are calculated using the same algorithm and calculation process to determine their center of gravity. However, some detected materials contain only one cluster of particles, while others contain at least two clusters. Since the properties of materials containing one cluster differ from those containing at least two clusters, using the same algorithm and calculation process to calculate the center of gravity for materials containing at least two clusters will lead to inconsistencies in the number of identified particle clusters, causing errors in the gain calibration calculation. Gain calibration, in this context, refers to determining the gain of the optical system.

[0003] Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of calibration gain for substances containing at least two clusters of particles, there is an urgent need for a method for optical system gain calibration for detection substances containing at least two clusters of particles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an optical system gain calibration method and apparatus that can solve the problem of low accuracy in optical system gain calibration in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides an optical system gain calibration method, the method comprising:

[0006] Under the preset gain of the optical system, the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system is acquired, wherein the substance to be tested is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles.

[0007] The scattered light is converted into a pulse signal, and the particles corresponding to the pulse signals with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range are obtained to obtain the target particles. Based on the low angle value of the target particles, the first data is obtained; the first data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0008] The second data is obtained based on the median angle value of the particle corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data. A histogram is generated based on the second data to obtain the median angle histogram. A low angle histogram is obtained based on the median angle histogram, and a high angle histogram is obtained based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0009] Based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram, the gain corresponding to the substance under test is calculated to obtain the calibration gain; it is determined whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is changed, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned low-angle histogram includes a first target histogram and a second target histogram. Obtaining the low-angle histogram based on the mid-angle histogram includes: identifying the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram; obtaining the first peak values ​​corresponding to the N particle clusters contained in the analyte; obtaining the N abscissas corresponding to the first peak values ​​and sorting them from smallest to largest to obtain N first abscissas; constructing an interval between the nth abscissa and the (n+1)th abscissa to obtain a first interval, where n ranges from 1 to N-1; obtaining the abscissa corresponding to the smallest ordinate value of the mid-angle histogram within the first interval to obtain a second abscissa; and obtaining the peak value corresponding to the nth abscissa. The minimum ordinate of the left boundary is used to obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary, resulting in the third x-coordinate. The minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th x-coordinate is then obtained, along with the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary, resulting in the fourth x-coordinate. Third data is obtained based on the low angle values ​​of particles within the second interval, where the second interval is composed of the second and third x-coordinates. A histogram is generated based on the third data to obtain the first target histogram. Fourth data is obtained based on the low angle values ​​of particles within the third interval, and a histogram is generated based on the fourth data to obtain the second target histogram. The third interval is composed of the second and fourth x-coordinates.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, obtaining the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa includes: if n = 1, calculating the slope corresponding to all first candidate ordinates in the median histogram; if there is a slope of 0, determining the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; if there is no slope of 0, determining the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the smallest slope as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; wherein, the first candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa less than the nth abscissa; if n > 1, determining the minimum ordinate of the median histogram within the fourth interval as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; wherein, the fourth interval is composed of the nth abscissa and the (n-1)th abscissa.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, obtaining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa includes: if n+1 = N, calculating the slope corresponding to all second candidate ordinates in the median histogram; if there is a slope of 0, determining the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa; wherein, the second candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa greater than the (n+1)th abscissa; if n+1 < N, determining the minimum ordinate of the median histogram within the fifth interval as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa; wherein, the fifth interval is composed of the (n+1)th abscissa and the (n+2)th abscissa.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned high-angle histogram includes a first high-angle histogram and a second high-angle histogram. The step of obtaining the high-angle histogram based on the low-angle histogram includes: obtaining the maximum peak value in the first target histogram to obtain a first peak value; determining the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the first target abscissa; determining the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the second target abscissa; obtaining fifth data based on the high-angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the sixth interval; generating a histogram based on the fifth data to obtain the first high-angle histogram. An angle histogram is generated, wherein the sixth interval is composed of the first target x-coordinate and the second target x-coordinate; the maximum peak value in the second target histogram is obtained to obtain the second peak value; the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value is determined as the third target x-coordinate; the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value is determined as the fourth target x-coordinate; the sixth data is obtained based on the high angle values ​​of particles with medium angle values ​​in the second interval and low angle values ​​in the seventh interval; a histogram is generated based on the sixth data to obtain the second high angle histogram, wherein the seventh interval is composed of the third target x-coordinate and the fourth target x-coordinate.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned preset gain includes a first preset gain and a second preset gain. The step of calculating the gain corresponding to the analyte based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain includes: calculating the centroid of the mid-angle histogram to obtain a first centroid; calculating the low-angle histogram to obtain a second centroid; and calculating the centroid of the high-angle histogram to obtain a third centroid. Based on the first, second, and third centroids corresponding to the analyte under the first preset gain and the second preset gain, the gain corresponding to the analyte is calculated to obtain the calibration gain.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the above-mentioned calculation of the centroid of the mid-angle histogram to obtain a first centroid, calculation of the low-angle histogram to obtain a second centroid, and calculation of the centroid of the high-angle histogram to obtain a third centroid include: obtaining the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram to obtain N first values; arbitrarily selecting one of the N first values ​​to obtain a first target value; calculating the product of the first target value and a preset multiple to obtain a first target value; wherein the preset multiple is greater than 0 and less than 1; obtaining the abscissa corresponding to the first target value to obtain a first coordinate and a second coordinate; calculating the centroid of the mid-angle histogram based on the first coordinate and the second coordinate to obtain the first centroid; obtaining the peak values ​​of the low-angle histogram to obtain N... For the second target value, arbitrarily select one of the N second target values ​​to obtain the second target value. Calculate the product of the second target value and a preset multiple to obtain the second target value. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the second target value to obtain the third and fourth coordinates. Based on the third and fourth coordinates, calculate the centroid of the low-angle histogram to obtain the second centroid. Obtain the peak value of the high-angle histogram to obtain N third values. Arbitrarily select one of the N third values ​​to obtain the third target value. Calculate the product of the third target value and a preset multiple to obtain the third target value. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the third target value to obtain the fifth and sixth coordinates. Based on the fifth and sixth coordinates, calculate the centroid of the second low-angle histogram to obtain the third centroid.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned calibration gain includes a first calibration gain, a second calibration gain, and a third calibration gain. The step of calculating the gain corresponding to the analyte based on the first, second, and third centroids corresponding to the analyte under the first preset gain, and the first, second, and third centroids corresponding to the analyte under the second preset gain, to obtain the calibration gain, includes: calculating the first calibration gain based on the first centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the first centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and a standard value for the first centroid; calculating the second calibration gain based on the second centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the second centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and a standard value for the second centroid; and calculating the third calibration gain based on the third centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and a standard value for the third centroid.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the determination of whether the calibration gain is within a preset range, and if the calibration gain is within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be invalid, includes: determining whether the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within the preset range; if the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are not all within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be invalid.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides an optical system gain calibration apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

[0019] Irradiation module: used to acquire the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system, wherein the substance under test is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles;

[0020] First module: used to convert the scattered light into a pulse signal, obtain the particles corresponding to the pulse signal with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range, obtain the target particles, and obtain first data based on the low angle value of the target particles; the first data includes the particle volume;

[0021] The second module is used to obtain second data based on the median angle value of the particles corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data, generate a histogram based on the second data, obtain a median angle histogram, obtain a low angle histogram based on the median angle histogram, and obtain a high angle histogram based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0022] The calibration module is used to calculate the gain corresponding to the substance under test based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain; determine whether the calibration gain is within a preset range; if the calibration gain is within the preset range, determine that the calibration gain is the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, change the preset gain of the optical system and return to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0023] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the following steps:

[0024] Under the preset gain of the optical system, the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system is acquired, wherein the substance to be tested is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles.

[0025] The scattered light is converted into a pulse signal, and the particles corresponding to the pulse signals with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range are obtained to obtain the target particles. Based on the low angle value of the target particles, the first data is obtained; the first data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0026] The second data is obtained based on the median angle value of the particle corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data. A histogram is generated based on the second data to obtain the median angle histogram. A low angle histogram is obtained based on the median angle histogram, and a high angle histogram is obtained based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0027] Based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram, the gain corresponding to the substance under test is calculated to obtain the calibration gain; it is determined whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is changed, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0028] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the following steps:

[0029] Under the preset gain of the optical system, the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system is acquired, wherein the substance to be tested is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles.

[0030] The scattered light is converted into a pulse signal, and the particles corresponding to the pulse signals with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range are obtained to obtain the target particles. Based on the low angle value of the target particles, the first data is obtained; the first data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0031] The second data is obtained based on the median angle value of the particle corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data. A histogram is generated based on the second data to obtain the median angle histogram. A low angle histogram is obtained based on the median angle histogram, and a high angle histogram is obtained based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0032] Based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram, the gain corresponding to the substance under test is calculated to obtain the calibration gain; it is determined whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is changed, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] This invention provides an optical system gain calibration method. By acquiring the low-angle values ​​corresponding to the target particles of pulse signals with a front peak width within a first preset range, a rear peak width within a second preset range, and a total peak width within a third preset range, a target low-angle histogram is obtained. This method can first remove the influence of blood shadows, ensuring the accuracy and stability of subsequent gain calculations. Furthermore, since low-angle scattered light can reflect cell size, and mid-angle scattered light can reflect the fine internal structure and particulate matter of cells, by combining the low-angle, mid-angle, and high-angle values ​​of the particles to generate a histogram, the properties and characteristics of the substance under test can be more comprehensively reflected, thereby improving the accuracy of optical system gain determination. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] in:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the detection principle of a detection substance in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optical system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an optical system gain calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a low-angle histogram corresponding to the test substance containing a cluster of particles in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a low-angle histogram corresponding to the test substance containing two clusters of particles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an optical system gain calibration device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] This invention provides an optical system gain calibration method, which is mainly used to calibrate the gain of an optical system by using a substance containing two particles as the detection substance. It is applicable to any optical system gain calibration scenario.

[0046] To better illustrate the method of this invention, the principle of the optical system is described below, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the detection principle of a detection substance, wherein the detection substance refers to the substance to be detected. The detection substance can be a standard particle, calibrator, quality control material, blood sample, etc. The standard particle and calibrator are substances containing one particle cluster, while the quality control material and blood sample are substances containing two particle clusters, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a certain amount of the detection substance (i.e., Figure 1The sample is injected through a nozzle into a conical flow chamber filled with diluent. Enveloped by the sheath fluid, individual cells pass through the center of the flow chamber. After being accelerated twice, the cells are irradiated by the laser beam when passing through the laser detection zone, generating scattered light. Particles can be detected by the scattered light. The properties of the scattered light are related to the cell size, the refractive index of the cell membrane, and the internal structure of the cell. Therefore, based on the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the cells pass through the laser detection zone after being accelerated twice, the cell size, cell membrane, and internal structure of the cell can be well analyzed.

[0047] To better illustrate how cells in the flow chamber generate scattered light when irradiated by a laser beam, this application provides a schematic diagram of an optical system structure, referring to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of an optical system structure. The optical system includes a front light shaping section and a rear light scattering signal receiving section. The front light shaping section is used to emit a laser beam to the flow chamber section, and the rear light scattering signal receiving section is used to receive the scattered light signal. The rear light scattering signal receiving section may include the flow chamber section, an aperture, and a PD tube, etc. Cells in the flow chamber section, after undergoing secondary acceleration, are irradiated by the laser beam when passing through the laser detection area, generating scattered light. The scattered light reaches three regions: a forward low-angle region, a forward high-angle region, and a lateral region. The forward low-angle region is called the low angle, and the low-angle scattered light reflects the cell size. The forward high-angle region is called the medium angle, and the medium-angle scattered light reflects the fine internal structure and particulate matter of the cell. The lateral region is called the high angle, and the high-angle forward scattered light reflects the fine internal structure and particulate matter of the cell. The scattered light can be refracted to various regions, giving the particles in the scattered light low-angle, medium-angle, and high-angle values. The optical receiver receives these scattered light signals and converts them into electrical pulses. Based on the collected electrical pulse data, the scattered light signals are analyzed.

[0048] Based on the above principles, the present invention provides an optical system gain calibration method that can perform optical system gain calibration using a test material containing multiple particle clusters, as described above. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an optical system gain calibration method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S101: Under the preset gain of the optical system, acquire the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system.

[0050] The scattered light includes low-angle scattered light, medium-angle scattered light and high-angle scattered light. Since the embodiments of the present invention use a test substance containing multiple particle clusters for optical system gain calibration, the test substance is a substance containing at least two particle clusters, such as a quality control material, blood sample, etc.

[0051] The gain of the optical system is preset. For ease of description, the preset gain is referred to as the preset gain. In this embodiment, the preset gain includes a first preset gain and a second preset gain. The scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system is obtained under the first preset gain and the second preset gain, respectively.

[0052] Since a higher gain results in greater noise in the optical system, which affects the detection of the properties of scattered light, the gain is generally preset in the range of [0, 255] to minimize the negative impact of the gain while meeting user needs.

[0053] Step S102: Convert the scattered light into a pulse signal, obtain the particles corresponding to the pulse signal with the front peak width in a first preset range, the rear peak width in a second preset range, and the total peak width in a third preset range, obtain the target particles, and obtain the first data based on the low angle value of the target particles.

[0054] The scattered light obtained under the first preset gain and the second preset gain are processed as follows:

[0055] The scattered light contains particles of the substance to be measured. Based on the low-angle value of the particles, first data is obtained. This first data contains the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. A histogram is generated based on the first data to obtain the target low-angle histogram. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0056] In the data analysis, it was found that blood shadow particles are formed when red blood cells and platelets in the blood test solution are hemolyzed. Therefore, in order to prevent the particles generated by the histogram from containing blood shadow particles, which would cause errors between the obtained histogram and the actual histogram, this embodiment needs to remove blood shadow particles first.

[0057] To obtain the target low-angle histogram for removing blood shadow particles, specifically, an optical receiver receives these scattered light signals and converts them into electrical pulses. This conversion yields a pulse signal for each particle, containing the following information: front peak width, back peak width, and full peak width. Since the front peak width, back peak width, and full peak width of blood shadow particles are relatively small, a threshold can be designed to remove them during histogram generation. Specifically, the front peak width threshold is set to [V]. pri1 V pri2 ], that is, the first preset range is [Vpri1 V pri2 The threshold for the peak width is [V]. sub1 V sub2 ], that is, the second preset range is [V sub1 V sub2 The threshold for the full peak width is [V]. ful1 V ful2 ], that is, the third preset range is [V ful1 V ful2 The particle corresponding to the pulse signal with the front peak width in the first preset range, the rear peak width in the second preset range, and the full peak width in the third preset range is obtained to obtain the target particle. Based on the low angle value of the target particle, the first data is obtained. Based on the first data, a histogram is generated to obtain the target low angle histogram.

[0058] Step S103: Obtain second data based on the median angle value of the particle corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data; generate a histogram based on the second data to obtain a median angle histogram; obtain a low angle histogram based on the median angle histogram; and obtain a high angle histogram based on the low angle histogram.

[0059] The second set of data includes the correspondence between particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to that particle volume.

[0060] Step S104: Calculate the gain corresponding to the substance under test based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain; determine whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, determine that the calibration gain is the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, change the preset gain of the optical system and return to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0061] After obtaining the target low-angle histogram, the following processing is performed:

[0062] Obtain the particles corresponding to the volumes of all particles in the target low-angle histogram, that is, obtain the particles corresponding to the volumes of particles contained in the first data. Obtain the second data based on the median angle value of the particles corresponding to the volumes of particles contained in the first data. The second data includes the correspondence between particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. Generate a histogram based on the second data to obtain the median histogram. Obtain the low-angle histogram based on the median histogram.

[0063] The steps to obtain the second low-angle histogram from the middle angle histogram are as follows:

[0064] Step S201: Identify the peak value of the mid-angle histogram, obtain the first peak value corresponding to the N particles contained in the substance to be tested, obtain the N abscissas corresponding to the first peak values ​​and sort them from smallest to largest to obtain N first abscissas.

[0065] Step S202: The nth x-coordinate and the (n+1)th x-coordinate form an interval to obtain the first interval, where n takes the value from 1 to N-1.

[0066] Step S203: Obtain the abscissa corresponding to the smallest ordinate value of the mid-angle histogram in the first interval, and obtain the second abscissa.

[0067] Step S204: Obtain the minimum value of the ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa, obtain the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value of the ordinate of the left boundary, and obtain the third abscissa; obtain the minimum value of the ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa, obtain the abscissa corresponding to the minimum value of the ordinate of the right boundary, and obtain the fourth abscissa.

[0068] To identify the peak values ​​in a mid-angle histogram, it's important to note that one peak corresponds to one cluster of particles. If the substance being tested contains one cluster of particles, the histogram will have one peak value; if it contains two clusters, it will have two peak values, and so on. If the substance contains N clusters, the histogram will have N peak values. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a low-angle histogram corresponding to a test substance containing a cluster of particles, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a low-angle histogram corresponding to the test substance containing two clusters of particles, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] In this embodiment, the substance to be tested is a substance containing N clusters of particles, where N>1. By identifying the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram, N peak values ​​can be obtained, with each cluster of particles corresponding to one peak value. To better illustrate the scheme, this peak value is denoted as the first peak value.

[0070] Obtain the x-coordinate of the first peak value corresponding to two adjacent peaks in the mid-angle histogram; identify the trough value between two adjacent peaks in the mid-angle histogram; determine the x-coordinate of the lowest point of the left boundary of the preceding peak and the x-coordinate of the lowest point of the right boundary of the following peak, specifically:

[0071] Obtain the x-coordinates corresponding to the N first peak values ​​and sort them in ascending order to obtain N first x-coordinates. Form an interval between the nth and (n+1)th x-coordinates to obtain the first interval, where n ranges from 1 to N-1. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate value within the first interval in the mid-angle histogram to obtain the second x-coordinate, which is the trough value between the peak corresponding to the nth and (n+1)th x-coordinates in the mid-angle histogram. Obtain the minimum ordinate value of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth x-coordinate, and obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the left boundary to obtain the third x-coordinate, which is the x-coordinate corresponding to the lowest point of the left boundary. Obtain the minimum ordinate value of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th x-coordinate, and obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the right boundary to obtain the fourth x-coordinate, which is the x-coordinate corresponding to the lowest point of the right boundary.

[0072] For example, if N=2, meaning the substance to be tested contains two clusters of particles, then the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram M(X) are Vp and Vp, respectively. m1 Vp m2 The corresponding x-coordinates are P m1 P m2 And identify the trough value between two peak values, that is, in the mid-angle histogram M(X) [P m1 P m2 Find the minimum vertical coordinate within the interval, and denote the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the trough value as P. vd Find the lowest point on the left boundary of the first peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vleft Find the lowest point on the right boundary of the second peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vright .

[0073] The steps to obtain the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the wave peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate can be as follows:

[0074] Step S301: If n = 1, calculate the difference between the x-coordinates corresponding to all candidate ordinates of the first target and the nth x-coordinate. The candidate ordinate of the first target corresponding to the smallest difference is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth x-coordinate. If there is no slope of 0, the candidate ordinate of the first target corresponding to the smallest slope is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth x-coordinate.

[0075] The first candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the x-coordinate that is less than the nth x-coordinate.

[0076] Step S302: If n > 1, then the minimum ordinate of the median histogram in the fourth interval is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa.

[0077] The fourth interval is composed of the nth x-coordinate and the (n-1)th x-coordinate.

[0078] Since the peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate is the first peak, there may or may not be a trough to the left of the first peak. Therefore, the lowest point of the left boundary of the first peak can be determined in two cases. If there is a trough to the left of the first peak, the trough value is determined as the lowest point of the left boundary of the first peak. If there is no trough to the left of the first peak, the vertical coordinate with the smallest slope is selected from the vertical coordinates corresponding to the horizontal coordinates that are smaller than the first horizontal coordinate, and the vertical coordinate with the smallest slope is determined as the lowest point of the left boundary of the first peak.

[0079] Specifically, if n=1, the slope corresponding to the first candidate ordinate in the mid-angle histogram is calculated. The first candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the ordinate of the x-coordinate that is less than the nth x-coordinate. If there is a slope of 0 among the slopes corresponding to the first candidate ordinate, it means that there is a trough to the left of the first peak. Therefore, the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first x-coordinate. If there is no slope of 0, there is no trough to the left of the first peak. Therefore, the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the minimum slope is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first x-coordinate.

[0080] If n > 1, then there must be a trough between the peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate and the peak corresponding to the (n-1)th horizontal coordinate. Therefore, if n > 1, the minimum vertical coordinate of the median histogram in the fourth interval is determined as the minimum vertical coordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate. The fourth interval is composed of the nth horizontal coordinate and the (n-1)th horizontal coordinate.

[0081] The steps to obtain the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the (n+1)th abscissa peak are as follows:

[0082] Step S401: If n+1 = N, calculate the slope corresponding to all second candidate ordinates in the mid-angle histogram. If there is a slope of 0, determine the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa.

[0083] Among them, the second candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the ordinate of the x-coordinate that is greater than the (n+1)th x-coordinate.

[0084] Similarly, since the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th horizontal coordinate is the Nth peak (i.e., the last peak), there may or may not be a trough to the right of the Nth peak. Therefore, we can determine the lowest point of the right boundary of the Nth peak in two cases: if there is a trough to the right of the Nth peak, then the trough value of that trough is determined as the lowest point of the right boundary of the Nth peak; if there is no trough to the right of the Nth peak, then we select the ordinate with the smallest slope from the ordinates corresponding to the horizontal coordinates greater than the Nth horizontal coordinate, and determine the lowest point of the right boundary of the Nth peak.

[0085] Specifically, if n+1 = N, the slope corresponding to the second candidate ordinate in the mid-angle histogram is calculated. The second candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the x-coordinate that is greater than the (n+1)th x-coordinate. If there is a slope of 0 among the slopes corresponding to the second candidate ordinate, it means that there is a trough to the right of the Nth peak. Therefore, the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 is determined as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the Nth x-coordinate. If there is no slope of 0, there is no trough to the right of the Nth peak. Therefore, the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the minimum slope is determined as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the Nth x-coordinate.

[0086] Step S402: If n+1 < N, then the minimum ordinate of the median histogram in the fifth interval is determined as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa.

[0087] The fifth interval is composed of the (n+1)th x-coordinate and the (n+2)th x-coordinate.

[0088] If n+1 < N, then there must be a trough between the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th horizontal coordinate and the peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate. Therefore, if n+1 < N, then the minimum vertical coordinate of the median histogram in the fourth interval is determined as the minimum vertical coordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate. The fourth interval is composed of the nth horizontal coordinate and the (n-1)th horizontal coordinate.

[0089] After obtaining the second, third, and fourth coordinates, proceed to step S205:

[0090] Step S205: Obtain third data based on the low angle value of the particles in the second interval according to the median angle value. The second interval is composed of the second horizontal coordinate and the third horizontal coordinate. Generate a histogram based on the third data to obtain the first target histogram. Obtain fourth data based on the low angle value of the particles in the third interval according to the median angle value. Generate a histogram based on the fourth data to obtain the second target histogram.

[0091] The particles with median angle values ​​within the second interval are obtained. The second interval consists of a second horizontal coordinate and a third horizontal coordinate. The third data is obtained based on the low angle values ​​of the particles with median angle values ​​within the second interval. The third data contains the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. A histogram is generated based on the third data to obtain the first target histogram. The horizontal coordinate of the first target histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical coordinate is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0092] Obtain the particles whose mid-angle value is within the third interval, where the third interval is composed of the second and fourth horizontal coordinates. Based on the low angle value of the particles whose mid-angle value is within the third interval, obtain the fourth data. The fourth data contains the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. Generate a histogram based on the fourth data to obtain the second target histogram. The horizontal axis of the second target histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0093] For example, if N=2, meaning the substance to be tested contains two clusters of particles, then the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram M(X) are Vp and Vp, respectively. m1 Vp m2 The corresponding x-coordinates are P m1 P m2 And identify the trough value between two peak values, that is, in the mid-angle histogram M(X) [P m1 P m2 Find the minimum vertical coordinate within the interval, and denote the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the trough value as P. vd Find the lowest point on the left boundary of the first peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vleft Find the lowest point on the right boundary of the second peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vright The first target histogram is based on the midpoint value in [P]. vleft P vd The histogram obtained from the low-angle values ​​of particles within the range is denoted as L1(X). The second target histogram is obtained based on the mid-angle values ​​within [P]. vd P vright The low-angle histogram obtained by taking the low-angle values ​​of particles within the range is denoted as L2(X).

[0094] In this embodiment, a second low-angle histogram is obtained based on the middle-angle histogram. This allows for the identification of N particle clusters of the test substance in the middle-angle histogram, avoiding the phenomenon that the test substance cannot identify all particle clusters by directly identifying particle clusters based on the low-angle value.

[0095] After obtaining the first target histogram and the second target histogram, the elevation angle histogram is obtained based on the first target histogram and the second target histogram. The elevation angle histogram includes the first elevation angle histogram and the second elevation angle histogram. The specific steps are as follows:

[0096] Step S501: Obtain the maximum peak value in the first target histogram to obtain the first peak value; determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the first target abscissa; determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the second target abscissa; obtain the fifth data based on the high angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the sixth interval; generate a histogram based on the fifth data to obtain the first high-angle histogram.

[0097] The sixth interval is composed of the x-coordinates of the first target and the second target.

[0098] To obtain the maximum peak value in the first target histogram, we take the maximum value among all peak values ​​in the first target histogram and record it as the first peak value. We then obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value and record it as the x-coordinate of the first target. The method for determining the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value is the same as the method for determining the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth x-coordinate, and will not be elaborated here.

[0099] Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak, and denote it as the second target x-coordinate. The method for determining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak is the same as the method for determining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th x-coordinate. Obtain the particles whose mid-angle value is in the second interval and whose low-angle value is in the sixth interval. Based on the high-angle values ​​of the particles whose mid-angle value is in the second interval and whose low-angle value is in the sixth interval, obtain the fifth data. The fifth data includes the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. Generate a histogram based on the fifth data to obtain the first high-angle histogram.

[0100] Step S502: Obtain the maximum peak value in the second target histogram to obtain the second peak value; determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value as the abscissa of the third target; determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value as the abscissa of the fourth target; obtain the sixth data based on the high angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the seventh interval; generate a histogram based on the sixth data to obtain the second high-angle histogram.

[0101] The seventh interval consists of the x-coordinates of the third and fourth targets.

[0102] To obtain the maximum peak value in the second target histogram, we take the maximum value among all peak values ​​in the second target histogram and record it as the second peak value. We then obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value and record it as the x-coordinate of the third target. The method for determining the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value is the same as the method for determining the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth x-coordinate, and will not be elaborated here.

[0103] Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak, and denote it as the fourth target x-coordinate. The method for determining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak is the same as the method for determining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th x-coordinate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0104] Obtain the particles whose mid-angle value is in the second interval and whose low-angle value is in the seventh interval. Based on the high-angle value of the particles whose mid-angle value is in the second interval and whose low-angle value is in the seventh interval, obtain the sixth data. The sixth data includes the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. Generate a histogram based on the sixth data to obtain the second high-angle histogram.

[0105] For example, if N=2, meaning the substance to be tested contains two clusters of particles, then the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram M(X) are Vp and Vp, respectively. m1 Vp m2 The corresponding x-coordinates are P m1 P m2 And identify the trough value between two peak values, that is, in the mid-angle histogram M(X) [P m1 P m2 Find the minimum vertical coordinate within the interval, and denote the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the trough value as P. vd Find the lowest point on the left boundary of the first peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vleft Find the lowest point on the right boundary of the second peak and label its corresponding coordinate as P. vright The first target histogram is based on the midpoint value in [P]. vleft P vd The histogram obtained from the low-angle values ​​of particles within the range is denoted as L1(X). The second target histogram is obtained based on the mid-angle values ​​within [P]. vd P vright The low-angle histogram obtained by taking the low-angle values ​​of particles within the range is denoted as L2(X).

[0106] Identify the peak values ​​of the L1(X) histogram, obtain two peak values, and take the maximum value as Vp. l1 Identify Vp l1The x-coordinates of the lowest point on the left boundary and the lowest point on the right boundary are denoted as Pv, respectively. l1 ,Pv l2 Identify the peak values ​​of the L2(X) histogram, obtain two peak values, and take the maximum value as Vp. l2 Identify peak Vp l2 The x-coordinates of the lowest point on the left boundary and the lowest point on the right boundary are denoted as Pv, respectively. l3 ,Pv l4 .

[0107] The first high angle histogram shows the median angle value at [P]. vleft P vd ], Low angle position in [Pv l1 , Pv l2 The histogram of the high angle values ​​corresponding to particles within the range is denoted as H1(X). The second high angle histogram is the histogram of the mid-angle values ​​within the range [P]. vd P vright ], Low angle position in [Pv l3 , Pv l4 The histogram obtained by taking the high angle values ​​of the particles within the range is denoted as H2(X).

[0108] Through the above steps, the mid-angle histogram, the second low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram under the first preset gain and the second preset gain can be obtained respectively, and then step S104 is executed.

[0109] Perform the following steps on the mid-angle histogram, the second low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram under the first preset gain and the second preset gain, respectively:

[0110] Step S601: Calculate the centroid of the middle angle histogram to obtain the first centroid; calculate the lower angle histogram to obtain the second centroid; and calculate the centroid of the upper angle histogram to obtain the third centroid.

[0111] Calculate the centroid of the middle angle histogram to obtain the first centroid; calculate the centroid of the lower angle histogram to obtain the second centroid; and calculate the centroid of the upper angle histogram to obtain the third centroid.

[0112] The method for calculating the centroid of a histogram is as follows:

[0113] Identify the peak values ​​of the histogram to obtain N peak values. Randomly select one peak value to obtain the target peak value. Calculate the product of the target peak value and a preset multiple, and obtain the x-coordinate value corresponding to this product. r and the x-axis value L l The preset multiplier takes values ​​in the range [0,1], and the preset multiplier is generally 0.1.

[0114] The formula for the center of gravity is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Where G is the centroid, X i Let F(X) be the x-coordinate value of the histogram F(X). i ) is X i The corresponding ordinate value, L r L l These are the x-coordinate values ​​corresponding to the product of the target wave peak value and a preset multiple, respectively. r <L l .

[0117] In one possible implementation, the centroid corresponding to each peak value of the histogram can be calculated using the method described above for calculating the centroid of the target peak value, resulting in N centroids. Any one of the N centroids can then be selected as the centroid of the histogram.

[0118] Therefore, the calculations for the first, second, third, and fourth centroids are as follows:

[0119] Step S6011: Obtain the peak value of the mid-angle histogram to obtain N first values. Randomly select one of the N first values ​​to obtain a first target value. Calculate the product of the first target value and a preset multiple to obtain a first target value. Obtain the abscissa corresponding to the first target value to obtain a first coordinate and a second coordinate. Calculate the centroid of the mid-angle histogram based on the first coordinate and the second coordinate to obtain a first centroid.

[0120] The preset multiple is greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0121] For example, if N=2 and the preset multiplier is 0.1, then the peak value of the mid-angle histogram is obtained, resulting in two first values, 1 and 2. If the first target value is selected as 1, then the first target value is 0.1. The x-coordinate corresponding to the first target value of 0.1 is obtained, resulting in a first coordinate of 0.2 and a second coordinate of 0.8. Based on the first and second coordinates, the centroid of the mid-angle histogram is calculated, resulting in the first centroid as:

[0122]

[0123] Where G is the first centroid, X i Let F(X) be the x-coordinate value of the histogram F(X). i ) is X i The corresponding ordinate value, L r L l The values ​​are 0.2 and 0.8 respectively.

[0124] Step S6012: Obtain the peak value of the low-angle histogram to obtain N second values. Randomly select one of the N second values ​​to obtain a second target value. Calculate the product of the second target value and a preset multiple to obtain a second target value. Obtain the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the second target value to obtain a third coordinate and a fourth coordinate. Calculate the centroid of the low-angle histogram based on the third coordinate and the fourth coordinate to obtain a second centroid.

[0125] The low-angle histogram includes the first target histogram and the second target histogram. Therefore, the centroids corresponding to the first target histogram and the second target histogram should be calculated respectively according to the method for calculating the centroid of the low-angle histogram.

[0126] Specifically, the peak value of the first target histogram is obtained, N second values ​​are obtained, one of the N second values ​​is arbitrarily selected to obtain the second target value, the product of the second target value and a preset multiple is calculated to obtain the second target value, the x-coordinate corresponding to the second target value is obtained to obtain the third and fourth coordinates, and the centroid of the first target histogram is calculated based on the third and fourth coordinates to obtain the second centroid.

[0127] Obtain the peak value of the second target histogram to get N second values. Randomly select one of the N second values ​​to get the second target value. Calculate the product of the second target value and a preset multiple to get the second target value. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the second target value to get the third and fourth coordinates. Calculate the centroid of the second target histogram based on the third and fourth coordinates to get the second centroid.

[0128] Step S6013: Obtain the peak value of the high-angle histogram to obtain N third values. Randomly select one of the N third values ​​to obtain the third target value. Calculate the product of the third target value and a preset multiple to obtain the third target value. Obtain the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the third target value to obtain the fifth and sixth coordinates. Calculate the centroid of the second low-angle histogram based on the fifth and sixth coordinates to obtain the third centroid.

[0129] The high-angle histogram includes a first high-angle histogram and a second high-angle histogram. Therefore, the centroids of the first high-angle histogram and the second high-angle histogram should be calculated respectively according to the method for calculating the centroid of the high-angle histogram described above.

[0130] Specifically, the peak value of the first high-angle histogram is obtained, resulting in N third values. One of the N third values ​​is arbitrarily selected to obtain the third target value. The product of the third target value and a preset multiple is calculated to obtain the third target value. The x-coordinate corresponding to the third target value is obtained to obtain the fifth and sixth coordinates. Based on the fifth and sixth coordinates, the centroid of the first high-angle histogram is calculated to obtain the third centroid.

[0131] Obtain the peak value of the second high-angle histogram to get N third values. Randomly select one of the N third values ​​to get the third target value. Calculate the product of the third target value and the preset multiple to get the third target value. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the third target value to get the fifth and sixth coordinates. Calculate the centroid of the second high-angle histogram based on the fifth and sixth coordinates to get the third centroid.

[0132] The methods for calculating the second and third centroids are similar to those for calculating the first centroid, and will not be illustrated here.

[0133] Step S602: Calculate the gain corresponding to the substance under test based on the first centroid, second centroid, and third centroid of the substance under test under the first preset gain, and the first centroid, second centroid, and third centroid of the substance under test under the second preset gain, and obtain the calibration gain.

[0134] After calculating the centroids of the mid-angle histogram, low-angle histogram, and high-angle histogram under the first and second preset gains, respectively, the gain corresponding to the analyte is calculated based on the first, second, third, and fourth centroids under the first and second preset gains, and the calibration gain is obtained.

[0135] The formula for calculating gain is as follows:

[0136]

[0137] or

[0138] Where D is the gain, G1 is the centroid under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the centroid under the second preset gain D2, and G is the target value of the centroid, which can be understood as the standard value of the centroid, and can be determined by experiments.

[0139] In this embodiment, the gains corresponding to the mid-angle histogram, low-angle histogram, and high-angle histogram are calculated respectively to obtain the calibration gain of the analyte. Therefore, the specific calculation steps are as follows:

[0140] Step S701: Calculate the first calibration gain based on the first centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the first centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the first centroid.

[0141] Based on the centroid of the median histogram under the first preset gain, the centroid of the median histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid, the first calibration gain is calculated using the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] or

[0144] Where D is the first calibration gain, G1 is the first centroid under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the first centroid under the second preset gain D2, and G is the target value of the first centroid, which can be understood as the standard value of the first centroid, and can be determined experimentally.

[0145] Step S702: Calculate the second calibration gain based on the second centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the second centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid.

[0146] The second calibration gain is calculated based on the centroid of the low-angle histogram under the first preset gain, the centroid of the low-angle histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0147]

[0148] or

[0149] Where D is the second calibration gain, G1 is the second centroid under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the second centroid under the second preset gain D2, and G is the target value of the second centroid, which can be understood as the standard value of the second centroid, and can be determined experimentally.

[0150] Since the low-angle histogram includes the first target histogram and the second target histogram, the gains corresponding to the first target histogram and the second target histogram are calculated respectively.

[0151] Based on the centroid of the first target histogram under the first preset gain, the centroid of the first target histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid, the second calibration gain of the first target histogram is calculated using the following formula:

[0152]

[0153] or

[0154] Where D is the second calibration gain of the first target histogram, G1 is the second centroid of the first target histogram under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the second centroid of the first target histogram under the second preset gain D2, and G is the target value of the second centroid corresponding to the first target histogram, which can be understood as the standard value of the second centroid corresponding to the first target histogram, and can be determined by experiments.

[0155] Based on the centroid of the second target histogram under the first preset gain, the centroid of the second target histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid corresponding to the second target histogram, the third calibration gain of the second target histogram is calculated using the following formula:

[0156]

[0157] or

[0158] Where D is the second calibration gain of the second target histogram, G1 is the second centroid of the second target histogram under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the second centroid of the second target histogram under the second preset gain D2, and G is the standard value of the second centroid corresponding to the second target histogram, which can be determined experimentally.

[0159] Step S703: Calculate the third calibration gain based on the third centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the third centroid.

[0160] Since the high-angle histogram includes the first high-angle histogram and the second high-angle histogram, the gains corresponding to the first high-angle histogram and the second high-angle histogram are calculated respectively.

[0161] Based on the third centroid corresponding to the first high-angle histogram under the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the first high-angle histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the third centroid of the first high-angle histogram, the third calibration gain of the first high-angle histogram is calculated using the following formula:

[0162]

[0163] or

[0164] Where D is the third calibration gain of the first high-angle histogram, G1 is the third centroid of the first high-angle histogram under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the third centroid of the first high-angle histogram under the second preset gain D2, and G is the standard value of the third centroid of the first high-angle histogram, which can be determined experimentally.

[0165] Based on the third centroid corresponding to the second high-angle histogram under the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the second high-angle histogram under the second preset gain, and the standard value of the third centroid of the second high-angle histogram, the third calibration gain of the second high-angle histogram is calculated using the following formula:

[0166]

[0167] or

[0168] Where D is the third calibration gain of the second high-angle histogram, G1 is the third centroid of the second high-angle histogram under the first preset gain D1, G2 is the third centroid of the second high-angle histogram under the second preset gain D2, and G is the standard value of the third centroid of the second high-angle histogram, which can be determined experimentally.

[0169] From the above steps, the gain under each histogram can be obtained, namely the first calibration gain of the mid-angle histogram, the second calibration gain of the first target histogram, the second calibration gain of the second target histogram, the third calibration gain of the first high-angle histogram, and the third calibration gain of the second high-angle histogram.

[0170] Since a higher gain results in greater noise in the optical system, which affects the detection of the scattered light properties, the gain is generally set within the range of [0, 255] to minimize the negative impact of the gain while ensuring user needs are met. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that the gain of the optical system is set within a preset range, which is generally [0, 255], but can also be set according to requirements.

[0171] Therefore, determining the gain of the optical system involves judging whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system. If the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is changed, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0172] The calibration gain includes the first calibration gain of the mid-angle histogram, the second calibration gain of the first target histogram, the second calibration gain of the second target histogram, the third calibration gain of the first high-angle histogram, and the third calibration gain of the second high-angle histogram. If all of these values ​​are within a preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system. If any of these values ​​are outside the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is reset, and the process returns to the step of acquiring the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the initial preset gain can be taken from a small gain value, and the preset gain of the optical system can be changed according to preset rules, such as gradually increasing by a fixed value. For example, if the fixed value is 2 and the initial preset gain is 3, then the first change to the preset gain of the optical system can be 5. In another possible implementation, the initial preset gain can be taken from a large gain value, such as 255, and the preset gain of the optical system can be changed by gradually decreasing by a fixed value. For example, if the fixed value is 2 and the initial preset gain is 255, then the first change to the preset gain of the optical system can be 253.

[0174] Based on the above method, by obtaining the low-angle values ​​corresponding to the target particles of pulse signals with a front peak width within a first preset range, a rear peak width within a second preset range, and a total peak width within a third preset range, a target low-angle histogram is obtained. This process can first remove the influence of blood shadows, ensuring the accuracy and stability of subsequent gain calculations. Secondly, obtaining the low-angle histogram based on the mid-angle histogram avoids the inability to identify all particle clusters. Furthermore, since low-angle scattered light can reflect cell size, and mid-angle scattered light can reflect the fine internal structure and particulate matter of cells, combining the low-angle, mid-angle, and high-angle values ​​of particles to generate a histogram can more comprehensively reflect the properties and characteristics of the substance under test, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the gain of the optical system.

[0175] The method of the present invention has been described above. To better implement the above method, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical system gain calibration device. This device can perform all the functions of the above method. (Refer to...) Figure 6 , Figure 6 A structural block diagram of an optical system gain calibration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the device 60 includes:

[0176] Irradiation module 601: used to acquire the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation of the substance under test when it passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system, wherein the substance under test is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles.

[0177] First module 602: used to convert the scattered light into a pulse signal, obtain the particles corresponding to the pulse signal with the front peak width in a first preset range, the rear peak width in a second preset range, and the full peak width in a third preset range, obtain the target particles, and obtain the first data based on the low angle value of the target particles; the first data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0178] The second module 603 is used to obtain second data based on the median angle value of the particles corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data, generate a histogram based on the second data, obtain a median angle histogram, obtain a low angle histogram based on the median angle histogram, and obtain a high angle histogram based on the low angle histogram, wherein the second data includes the correspondence between particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume, and the horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume.

[0179] Calibration module 604: Calculates the gain corresponding to the substance under test based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain; determines whether the calibration gain is within a preset range; if the calibration gain is within the preset range, determines the calibration gain as the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, changes the preset gain of the optical system and returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

[0180] In one possible design, the second module 603 is specifically used for: identifying the peak values ​​of the mid-angle histogram, obtaining the first peak values ​​corresponding to the N particle clusters contained in the substance to be tested, obtaining the N abscissas corresponding to the first peak values ​​and sorting them from smallest to largest to obtain N first abscissas; forming an interval between the nth abscissa and the (n+1)th abscissa to obtain a first interval, where n takes the value from 1 to N-1; obtaining the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the mid-angle histogram within the first interval to obtain a second abscissa; obtaining the minimum ordinate value of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa, and obtaining the ordinate value of the left boundary. The abscissa corresponding to the minimum value is used to obtain the third abscissa. The minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa is obtained, and the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary is obtained to obtain the fourth abscissa. The third data is obtained based on the low angle value of the particles in the second interval, which is composed of the second and third abscissas. A histogram is generated based on the third data to obtain the first target histogram. The fourth data is obtained based on the low angle value of the particles in the third interval, and a histogram is generated based on the fourth data to obtain the second target histogram. The third interval is composed of the second and fourth abscissas.

[0181] In one possible design, the second module 603 is specifically used for: if n = 1, calculating the slope corresponding to all first candidate ordinates in the mid-angle histogram; if there is a slope of 0, determining the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; if there is no slope of 0, determining the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the minimum slope as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; wherein, the first candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa less than the nth abscissa; if n > 1, determining the minimum ordinate of the mid-angle histogram within the fourth interval as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; wherein, the fourth interval is composed of the nth abscissa and the (n-1)th abscissa.

[0182] In one possible design, the second module 503 is specifically used for: if n+1 = N, then calculating the slope corresponding to all second candidate ordinates in the mid-angle histogram; if there is a slope of 0, then determining the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa; wherein, the second candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa greater than the (n+1)th abscissa; if n+1 < N, then determining the minimum ordinate of the mid-angle histogram within the fifth interval as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa; wherein, the fifth interval is composed of the (n+1)th abscissa and the (n+2)th abscissa.

[0183] In one possible design, the second module 603 is specifically used for: obtaining the maximum peak value in the first target histogram to obtain the first peak value; determining the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the first target abscissa; determining the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the second target abscissa; obtaining fifth data based on the elevation angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the sixth interval; generating a histogram based on the fifth data to obtain the first elevation angle histogram, wherein the sixth interval is determined by the first target abscissa. The second target abscissa is formed by the maximum peak value in the second target histogram, and the abscissa corresponding to the minimum vertical coordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak is determined as the third target abscissa; the abscissa corresponding to the minimum vertical coordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak is determined as the fourth target abscissa; the sixth data is obtained based on the high angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the seventh interval, and a histogram is generated based on the sixth data to obtain the second high-angle histogram, wherein the seventh interval is formed by the abscissa of the third target and the abscissa of the fourth target.

[0184] In one possible design, the calibration module 604 is specifically used to: calculate the centroid of the mid-angle histogram to obtain a first centroid; calculate the low-angle histogram to obtain a second centroid; and calculate the centroid of the high-angle histogram to obtain a third centroid; and calculate the gain corresponding to the analyte under the first preset gain, the second centroid, and the third centroid, and the first centroid, the second centroid, and the third centroid corresponding to the analyte under the second preset gain, to obtain the calibration gain.

[0185] In one possible design, the calibration module 604 is specifically used for: obtaining the peak value of the mid-angle histogram to obtain N first values; arbitrarily selecting one of the N first values ​​to obtain a first target value; calculating the product of the first target value and a preset multiple to obtain a first target value; wherein the preset multiple is greater than 0 and less than 1; obtaining the abscissa corresponding to the first target value to obtain a first coordinate and a second coordinate; calculating the centroid of the mid-angle histogram based on the first coordinate and the second coordinate to obtain a first centroid; obtaining the peak value of the low-angle histogram to obtain N second values; arbitrarily selecting one of the N second values ​​to obtain a second... The target value is calculated by multiplying the second target value by a preset multiple to obtain the second target value; the x-coordinate corresponding to the second target value is obtained to obtain the third and fourth coordinates; the centroid of the low-angle histogram is calculated based on the third and fourth coordinates to obtain the second centroid; the peak value of the high-angle histogram is obtained to obtain N third values, and one of the N third values ​​is arbitrarily selected to obtain the third target value; the product of the third target value and the preset multiple is calculated to obtain the third target value; the x-coordinate corresponding to the third target value is obtained to obtain the fifth and sixth coordinates; the centroid of the second low-angle histogram is calculated based on the fifth and sixth coordinates to obtain the third centroid.

[0186] In one possible design, the calibration module 604 is specifically used to: calculate a first calibration gain based on the first centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the first centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the first centroid; calculate a second calibration gain based on the second centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the second centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid; and calculate a third calibration gain based on the third centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the third centroid.

[0187] In one possible design, the calibration module 604 is specifically used to: determine whether the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within a preset range; if the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within the preset range, then determine that the calibration gain is the gain of the optical system; if the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are not all within the preset range, then determine that the calibration gain is invalid.

[0188] Based on the above device, by acquiring the low-angle values ​​corresponding to the target particles of pulse signals with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range, a target low-angle histogram is obtained. This process can first remove the influence of blood shadows, ensuring the accuracy and stability of subsequent gain calculations. Secondly, by obtaining the low-angle histogram based on the mid-angle histogram, it is possible to avoid the inability to identify all particle clusters. Furthermore, since low-angle scattered light can reflect the size of cells, and mid-angle scattered light can reflect the fine internal structure and particulate matter of cells, by combining the low-angle, mid-angle, and high-angle values ​​of particles to generate a histogram, the properties and characteristics of the substance to be measured can be more comprehensively reflected, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the gain of the optical system.

[0189] Figure 7 An internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment is shown. This computer device can specifically be a terminal or a server. Figure 7 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, and network interface connected via a system bus. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and may also store a computer program. When executed by the processor, this computer program causes the processor to perform all the steps of the above-described method. The internal memory may also store a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform all the steps of the above-described method. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 7 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0190] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the aforementioned method.

[0191] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the aforementioned method.

[0192] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0193] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0194] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gain calibration method for an optical system, characterized in that, The method includes: Under the preset gain of the optical system, the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance to be tested passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system is acquired, wherein the substance to be tested is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles. The scattered light is converted into a pulse signal, and the particles corresponding to the pulse signals with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range are obtained to obtain the target particles. Based on the low angle value of the target particles, the first data is obtained; the first data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The second data is obtained based on the median angle value of the particle corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data. A histogram is generated based on the second data to obtain the median angle histogram. A low angle histogram is obtained based on the median angle histogram, and a high angle histogram is obtained based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between the particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. Based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram, the gain corresponding to the substance under test is calculated to obtain the calibration gain; it is determined whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the preset gain of the optical system is changed, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam irradiation when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-angle histogram includes a first target histogram and a second target histogram. Obtaining the low-angle histogram based on the mid-angle histogram includes: Identify the peak value of the mid-angle histogram to obtain the first peak value corresponding to each of the N groups of particles contained in the substance to be tested. Obtain the N abscissas corresponding to the first peak values ​​and sort them from smallest to largest to obtain N first abscissas. The first interval is obtained by forming an interval between the nth x-coordinate and the (n+1)th x-coordinate, where the value of n ranges from 1 to N-1. Obtain the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate value of the median angle histogram within the first interval, and thus obtain the second abscissa; Obtain the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa, obtain the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary, and obtain the third abscissa. Obtain the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa, obtain the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary, and obtain the fourth abscissa. The third data is obtained based on the low angle value of the particles within the second interval, which is composed of the second and third horizontal coordinates. A histogram is generated based on the third data to obtain the first target histogram. The fourth data is obtained based on the low angle value of the particles within the third interval, which is composed of the second and fourth horizontal coordinates. A histogram is generated based on the fourth data to obtain the second target histogram.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the minimum value of the ordinate of the left boundary of the wave peak corresponding to the nth horizontal coordinate includes: If n=1, calculate the slope corresponding to all first candidate ordinates in the mid-angle histogram. If there is a slope of 0, determine the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa. If there is no slope of 0, determine the first candidate ordinate corresponding to the minimum slope as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa. Wherein, the first candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa that is less than the nth abscissa. If n > 1, then the minimum ordinate of the mid-angle histogram in the fourth interval is determined as the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the nth abscissa; wherein, the fourth interval is composed of the nth abscissa and the (n-1)th abscissa.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtaining the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the wave peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa includes: If n+1=N, then calculate the slope corresponding to all second candidate ordinates in the mid-angle histogram. If there is a slope of 0, then determine the second candidate ordinate corresponding to the slope of 0 as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa. Wherein, the second candidate ordinate is the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa that is greater than the (n+1)th abscissa. If n+1 < N, then the minimum ordinate of the mid-angle histogram in the fifth interval is determined as the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the (n+1)th abscissa; wherein the fifth interval is composed of the (n+1)th abscissa and the (n+2)th abscissa.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-angle histogram includes a first high-angle histogram and a second high-angle histogram. Obtaining the high-angle histogram based on the low-angle histogram includes: Obtain the maximum peak value in the first target histogram to obtain the first peak value. Determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the first target abscissa. Determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the first peak value as the second target abscissa. Obtain the fifth data based on the high angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the sixth interval. Generate a histogram based on the fifth data to obtain the first high-angle histogram. The sixth interval is composed of the first target abscissa and the second target abscissa. Obtain the maximum peak value in the second target histogram to obtain the second peak value. Determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the left boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value as the third target abscissa. Determine the abscissa corresponding to the minimum ordinate of the right boundary of the peak corresponding to the second peak value as the fourth target abscissa. Obtain the sixth data based on the high angle values ​​of particles with mid-angle values ​​in the second interval and low-angle values ​​in the seventh interval. Generate a histogram based on the sixth data to obtain the second high-angle histogram. The seventh interval is composed of the third target abscissa and the fourth target abscissa.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset gain includes a first preset gain and a second preset gain. The step of calculating the gain corresponding to the analyte based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain includes: Calculate the centroid of the middle angle histogram to obtain the first centroid, calculate the centroid of the low angle histogram to obtain the second centroid, and calculate the centroid of the high angle histogram to obtain the third centroid; Based on the first, second, and third centroids of the substance under test under the first preset gain, and the first, second, and third centroids of the substance under test under the second preset gain, the gain corresponding to the substance under test is calculated to obtain the calibration gain.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the centroid of the mid-angle histogram to obtain the first centroid, the calculation of the low-angle histogram to obtain the second centroid, and the calculation of the centroid of the high-angle histogram to obtain the third centroid include: Obtain the peak value of the mid-angle histogram to get N first values. Randomly select one of the N first values ​​to get a first target value. Calculate the product of the first target value and a preset multiple to get a first target value; wherein the preset multiple is greater than 0 and less than 1. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the first target value to get a first coordinate and a second coordinate. Calculate the centroid of the mid-angle histogram based on the first coordinate and the second coordinate to get the first centroid. Obtain the peak value of the low-angle histogram to get N second values. Randomly select one of the N second values ​​to get the second target value. Calculate the product of the second target value and a preset multiple to get the second target value. Obtain the x-coordinate corresponding to the second target value to get the third and fourth coordinates. Calculate the centroid of the low-angle histogram based on the third and fourth coordinates to get the second centroid. Obtain the peak value of the high-angle histogram to get N third values. Randomly select one of the N third values ​​to get the third target value. Calculate the product of the third target value and a preset multiple to get the third target value. Obtain the horizontal coordinate corresponding to the third target value to get the fifth coordinate and the sixth coordinate. Calculate the centroid of the high-angle histogram based on the fifth coordinate and the sixth coordinate to get the third centroid.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calibration gain includes a first calibration gain, a second calibration gain, and a third calibration gain. The step of calculating the gain corresponding to the analyte based on the first, second, and third centroids of the analyte under the first preset gain and the second preset gain, to obtain the calibration gain, includes: The first calibration gain is calculated based on the first centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the first centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the first centroid. The second calibration gain is calculated based on the second centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the second centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the second centroid. The third calibration gain is calculated based on the third centroid corresponding to the first preset gain, the third centroid corresponding to the second preset gain, and the standard value of the third centroid.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step is to determine whether the calibration gain is within a preset range. If the calibration gain is within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system. If the calibration gain is not within the preset range, the calibration gain is determined to be invalid, including: Determine whether the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within a preset range. If the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are all within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be the gain of the optical system. If the first calibration gain, the second calibration gain, and the third calibration gain are not all within the preset range, then the calibration gain is determined to be invalid.

10. An optical system gain calibration device, characterized in that, The device includes: Irradiation module: used to acquire the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system, wherein the substance under test is a substance containing at least two clusters of particles; First module: used to convert the scattered light into a pulse signal, obtain the particles corresponding to the pulse signal with a front peak width in a first preset range, a rear peak width in a second preset range, and a total peak width in a third preset range, obtain the target particles, and obtain first data based on the low angle value of the target particles; the first data includes the particle volume; The second module is used to obtain second data based on the median angle value of the particles corresponding to the particle volume contained in the first data, generate a histogram based on the second data, obtain a median angle histogram, obtain a low angle histogram based on the median angle histogram, and obtain a high angle histogram based on the low angle histogram. The second data includes the correspondence between particle volume and the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The horizontal axis of the histogram is the particle volume, and the vertical axis is the total number of particles corresponding to the particle volume. The calibration module is used to calculate the gain corresponding to the substance under test based on the mid-angle histogram, the low-angle histogram, and the high-angle histogram to obtain the calibration gain; determine whether the calibration gain is within a preset range; if the calibration gain is within the preset range, determine that the calibration gain is the gain of the optical system; if the calibration gain is not within the preset range, change the preset gain of the optical system and return to the step of obtaining the scattered light generated by the laser beam when the substance under test passes through the laser detection area of ​​the optical system under the preset gain of the optical system.

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